JPH07158098A - Manhole cover - Google Patents
Manhole coverInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07158098A JPH07158098A JP5302996A JP30299693A JPH07158098A JP H07158098 A JPH07158098 A JP H07158098A JP 5302996 A JP5302996 A JP 5302996A JP 30299693 A JP30299693 A JP 30299693A JP H07158098 A JPH07158098 A JP H07158098A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- resin member
- manhole
- ventilation hole
- needle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010097 foam moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSKJLJHPAFKHBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 VSKJLJHPAFKHBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、下水道などの出入口と
して路上などに設けられたマンホールの蓋に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a manhole cover provided on a road or the like as an entrance for a sewer or the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】マンホールに雨水等が流入すると、その
分汚水量が増大して汚水の処理装置に多大の負荷がかか
り、汚水処理費用も増大する。そこで従来よりマンホー
ルの蓋には、マンホール内に雨水などが流れ込まないよ
うに種々の提案がなされている。2. Description of the Related Art When rainwater or the like flows into a manhole, the amount of sewage increases correspondingly, a great load is placed on a sewage treatment apparatus, and the sewage treatment cost also increases. Therefore, various proposals have heretofore been made on the lid of the manhole so that rainwater and the like do not flow into the manhole.
【０００３】例えば実開昭５９−１４０３５０号公報に
は、マンホール本体との間に高復元性水膨潤性ウレタン
樹脂シーリング材を介在させた構造が開示されている。
また実開昭６３−４１６５０号公報には、マンホール本
体との間に弾性シートを介在させて密着性を改善したマ
ンホールの蓋が開示されている。さらに、実開平３−１
２９４２号公報には、吸水繊維の吸水による膨張により
マンホール本体と蓋との間をシールするシール材が開示
されている。For example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-140350 discloses a structure in which a highly restorable water-swelling urethane resin sealing material is interposed between the manhole body and the main body.
Further, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-41650 discloses a manhole cover in which an elastic sheet is interposed between the manhole body and the manhole body to improve the adhesion. Furthermore, actual Kaihei 3-1
Japanese Patent No. 2942 discloses a sealing material that seals between a manhole body and a lid by expansion of a water absorbing fiber due to water absorption.
【０００４】これらの構造によれば、マンホール本体と
蓋との間から雨水などがマンホール本体内に流れ込むの
が防止され、雨天時などの汚水量の増大を防止すること
ができる。With these structures, it is possible to prevent rainwater and the like from flowing into the manhole body from between the manhole body and the lid, and to prevent an increase in the amount of dirty water such as in the case of rain.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】下水道などに設けられ
たマンホールの蓋には厚さ方向に貫通する通気孔が設け
られ、汚水から発生したメタンガスなどのガスを通気孔
を介してマンホール内から大気中に排出している。この
通気孔はガスのみが通過すればよいので、開口部を小さ
くすればよいのであるが、開口が小さいと砂や埃で通気
孔が閉塞される恐れがある。そこで例えばφ１４ｍｍ程
度のかなり大きな通気孔とされているのが現状である。
しかしながらこのように大きな通気孔では、雨天時など
に通気孔から逆に雨水がマンホールに流入し、汚水量を
増大させるという問題点があった。The lid of a manhole provided in a sewer or the like is provided with a vent hole penetrating in the thickness direction, and gas such as methane gas generated from sewage is discharged from the manhole to the atmosphere through the vent hole. It is discharged inside. Since only the gas needs to pass through the vent holes, it is necessary to make the openings small, but if the openings are small, the vent holes may be blocked by sand or dust. Therefore, in the present situation, the ventilation holes are made to have a considerably large size of, for example, φ14 mm.
However, in such a large vent hole, there is a problem that rainwater flows into the manhole from the vent hole in the case of rain and the like to increase the amount of dirty water.
【０００６】ところで近年、吸水により体積が乾燥時の
数倍以上に膨張する樹脂材料が開発され、その用途開発
が盛んに行われている。そこで本発明の発明者らは、こ
の樹脂材料をマンホールの通気孔に設けることを想起し
実験を重ねた。ところがこの樹脂材料は、吸水速度が遅
くかつ一旦吸水した水分はなかなか放出しないという特
性をもつため、雨天時に通気孔が閉口するまでの時間が
長く、かつ一旦閉口すると開口するまでの時間が極めて
長くなることが明らかとなった。By the way, in recent years, a resin material whose volume expands to several times or more of that when it is dried by water absorption has been developed, and its application is actively developed. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention recalled that the resin material was provided in the vent hole of the manhole, and repeated experiments. However, since this resin material has the characteristics that the water absorption rate is slow and the water once absorbed does not release easily, it takes a long time until the vent hole is closed in rainy weather, and it takes a very long time to open it once it is closed. Became clear.
【０００７】本発明はこのような事情に鑑みてなされた
ものであり、吸水により膨張する樹脂材料を用いて通気
孔を形成するとともに、吸水による閉口までの時間及び
水の放出による開口までの時間を短縮することを目的と
する。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in addition to forming a vent hole using a resin material that expands by absorbing water, it takes time to close the opening by absorbing water and open the opening by releasing water. The purpose is to shorten.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決する本第
１発明のマンホールの蓋は、厚さ方向に貫通する通気孔
をもつ略板状のマンホールの蓋において、通気孔内又は
通気孔の開口に対向する位置には、少なくとも一部に連
続気泡をもち水を可逆的に吸収・放出可能な発泡樹脂部
材が配置され、通気孔は乾燥時に開口し雨天時などには
発泡樹脂部材の吸水による膨潤で閉口するように構成さ
れたことを特徴とする。The manhole cover according to the first aspect of the present invention, which solves the above problems, is a substantially plate-shaped manhole cover having a ventilation hole penetrating in the thickness direction. At the position facing the opening, a foamed resin member that has open cells in at least a part and is capable of reversibly absorbing and releasing water is arranged.Vent holes are opened during drying and the foamed resin member absorbs water during rainy weather. It is characterized in that it is configured to be closed by swelling due to.
【０００９】また第２発明のマンホールの蓋は、通気孔
内又は通気孔の開口に対向する位置に設けられ水を可逆
的に吸収・放出可能な樹脂部材と、樹脂部材の表面に設
けられ樹脂部材の通気孔の径を縮小する方向以外の方向
への膨張を規制する規制部材とをもち、通気孔は乾燥時
に開口し雨天時などには樹脂部材の吸水による膨潤で閉
口するように構成されたことを特徴とする。The manhole cover according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a resin member that is provided in the vent hole or at a position facing the opening of the vent hole and that can reversibly absorb and release water, and a resin provided on the surface of the resin member. It has a restricting member for restricting expansion in a direction other than the direction of reducing the diameter of the vent hole of the member, and the vent hole is configured to open during drying and to close due to swelling due to water absorption of the resin member during rainy weather. It is characterized by that.
【００１０】さらに第３発明のマンホールの蓋は、通気
孔内又は通気孔の開口に対向する位置には、水を可逆的
に吸収・放出可能な樹脂から形成され径方向内方へ向か
って突出する複数の針状突起をもち、通気孔は乾燥時に
開口し雨天時などには針状突起の吸水による膨潤で閉口
するように構成されたことを特徴とする。水を可逆的に
吸収・放出可能な樹脂としては、高吸水性樹脂を利用す
ることができる。この高吸水性樹脂としては、イソブチ
レン／無水マレイン酸共重合体系を始めとして、ポリア
クリル酸塩系、澱粉／アクリル酸グラフト共重合体系、
ポリエチレンオキサイド系、カルボキシメチルセルロー
ス系、澱粉／アクリロニトリルグラフト共重合体ケン化
物系など、種々の樹脂から選択して用いることができ
る。Further, the manhole cover of the third invention is formed of a resin capable of reversibly absorbing / releasing water in the vent hole or at a position facing the opening of the vent hole, and protrudes inward in the radial direction. It is characterized in that it has a plurality of needle-like projections, and that the ventilation holes are opened during drying and closed by swelling due to water absorption of the needle-like projections in rainy weather. As the resin capable of reversibly absorbing / releasing water, a highly water-absorbent resin can be used. Examples of the super absorbent polymer include isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymer system, polyacrylate salt system, starch / acrylic acid graft copolymer system,
Various resins such as polyethylene oxide type, carboxymethyl cellulose type, starch / acrylonitrile graft copolymer saponified type, etc. can be selected and used.
【００１１】なお、高吸水性樹脂のみでは強度など物性
面で充分な性能が得られない場合には、熱可塑性樹脂な
どと混合して用いることもできる。このようにすれば射
出成形などにより製造することが可能となり、生産性も
向上する。高吸水性樹脂を利用する場合、吸水速度及び
水の放出速度は遅く、閉口及び開口までに長時間必要と
なる。そこで本第１発明では、樹脂部材を少なくとも一
部に連続気泡をもつ発泡体から形成する。全体が連続気
泡であることが望ましい。このようにすれば樹脂部材の
大気及び水との接触面積が飛躍的に増大し、吸水速度及
び吸水した水の放出速度が向上する。If the superabsorbent resin alone cannot provide sufficient performance in terms of physical properties such as strength, it can be used as a mixture with a thermoplastic resin. By doing so, it becomes possible to manufacture by injection molding or the like, and productivity is also improved. When a super absorbent polymer is used, the water absorption rate and the water release rate are slow, and it takes a long time to close and open the mouth. Therefore, in the first aspect of the present invention, the resin member is formed of a foam having open cells in at least a part thereof. It is desirable that the whole is open cells. By doing so, the contact area of the resin member with the atmosphere and water is dramatically increased, and the water absorption rate and the water absorption rate of the absorbed water are improved.
【００１２】このように連続気泡をもつ樹脂部材とする
には、公知の発泡成形方法、あるいは水可溶性粒子を混
合して成形後その粒子を溶出させる方法など、従来知ら
れている技術を利用することができる。また第２発明で
は、樹脂部材の表面に樹脂部材の膨張を規制する規制部
材が設けられている。これにより吸水時には、樹脂部材
は通気孔を塞ぐ一方向へ選択的に膨張するので、閉口ま
での時間が短縮されマンホール内へ流入する水量を一層
少なくすることが可能となる。この規制部材としては樹
脂部材の通気孔の径を縮小する方向以外の方向への膨張
の動きを規制するものであれば特に制限されず、金属、
樹脂、ゴムなどから形成することができる。To form a resin member having open cells in this manner, a conventionally known technique such as a known foam molding method or a method in which water-soluble particles are mixed and the particles are eluted after molding is utilized. be able to. Further, in the second aspect of the invention, the regulation member that regulates the expansion of the resin member is provided on the surface of the resin member. As a result, at the time of absorbing water, the resin member selectively expands in one direction that closes the vent hole, so that the time until closing is shortened and the amount of water flowing into the manhole can be further reduced. The restricting member is not particularly limited as long as it restricts the movement of expansion in a direction other than the direction of reducing the diameter of the vent hole of the resin member, metal,
It can be formed of resin, rubber or the like.
【００１３】なお、規制部材を例えば多孔質体から形成
し、水分は通過するが樹脂部材の膨張変形は規制できる
ように構成することが望ましい。このようにすれば閉口
速度及び開口速度を一層大きくすることができる。さら
に第３発明では、樹脂部材を複数の針状突起から構成し
ている。針状突起は撓み変形が容易であるので、石など
の重さで変形して石を内部へ落下させるため通気孔が閉
塞されるのが防止される。また針状突起は表面積が大き
いので吸水及び水分の放出をしやすく、膨潤して閉口す
るまでの時間及び乾燥して開口するまでの時間が短縮さ
れる。It is desirable that the regulating member is formed of, for example, a porous body so that moisture can pass through but the expansion and deformation of the resin member can be regulated. By doing so, the closing speed and the opening speed can be further increased. Further, in the third invention, the resin member is composed of a plurality of needle-like protrusions. Since the needle-shaped protrusions are easily deformed by bending, the air holes are prevented from being closed because the needle-shaped protrusions are deformed by the weight of stones and the stones are dropped inside. Further, since the needle-like protrusions have a large surface area, they easily absorb water and release water, and the time required for swelling and closing the mouth and the time required for drying and opening are shortened.
【００１４】樹脂部材は、マンホールの蓋本体と一体的
に形成してもよいし、蓋本体に形成された通気孔に後か
ら嵌合などで固定する構成とすることもできる。後者の
構成であれば、既に設置されているマンホールの蓋に容
易に取り付けることができ、既存のマンホールの蓋をそ
のまま利用できるという利点がある。The resin member may be formed integrally with the lid main body of the manhole, or may be fixed to the ventilation hole formed in the lid main body later by fitting or the like. The latter configuration has the advantage that it can be easily attached to the lid of an already installed manhole and the existing lid of the manhole can be used as it is.
【００１５】[0015]
【作用】第１発明のマンホールの蓋では、通気孔内又は
通気孔の開口に対向する位置には少なくとも一部に連続
気泡をもち水を可逆的に吸収・放出可能な発泡樹脂部材
が配置されている。この発泡樹脂部材に雨水などが接触
すると、連続気泡の表面積は極めて大きいので、発泡樹
脂部材は雨水を速やかに吸水して膨潤し、膨張により通
気孔を速やかに閉口して雨水の流入を防止する。In the manhole cover of the first aspect of the present invention, a foamed resin member having open cells at least partially and capable of reversibly absorbing / releasing water is arranged in the vent hole or at a position facing the opening of the vent hole. ing. When rainwater or the like comes into contact with the foamed resin member, the surface area of the open cells is extremely large. Therefore, the foamed resin member quickly absorbs rainwater and swells, and the expansion quickly closes the ventilation hole to prevent inflow of rainwater. .
【００１６】また雨がやむと、吸水されている水分は表
面積の大きな連続気泡部分から優先的に大気中へ速やか
に放出される。したがって発泡樹脂部材は水分の放出に
より速やかに収縮し、通気孔が開口するのでマンホール
内のガスを逃がすことができる。第２発明では、樹脂部
材の表面に樹脂部材の通気孔の径を縮小する方向以外の
方向への膨張を規制する規制部材が設けられている。こ
れにより吸水時には、樹脂部材は通気孔を塞ぐ一方向へ
選択的に膨張するので、閉口までの時間が短縮されマン
ホール内へ流入する水量を一層少なくすることが可能と
なる。When the rain stops, the absorbed water is promptly released into the atmosphere preferentially from the open-cell portion having a large surface area. Therefore, the foamed resin member quickly contracts due to the release of water, and the vent hole opens, so that the gas in the manhole can escape. In the second aspect of the present invention, the regulation member that regulates expansion in a direction other than the direction in which the diameter of the vent hole of the resin member is reduced is provided on the surface of the resin member. As a result, at the time of absorbing water, the resin member selectively expands in one direction that closes the vent hole, so that the time until closing is shortened and the amount of water flowing into the manhole can be further reduced.
【００１７】また規制部材を水分の通過可能な多孔質体
などから形成すれば、樹脂部材と雨水又は大気との接触
が妨げられないので、吸水による閉口速度が一層大きく
なるとともに、水の放出による開口速度も大きくするこ
とができる。なお、樹脂部材を第１発明にいう発泡樹脂
部材から構成すれば、閉口及び開口までの時間を一層短
縮することができる。Further, if the regulating member is formed of a porous material through which moisture can pass, the contact between the resin member and rainwater or the atmosphere is not hindered, so that the closing speed by water absorption is further increased and water is released. The opening speed can also be increased. If the resin member is made of the foamed resin member according to the first aspect of the present invention, the time required for closing and opening can be further shortened.
【００１８】第３発明では、樹脂部材は複数の針状突起
から構成されている。したがって表面積が極めて大きい
ので、吸水速度及び水の放出速度が大きく閉口及び開口
までの時間が短縮される。また針状突起の上に石などが
乗った場合には、針状突起が撓んで弾性変形することに
より石はマンホール内に落下し、砂などの細かな異物は
針状突起どうしの間の隙間からマンホール内に落下する
ので、通気孔の閉塞を防止することができる。In the third invention, the resin member is composed of a plurality of needle-like protrusions. Therefore, since the surface area is extremely large, the water absorption rate and the water release rate are large, and the time required for closing and opening is shortened. Also, if a stone, etc., rides on the needle-shaped protrusions, the needle-shaped protrusions bend and elastically deform, causing the stones to fall into the manhole, and small foreign matter such as sand will leave a gap between the needle-shaped protrusions. Since it falls into the manhole from above, it is possible to prevent the ventilation hole from being blocked.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例】以下、実施例により具体的に説明する。 （実施例１）図１に本発明の一実施例のマンホールの蓋
の平面図を、図２にその要部拡大平面図を、さらに図３
にその要部拡大断面図を示す。このマンホールの蓋は、
鉄製で円盤状の蓋本体１と、蓋本体１に設けられた一対
の通気孔１０にそれぞれ保持された樹脂部材２とから構
成されている。EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a plan view of a manhole cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
An enlarged sectional view of the main part is shown in FIG. This manhole cover is
The cover body 1 is made of iron and has a disk shape, and the resin member 2 is held in a pair of vent holes 10 provided in the lid body 1.
【００２０】蓋本体１は鉄製であり、φ７００ｍｍ、厚
さ１２ｍｍの円盤状に形成されている。この蓋本体１に
は、幅１０ｍｍ、長さ４５ｍｍの長穴の中央にφ１５ｍ
ｍの円形の穴をもつ形状の通気孔１０が一対形成され、
それぞれ一つの直径上に対称に配置されている。この通
気孔１０は、表面から裏面に向かうにつれて径が広がる
ように内周表面がテーパ形状となっている。The lid body 1 is made of iron and is formed in a disk shape having a diameter of 700 mm and a thickness of 12 mm. The lid body 1 has a width of 10 mm and a length of 45 mm in the center of a long hole of φ15 m.
A pair of vent holes 10 each having a circular hole of m are formed,
Each is symmetrically arranged on one diameter. The vent hole 10 has a tapered inner peripheral surface so that the diameter thereof increases from the front surface to the back surface.
【００２１】樹脂部材２は、スチレン・イソプレン・ス
チレン樹脂（「クインタック３４２２」日本ゼオン社
製）１００重量部と、吸水性樹脂（「ＫＩゲル ２０１
Ｋ−Ｆ２」クラレイソプレンケミカル（株）製）１００
重量部、界面活性剤（「ノイゲンＥＴ−１０２」第一工
業製薬（株）製）３重量部を、２軸押出機にて混練し発
泡成形により形成されたものであり、全体が連続気泡か
ら形成されている。The resin member 2 comprises 100 parts by weight of styrene-isoprene-styrene resin ("Quintac 3422" manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) and water-absorbing resin ("KI Gel 201").
K-F2 "manufactured by Kuraray Isoprene Chemical Co., Ltd. 100
3 parts by weight of a surfactant (“Neugen ET-102” manufactured by Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) are kneaded by a twin-screw extruder and formed by foam molding. Has been formed.
【００２２】この樹脂部材２は通気孔１０の形状に対応
した形状であり、厚さ方向に貫通するφ５ｍｍの貫通孔
２０が長手方向に５個列設されている。そして表面側に
は外周方向へ突出するリング状のフランジ部２１が形成
されている。このように構成された本発明のマンホール
の蓋では、通常時は貫通孔２０及び図示しない連続気泡
が開口しているため、汚水から発生するガスは樹脂部材
２を通過して外部へ排出される。そして雨天時などに
は、雨水が樹脂部材２に接触すると雨水は連続気泡内で
速やかに吸水されるため、樹脂部材２は速やかに膨潤す
る。しかも外周部は通気孔１０により膨張の変形が規制
されているため、吸水による膨張は貫通孔２０を狭める
変形に集中する。その結果、貫通孔２０が閉口し雨水な
どが貫通孔２０からマンホール内へ流入するのが阻止さ
れる。The resin member 2 has a shape corresponding to the shape of the vent hole 10, and five through holes 20 of φ5 mm penetrating in the thickness direction are arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction. A ring-shaped flange portion 21 that protrudes in the outer peripheral direction is formed on the front surface side. In the manhole cover of the present invention configured as described above, the through hole 20 and open cells (not shown) are normally opened, so that the gas generated from the sewage passes through the resin member 2 and is discharged to the outside. . When the rainwater comes into contact with the resin member 2 in rainy weather or the like, the rainwater is quickly absorbed in the continuous bubbles, so that the resin member 2 swells quickly. Moreover, since the outer peripheral portion is restricted from being deformed by the ventilation hole 10, the expansion caused by water absorption is concentrated on the deformation that narrows the through hole 20. As a result, the through hole 20 is closed and rainwater or the like is prevented from flowing into the manhole from the through hole 20.
【００２３】そして雨がやみ樹脂部材２と水との接触が
断たれると、樹脂部材２は大気との接触面積の大きな連
続気泡表面から含まれる水の放出を開始し、含水量の低
減に伴って貫通孔２０は再び開口するため、マンホール
中のガスを排出することが可能となる。 （実施例２）本実施例は、貫通孔２０の直径をφ３ｍｍ
とし、実施例１と同様の樹脂部材２に１５個設けたこと
以外は実施例１と同様の構成である。つまり、貫通孔２
０の開口面積の合計は実施例１のそれとほぼ同等である
が、開口周長の合計は実施例１の１．８倍となってい
る。 （実施例３）図４に示す本実施例のマンホールの蓋は、
蓋本体１の通気孔１０に吸水部材３が突起３０の係合に
より保持されている。この吸水部材３は、実施例２と同
材質で同形状の樹脂部材３１と、樹脂部材３１の周囲を
覆う樹脂製の規制部材３２とから構成され、樹脂部材３
１と規制部材３２には表裏を貫通する貫通孔３３を有し
ている。また規制部材３２には、樹脂部材３１表面に達
する多数の小径の透孔３４が設けられ、水及び大気が透
孔３４を介して樹脂部材３１表面に接触可能とされてい
る。この規制部材３２は、水で膨潤しない熱可塑性樹脂
から形成されている。When the rain stops and the contact between the resin member 2 and the water is cut off, the resin member 2 starts to release the water contained from the surface of the open cells having a large contact area with the atmosphere to reduce the water content. Accordingly, the through hole 20 is opened again, so that the gas in the manhole can be discharged. (Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, the diameter of the through hole 20 is φ3 mm.
The configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment except that 15 resin members 2 similar to those of the first embodiment are provided. That is, the through hole 2
The total opening area of 0 is almost the same as that of the first embodiment, but the total opening peripheral length is 1.8 times that of the first embodiment. (Embodiment 3) The manhole cover of this embodiment shown in FIG.
The water absorbing member 3 is held in the vent hole 10 of the lid body 1 by the engagement of the protrusion 30. The water absorbing member 3 includes a resin member 31 of the same material and having the same shape as that of the second embodiment, and a resin regulation member 32 that covers the periphery of the resin member 31.
1 and the regulating member 32 have through holes 33 penetrating through the front and back. Further, the regulation member 32 is provided with a large number of small-diameter through holes 34 reaching the surface of the resin member 31, and water and the atmosphere can come into contact with the surface of the resin member 31 through the through holes 34. The regulation member 32 is formed of a thermoplastic resin that does not swell with water.
【００２４】本実施例のマンホールの蓋では、強度に弱
く水を吸収した状態では一層強度が弱くなる樹脂部材３
１を規制部材３２が補強している。また樹脂部材３１
は、規制部材３２の存在により外形の変形が規制され、
吸水による膨張は全て貫通孔３３を狭める方向の膨張と
なるように構成されている。 （試験例）上記した３種類のマンホールの蓋本体１を、
それぞれ図５に示す底部に穴４０をもつ容器状の試験装
置４の底部に配置し、容器４内に水が絶えず充満した状
態として、貫通孔２０，３３からの水の初期流量と水の
流出が停止するまでの所要時間を測定した。結果を表１
に示す。In the manhole cover of this embodiment, the resin member 3 is weak in strength and weaker in the state of absorbing water.
The restriction member 32 reinforces 1. In addition, the resin member 31
The deformation of the outer shape is restricted by the existence of the restriction member 32,
The expansion due to absorption of water is configured so as to expand in the direction of narrowing the through hole 33. (Test example) The above-mentioned three types of manhole cover bodies 1
Each of them is arranged at the bottom of a container-shaped test device 4 having a hole 40 at the bottom shown in FIG. 5, and the initial flow rate of water and the outflow of water from the through holes 20 and 33 are set with the water constantly filling the container 4. The time required to stop was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
Shown in.
【００２５】[0025]
【表１】 表１より、実施例２のマンホールの蓋は貫通孔２０の径
が小さく、しかも水との接触面積が大きいため実施例１
に比べて止水までの所要時間が短縮されている。また実
施例３の蓋では、樹脂部材３１の膨張方向が規制部材３
２で規制されているために、樹脂部材３１の膨張は貫通
孔３３を縮径させる変形に集中し、その結果実施例２に
比べて止水までの所要時間がさらに短縮されている。 （実施例４）図６及び図７に第４の実施例のマンホール
の蓋を示す。本実施例では、蓋本体１は直径φ１４の円
形の通気孔１０を複数個もち、通気孔１０内には高吸水
性樹脂から形成された略筒状の樹脂部材５が嵌合されて
いる。[Table 1] From Table 1, the manhole cover of Example 2 has a small diameter of the through hole 20 and a large contact area with water.
Compared to, the time required to stop water is shortened. Further, in the lid of the third embodiment, the expansion direction of the resin member 31 is restricted by the regulating member 3.
Since it is regulated by 2, the expansion of the resin member 31 concentrates on the deformation that reduces the diameter of the through hole 33, and as a result, the time required to stop the water is further shortened as compared with the second embodiment. (Embodiment 4) FIGS. 6 and 7 show a manhole cover of a fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, the lid body 1 has a plurality of circular ventilation holes 10 having a diameter of φ14, and a substantially cylindrical resin member 5 made of a highly water-absorbent resin is fitted in the ventilation holes 10.
【００２６】樹脂部材５は、筒部５０と、筒部５０の上
側内周から径方向内方に突出する複数の針状突起５１
と、筒部５０の下側内周から径方向内方に突出する複数
の針状突起５２とから構成されている。針状突起５１，
５２はそれぞれ円錐形状をなし、針状突起５１と針状突
起５２は平面視で互いに重ならない位置に形成されてい
る。The resin member 5 includes a tubular portion 50 and a plurality of needle-like protrusions 51 that project radially inward from the upper inner periphery of the tubular portion 50.
And a plurality of needle-like protrusions 52 projecting radially inward from the lower inner circumference of the tubular portion 50. Needle-like protrusions 51,
Reference numerals 52 each have a conical shape, and the needle-like protrusions 51 and the needle-like protrusions 52 are formed at positions where they do not overlap each other in a plan view.
【００２７】本実施例では、針状突起５１と針状突起５
２はそれぞれ重ならない位置に形成されているため、雨
水は全ての針状突起に均一に接触し針状突起５１，５２
は吸水して膨張する。そして膨張により上下左右で近接
する針状突起５１，５２が当接しあい、通気孔１０は閉
口される。また雨がやむと針状突起５１，５２はその表
面積の大きいことにより速やかに水分を放出して収縮
し、通気孔１０を開口する。そして石などが針状突起５
１，５２の上に乗った場合には、針状突起５１，５２は
下方へ撓むため石はマンホール中に落下し、砂などの細
かい異物は針状突起５１，５２の間から落下する。した
がって通気孔１０が異物で閉塞されるのが防止されてい
るので、マンホール中のガスの放出は針状突起５１，５
２の間から円滑に行われる。In this embodiment, the needle-like protrusions 51 and the needle-like protrusions 5 are provided.
Since the two are formed at positions where they do not overlap, rainwater uniformly contacts all the needle-like protrusions and the needle-like protrusions 51, 52 are formed.
Absorbs water and expands. Then, due to the expansion, the needle-like protrusions 51 and 52 that are close to each other in the vertical and horizontal directions come into contact with each other, and the vent hole 10 is closed. Further, when the rain stops, the needle-like protrusions 51 and 52 quickly release water and contract due to their large surface area, and the vent holes 10 are opened. And stones are needle-shaped projections 5.
When the needle-like projections 51 and 52 are placed on the needles 1, 52, the stones fall into the manhole because the needle-like projections 51 and 52 bend downward, and fine foreign matters such as sand fall from between the needle-like projections 51 and 52. Therefore, since the vent hole 10 is prevented from being blocked by foreign matter, the gas in the manhole is released by the needle-like protrusions 51, 5
It will take place smoothly between the two.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】すなわち本発明のマンホールの蓋によれ
ば、雨天時などには通気孔が速やかに閉口するため雨水
などが汚水に流入するのが確実に防止され、汚水量の増
大による処理装置への負担や処理費用の増大が防止され
る。そして雨がやむと通気孔は速やかに開口するため、
マンホール内のガスを円滑に排出することができる。In other words, according to the manhole cover of the present invention, the vent hole is closed promptly in rainy weather, so that rainwater and the like are surely prevented from flowing into the sewage, and the treatment device by increasing the amount of sewage. The burden on the user and the increase in processing costs are prevented. And when the rain stops, the ventilation holes open quickly,
The gas in the manhole can be discharged smoothly.
【００２９】また樹脂部材の吸水・放出による体積変化
は充分大きいため、通気孔の孔径を充分大きくすること
ができ、砂や埃などによる通気孔の閉塞なくガスを円滑
に排出することができる。Further, since the volume change due to water absorption / release of the resin member is sufficiently large, the hole diameter of the vent hole can be made sufficiently large, and the gas can be smoothly discharged without clogging the vent hole with sand or dust.
【図１】本発明の一実施例のマンホールの蓋の平面図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a plan view of a manhole cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の一実施例のマンホールの蓋の要部拡大
平面図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of a main part of a manhole cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】図２のＡ−Ａ断面図である。3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
【図４】本発明の第３の実施例のマンホールの蓋の図３
相当の断面図である。FIG. 4 is a view of the manhole cover of the third embodiment of the present invention.
It is a considerable sectional view.
【図５】止水までの所要時間の測定に用いた試験装置の
断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a test apparatus used for measuring a time required until stopping water.
【図６】本発明の第４の実施例のマンホールの蓋の要部
平面図である。FIG. 6 is a plan view of a main part of a manhole cover according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】第４の実施例のマンホールの蓋を示し、図６の
Ｂ−Ｂ断面相当の断面図である。7 is a sectional view showing a manhole cover of a fourth embodiment and corresponding to a BB section in FIG. 6. FIG.
１：蓋本体 ２，５，３１：樹脂部材 １
０：通気孔 ２０，３３：貫通孔 ３２：規制部材
５１，５２：針状突起1: Lid body 2, 5, 31: Resin member 1
0: Vent hole 20, 33: Through hole 32: Control member
51, 52: Needle-like protrusions
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (71)出願人 000219668 東海化成工業株式会社 愛知県小牧市大字北外山字下小管4203番地 の１ (72)発明者 中村 勝巳 東京都世田谷区上用賀１−７−３ 管清工 業株式会社内 (72)発明者 加藤 佳喜 東京都中央区日本橋本町３−３−６ 日曹 商事株式会社内 (72)発明者 宇田 信也 愛知県小牧市大字北外山字哥津3600 東海 ゴム工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 高橋 修一 愛知県小牧市大字北外山字下小管4203−１ 番地 東海化成工業株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (71) Applicant 000219668 Tokai Kasei Co., Ltd. Komaki City, Aichi Prefecture 1-chome, 4203, Shimokodashi, Kita-Toyama Yamagata (72) Inventor Katsumi Nakamura 1-7-3 Kamigaga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo Kansei Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshiki Kato 3-3-6 Nihonbashi Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Within Nisso Shoji Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shinya Uda 3600 Yaotsu, Kojitoyama, Komaki City, Aichi Prefecture (72) Inventor Shuichi Takahashi, Komaki City, Aichi Prefecture
Claims (3)
のマンホールの蓋において、 該通気孔内又は該通気孔の開口に対向する位置には、少
なくとも一部に連続気泡をもち水を可逆的に吸収・放出
可能な発泡樹脂部材が配置され、該通気孔は乾燥時に開
口し雨天時などには該発泡樹脂部材の吸水による膨潤で
閉口するように構成されたことを特徴とするマンホール
の蓋。1. A lid of a substantially plate-shaped manhole having a ventilation hole penetrating in the thickness direction, wherein at least a part of the manhole cover has continuous cells and water at a position facing the opening of the ventilation hole. A foamed resin member capable of reversibly absorbing and releasing water is arranged, and the ventilation hole is configured to be opened during drying and to be closed by swelling due to water absorption of the foaming resin member during rainy weather. Manhole cover.
のマンホールの蓋において、 該通気孔内又は該通気孔の開口に対向する位置に設けら
れ水を可逆的に吸収・放出可能な樹脂部材と、該樹脂部
材の表面に設けられ該樹脂部材の該通気孔の径を縮小す
る方向以外の方向への膨張を規制する規制部材とをも
ち、該通気孔は乾燥時に開口し雨天時などには該樹脂部
材の吸水による膨潤で閉口するように構成されたことを
特徴とするマンホールの蓋。2. A lid of a substantially plate-shaped manhole having a ventilation hole penetrating in the thickness direction, which is provided in the ventilation hole or at a position facing the opening of the ventilation hole and can reversibly absorb and release water. A resin member and a restricting member that is provided on the surface of the resin member and restricts expansion of the resin member in a direction other than a direction in which the diameter of the vent hole is reduced. A lid for a manhole, which is configured to be closed by swelling due to water absorption of the resin member at times.
のマンホールの蓋において、 該通気孔内又は該通気孔の開口に対向する位置には、水
を可逆的に吸収・放出可能な樹脂から形成され径方向内
方へ向かって突出する複数の針状突起をもち、該通気孔
は乾燥時に開口し雨天時などには該針状突起の吸水によ
る膨潤で閉口するように構成されたことを特徴とするマ
ンホールの蓋。3. A lid of a substantially plate-shaped manhole having a ventilation hole penetrating in the thickness direction, capable of reversibly absorbing and releasing water in the ventilation hole or at a position facing the opening of the ventilation hole. It has a plurality of needle-like protrusions formed of a resin and protruding inward in the radial direction.The vent holes are configured to open during drying and to close due to swelling due to water absorption of the needle-like protrusions during rainy weather. A manhole cover that is characterized by that.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5302996A JPH07158098A (en) | 1993-12-02 | 1993-12-02 | Manhole cover |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5302996A JPH07158098A (en) | 1993-12-02 | 1993-12-02 | Manhole cover |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07158098A true JPH07158098A (en) | 1995-06-20 |
Family
ID=17915683
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5302996A Pending JPH07158098A (en) | 1993-12-02 | 1993-12-02 | Manhole cover |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07158098A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120142266A1 (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-06-07 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Ventilator units, methods for providing ventilation in response to humidity levels, and wall units |
-
1993
- 1993-12-02 JP JP5302996A patent/JPH07158098A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120142266A1 (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-06-07 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Ventilator units, methods for providing ventilation in response to humidity levels, and wall units |
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