JPH07140734A - Image forming device - Google Patents

Image forming device

Info

Publication number
JPH07140734A
JPH07140734A JP5291589A JP29158993A JPH07140734A JP H07140734 A JPH07140734 A JP H07140734A JP 5291589 A JP5291589 A JP 5291589A JP 29158993 A JP29158993 A JP 29158993A JP H07140734 A JPH07140734 A JP H07140734A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
photoconductor
contact
image
image forming
developing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP5291589A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3224462B2 (en
Inventor
Kentaro Matsumoto
本 健 太 郎 松
Norio Kikuchi
地 宣 男 菊
Koichi Yamazaki
崎 幸 一 山
Sadao Takahashi
橋 貞 夫 高
Naoshi Hayakawa
川 直 志 早
Yoshiaki Miyashita
下 義 明 宮
Takeshi Tabuchi
渕 健 田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ricoh Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Ricoh Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ricoh Co Ltd filed Critical Ricoh Co Ltd
Priority to JP29158993A priority Critical patent/JP3224462B2/en
Publication of JPH07140734A publication Critical patent/JPH07140734A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3224462B2 publication Critical patent/JP3224462B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
  • Control Or Security For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Developing For Electrophotography (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the occurrence of a void on an image when a photoreceptor and an electrifying member are left standing for a long term in contact state with each other. CONSTITUTION:Prior to the start of an image forming process, a toner pattern for reference PTN is formed on both of a region R1 contacting and R2 not contacting with the electrifying member respectively, and the level V1 of the region R1 and the level V2 of the region R2 are read by a light reflectance detecting means. When the levels 1 and V2 is different, the difference between the sticking quantity M1 obtained based on the level V1 and the sticking quantity MS on the photoreceptor corresponding to a saturation image density is detected, a developing potential corresponding to the sticking quantity of MS-M1 is corrected and then, the formation of an image is started.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、接触帯電部材をもつ画
像形成装置に関し、特に画像濃度の補正に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus having a contact charging member, and more particularly to correction of image density.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】カールソンプロセスに代表される一般的
な電子写真方式の画像形成装置では、感光体の表面を均
一に帯電させるために、非接触方式のコロナ放電装置が
用いられている。しかし、コロナ放電装置は、放電空間
をイオン化して感光体を帯電させるため多量のオゾンが
発生する。このオゾンはマイナス放電を行った場合によ
り多く発生するが、近年感光体がマイナス帯電用の有機
感光体になってきたことや、発生ガスに対する環境基準
が厳しくなってきたことと併せて、オゾンの発生は深刻
な問題となっている。
2. Description of the Related Art In a general electrophotographic image forming apparatus represented by the Carlson process, a non-contact type corona discharge device is used in order to uniformly charge the surface of a photoconductor. However, since the corona discharge device ionizes the discharge space and charges the photoconductor, a large amount of ozone is generated. This ozone is generated more often when a negative discharge is performed. In addition to the fact that the photoconductor has become an organic photoconductor for negative charging in recent years and the environmental standard for generated gas has become strict, The outbreak is a serious problem.

【0003】そこで、感光体に帯電部材を接触させて帯
電を行う接触帯電方式が提案されており、この技術は、
すでにローラ状の接触帯電部材として商品化されつつあ
る。この方式は、帯電部材に印加する電圧が少なくてす
み、かつオゾンの発生が非常に少ないという利点があ
る。
Therefore, a contact charging method has been proposed in which a charging member is brought into contact with a photosensitive member for charging, and this technique is
It is already being commercialized as a roller-shaped contact charging member. This method has the advantages that the voltage applied to the charging member is small and the ozone generation is very small.

【0004】しかしながら、感光体に帯電部材を接触さ
せるので、帯電部材はゴム等の弾性体で作る必要があ
る。ところがこのような弾性部材としてのゴム等は軟化
剤や架橋剤等が含まれているのが一般的であり、このた
め帯電部材を感光体が停止しているときに接触させたま
ま放置しておくと、帯電部材から軟化剤や架橋剤等の物
質が染みだし、それが感光体を汚染する。その結果、次
に画像を形成する時には、感光体の帯電部材が接触して
いた部分だけが現像しずらくなり、画像上に白抜けが発
生する。
However, since the charging member is brought into contact with the photosensitive member, the charging member needs to be made of an elastic material such as rubber. However, such a rubber as an elastic member generally contains a softening agent, a cross-linking agent, etc. Therefore, the charging member is left in contact with the photosensitive member when it is stopped. If left so, substances such as a softening agent and a cross-linking agent will exude from the charging member, which will contaminate the photoconductor. As a result, the next time an image is formed, only the portion of the photoconductor that was in contact with the charging member becomes difficult to develop, and white spots occur on the image.

【0005】そこでこのような白抜けを防止するため
に、例えば特開平4−140769号公報の技術では、
所定時間毎に感光体と接触部材とを回転させて、同一の
部分が長時間接触したまま放置されるのを防止してい
る。
In order to prevent such blank areas, for example, in the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-140769,
The photosensitive member and the contact member are rotated every predetermined time to prevent the same portion from being left in contact for a long time.

【0006】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、特開平
4−140769号公報の技術では、コピー作業を行っ
ていない時にも感光体を動作させるので、無駄が多くな
るのは避けられない。また、装置の主電源を切られてし
まうと、その動作が行えないので、感光体と接触部材と
が同一の部分で長時間接触したまま放置されるのを完全
になくすことはできない。
However, in the technique disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4-140769, the photoconductor is operated even when the copying operation is not performed, and it is inevitable that the photoconductor is wasteful. Further, if the main power supply of the apparatus is turned off, the operation cannot be performed, and therefore it is impossible to completely prevent the photoconductor and the contact member from being left in contact with each other for a long time.

【0007】そこで本発明では、感光体と接触部材とが
同一の部分で長時間接触したまま放置されたような場合
でも、画像上に白抜けが発生するのを防止することを課
題とする。
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to prevent the occurrence of white spots on an image even when the photoconductor and the contact member are left in contact with each other at the same portion for a long time.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するた
め、本発明では、感光体(1),該感光体と接触してそ
れに電荷を与える接触帯電部材(2),前記感光体を露
光する露光手段(3),前記感光体上の静電潜像を顕像
化する現像手段(4),および前記感光体表面に対向し
て配置された光反射率検出手段(5)、を含む画像形成
装置において:画像形成プロセスを開始するのに先立っ
て、前記感光体の停止中に前記接触帯電部材が接触して
いた感光体上の第1の領域(R1)と接触していなかっ
た感光体上の第2の領域(R2)の双方に対して、予め
定めた条件下で、少なくとも帯電プロセス及び現像プロ
セスを実施して感光体上に参照用トナ−パタ−ン(PT
N)を形成する、参照パタ−ン形成手段(S5,S6,
S10);感光体上に形成された前記参照用トナ−パタ
−ンを前記光反射率検出手段で読取り、前記第1の領域
に対する前記光反射率検出手段の出力レベルV1と、第
2の領域に対する光反射率検出手段の出力レベルV2と
の差の有無を調べる、レベル変化識別手段(S17);
前記出力レベルV1とV2との間に差がある場合に、出
力レベルV1に基づいて求められた感光体上付着量M1
と、所定の飽和画像濃度に対応する感光体上付着量MS
との差を検出する、濃度低下識別手段(S18,S1
9);及びMS>M1の場合に、MS−M1の付着量に
相当する、現像ポテンシャルの補正を実施した後で、画
像形成プロセスの開始を許可する、現像ポテンシャル補
正手段(S20);を設ける。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a photosensitive member (1), a contact charging member (2) which comes into contact with the photosensitive member to give an electric charge thereto, and the photosensitive member are exposed. An image including an exposing unit (3), a developing unit (4) for developing an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor, and a light reflectance detecting unit (5) arranged so as to face the photoconductor surface. In the forming apparatus: prior to starting the image forming process, the photosensitive member which was not in contact with the first region (R1) on the photosensitive member which was in contact with the contact charging member while the photosensitive member was stopped. For both of the upper second regions (R2), at least a charging process and a developing process are performed under predetermined conditions to perform a reference toner pattern (PT) on the photoconductor.
N) forming reference pattern forming means (S5, S6,
S10); the reference toner pattern formed on the photoconductor is read by the light reflectance detecting means, and the output level V1 of the light reflectance detecting means with respect to the first area and the second area. The level change identifying means (S17) for checking whether or not there is a difference from the output level V2 of the light reflectance detecting means with respect to.
When there is a difference between the output levels V1 and V2, the adhesion amount M1 on the photoconductor obtained based on the output level V1
And the adhesion amount MS on the photoconductor corresponding to a predetermined saturated image density
Density decrease identifying means (S18, S1)
9); and in the case of MS> M1, there is provided a development potential correction means (S20) for permitting the start of the image forming process after the correction of the development potential corresponding to the adhesion amount of MS-M1. .

【0009】なお上記括弧内に示した記号は、後述する
実施例中の対応する要素の符号を参考までに示したもの
であるが、本発明の各構成要素は実施例中の具体的な要
素のみに限定されるものではない。
The symbols shown in parentheses are reference numerals of corresponding elements in the embodiments described later, but each component of the present invention is a specific element in the embodiments. It is not limited to only.

【0010】[0010]

【作用】前述のように、感光体上の帯電部材が接触して
いた部分は、それ以外の部分と比ベて現像しずらくな
り、画像濃度(トナ−付着量)が低下する傾向がある。
そこで本発明では、画像形成を実施するのに先立って、
帯電プロセス及び現像プロセスを実施して感光体上に参
照用トナ−パタ−ンを形成する。トナ−パタ−ンを形成
する領域には、感光体上の帯電部材が接触していた部分
(R1)とそれ以外の部分(R2)の両方を含める。こ
のトナ−パタ−ンについて、R1の領域とR2の領域の
それぞれの光反射率を検出すれば、各領域のトナ−付着
特性を測定することができる。
As described above, the portion of the photoconductor on which the charging member is in contact is less likely to be developed than the other portions, and the image density (toner adhesion amount) tends to decrease. .
Therefore, in the present invention, prior to performing image formation,
A charging toner pattern and a developing process are performed to form a reference toner pattern on the photoconductor. The area forming the toner pattern includes both the portion (R1) on the photosensitive member which was in contact with the charging member and the other portion (R2). With respect to this toner pattern, if the light reflectance of each of the R1 region and the R2 region is detected, the toner adhesion characteristic of each region can be measured.

【0011】光反射率検出手段の出力レベルV1とV2
との間に差がある場合には、帯電部材が接触していた部
分でトナ−付着量が通常よりも低下している。そこで、
出力レベルV1に基づいて求められた感光体上付着量M
1と、飽和画像濃度に対応する感光体上付着量MSとの
差を検出し、MS−M1の付着量に相当する現像ポテン
シャルの補正を実施する。
Output levels V1 and V2 of the light reflectance detecting means
If there is a difference between the toner charge amount and the toner charge amount, the toner adhesion amount is lower than usual at the portion where the charging member is in contact. Therefore,
Adhesion amount M on the photoconductor obtained based on the output level V1
The difference between 1 and the adhering amount MS on the photoconductor corresponding to the saturated image density is detected, and the development potential corresponding to the adhering amount of MS-M1 is corrected.

【0012】この補正によって、帯電部材が接触してい
た部分でのトナ−付着量が、飽和画像濃度に対応する感
光体上付着量MSに増大する。この場合、帯電部材が接
触していない部分のトナ−付着量は既に飽和画像濃度に
達しているので、帯電部材が接触していた部分R1と接
触していない部分R2の画像濃度は同一になるので、形
成する画像中に濃度低下、即ち白ぬけが生じるのが防止
される。現像ポテンシャルは、(感光体上の潜像電位−
現像印加バイアス電圧)であり、帯電電圧と現像バイア
ス電圧のいずれを調整しても変えることができる。
By this correction, the toner adhesion amount at the portion where the charging member is in contact is increased to the photoconductor adhesion amount MS corresponding to the saturated image density. In this case, since the toner adhesion amount of the portion not contacted by the charging member has already reached the saturated image density, the image density of the portion R1 not contacted by the charging member and the image density of the portion R2 not contacted are the same. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in density, that is, white spots from occurring in the formed image. The development potential is (latent image potential on the photoreceptor −
Applied bias voltage), and can be changed by adjusting either the charging voltage or the developing bias voltage.

【0013】[0013]

【実施例】実施例の画像形成装置の主要部分の正面図を
図1に示す。また、電気回路を含むブロック図を図2に
示す。図1及び図2を参照して説明する。
FIG. 1 is a front view of the main part of the image forming apparatus of the embodiment. A block diagram including an electric circuit is shown in FIG. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

【0014】感光体1の上方にローラ状の帯電部材2が
常時当接されている。感光体1が回転をはじめた後で帯
電部材2に一定の電圧を印加すると、感光体1の表面は
一定の電位に均一に帯電する。次に図示しない書き込み
装置によって画像光3を感光体1の表面に照射すると、
感光体1上に画像光3に応じた電位分布、即ち静電潜像
が形成される。下流に位置する現像器4の現像ローラに
所定の現像バイアス電圧を印加すると、感光体上の静電
潜像に現像器内のトナ−が吸着し、静電潜像は顕像化す
る。この顕像は、転写放電器6aによって転写紙に転写
し、分離放電器6bによって感光体1から分離する。分
離後に感光体上に残留したトナーは、クリーニング装置
7によって除去され、また感光体上の残留電荷は、除電
器8によって除電される。これら一連の動作によって、
1回の画像形成プロセスが完了する。
A roller-shaped charging member 2 is always in contact with the upper side of the photosensitive member 1. When a constant voltage is applied to the charging member 2 after the photoconductor 1 starts rotating, the surface of the photoconductor 1 is uniformly charged to a constant potential. Next, when the surface of the photoconductor 1 is irradiated with the image light 3 by a writing device (not shown),
A potential distribution corresponding to the image light 3, that is, an electrostatic latent image is formed on the photoconductor 1. When a predetermined developing bias voltage is applied to the developing roller of the developing device 4 located downstream, the toner in the developing device is attracted to the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor, and the electrostatic latent image becomes visible. This visible image is transferred onto the transfer paper by the transfer discharger 6a and separated from the photoconductor 1 by the separation discharger 6b. The toner remaining on the photoconductor after the separation is removed by the cleaning device 7, and the residual charge on the photoconductor is removed by the static eliminator 8. By these series of operations,
One image forming process is completed.

【0015】この実施例における作像条件は、次の通り
である。
The image forming conditions in this embodiment are as follows.

【0016】感光体 :φ80の有機光導電体 感光体線速 :120mm/sec 接触帯電部材 :φ14の中抵抗弾性体ローラ(ヒド
リンゴム) 帯電印加バイアス:定電圧 現像方式 :2成分現像 画像濃度制御 :反射型光センサ5による反射率検知 ところで、先にも述べたように感光体1と帯電部材2を
接触させたまま放置しておくと、感光体上に異物付着が
生じ、このまま画像形成を行うと、接触部位置では現像
時のトナ−付着量が低下し、画像中に白ぬけが生じる場
合がある。そこでこの実施例では、白ぬけの発生を防止
するために、画像を形成するのに先立って、感光体1上
の接触部を含む領域に参照用のトナーパターンPTNを
形成し、このトナーパターンの濃度(光反射率)を、感
光体1に対向して配置した反射型光センサ5で読取り、
その結果に基づいて、現像ポテンシャルを補正し、その
後で画像形成を実施する。
Photoconductor: φ80 organic photoconductor Photoconductor linear velocity: 120 mm / sec Contact charging member: Medium resistance elastic roller of φ14 (hydrin rubber) Charging applied bias: Constant voltage Development method: Two-component development Image density control: Reflectance Detection by Reflective Optical Sensor 5 By the way, as described above, if the photoconductor 1 and the charging member 2 are left in contact with each other, foreign matter adheres to the photoconductor, and image formation is performed as it is. At the contact position, the toner adhesion amount at the time of development decreases, and white spots may occur in the image. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to prevent the occurrence of white spots, a toner pattern PTN for reference is formed in an area including a contact portion on the photoconductor 1 prior to forming an image, and the toner pattern PTN is formed. The density (light reflectance) is read by the reflection type optical sensor 5 arranged facing the photoconductor 1,
Based on the result, the development potential is corrected, and then image formation is performed.

【0017】この制御は、図2に示す中央演算処理装置
(マイクロコンピュ−タ)13が実施する。中央演算処
理装置13の動作の概略を図8に示す。図8を参照して
説明する。
This control is carried out by the central processing unit (microcomputer) 13 shown in FIG. The outline of the operation of the central processing unit 13 is shown in FIG. This will be described with reference to FIG.

【0018】電源がオンすると、装置の初期化を実施し
た後、待機時処理を実施する。この待機時処理では、各
種スイッチ,センサ等の入力要素の状態の読取り,モ−
タ,クラッチ,ヒ−タ等の各種出力要素の待機時制御,
外部機器(図示せず)との間の通信処理等々を実施す
る。スタ−ト指示(例えばスタ−トスイッチの押下)を
検出しない間は、ステップS2の待機時処理を繰り返し
実行する。
When the power is turned on, after the initialization of the device, the standby process is executed. In this standby processing, the states of input elements such as various switches and sensors are read and
Standby control of various output elements such as data, clutch, and heater,
It executes communication processing with an external device (not shown). While the start instruction (for example, pressing the start switch) is not detected, the standby process of step S2 is repeatedly executed.

【0019】スタ−ト指示を検出すると、ステップS3
からS4に進む。ステップS4では、感光体1の回転位
置との同期をとるために、感光体1の微小回転毎に出力
されるタイミングパルスの計数を開始する。そしてS5
では感光体1の回転駆動を開始する。
When the start instruction is detected, step S3
To S4. In step S4, in order to synchronize with the rotational position of the photoconductor 1, counting of the timing pulse output for each minute rotation of the photoconductor 1 is started. And S5
Then, the rotational driving of the photoconductor 1 is started.

【0020】次のステップS6では、感光体1が約1回
転するのを待った後、帯電部材2への帯電電圧の印加を
開始する。この時に帯電部材2に印加する電圧は、通常
の画像形成プロセスの際に印加する値と同一とする。そ
して、計数しているタイミングパルスの数が予め定めた
P1になると、ステップS7からS8に進み、帯電部材
2への帯電電圧の印加を解除する。
In the next step S6, the application of the charging voltage to the charging member 2 is started after waiting for the photosensitive member 1 to rotate about once. The voltage applied to the charging member 2 at this time is the same as the value applied in the normal image forming process. Then, when the number of timing pulses being counted reaches a predetermined P1, the process proceeds from step S7 to S8, and the application of the charging voltage to the charging member 2 is released.

【0021】つまり、図7に示すように、感光体1が1
回転してからパルス数がP1になるまでの間、感光体1
に対して帯電プロセスが実行される。感光体1上の帯電
する領域は、それが停止していた時に、帯電部材2と接
触していた領域(図3のR1)と接触していない領域
(図3のR2)の両者を含む。
That is, as shown in FIG.
After the rotation, until the pulse number reaches P1, the photoconductor 1
A charging process is performed on. The charged area on the photoconductor 1 includes both the area (R1 in FIG. 3) that was in contact with the charging member 2 and the area (R2 in FIG. 3) that was not in contact when the photosensitive body 1 was stopped.

【0022】さらに、計数しているタイミングパルスの
数が予め定めたP2になると、ステップS9からS10
に進み、現像器4の現像ロ−ラへのバイアス電圧の印加
を開始する。この時に現像ロ−ラに印加するバイアス電
圧は、通常の画像形成プロセスの際に印加する値と同一
とする。そして、計数しているタイミングパルスの数が
予め定めたP3になると、ステップS11からS12に
進み、帯電ロ−ラへのバイアス電圧の印加を解除する。
Further, when the number of timing pulses being counted reaches a predetermined P2, steps S9 to S10 are performed.
Then, the application of the bias voltage to the developing roller of the developing device 4 is started. The bias voltage applied to the developing roller at this time is the same as the value applied in the normal image forming process. When the number of timing pulses being counted reaches a predetermined P3, the process proceeds from step S11 to S12, and the application of the bias voltage to the charging roller is released.

【0023】つまり、感光体1上の帯電した領域(静電
潜像)が現像器4を通過する間、現像ロ−ラにバイアス
電圧を印加して、所定の現像ポテンシャル(感光体上の
潜像電位−現像印加バイアス電圧)を与える。従って、
感光体1上に現像ポテンシャルに応じた量のトナ−が吸
着し、図3に示すように、参照トナ−パタ−ンPTNが
形成される。但し、停止時に帯電部材2と接触していた
部分(R1)では、通常よりもトナ−付着量が少なくな
る傾向がある。感光体と帯電部材との接触時間が長くな
ればなるほど、その部分の異物付着量は多くなり、その
部分のトナー付着量は少なくなる。
That is, while the charged area (electrostatic latent image) on the photoconductor 1 passes through the developing device 4, a bias voltage is applied to the developing roller to set a predetermined developing potential (latent on the photoconductor). Image potential-developing applied bias voltage). Therefore,
An amount of toner corresponding to the developing potential is adsorbed on the photoconductor 1 to form a reference toner pattern PTN as shown in FIG. However, in the portion (R1) that was in contact with the charging member 2 when stopped, the toner adhesion amount tends to be smaller than usual. The longer the contact time between the photoconductor and the charging member, the greater the amount of foreign matter attached to that portion and the less the amount of toner attached to that portion.

【0024】計数しているタイミングパルスの数が予め
定めたP4になると、ステップS13からS14に進
み、反射型光センサ5が出力する信号レベルをサンプリ
ングし、A/D変換した結果をレベルV1として保存す
る。更に、計数しているタイミングパルスの数が予め定
めたP5になると、ステップS15からS16に進み、
反射型光センサ5が出力する信号レベルをサンプリング
し、A/D変換した結果をレベルV2として保存する。
When the number of timing pulses being counted reaches a predetermined P4, the process proceeds from step S13 to S14, the signal level output from the reflection type photosensor 5 is sampled, and the result of A / D conversion is set to level V1. save. Further, when the number of timing pulses being counted reaches a predetermined P5, the process proceeds from step S15 to S16,
The signal level output from the reflective photosensor 5 is sampled, and the result of A / D conversion is stored as a level V2.

【0025】ここで、レベルV1は、感光体1上の停止
時に帯電部材2と接触していた部分R1の光反射率(ト
ナ−付着量)に対応し、レベルV2は接触していなかっ
た部分R2の光反射率(トナ−付着量)に対応する。反
射型光センサ5の出力レベルと感光体1上のトナ−付着
量との関係を図4に示す。
Here, the level V1 corresponds to the light reflectance (toner adhesion amount) of the portion R1 which was in contact with the charging member 2 when the photosensitive member 1 was stopped, and the level V2 was not in contact. It corresponds to the light reflectance of R2 (toner adhesion amount). FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the output level of the reflective optical sensor 5 and the toner adhesion amount on the photoconductor 1.

【0026】感光体1上の帯電部材2と接触していた部
分R1のトナ−付着量M1が、接触していなかった部分
R2のトナ−付着量M2よりも少ないと、図4に示すよ
うに、反射型光センサ5の出力レベルV1とV2との差
が大きくなる。そこで、次のステップS17では、V1
−V2をしきい値ΔVと比較し、V1−V2>ΔVなら
ステップS18に進み(ΔVは0又は正の値)、そうで
なければ、トナ−付着量の低下が認められないので、そ
のままステップS21に進む。
As shown in FIG. 4, when the toner adhesion amount M1 of the portion R1 which is in contact with the charging member 2 on the photosensitive member 1 is smaller than the toner adhesion amount M2 of the portion R2 which is not in contact with it. , The difference between the output levels V1 and V2 of the reflective optical sensor 5 becomes large. Therefore, in the next step S17, V1
-V2 is compared with the threshold value .DELTA.V, and if V1-V2> .DELTA.V, the process proceeds to step S18 (.DELTA.V is 0 or a positive value). Proceed to S21.

【0027】ステップS18では、ステップS14で検
出したレベルV1をパラメ−タとして所定の関数f()を
計算する。その結果として、領域R1でのトナ−付着量
M1が得られる。
In step S18, a predetermined function f () is calculated using the level V1 detected in step S14 as a parameter. As a result, the toner adhesion amount M1 in the region R1 is obtained.

【0028】感光体1上のトナ−付着量Mと画像濃度と
の相関を図5に示す。図5を参照すると、トナ−付着量
Mが小さい領域では、トナ−付着量Mと画像濃度とは比
例するが、トナ−付着量がMS以上の領域では、画像濃
度は飽和する。即ち、MSが飽和画像濃度に対応するト
ナ−付着量である。
The correlation between the toner adhesion amount M on the photosensitive member 1 and the image density is shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 5, in the region where the toner adhesion amount M is small, the toner adhesion amount M is proportional to the image density, but in the region where the toner adhesion amount M is MS or more, the image density is saturated. That is, MS is the toner adhesion amount corresponding to the saturated image density.

【0029】ステップS19では、MS−M1をしきい
値ΔMと比較する。MS−M1>ΔMならステップS2
0に進み(ΔMは0又は正の値)、そうでなければ、画
像濃度が飽和画像濃度以上なので、そのままステップS
21に進む。
In step S19, MS-M1 is compared with the threshold value ΔM. If MS-M1> ΔM, step S2
The process proceeds to 0 (ΔM is 0 or a positive value). If not, the image density is equal to or higher than the saturated image density.
Proceed to 21.

【0030】ステップS20では、現像ポテンシャルの
補正を実施する。即ち、領域R1の部分で画像濃度の低
下が生じるのを防止するために、不足分の(MS−M
1)のトナ−付着量が加算されるように、現像ポテンシ
ャル(潜像電位−現像バイアス)を補正する。図6に示
すように、現像ポテンシャルVPPとトナ−付着量Mと
は比例関係にあり、VPP1(=(MS−M1)/α)
が、通常の設定値に加算すべき現像ポテンシャルの補正
量になる。
In step S20, the development potential is corrected. That is, in order to prevent the decrease of the image density in the region R1, the shortage (MS-M
The developing potential (latent image potential-developing bias) is corrected so that the toner adhesion amount of 1) is added. As shown in FIG. 6, the developing potential VPP and the toner adhesion amount M are in a proportional relationship, and VPP1 (= (MS-M1) / α)
Is the correction amount of the development potential that should be added to the normal set value.

【0031】従って、画像形成時に設定する潜像電位
(帯電部材に印加する電圧)に、VPP1を加算してそ
の電位を高くするように補正するか、又は、画像形成時
に設定する現像バイアス電圧からVPP1を減算してそ
れが低くなるように補正し、現像ポテンシャルを増加さ
せる。
Therefore, VPP1 is added to the latent image potential (voltage applied to the charging member) set at the time of image formation so as to increase the potential, or the development bias voltage set at the time of image formation is used. VPP1 is subtracted and corrected so that it becomes lower, and the development potential is increased.

【0032】ステップS21では通常の画像形成プロセ
スを実行する。ここで、帯電部材に印加する電圧及び現
像バイアス電圧は、予め設定された値になるが、ステッ
プS20でそれらのいずれかを補正している場合には、
補正された電圧を印加して画像形成プロセスを実行す
る。
In step S21, a normal image forming process is executed. Here, the voltage applied to the charging member and the developing bias voltage have preset values, but if any of them is corrected in step S20,
The image forming process is performed by applying the corrected voltage.

【0033】なお、画像形成プロセスを実行すると、ク
リ−ニング装置などの働きによって、接触部(R1)に
付着した異物が徐々に除去されるので、継続的に現像ポ
テンシャルを増加させておく必要はない。従って、例え
ば現像ポテンシャルの増加を実施した後、所定時間を経
過するか、又は所定枚数の画像形成が完了したら、現像
ポテンシャルを初期状態に戻してもよい。
When the image forming process is executed, the foreign matter adhering to the contact portion (R1) is gradually removed by the action of the cleaning device or the like. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously increase the developing potential. Absent. Therefore, for example, the development potential may be returned to the initial state after a predetermined time elapses after the development potential is increased or when a predetermined number of images are formed.

【0034】[0034]

【発明の効果】以上のとおり本発明によれば、感光体と
帯電部材とを接触させたまま長時間放置しておいた場合
でも、画像形成をおこなう際に、現像ポテンシャルを自
動的に補正し、接触部のトナー付着量を飽和画像濃度相
当まで高めるので、画像上に白抜けが発生しない。
As described above, according to the present invention, even when the photoconductor and the charging member are left in contact with each other for a long time, the development potential is automatically corrected when the image is formed. Since the amount of toner adhered to the contact portion is increased to a level corresponding to the saturated image density, white spots do not occur on the image.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】 実施例の画像形成装置の主要部を示す正面図
である。
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a main part of an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment.

【図2】 図1の装置の電気回路を含むブロック図であ
る。
2 is a block diagram including the electrical circuitry of the apparatus of FIG.

【図3】 感光体とトナ−パタ−ンを示す斜視図であ
る。
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a photoconductor and a toner pattern.

【図4】 付着量とセンサ出力の関係を示すグラフであ
る。
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between an adhesion amount and a sensor output.

【図5】 付着量と画像濃度の関係を示すグラフであ
る。
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the adhesion amount and the image density.

【図6】 付着量と現像ポテンシャルの関係を示すグラ
フである。
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the adhesion amount and the development potential.

【図7】 画像形成装置の動作を示すタイムチャ−トで
ある。
FIG. 7 is a time chart showing the operation of the image forming apparatus.

【図8】 装置13の動作を示すフロ−チャ−トであ
る。
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the device 13.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1:感光体 2:帯電部材 3:画像光 4:現像器 5:反射型光センサ 6a:転写放電器 6b:分離放電器 7:クリーニング装置 8:除電器 13:中央演算処理装
1: Photoconductor 2: Charging member 3: Image light 4: Developing device 5: Reflection type optical sensor 6a: Transfer discharge device 6b: Separation discharge device 7: Cleaning device 8: Static eliminator 13: Central processing unit

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 高 橋 貞 夫 東京都大田区中馬込1丁目3番6号 株式 会社リコー内 (72)発明者 早 川 直 志 東京都大田区中馬込1丁目3番6号 株式 会社リコー内 (72)発明者 宮 下 義 明 東京都大田区中馬込1丁目3番6号 株式 会社リコー内 (72)発明者 田 渕 健 東京都大田区中馬込1丁目3番6号 株式 会社リコー内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Sadao Takahashi 1-3-6 Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo Within Ricoh Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Naoshi Hayakawa 1-3-3 Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo No. 6 In Ricoh Company (72) Inventor Yoshiaki Miyashita 1-3-3 Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo In-Ricoh Company (72) Ken Ken Tabuchi 1-3-3 Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo No. 6 Ricoh Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 感光体,該感光体と接触してそれに電荷
を与える接触帯電部材,前記感光体を露光する露光手
段,前記感光体上の静電潜像を顕像化する現像手段,お
よび前記感光体表面に対向して配置された光反射率検出
手段、を含む画像形成装置において:画像形成プロセス
を開始するのに先立って、前記感光体の停止中に前記接
触帯電部材が接触していた感光体上の第1の領域と接触
していなかった感光体上の第2の領域の双方に対して、
予め定めた条件下で、少なくとも帯電プロセス及び現像
プロセスを実施して感光体上に参照用トナ−パタ−ンを
形成する、参照パタ−ン形成手段;感光体上に形成され
た前記参照用トナ−パタ−ンを前記光反射率検出手段で
読取り、前記第1の領域に対する前記光反射率検出手段
の出力レベルV1と、第2の領域に対する光反射率検出
手段の出力レベルV2との差の有無を調べる、レベル変
化識別手段;前記出力レベルV1とV2との間に差があ
る場合に、出力レベルV1に基づいて求められた感光体
上付着量M1と、所定の飽和画像濃度に対応する感光体
上付着量MSとの差を検出する、濃度低下識別手段;及
びMS>M1の場合に、MS−M1の付着量に相当す
る、現像ポテンシャルの補正を実施した後で、画像形成
プロセスの開始を許可する、現像ポテンシャル補正手
段;を設けたことを特徴とする画像形成装置。
1. A photoconductor, a contact charging member which comes into contact with the photoconductor to give an electric charge thereto, an exposing means for exposing the photoconductor, a developing means for developing an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor, and In an image forming apparatus including a light reflectance detecting unit arranged to face the surface of the photosensitive member, the contact charging member is in contact with the photosensitive member while the photosensitive member is stopped before starting the image forming process. For both the first area on the photoreceptor and the second area on the photoreceptor that was not in contact,
Reference pattern forming means for performing a charging process and a developing process at least under predetermined conditions to form a reference toner pattern on the photoconductor; the reference toner formed on the photoconductor The pattern is read by the light reflectance detecting means, and the difference between the output level V1 of the light reflectance detecting means for the first area and the output level V2 of the light reflectance detecting means for the second area is calculated. Level change identifying means for checking presence / absence; if there is a difference between the output levels V1 and V2, it corresponds to the adhered amount M1 on the photoconductor obtained based on the output level V1 and a predetermined saturated image density. A density decrease identifying means for detecting a difference from the adhered amount MS on the photoconductor; and in the case of MS> M1, a correction of the development potential corresponding to the adhered amount of MS-M1 is performed, and then the image forming process is performed. Allow start To, development potential correction means; image forming apparatus characterized in that a.
JP29158993A 1993-11-22 1993-11-22 Image forming device Expired - Fee Related JP3224462B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP29158993A JP3224462B2 (en) 1993-11-22 1993-11-22 Image forming device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP29158993A JP3224462B2 (en) 1993-11-22 1993-11-22 Image forming device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH07140734A true JPH07140734A (en) 1995-06-02
JP3224462B2 JP3224462B2 (en) 2001-10-29

Family

ID=17770902

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP29158993A Expired - Fee Related JP3224462B2 (en) 1993-11-22 1993-11-22 Image forming device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3224462B2 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997019641A1 (en) 1995-11-29 1997-06-05 Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisya Apparatus and method for diagnosing osteoporosis
JP2006030978A (en) * 2004-06-14 2006-02-02 Ricoh Co Ltd Image forming apparatus
JP2010134337A (en) * 2008-12-08 2010-06-17 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Image forming device
CN101846918A (en) * 2009-03-23 2010-09-29 柯尼卡美能达商用科技株式会社 Image forming apparatus
JP2012118455A (en) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-21 Ricoh Co Ltd Image forming apparatus

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997019641A1 (en) 1995-11-29 1997-06-05 Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisya Apparatus and method for diagnosing osteoporosis
JP2006030978A (en) * 2004-06-14 2006-02-02 Ricoh Co Ltd Image forming apparatus
JP4719515B2 (en) * 2004-06-14 2011-07-06 株式会社リコー Image forming apparatus
JP2010134337A (en) * 2008-12-08 2010-06-17 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Image forming device
US7903988B2 (en) 2008-12-08 2011-03-08 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Image forming apparatus capable of detecting ghost image
CN101846918A (en) * 2009-03-23 2010-09-29 柯尼卡美能达商用科技株式会社 Image forming apparatus
JP2010224086A (en) * 2009-03-23 2010-10-07 Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc Image forming apparatus
US8290382B2 (en) 2009-03-23 2012-10-16 Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc. Image forming apparatus
JP2012118455A (en) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-21 Ricoh Co Ltd Image forming apparatus

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