JPH07147843A - Solid composition for improving quality and promoting growth of fruit - Google Patents
Solid composition for improving quality and promoting growth of fruitInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07147843A JPH07147843A JP5326053A JP32605393A JPH07147843A JP H07147843 A JPH07147843 A JP H07147843A JP 5326053 A JP5326053 A JP 5326053A JP 32605393 A JP32605393 A JP 32605393A JP H07147843 A JPH07147843 A JP H07147843A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- soluble
- rutin
- fruit
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ルチンを有効成分とし
て含有する果実の品質向上および生育促進組成物に関す
る。さらに詳しくいえば、果実の生育促進作用を有する
水に難溶性のルチンを使用時に散布しやすい液剤に容易
に誘導することができ、果実に散布されたルチンの果皮
表面への付着性が良好でその効力が持続し、果実の品質
向上に有効な固体状の組成物に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fruit quality improving and growth promoting composition containing rutin as an active ingredient. More specifically, it is possible to easily induce water-insoluble rutin, which has a fruit growth promoting action, into a liquid agent that is easily sprayed when used, and the adhesion of rutin sprayed on the fruit to the skin surface is good. The present invention relates to a solid composition which maintains its efficacy and is effective in improving the quality of fruits.
【0002】[0002]
【従来技術とその問題点】ナシ等の果樹に薬剤あるいは
肥料の水溶液を散布した場合、果面に作用した含有成分
の垂れ等により収穫時の果面に縦縞模様の傷害(以下、
当業界の慣用に従い単に「縦縞」という。)が発生す
る。薬剤中に添加される界面活性剤も縦縞の原因物質と
して挙げられているが、その詳細は未だ明らかではな
い。[Prior art and its problems] When an aqueous solution of a chemical or a fertilizer is sprayed on fruit trees such as pears, vertical stripe pattern damage (hereinafter,
It is simply called "vertical stripe" according to the customary practice in the art. ) Occurs. The surfactant added to the drug is also listed as a causative agent of vertical stripes, but the details are not yet clear.
【0003】最近、水溶性固着性ポリマーを薬液中に添
加して散布を行なうと、ポリマーが果皮のコルク化を促
進し、縦縞の発生を防止ないし抑制するとの報告がなさ
れている(平成2年度版、福島県果樹試験場業務報
告)。同報告によれば、ポリオキシエチレングリコール
アルキルエーテル等をデラン水和剤に添加してナシに散
布すると、縦縞のほとんど見られない外観良好な果実が
得られる。上記方法は、簡便で成績も良好なことから、
他の種々の活性物質ないし肥料に応用することにより縦
縞発生の少ない実用性の高い組成物が得られるものと期
待される。植物の生育促進作用を有することが知られて
いるルチン、およびマンガン、ほう素などの微量要素(m
icronutrient) との混合物(特公昭49-31789号、特開昭
55-64504号公報等参照。)もかかる応用が期待される配
合肥料組成物である。Recently, it has been reported that when a water-soluble adhesive polymer is added to a chemical solution and sprayed, the polymer promotes cork formation of the peel and prevents or suppresses the generation of vertical stripes (1990). Edition, Fukushima Fruit Tree Experiment Station Business Report). According to the report, when polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ether or the like is added to a delan wettable powder and sprayed on pears, fruits with a good appearance with almost no vertical stripes are obtained. Since the above method is simple and has good results,
By applying it to various other active substances or fertilizers, it is expected that a highly practical composition with less vertical stripes can be obtained. Rutin, which is known to have a plant growth-promoting effect, and trace elements such as manganese and boron (m
mixture with icronutrient) (Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-31789)
See Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-64504. ) Is also a compounded fertilizer composition that is expected to have such applications.
【0004】ところが、ルチンは水に難溶性であるた
め、使用に際しては実際上大きな制約がある。すなわ
ち、植物の生育促進剤・生育調節剤として用いる場合、
適当な濃度で広く散布し植物体に吸収し易くするために
は、ルチンを水溶化して水溶解希釈液とするのが望まし
いが、水に難溶であるルチンを水溶液化にするには散布
前の準備に多大の手間と時間を要することになる。この
ため、市販品においては、ホウ砂との混溶によりルチン
−ホウ素錯体を形成してルチンを溶解せしめ、液体製剤
として需要者に提供されている。ところが、液体製剤
は、低温条件下に保存すると凍結膨張して容器を破損す
るため寒冷地での利用には不便である。また、高濃度の
液体製剤とすることができないため、輸送コストや保存
スペースが大きく不経済である。さらに、長期保存する
場合、ルチンの沈殿が生成・肥大化して薬剤としての効
果が低下する。こうした問題点を解消するための方策は
使用時に容易に水に溶解希釈し得る固体製剤を開発する
ことに尽きるが、そのためにはルチンを水に溶解性の形
態に誘導する必要がある。However, since rutin is poorly soluble in water, there are practical practical restrictions on its use. That is, when used as a plant growth promoter / growth regulator,
It is desirable to solubilize rutin into a water-soluble diluted solution in order to spread it widely at an appropriate concentration so that it can be absorbed easily by plants, but it is necessary to disperse rutin, which is poorly soluble in water, into an aqueous solution before spraying. It takes a lot of trouble and time to prepare. For this reason, commercially available products are provided as liquid preparations to consumers by mixing them with borax to form a rutin-boron complex to dissolve rutin. However, the liquid formulation is inconvenient for use in cold regions because it freezes and expands when stored under low temperature conditions and damages the container. In addition, since it is not possible to prepare a high-concentration liquid formulation, transportation costs and storage space are large, which is uneconomical. Furthermore, when it is stored for a long period of time, the precipitation of rutin is generated and enlarged, and the effect as a drug is reduced. The only solution to this problem is to develop a solid formulation that can be easily dissolved and diluted in water at the time of use, which requires the induction of rutin into a water-soluble form.
【0005】このような状況において、従来、種々の方
法によりルチンの易溶化が試みられてきた。例えば、特
公昭25-1677 号には脂肪族アミンを添加する方法が記載
されており、特公昭26-2724 号にはモノハロゲノ酢酸を
作用させる方法、特公昭29-1285 号にはロンガリットを
作用させて亜硫酸化合物とする方法が記載されている。
また、上記特公昭49-31789号では、まずアンモニア水に
溶解し、その後、水で希釈する方法が記載されている。
さらに、特公昭54-32073号および特開平1-213293号に
は、ルチンにデンプンまたはその加水分解物を添加しグ
ルカノトランスフェラーゼの作用によってルチノース残
基にグルコース残基を転移させて水溶化を図る方法が記
載されている。Under these circumstances, it has been attempted to make rutin easily soluble by various methods. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 25-1677 describes a method of adding an aliphatic amine, Japanese Patent Publication No. 26-2724 makes a monohalogenoacetic acid act, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 29-1285 makes a Rongalit act. A method of converting to a sulfite compound is described.
Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-31789 describes a method of first dissolving in aqueous ammonia and then diluting with water.
Furthermore, in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 54-32073 and JP-A 1-213293, starch or a hydrolyzate thereof is added to rutin, and a glucose residue is transferred to a rutinose residue by the action of glucanotransferase to achieve water solubility. The method is described.
【0006】しかし、アミン等を添加する方法ではかか
る添加剤が薬剤の毒性や活性に影響を及ぼす場合があり
好ましくない。アンモニア水に溶解する方法は、農家に
おいてこの方法を行なう場合には作業者にとって操作の
手間や操作時の悪臭が不都合である。また、この方法で
液体製剤として供給する場合でも、冬季の凍結や長期保
存による沈殿析出の問題が残る。特にマンガン等の微量
要素(micronutrient)を含有する場合にはルチンとのキ
レートが生成し、不溶性の沈殿を生じたり、ルチンの酸
化分解を引き起こすという問題もある。さらに、トラン
スフェラーゼを使用する方法は、処理にかかるコストが
大きく農園芸用組成物の製造には実際上適さない。な
お、従来の液体製剤の製造原料であるルチンとホウ砂の
混合物をそのまま固体製剤として提供することも考えら
れ、特公昭49-31789号公報にはそのような製剤例の記載
がある。しかし、この場合、最終的に得られる溶液中の
ルチン濃度は高いものの、ルチンーホウ素が錯体を形成
して溶解・安定するまでには長時間の撹拌が必要であ
り、需要者方において実施する場合には設備や手間の負
担が大きく実際的でない。However, the method of adding an amine or the like is not preferable because such an additive may affect the toxicity or activity of the drug. The method of dissolving in ammonia water is inconvenient for a worker when performing this method at a farmer because of troublesome operation and bad odor during operation. Further, even when it is supplied as a liquid preparation by this method, the problem of precipitation due to freezing in winter and long-term storage remains. In particular, when a trace element (micronutrient) such as manganese is contained, there is a problem that a chelate with rutin is formed, an insoluble precipitate is generated, and rutin is oxidatively decomposed. In addition, the method using transferase is not suitable for the production of agricultural and horticultural compositions due to the high processing cost. It is also possible to provide a mixture of rutin and borax, which is a raw material for producing a conventional liquid preparation, as it is as a solid preparation, and JP-B-49-31789 describes such a preparation example. However, in this case, although the concentration of rutin in the finally obtained solution is high, a long period of stirring is required until rutin-boron forms a complex and dissolves and stabilizes. Is not practical because it requires a lot of equipment and labor.
【0007】さらに、上記公報に記載されているような
マンガン、ほう素などの微量要素からなる液体製剤で
は、これに果実のコルク化を促進する水溶性(固着性)
ポリマーを混溶すると、微量要素成分であるホウ砂と水
溶性固着性ポリマーが反応し、水溶液のゲル化をもたら
す。この結果、ルチン−微量要素を実用的濃度とする
と、保存中に粘度が増大し、十分な流動性のある製剤、
すなわち、使用時容易に水で希釈できる製剤が提供でき
ない。流動性を高めるためには成分濃度を低くすればよ
いが、有効成分単位量当たりの物流コストが過大となり
実際的でない。[0007] Furthermore, in the liquid preparation comprising trace elements such as manganese and boron as described in the above publication, water-soluble (adhesiveness) which promotes cork formation of fruits is added to the liquid preparation.
When the polymer is mixed, the borax, which is a trace element component, reacts with the water-soluble adhesive polymer to cause gelation of the aqueous solution. As a result, at a practical concentration of rutin-trace element, the viscosity increases during storage, a formulation with sufficient fluidity,
That is, it is not possible to provide a formulation that can be easily diluted with water when used. In order to increase the fluidity, it is sufficient to lower the component concentration, but this is not practical because the distribution cost per unit amount of the active ingredient becomes excessive.
【0008】[0008]
【解決しようとする課題】従って、本発明の課題は、保
存状態では水溶性固着性ポリマーとホウ素との反応によ
るゲル化が起こらず、使用時には容易に水に溶解せしめ
ることができ、縦縞の発生等果実の品質に悪影響を及ぼ
すことがない、固体状のルチン製剤を提供することにあ
る。Therefore, the object of the present invention is to prevent gelation due to the reaction between the water-soluble adhesive polymer and boron in the storage state, and to easily dissolve it in water at the time of use, thereby producing vertical stripes. An object of the present invention is to provide a solid rutin preparation that does not adversely affect the quality of the fruit.
【0009】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、従来のル
チン含有製剤の問題点を解消すべく、ルチン−ホウ砂含
有製剤の改良を試み、従来の液体製剤中で生成・存在し
ていると考えられるルチン−ホウ素錯体の安定性および
水溶性について検討した。この結果、かかるルチン−ホ
ウ素錯体は、水分を除去しても長期間安定な粉末として
得られ、水溶性固着性ポリマーと混合してもゲル化増粘
の問題を引き起こさずに保存・輸送ができること、しか
もこの混合物は水溶性が高いことを確認し、本発明を完
成するに至った。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the problems of the conventional rutin-containing preparations, the present inventors have attempted to improve the rutin-borax-containing preparation, and have been produced and exist in the conventional liquid preparation. The stability and water solubility of the rutin-boron complex, which is considered to be present, were investigated. As a result, such a rutin-boron complex can be obtained as a powder that is stable for a long period of time even if water is removed, and can be stored and transported without causing a problem of gelation thickening even when mixed with a water-soluble adhesive polymer. Moreover, it was confirmed that this mixture had high water solubility, and the present invention was completed.
【0010】[0010]
【発明の構成】すなわち、本発明は 1)粉末化したルチン−ホウ素錯体と水溶性固着性ポリ
マーを含有することを特徴とする果実の品質向上および
生育促進固体組成物、 2)粉末化したルチン−ホウ素錯体と水溶性固着性ポリ
マーと水溶性肥料および/または水溶性糖類とを含有す
ることを特徴とする果実の品質向上および生育促進固体
組成物、 3)粉末化したルチン−ホウ素錯体(A)と水溶性固着
性ポリマー(B)と水溶性肥料および/または水溶性糖
類および/または水溶性塩類(C)との配合割合は、
(A)が1〜60重量%、(B)が5〜30重量%、
(C)が10〜94重量%である前記2に記載の果実の
品質向上および生育固体促進組成物、および 4)さらに界面活性剤および/または水溶性塩類(D)
を組成物の総量中10重量%まで含有する前記3に記載
の果実の品質向上および生育促進固体組成物、を提供す
るものである。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION According to the present invention, 1) a solid composition for improving fruit quality and promoting growth, which comprises a powdered rutin-boron complex and a water-soluble adhesive polymer, 2) powdered rutin A solid composition for improving fruit quality and promoting growth, which comprises a boron complex, a water-soluble sticky polymer, a water-soluble fertilizer and / or a water-soluble saccharide, 3) a powdered rutin-boron complex (A) ), The water-soluble adhesive polymer (B), the water-soluble fertilizer and / or the water-soluble saccharide and / or the water-soluble salt (C),
(A) is 1 to 60% by weight, (B) is 5 to 30% by weight,
(C) 10 to 94% by weight, the composition for improving fruit quality and solidifying growth, and 4) further surfactant and / or water-soluble salt (D)
A solid composition for improving fruit quality and promoting growth according to 3 above, which comprises up to 10% by weight of the total amount of the composition.
【0011】本発明のルチン−ホウ素錯体粉末(以下、
「水溶化ルチン」という)の製造のためには、まず、ホ
ウ砂水溶液に撹拌しながらルチンを添加し、ルチンの全
量を溶解させる。ルチンが溶解して錯体を形成するまで
には長時間を要するが、肥料生産のための通常の設備を
有する工場では、自動運転等により比較的容易に行なう
ことができる。ルチンはホウ砂に対しモル比で1以下の
量を用いる。ルチンが過剰であるとその全量が錯体とな
らないため、次工程の蒸発乾固の際に難溶性ルチンが析
出する。錯体は1:1で形成されるものと考えられるた
め、ホウ砂過剰では錯体を形成していないホウ砂が混在
することになるが、ホウ砂はそれ自体が肥料分であるた
め、特に添加量を制限する必要がない限り問題ない。溶
解をより容易にするため、水溶液を常温以上沸点以下、
好ましくは50℃〜90℃に加熱してルチンを添加する
ことが好ましい。溶解に要する時間は、目的とするルチ
ン濃度、溶解槽の性能にもよるが、通常、30分〜1時
間程度である。The rutin-boron complex powder of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as
For production of "water-solubilized rutin"), rutin is first added to an aqueous solution of borax with stirring to dissolve the entire amount of rutin. It takes a long time for rutin to dissolve to form a complex, but in a factory having a normal facility for fertilizer production, it can be relatively easily performed by automatic operation or the like. Rutin is used in an amount of 1 or less in molar ratio with respect to borax. If the amount of rutin is excessive, the total amount of rutin does not form a complex, so that the sparingly soluble rutin is deposited during evaporation to dryness in the next step. Since the complex is considered to be formed at a ratio of 1: 1, borax that does not form a complex will be mixed if borax is in excess, but borax itself is a fertilizer component, so the amount added is particularly high. No problem unless you need to limit. In order to make dissolution easier, the aqueous solution should be above room temperature and below boiling point,
It is preferable to add rutin by heating to 50 ° C to 90 ° C. The time required for dissolution depends on the target rutin concentration and the performance of the dissolution tank, but is usually about 30 minutes to 1 hour.
【0012】本発明で用いる水溶化ルチンは、上記の溶
解工程に続いて水分を蒸発させることにより得られる。
蒸発乾固は、熱風乾燥、真空乾燥、凍結乾燥または噴霧
乾燥など、既知の任意の方法を用いることができる。比
較的低温での噴霧乾燥または凍結乾燥が好ましい。噴霧
乾燥によれば微細な粉末を得ることができる。また、比
較的低温、好ましくは60℃以下の真空ないし減圧乾燥
あるいは凍結乾燥で錯体が安定に析出する。The water-solubilized rutin used in the present invention can be obtained by evaporating water following the above-mentioned dissolution step.
For evaporation to dryness, any known method such as hot air drying, vacuum drying, freeze drying or spray drying can be used. Spray drying or freeze drying at relatively low temperatures is preferred. Fine powder can be obtained by spray drying. Further, the complex is stably precipitated at a relatively low temperature, preferably 60 ° C. or lower vacuum or reduced pressure drying or freeze drying.
【0013】製剤化は、水溶化ルチンに、水溶性固着性
ポリマー、および水溶性肥料成分、水溶性糖類、さらに
必要に応じ水溶性塩類、粉状の界面活性剤等の補助剤を
粉体混合し、慣用の粉砕手段、例えば、ハンマーミル、
ピンミル、ジェットミル等で微粉砕しそのまま粉末製剤
とするか、あるいは、これをコンパクティングロール等
の加圧成形機で加圧成型造粒するか、または、少量の水
または有機溶剤を加えて混練し押出造粒機等で造粒、乾
燥して顆粒製剤とするか、あるいはまた、打錠機で打錠
してタブレット製剤として行なうことができる。組成物
中における水溶化ルチンの添加量は、水難溶性ルチン3
水和物に換算して1〜60重量%、好ましくは5〜20
重量%とする。添加量が少ないとルチンの効果が十分に
発揮されず、多いと溶解性が悪くなり、コスト高とな
る。The formulation is carried out by mixing water-solubilized rutin with a water-soluble sticky polymer, a water-soluble fertilizer component, a water-soluble saccharide, and if necessary, a water-soluble salt, and an auxiliary agent such as a powdery surfactant. Conventional milling means, for example a hammer mill,
Finely pulverize with a pin mill, jet mill, etc. to make a powder formulation as it is, or press granulate it with a pressure molding machine such as a compacting roll, or knead by adding a small amount of water or an organic solvent. It can be granulated with an extrusion granulator or the like and dried to give a granule preparation, or can be tableted with a tableting machine to give a tablet preparation. The amount of water-solubilized rutin in the composition is 3
Converted to a hydrate, 1 to 60% by weight, preferably 5 to 20
Weight% If the amount of addition is small, the effect of rutin will not be fully exerted, and if it is large, the solubility will be poor and the cost will be high.
【0014】本発明で使用する水溶性固着性ポリマー
は、散布時の薬液の飛散を防ぎ、薬剤・肥料成分を、そ
の効力が十分持続するだけの期間植物体上へ固着させる
性質を有するものである。その例としては、ポリビニル
アルコール、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、ポリエチレン
オキシドおよびこれらの脂肪酸エステルまたはアルキル
エーテル、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、ヒド
ロキシエチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロー
ス、各種変性デンプン等の合成または半合成水溶性高分
子、ゼラチン、トラガントゴム、アラビヤゴム、アルギ
ン酸ナトリウム、コンニャク、コーンスターチ等の天然
水溶性高分子が挙げられる。果面の状態を良好に保つと
いう目的から、これらの成分の添加量は、5〜30重量
%、好ましくは10〜20重量%とする。The water-soluble sticky polymer used in the present invention has the property of preventing the chemical solution from scattering during spraying and fixing the drug / fertilizer component on the plant for a period sufficient to maintain its efficacy. is there. Examples thereof include polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, polyethylene oxide and fatty acid esters or alkyl ethers thereof, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, synthetic or semi-synthetic water-soluble polymers such as modified starch, gelatin, Examples include natural water-soluble polymers such as tragacanth gum, arabic gum, sodium alginate, konjac, and corn starch. For the purpose of keeping the fruit surface in good condition, the amount of these components added is 5 to 30% by weight, preferably 10 to 20% by weight.
【0015】ルチンによる生育促進作用を十分に発揮さ
せるためには、水溶性肥料成分もしくは糖類またはこれ
に加えて水溶性塩類を併用することが望ましい。この目
的のために組成物に加えられる肥料成分、糖類等の水溶
性成分の添加量は、10重量%以上94重量%である。
10重量%未満であるとその効果が十分発揮されず、9
4重量%を越えるとルチンの添加量が少なくなりルチン
の効果が十分に発揮されなくなる。肥料成分の例として
は、尿素、硫酸アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウム等の窒
素含有成分、リン酸カリウム、リン酸カルシウム等のリ
ン含有成分、硫酸カリウム等のカリウム含有成分、ホウ
砂のようなホウ素含有成分、硫酸マンガンのようなマン
ガン含有成分、硫酸マグネシウムのようなマグネシウム
含有成分等が挙げられる。糖類の例としては、デキスト
リン、乳糖、果糖、ショ糖、ブドウ糖が挙げられる。水
溶性塩類の例としては、食塩、ボウ硝、炭酸ナトリウ
ム、重炭酸ナトリウム、シュウ酸ナトリウム、クエン酸
ナトリウム、マレイン酸ナトリウム等が挙げられる。In order to sufficiently exert the growth promoting action of rutin, it is desirable to use a water-soluble fertilizer component or saccharide, or a water-soluble salt in addition to this. For this purpose, the amount of the fertilizer component and water-soluble component such as sugar added to the composition is 10% by weight or more and 94% by weight.
If it is less than 10% by weight, the effect is not sufficiently exerted, and 9
If it exceeds 4% by weight, the amount of rutin added will be small and the effect of rutin will not be fully exerted. Examples of fertilizer components include nitrogen-containing components such as urea, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate, phosphorus-containing components such as potassium phosphate and calcium phosphate, potassium-containing components such as potassium sulfate, boron-containing components such as borax, and manganese sulfate. Examples thereof include a manganese-containing component, a magnesium-containing component such as magnesium sulfate, and the like. Examples of saccharides include dextrin, lactose, fructose, sucrose and glucose. Examples of water-soluble salts include common salt, Glauber's salt, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium oxalate, sodium citrate, sodium maleate and the like.
【0016】また、本発明組成物を実際に散布するに際
してはさらに水で希釈するが、この際の希釈性ないし分
散性、植物への展着性、さらに植物体への吸収性を高め
る目的から界面活性剤その他の補助剤等を添加すること
が好ましい。この添加量は慣用のとおりであり、10重
量%以下、2.5 〜5重量%が好ましい。10重量%を越
えると泡立ちが多くなり、散布性能が悪くなる。場合に
よっては植物に対して薬害が出やすくなることがある。
界面活性剤の例としては、オレイン酸ナトリウム、ステ
アリン酸ナトリウム、ジアルキルスルホコハク酸ナトリ
ウム、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリルエーテル、ア
ルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、ポリオキシエチレンアル
キルエーテルサルフェート、ポリオキシエチレンアルキ
ルジフェニルエーテルサルフェート、アルキルジフェニ
ルエーテルジスルホネート、ポリオキシエチレンポリオ
キシプロピレンブロックポリマー、ポリオキシエチレン
ソルビタン脂肪酸ナトリウム、ソルビタン脂肪酸ナトリ
ウム、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステ
ル、リグニンスルホン酸塩、ナフタレンスルホン酸塩等
が挙げられる。特にサルフェート型またはスルホネート
型の界面活性剤が好ましい。Further, when the composition of the present invention is actually sprayed, it is diluted with water for the purpose of enhancing the dilutability or dispersibility, spreadability to plants, and absorbability to plants. It is preferable to add a surfactant and other auxiliary agents. The amount added is conventional and is preferably 10% by weight or less, preferably 2.5 to 5% by weight. If it exceeds 10% by weight, foaming increases and the spraying performance deteriorates. In some cases, plants may be more likely to be harmed by medicine.
Examples of surfactants include sodium oleate, sodium stearate, sodium dialkylsulfosuccinate, polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether, alkylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkyl diphenyl ether sulfate, alkyl diphenyl ether diester. Examples thereof include sulfonate, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymer, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid sodium, sorbitan fatty acid sodium, glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, lignin sulfonate, and naphthalene sulfonate. Particularly, a sulfate type or sulfonate type surfactant is preferable.
【0017】[0017]
【発明の具体的開示】以下に実施例を挙げて説明する
が、本発明は下記の記載に制限されるものではない。実施例1 ホウ砂10水塩 5.8gを水40.0gに加え、撹拌しながら
60℃に昇温して撹拌を続けホウ砂を溶解した。次い
で、この水溶液に撹拌しながら水難溶性ルチン3水塩1
0.0gを加えて溶解した。この水溶液を60℃水浴上で
ロータリーエバポレータ−を用いて減圧乾燥し、乳鉢で
粉砕して水溶化ルチン粉末を得た。得られた水溶化ルチ
ン粉末15.8g(水難溶性ルチン3水塩として10.0g、ホ
ウ砂10水塩 5.8g相当)、ポリビニルアルコール(ゴ
ーセノールGL−05 (分子量300。日本合成化学工
業株式会社製) )20.0g、硫酸マンガン1水塩 3.0g、
およびブドウ糖61.2gを電気ミキサーで十分に混合して
から遠心粉砕機(日本精機株式会社製)で粉砕、さらに
電気ミキサーで均一混合して水難溶性ルチン3水和物と
して10重量%相当量およびポリビニルアルコール20.0
重量%を含有する水溶性ルチン粉末製剤(粉末製剤1)
を得た。The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following description. Example 1 5.8 g of borax 10 hydrate was added to 40.0 g of water, and the temperature was raised to 60 ° C. with stirring to continue stirring to dissolve borax. Then, the water-insoluble rutin trihydrate 1 was stirred in this aqueous solution.
0.0 g was added and dissolved. This aqueous solution was dried under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator on a 60 ° C. water bath, and pulverized in a mortar to obtain water-soluble rutin powder. 15.8 g of the obtained water-solubilized rutin powder (10.0 g as a poorly water-soluble rutin trihydrate, 5.8 g of borax 10 hydrate), polyvinyl alcohol (Gosenol GL-05 (molecular weight 300, manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd)) 20.0 g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 3.0 g,
And 61.2 g of glucose were thoroughly mixed with an electric mixer, ground with a centrifugal grinder (manufactured by Nippon Seiki Co., Ltd.), and further uniformly mixed with an electric mixer to obtain a water-insoluble rutin trihydrate in an amount of 10% by weight and polyvinyl. Alcohol 20.0
Water-soluble rutin powder formulation containing 1% by weight (powder formulation 1)
Got
【0018】比較例1 ポリビニルアルコール20.0gを使用せず、代わりにブド
ウ糖を20.0g増量して81.2gとした他は実施例1と同様
の操作により、水溶性固着性ポリマーを含有しない水溶
性ルチン粉末製剤(比較製剤A)を得た。 Comparative Example 1 Water-soluble rutin containing no water-soluble adhesive polymer was prepared by the same procedure as in Example 1 except that 20.0 g of polyvinyl alcohol was not used and glucose was increased by 20.0 g to 81.2 g. A powder formulation (comparative formulation A) was obtained.
【0019】比較例2 水溶化ルチン粉末15.8gと硫酸マンガン1水塩 3.0gを
使用せず、代わりにブドウ糖を18.8g増量して80.0gと
した他は実施例1と同様の操作により、ルチンと肥料成
分とを含有しない水溶性ルチン粉末製剤(比較製剤B)
を得た。 Comparative Example 2 Rutin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 15.8 g of water-solubilized rutin powder and 3.0 g of manganese sulfate monohydrate were not used, and instead 18.8 g of glucose was added to 80.0 g. Water-soluble rutin powder formulation containing no fertilizer and fertilizer component (comparative formulation B)
Got
【0020】実施例2 ホウ砂10水塩 144.0gを水 600.0gに加え、撹拌しな
がら80℃に昇温して撹拌を続けホウ砂を溶解した。次
いで、この水溶液に撹拌しながら水難溶性ルチン3水塩
100.0gを加えて溶解した。この水溶液をヤマトスプレ
ードライヤーGB−21型機(ヤマト科学株式会社製)
を用いて、吹き込み温度100℃、排気温度50℃〜5
2℃で乾燥し、水溶化ルチン粉末を得た。得られた水溶
化ルチン粉末24.4g(水難溶性ルチン3水塩として10.0
g、ホウ砂10水塩14.4g相当)、ポリビニルアルコー
ル(ゴーセノールGL−05 (分子量 500。日本合成化
学工業株式会社製) )20.0g、硫酸マンガン1水塩 7.7
g、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム 3.0gおよびブドウ
糖44.9gを実施例1と同様にして水難溶性ルチン3水和
物として10重量%相当量を含有する水溶性ルチン粉末
製剤(粉末製剤2)を得た。 Example 2 144.0 g of borax 10 hydrate was added to 600.0 g of water, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. with stirring to continue stirring to dissolve borax. Then, water-insoluble rutin trihydrate with stirring in this aqueous solution
100.0 g was added and dissolved. This aqueous solution is a Yamato spray dryer GB-21 type machine (made by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.)
With a blowing temperature of 100 ° C. and an exhaust temperature of 50 ° C. to 5
It was dried at 2 ° C. to obtain water-solubilized rutin powder. 24.4 g of the obtained water-solubilized rutin powder (10.0 as poorly water-soluble rutin trihydrate)
g, borax 10 hydrate 14.4 g equivalent), polyvinyl alcohol (Gohsenol GL-05 (molecular weight 500; manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)) 20.0 g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 7.7
g, sodium ligninsulfonate 3.0 g and glucose 44.9 g were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a water-soluble rutin powder preparation (powder preparation 2) containing 10% by weight as a poorly water-soluble rutin trihydrate.
【0021】実施例3 ホウ砂10水塩290gを水1200gに加え、撹拌しなが
ら80℃に昇温して撹拌を続けホウ砂を溶解した。次い
で、この水溶液に撹拌しながら水難溶性ルチン3水塩 5
00gを加えて溶解した。この水溶液を実施例2と同様に
して乾燥し、水溶化ルチン粉末を得た。得られた水溶化
ルチン粉末79g(水難溶性ルチン3水塩として50
g、ホウ砂10水塩29g相当)、カルボキシメチルセ
ルロース(試薬1級)100g,ホウ砂10水塩29
g、硫酸マンガン1水塩26g、ジアルキルスルホコハ
ク酸ナトリウム25g、第一リン酸カルシウム347
g、硫酸アンモニウム100gおよびショ糖294gを
ポリエチレン袋で混合してから、サンプルミル(ホソカ
ワミクロン株式会社製)で粉砕して、水難溶性ルチン3
水和物として5重量%相当量を含有する水溶性ルチン粉
末製剤(粉末製剤3)を得た。 Example 3 290 g of borax 10 hydrate was added to 1200 g of water, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. with stirring to continue stirring to dissolve borax. Next, while stirring in this aqueous solution, the poorly water-soluble rutin trihydrate 5
00 g was added and dissolved. This aqueous solution was dried in the same manner as in Example 2 to obtain water-solubilized rutin powder. 79 g of the obtained water-solubilized rutin powder (50 as water-insoluble rutin trihydrate)
g, borax 10 hydrate 29 g equivalent), carboxymethyl cellulose (reagent first grade) 100 g, borax 10 hydrate 29
g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 26 g, sodium dialkylsulfosuccinate 25 g, monobasic calcium phosphate 347
g, 100 g of ammonium sulfate, and 294 g of sucrose were mixed in a polyethylene bag, and then pulverized with a sample mill (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd.) to make water-insoluble rutin 3
A water-soluble rutin powder preparation (powder preparation 3) containing 5% by weight as a hydrate was obtained.
【0022】実施例4 実施例1で得られた粉末製剤をコンパクティングロール
(Freund Industrial Co. Ltd. 製、ローラーコンパクタ
ー MODEL mini)で加圧成型し、解砕機(FreundIndustria
l Co. Ltd. 製、解砕機 TYPE mini) で解砕後、 0.5m
mおよび 1.0mm篩で篩別して、水難溶性ルチン3水和
物として10重量%相当量を含有する 0.5mm〜 1.0m
mの水溶性ルチン顆粒製剤(顆粒製剤1)を得た。 Example 4 The powder formulation obtained in Example 1 was used as a compacting roll.
(Freund Industrial Co. Ltd., roller compactor MODEL mini), press molding, and crusher (Freund Industria
0.5m after crushing with a crusher (TYPE mini) manufactured by Co. Ltd.
0.5 to 1.0 m containing 10 wt% equivalent amount as poorly water-soluble rutin trihydrate after sieving with 1.0 m and 1.0 mm sieve.
m water-soluble rutin granule preparation (granule preparation 1) was obtained.
【0023】試験例1(溶解性試験) 粉末製剤1〜3および顆粒製剤1を用いてその溶解性を
調べたところ、15℃の水に溶解するに要する時間は短
時間であり、ゲル化増粘を生じることなく散布液を調製
することができた。 Test Example 1 (Solubility Test) When the solubility of each of Powder Formulations 1 to 3 and Granule Formulation 1 was examined, it was found that the time required for dissolution in water at 15 ° C. was short and gelation increased. A spray solution could be prepared without causing stickiness.
【0024】試験例2(品質向上・生育促進効果) 粉末製剤1および2ならびに比較製剤AおよびBを用
い、それぞれを1000倍に希釈した水溶液を7年生の梨
(品種:幸水)に7月18日、7月23日、7月31日
の3回、1区3樹当たり45リットル散布した。9月1
3日に、果重(50果/1区)、果実面のコルク質の形
成状態(品質)(50果/1区)、糖度(10果/1
区)について調査した。なお、コルク質形成状態の評価
は、表1に従い各果実について決定される指数の平均値
(コルク化指数): Test Example 2 (Quality Improvement / Growth Promoting Effect) Powder formulations 1 and 2 and comparative formulations A and B were used to dilute an aqueous solution of 1000 times to a 7th grade pear (variety: Komizu) in July. On 18th, 23rd July, and 31st July, 45 liters were sprayed every 3 trees in 1 ward. September 1
On the 3rd day, fruit weight (50 fruits / 1 ward), cork quality of fruit surface (quality) (50 fruits / 1 ward), sugar content (10 fruits / 1)
Ward). In addition, the evaluation of the cork formation state was performed by the average value of the indexes (corking index) determined for each fruit according to Table 1:
【0025】[0025]
【数1】コルク化指数={Σ(指数×調査果数)/(4
×調査果数)}×100[Equation 1] Corkization index = {Σ (index × number of surveyed fruits) / (4
× Survey results)} × 100
【0026】により示す。コルク化指数が70以上であ
れば縦縞はほとんど観察されず良好な外観である。結果
を表2に示す。Shown by When the cork index is 70 or more, vertical stripes are hardly observed and the appearance is good. The results are shown in Table 2.
【0027】[0027]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0028】[0028]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0029】本結果より、粉末製剤1および2を溶解希
釈して調製した水溶液を散布した実験区では、無散布区
と比較すると、梨の果重が10%以上増加し、果実外観
も優れている。また、糖度にも若干の増加が見られ、収
穫適期も早まった。果重および糖度の改善する効果なら
びに収穫適期を早期化する効果はルチンを使用しない場
合(比較製剤B)には観察されない。また、水溶性固着
性ポリマーを使用しないでルチンのみを用いた場合(比
較製剤A)にはコルク化指数が低く、収穫適期を早期化
する効果も十分には発揮されなかった。From the above results, in the experimental group in which the aqueous solution prepared by dissolving and diluting the powder formulations 1 and 2 was sprayed, the fruit weight of pears increased by 10% or more and the fruit appearance was excellent as compared with the non-dispersed group. There is. In addition, a slight increase in sugar content was observed, and the appropriate harvest time was also accelerated. The effect of improving fruit weight and sugar content and the effect of accelerating the appropriate harvesting period are not observed when rutin is not used (Comparative Formulation B). Further, when only rutin was used without using the water-soluble adhesive polymer (Comparative Preparation A), the corkation index was low, and the effect of accelerating the appropriate harvest time was not sufficiently exerted.
【0030】[0030]
【発明の効果】本発明の組成物は、従来の水難溶性ルチ
ンに代えて水溶化ルチンを使用し、これに水溶性固着性
ポリマー、水溶性肥料成分等を配合して固体製剤として
いるため、使用時容易に水に溶解希釈でき、高濃度製剤
によるゲル化増粘等の問題がない。本剤の組成物は、ル
チンおよび微量要素の働きにより花芽増加、生育促進に
よる収量増加および収穫に要する期間の短縮、糖度の増
加等の効果を有する。また、水溶性、固着性ポリマーを
含有するため、果面のコルク層の形成が促進されて品質
向上効果を有する上に、上記水溶性固着性ポリマーがル
チン等の有効成分を植物体上に固着させるため、これら
の成分の効果が持続し多雨地域においてもすぐれた効果
を発揮する。The composition of the present invention uses a water-solubilized rutin in place of the conventional poorly water-soluble rutin, and a water-soluble sticky polymer, a water-soluble fertilizer component, etc. are added thereto to form a solid preparation. It can be easily dissolved and diluted in water at the time of use, and there is no problem such as gelation and thickening due to a highly concentrated preparation. The composition of this agent has the effects of increasing flower buds by the action of rutin and trace elements, increasing yield by promoting growth, shortening the period required for harvest, increasing sugar content and the like. In addition, since it contains a water-soluble and sticky polymer, the formation of the cork layer on the fruit surface is promoted and has a quality improving effect, and the above-mentioned water-soluble sticky polymer fixes an active ingredient such as rutin on the plant body. As a result, the effects of these components are maintained, and excellent effects are exhibited even in rainy areas.
Claims (4)
固着性ポリマーを含有することを特徴とする果実の品質
向上および生育促進固体組成物。1. A solid composition for improving fruit quality and promoting growth, which comprises a powdered rutin-boron complex and a water-soluble fixing polymer.
固着性ポリマーと水溶性肥料および/または水溶性糖類
および/または水溶性塩類を含有することを特徴とする
果実の品質向上および生育促進固体組成物。2. A fruit quality-improving and growth-promoting solid comprising a powdered rutin-boron complex, a water-soluble sticky polymer, a water-soluble fertilizer and / or a water-soluble saccharide and / or a water-soluble salt. Composition.
水溶性固着性ポリマー(B)と水溶性肥料および/また
は水溶性糖類および/または水溶性塩類(C)との配合
割合は、(A)が1〜60重量%、(B)が5〜30重
量%、(C)が10〜94重量%である請求項2に記載
の果実の品質向上および生育促進組成物。3. The compounding ratio of the powdered rutin-boron complex (A), the water-soluble adhesive polymer (B), the water-soluble fertilizer and / or the water-soluble saccharide and / or the water-soluble salt (C) is ( The composition for improving quality and promoting the growth of fruits according to claim 2, wherein A) is 1 to 60% by weight, (B) is 5 to 30% by weight, and (C) is 10 to 94% by weight.
中10重量%まで含有する請求項3に記載の果実の品質
向上および生育促進固体組成物。4. The fruit quality improving and growth promoting solid composition according to claim 3, further comprising a surfactant (D) in an amount of up to 10% by weight based on the total amount of the composition.
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CN102531774A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-07-04 | 湛江师范学院 | High-efficiency anti-fruit cracking agent for longan and leechee and preparation method thereof |
-
1993
- 1993-11-30 JP JP32605393A patent/JP3454315B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
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EP2819974B1 (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2020-11-11 | Biokasvu OY | A fertilizer, its use and process for preparing it |
CN103058775A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-04-24 | 西南大学柑桔研究所 | Preparation for preventing citrus young fruits from physiological fruit drop and application method thereof |
CN103265354A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-08-28 | 陆玉 | Bio-organic fertilizer prepared from modeling clay slag as main material and preparation method thereof |
CN103588534A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-02-19 | 合肥凯歌信息科技有限公司 | Nutrient for accelerating growth of fungus and mushroom crops |
CN107399998A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-11-28 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A kind of boryl special fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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JP3454315B2 (en) | 2003-10-06 |
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