JPH07116748A - Method and device for forming super-plastic metallic sheet - Google Patents
Method and device for forming super-plastic metallic sheetInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07116748A JPH07116748A JP5289933A JP28993393A JPH07116748A JP H07116748 A JPH07116748 A JP H07116748A JP 5289933 A JP5289933 A JP 5289933A JP 28993393 A JP28993393 A JP 28993393A JP H07116748 A JPH07116748 A JP H07116748A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- fluid
- metal plate
- pressure chamber
- back pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B7/00—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members
- B30B7/02—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members having several platens arranged one above the other
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、超塑性金属板の成形方
法及び装置に関し、特に該金属板成形における生産性及
び装置保全の改良に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming a superplastic metal sheet, and more particularly to improving productivity and apparatus maintenance in forming the metal sheet.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】高温において金属板を特定領域の歪速度
で引っ張りを与えた場合に局部変形（ネッキング）を発
生することなく著しく大きい伸びを示す超塑性材料が開
発されて久しい。例えばＡｌ合金では、すでに１９７０
年代に英国で開発されたＳｕｐｕｒａｌｌ（Ａｌ−（Ｃ
ｕ，Ｚｎ，Ｍｇ）−Ｚｒ系）を初めとしていずれも微細
結晶粒組織からなるＡｌ−Ｍｇ系、Ａｌ−Ｃｕ−Ｍｎ
系、Ａｌ−Ｚｎ−Ｍｇ−Ｃｕ系（ＡＡ７０７５合金）、
連続鋳造圧延等の急速冷却凝固方式で製造したＡｌ−Ｚ
ｎ−Ｃａ合金等が知られている。2. Description of the Related Art It has been a long time since a superplastic material was developed which exhibits remarkably large elongation without causing local deformation (necking) when a metal plate is stretched at a strain rate of a specific region at a high temperature. For example, with Al alloy,
Developed in the UK in the 1980s, Supurall (Al- (C
u, Zn, Mg) -Zr system), and Al-Mg system and Al-Cu-Mn each having a fine grain structure.
System, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu system (AA7075 alloy),
Al-Z manufactured by rapid cooling solidification method such as continuous casting and rolling
N-Ca alloys and the like are known.
【０００３】また、上記の合金であっても超塑性の発現
には不十分なサイズの結晶粒組織を有する板を出発材と
し、変形の過程において動的歪再結晶を生起させ、微細
再結晶粒組織を形成しつつ超塑性変形させる方法も知ら
れている。Further, even with the above alloys, a plate having a crystal grain structure of a size insufficient for developing superplasticity is used as a starting material, dynamic strain recrystallization is caused in the process of deformation, and fine recrystallization is caused. A method of forming a grain structure and performing superplastic deformation is also known.
【０００４】これらの合金板の超塑性成形は、変形応力
が小さいので、特定の温度に加熱したシートの片側から
数気圧程度の低い流体圧（通常は気体）を印加してバル
ジ成形を行ういわゆるブロー成形法が用いられる。その
特徴は、優れた変形能を利用して、通例のプレス法では
成形し難い複雑形状あるいは大きい深さを有する成形
品、リブ付き、浮き出し模様等の成形が単一工程で行え
ること、費用のかさむ金型は雌型又は雄型のいずれか一
方で足りること等であり、広く利用されるようになって
いる。Since superplastic forming of these alloy sheets has a small deformation stress, so-called bulge forming is performed by applying a low fluid pressure (usually gas) of about several atmospheres from one side of the sheet heated to a specific temperature. A blow molding method is used. Its characteristic is that it is possible to perform molding of a molded product having a complicated shape or a large depth that is difficult to mold by a usual pressing method or a rib, an embossed pattern, etc. in a single step by utilizing the excellent deformability, and it is possible to reduce the cost. One of the female molds and the male molds is sufficient as the mold to be used, and the molds are widely used.
【０００５】超塑性成形における問題の第１は、板厚分
布、第２はキャビテイーの生成であり、前者には温度と
歪速度の選択や、金型潤滑の強化により改善する方法が
とられ、後者には成形前の予熱温度を高めること、ある
いは成形中金型側に背圧を印加する方法がとられてい
る。The first problem in superplastic forming is the sheet thickness distribution, and the second is the generation of cavities. The former method is to improve it by selecting temperature and strain rate and strengthening die lubrication. For the latter, a method of increasing the preheating temperature before molding or applying a back pressure to the mold side during molding is adopted.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の超塑性成形法
は、上記した種々の長所を有する反面、成形には数分か
ら数十分の時間を要するのが欠点であり、大量生産向き
ではなく、航空機構造部品等多品種少量の高価な複雑形
状製品には適している。Although the conventional superplastic forming method has various advantages as described above, it is disadvantageous in that it requires several minutes to several tens of minutes for forming, which is not suitable for mass production. It is suitable for high-mix, low-volume, and complex-shaped products such as aircraft structural parts.
【０００７】一方、最近金属板の成形部品は、デザイン
化された扉、壁面、天井、等の建築材料や彫りの深い各
種エクステリア製品、複雑形状の自動車ボデイーシー
ト、深い容器状のオイルタンク等の車両部材等の成形に
おいて従来のプレス工程では成形が不十分であり、超塑
性成形が望まれるようになってきたが、これらの製品は
大量生産方式が不可欠であり、従来の超塑性成形法では
不適当である。On the other hand, recently, molded parts of metal plates include building materials such as designed doors, wall surfaces and ceilings, various deeply carved exterior products, automobile body sheets with complicated shapes, deep container-like oil tanks and the like. In the molding of vehicle members, etc., the conventional pressing process is insufficient for molding, and superplastic forming has come to be desired, but for these products, a mass production method is indispensable. Inappropriate.
【０００８】超塑性成形工程の時間短縮に関する先行技
術としては、（ａ）１つの金型室内の上、下に同一の金
型を設置し、中央に２枚の金属板を張り、該金属板の間
から気体圧を印加して同時に２個の成形を行う方法（特
公昭５６−５６３８）As a prior art for reducing the time of the superplastic forming process, (a) the same mold is installed above and below one mold chamber, two metal plates are attached in the center, and the space between the metal plates is Method of applying two gas pressures from the same time (Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-5638)
【０００９】（ｂ）１つの金型室内に超塑性板材を３層
に重ね合わせ、片側を成形面に対面させ、反対側から流
体の靜水圧を印加して絞り成形することにより、第１層
と第３層をプラスチック成形金型の雄型と雌型として同
時に成形する方法（特公平４−２２６５０）。(B) Superplastic plate materials are superposed in three layers in one mold chamber, one side faces the forming surface, and the water is dripped from the opposite side to draw and form the first layer. And a method of simultaneously molding the third layer as a male mold and a female mold of a plastic molding die (Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-22650).
【００１０】（ｃ）成形すべき超塑性薄板材に少なくと
も１枚の同種の超塑性板材をダミーとして重ね合わせて
成形することにより、見掛け上の板厚を大きくし、か
つ、見掛け上の歪量を小さくし、ダミー材が薄板材に追
随してその塑性流動を補いつつ共に変形するようにし
て、薄板材を通常の板厚材と同様の成形速度とし、生産
性向上が図られる（特公平２−３１６１０）などの提案
がなされている。(C) By superimposing at least one superplastic plate material of the same kind as a dummy on the superplastic thin plate material to be molded, the apparent plate thickness is increased and the apparent strain amount is increased. Is set so that the dummy material follows the thin plate material and deforms together while compensating for its plastic flow, and the thin plate material is formed at the same forming speed as the normal plate material, thus improving the productivity. 2-31610) and the like have been proposed.
【００１１】しかしながら、これらの提案は生産性に優
れた量産品の成形にはなお隔たりがあり、問題は解決さ
れていない。すなわち（ａ）の方法は単純２倍の生産性
にとどまり、また（ｂ）の方法は、互いに勘合する雄、
雌金型の成形であり、同一形状の成形体は得られない。
（ｃ）は、低歪速度を必要とする薄板材の成形時間の短
縮を意図したもので、普通板厚材の成形の生産性とは直
接結びつかない。However, these proposals still have a gap in the molding of mass-produced products having excellent productivity, and the problem has not been solved. That is, the method (a) is simply twice as productive, and the method (b) is a male that fits into each other.
Since it is a female mold, a molded product having the same shape cannot be obtained.
(C) is intended to shorten the forming time of a thin plate material requiring a low strain rate, and is not directly related to the productivity of forming a normal thick plate material.
【００１２】本発明者等は、以上のごとき事情を背景と
して種々研究の結果先に成形金型室の複数を重ね合わせ
て行う成形方法及び装置を開発し、先に特許出願中（特
願平４−３２８８９１号）である。その方法及び装置
は、建築材料や車両部材のごとき大型製品の大量生産に
適する生産性に優れた超塑性金属板の成形を可能とした
が、これを実際に商業生産規模において実施する過程に
おいて、金型室内に固定してある金属板の破断等による
加圧室から背圧室への流体のリークが起ると、高温に加
熱された金型室群の加圧室、背圧室の圧力平衡が破れ、
リークの起こった成形金型室は、隣接の金型室外殻の膨
張によって変形し、金型を使用不能としてしまうことを
見い出した。As a result of various studies, the inventors of the present invention have previously developed a molding method and apparatus for stacking a plurality of molding die chambers, and have already applied for a patent (Patent application No. 4-328891). The method and apparatus enabled the formation of superplastic metal sheets having excellent productivity suitable for mass production of large-scale products such as building materials and vehicle members, but in the process of actually carrying out this on a commercial production scale, When fluid leaks from the pressure chamber to the back pressure chamber due to breakage of the metal plate fixed in the mold chamber, the pressure of the mold chamber group and the back pressure chamber heated to high temperature The balance is broken,
It has been found that the mold chamber in which the leak has occurred is deformed by the expansion of the outer shell of the adjacent mold chamber, making the mold unusable.
【００１３】すなわち、この種の成形方法において、加
圧室に印加される流体圧は、金属板の成形性、形状の複
雑性等によるが、一般の事例としては２〜３気圧から１
０数気圧に達する。複雑形状の成形では、成形の最終段
階において転写精度を高めるため、しばしば約１５気圧
程度の高圧を加える必要がある。かかる高圧下において
は、金属板の破断が起り易く、一旦破断が起れば加圧室
から背圧室への流体漏洩が同時に発生する。That is, in this type of forming method, the fluid pressure applied to the pressurizing chamber depends on the formability of the metal plate, the complexity of the shape, etc.
Reaches a few atmospheres. In molding a complicated shape, it is often necessary to apply a high pressure of about 15 atm in order to improve the transfer accuracy in the final stage of molding. Under such a high pressure, the metal plate is likely to break, and once the break occurs, fluid leakage from the pressurizing chamber to the back pressure chamber simultaneously occurs.
【００１４】このような場合、各金型室毎の個別圧力制
御方式であると、背圧室と隣接加圧室の間に大きな差圧
荷重が発生する。前者が大気圧、後者が１５気圧とすれ
ば、その値は（１５−１）×面積＝約１４０トン／ｍ2
に達する。このため金型室外殻は、強度のみならず撓み
を押さえるための高い剛性をも必要とされる。汎用鋼材
であるＳＳ４１やＳＵＳ３０４等では、５００℃におけ
る降伏応力は、精々１５〜２０Ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2に過ぎな
いため、極めて厚くするか、特殊な高強度、高剛性材料
を使用するほかない。この種の装置において金型は生命
であり、しかも甚だ高価であるので、前記のごとき事態
は大きな損失となるため、この効果的な解決方法が強く
求められるに至った。In such a case, if the individual pressure control system for each mold chamber is used, a large differential pressure load is generated between the back pressure chamber and the adjacent pressure chamber. The former is the atmospheric pressure, if the latter is a 15 atm, the value is (15-1) × area = about 140 tons / m 2
Reach Therefore, the mold chamber outer shell is required to have not only strength but also high rigidity for suppressing bending. The yield stress at 500 ° C. of general-purpose steel materials such as SS41 and SUS304 is only 15 to 20 Kgf / mm 2 at best, so it is unavoidable to make it extremely thick or use a special high-strength, high-rigidity material. In this type of apparatus, the mold is a life and is very expensive, and the above situation causes a great loss, so that an effective solution has been strongly demanded.
【００１５】[0015]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、本発明の成形方法は、一定の要件を満たした成形
金型室の複数を重ね合わせ、金型室群の各加圧室及び各
背圧室の流体圧をそれぞれ等圧下に保持することを特徴
とする。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the molding method of the present invention is such that a plurality of molding die chambers satisfying certain requirements are superposed, and each pressurizing chamber of a die chamber group. Also, the fluid pressure of each back pressure chamber is maintained under equal pressure.
【００１６】すなわち第１の発明は、超塑性を示す温度
に加熱し、周囲を密閉固定した超塑性金属板によって区
画された一方の空間に加圧流体を導入する加圧室と、他
方の空間に該金属板と対面して成形金型表面が固定さ
れ、かつ上記加圧室より低い流体圧に調整された背圧室
とによって構成される成形金型室において、上記加圧室
に流体圧を印加することにより上記金属板を上記成形金
型表面に押圧して超塑性形する方法において、上記成形
金型室の複数を、上記金属板と平行方向に重ね合わせて
成形金型室群を形成し、成形中は、各成形金形室の加圧
室及び各背圧室はそれぞれ等圧下に保持し、成形金型室
群の一部に流体漏洩が検知されれば、当該流体漏洩金型
室の背圧室への流体の導入及び排出を遮断して成形する
ことを特徴とする超塑性金属板の成形方法。That is, the first aspect of the present invention is such that a pressurized chamber is heated to a temperature exhibiting superplasticity and a pressurized fluid is introduced into one space defined by a superplastic metal plate whose periphery is hermetically fixed, and the other space. In the molding die chamber, the surface of the molding die being fixed to the metal plate, and the back pressure chamber adjusted to a fluid pressure lower than that of the pressure chamber. In the method of pressing the metal plate against the surface of the molding die by applying a superplastic shape, a plurality of the molding die chambers, a molding die chamber group by superposing in parallel with the metal plate. During formation and molding, the pressurizing chamber and each back pressure chamber of each molding die chamber are kept under equal pressure, and if fluid leakage is detected in a part of the molding die chamber group, the fluid leakage gold It is characterized by molding by blocking the introduction and discharge of fluid to the back pressure chamber of the mold chamber. Molding process of sexual metal plate.
【００１７】また第２の発明は、超塑性金属板の周囲を
固定する手段、該金属板と平行方向に分割された胴部と
蓋部を開閉可能に固定密封する手段、該金属板を超塑性
を示す温度に加熱する手段、該金属板によって区画され
る一方の空間は加圧流体を導入する加圧室と、他方の空
間は該金属板と対面して成形金型表面が固定され、かつ
上記加圧室より低い流体圧に調整された背圧室とによっ
て構成される成形金型室の複数を、上記金属板と平行方
向に重ね合わせて固定する手段、各成形金型室の加圧室
及び背圧室には各単一加圧流体源から加圧流体を平行管
路により導入する手段、上記各成形金型室の流体漏洩を
検知する手段、各成形金型室の背圧室への流体の導入及
び排出を遮断する弁機構を有してなることを特徴とする
超塑性金属板の成形装置である。
A second aspect of the present invention is a means for fixing the periphery of the superplastic metal plate, a means for fixing and sealing the body part and the lid part, which are divided in the direction parallel to the metal plate, such that the body part and the lid part can be opened and closed. Means for heating to a temperature exhibiting plasticity, one space defined by the metal plate is a pressurizing chamber for introducing a pressurized fluid, and the other space faces the metal plate, and the surface of the molding die is fixed. And means for fixing a plurality of molding die chambers, each of which is composed of a back pressure chamber adjusted to a fluid pressure lower than that of the pressurizing chamber, in parallel with the metal plate in a parallel direction, and to add each molding die chamber. Into the pressure chamber and the back pressure chamber, means for introducing pressurized fluid from each single pressurized fluid source through parallel conduits, means for detecting fluid leakage in each molding die chamber, back pressure in each molding die chamber The formation of a superplastic metal plate characterized by having a valve mechanism that shuts off the introduction and discharge of fluid into the chamber. It is a device.
【００１８】本発明の対象となる超塑性金属板は、公知
のＡｌ，Ｚｎ，Ｔｉ，Ｆｅ，Ｎｉ等の各種の超塑性基合
金であり、板厚等も特に制限はない。The superplastic metal plate which is the object of the present invention is any of various known superplastic base alloys such as Al, Zn, Ti, Fe and Ni, and the plate thickness is not particularly limited.
【００１９】加圧流体としては、多くは気体であり、空
気あるいは必要に応じて窒素、アルゴン等の当該金属に
対して不活性の気体が使用されるが、またシリコン油等
の液体を使用することもある。The pressurized fluid is mostly a gas, and air or a gas inert to the metal such as nitrogen or argon is used if necessary, but a liquid such as silicon oil is also used. Sometimes.
【００２０】加圧室と背圧室からなる成形金型室の複数
を、金属板と平行方向に重ね合わせて固定することが本
発明の必須要件であるが、重ね合わせは垂直方向あるい
は水平方向のいずれであっても良い。水平方向は、成形
金型室の把持手段を工夫すれば、高温の成形製品の金型
室からの離形取り出しが能率的で作業性が改善される。It is an essential requirement of the present invention to fix a plurality of molding die chambers consisting of a pressurizing chamber and a back pressure chamber by stacking them in parallel with the metal plate in a parallel direction, and stacking them vertically or horizontally. It may be either. In the horizontal direction, if the gripping means of the molding die chamber is devised, it is possible to efficiently release the hot molded product from the die chamber and improve workability.
【００２１】成形金型室の重ね合わせ固定手段は、個々
の金型室同士の接続固定及びそれら一連の金型室群の把
持固定手段の両側面がある。特に限定されるものではな
いが、金型室の密閉性を損なわないように、一定の重ね
方で当接部に均等の圧力が負荷するように構成すること
が望ましい。金型室群の把持固定は、一般に金型の重ね
合わせ方向に油圧等によりストロークを調節しうる移動
板が適しており、該移動板面に金型室群の外端を固定係
止手段を具備すれば足りる。The stacking and fixing means of the molding die chambers has both side surfaces of the connecting and fixing of the individual die chambers and the gripping and fixing means of the series of die chambers. Although not particularly limited, it is desirable that a uniform pressure is applied to the abutting portion in a certain stacking manner so as not to impair the airtightness of the mold chamber. For gripping and fixing the mold chamber group, a moving plate whose stroke can be adjusted by hydraulic pressure or the like in the die stacking direction is generally suitable, and the outer end of the mold chamber group is fixed to the moving plate surface by locking means. It's enough if you have it.
【００２２】金型室は、被成形金属板の装入及び成形製
品の離形取り出しのため、金属板と平行方向に分割され
た胴部と蓋部に開閉可能に固定密閉する手段が必要であ
る。金型室が高温であるため加圧室、背圧室に流体を導
入して一定の流体加圧を印加、保持するに不可欠な密閉
性の確保は必ずしも容易ではなく、耐熱パッキン材など
も利用しうるが、胴と蓋との当接部に小丘状の金属ビー
ドを配設し、それを介して金属板の周囲を噛み挟む方式
が耐久性、機密性とも優れている。The mold chamber requires a means for fixing the metal plate to be molded and releasing the molded product from the mold in such a manner that the body part and the lid part, which are divided in the direction parallel to the metal plate, can be opened and closed. is there. Since the mold chamber is hot, it is not always easy to ensure the airtightness necessary to introduce and maintain a certain amount of fluid pressure by introducing fluid into the pressure chamber and back pressure chamber. However, a method of disposing a mound-shaped metal bead at the contact portion between the body and the lid and sandwiching the periphery of the metal plate through the bead is excellent in durability and airtightness.
【００２３】金型室からの成形製品の離脱取り出しは、
製品の形状によっては相当困難である。屈曲の深い複雑
形状の成形品の離形は金型と成形品の間に気体圧を印加
するか、加圧室を吸気し、真空にして離形する方法等が
有用である。Removal and removal of the molded product from the mold chamber
It is quite difficult depending on the shape of the product. For releasing a molded product having a deeply curved complex shape, a method of applying a gas pressure between the mold and the molded product or sucking a pressure chamber to make a vacuum and releasing the mold is useful.
【００２４】加圧室への流体の導入を、各成形金型室の
加圧室圧力を個々に独立して制御すると、加圧流体が一
つの金型室からリークした場合は、当該加圧室内の圧力
が急速に低下し、他の加圧室圧力とのバランスが崩れ、
金型室間に大きい圧力差が生じ、これにより隣接金型室
の高圧力による膨張、当該金型室の圧縮による金型の変
形、破損を発生する。これを防ぐために、金型室の構造
強化を図るのも一案であるが、金型室外殻の大型化、成
形数量の低減、設備のコストアップを招くので好ましく
ない。 このため、加圧室への流体の導入は、被成形金
属板、金型、成形温度、配管抵抗等の条件による最も厳
しいものに合わせて一元化制御する。When the introduction of the fluid into the pressurizing chambers is controlled independently of the pressures of the pressurizing chambers in the respective molding die chambers, if the pressurized fluid leaks from one die chamber, The pressure in the room drops rapidly, and the balance with the pressure in other pressurized rooms is lost,
A large pressure difference is generated between the mold chambers, which causes expansion of the adjacent mold chambers due to high pressure and deformation and damage of the molds due to compression of the mold chambers. In order to prevent this, it is an idea to strengthen the structure of the mold chamber, but this is not preferable because it causes an increase in the outer shell of the mold chamber, a decrease in the number of moldings, and an increase in the cost of equipment. Therefore, the introduction of the fluid into the pressurizing chamber is unified and controlled according to the most severe conditions such as the metal plate to be molded, the mold, the molding temperature, and the pipe resistance.
【００２５】本発明においては、各成形金型室群の各加
圧室、各背圧室はそれぞれ等圧下に保持する。このため
の具体的手段として、各単一加圧流体源から加圧流体を
平行管路により導入する。従って各加圧室は、各共通管
路により連結され、流体圧に関しては一室と見なせる状
態を構成する。各背圧室も同様である。In the present invention, each pressurizing chamber and each back pressure chamber of each molding die chamber group are kept under equal pressure. As a specific means for this, the pressurized fluid is introduced from each single pressurized fluid source through parallel conduits. Therefore, the respective pressurizing chambers are connected by the respective common pipes, and the fluid pressure can be regarded as one chamber. The same applies to each back pressure chamber.
【００２６】ここで加圧流体の漏洩とは、加圧室及び／
又は背圧室のシール部（蓋部と金属板の固定部）から外
部へのリーク及び、成形中の金属板の破れ等による加圧
室から背圧室への流体移入を含む。Here, the leakage of the pressurized fluid means the pressurized chamber and / or
Alternatively, it includes leakage from the seal portion (fixing portion of the lid and the metal plate) of the back pressure chamber to the outside and transfer of fluid from the pressure chamber to the back pressure chamber due to breakage of the metal plate during molding.
【００２７】前者の場合では、加圧流体が一つの金型室
の加圧室から外部漏洩した場合、その影響で金型室群全
体の加圧流体圧の低下及び金型室内に流体の流れが生
じ、金属板の冷却をもたらす。すなわち当該成形室の成
形条件が変化し、成形製品の同一性が失われるのはもと
より、他の金型室への加圧流体の導入速度も変化し、制
御系に乱れを生ずるため、かかるリークが発生した場合
は、当該金型室への流体導入管路の遮断弁を即時作動さ
せて制御系から外すことが必要である。In the former case, when the pressurized fluid leaks from the pressure chamber of one mold chamber to the outside, the pressure fluid pressure in the entire mold chamber group is lowered and the flow of the fluid into the mold chamber is affected by the influence. Occurs, resulting in cooling of the metal plate. In other words, the molding conditions of the molding chamber change, the identity of the molded product is lost, and the rate of introduction of the pressurized fluid into other mold chambers also changes, causing disturbances in the control system, causing such leakage. In the case of occurrence of the above, it is necessary to immediately operate the shutoff valve of the fluid introducing pipe to the mold chamber to remove it from the control system.
【００２８】本発明は、後者の場合に属するもので、そ
の殆どは成形中の金属板の破れに原因して生起するもの
であり、これが検知されれば直ちに背圧室への流体の導
入及び排出の経路を遮断するもので、これによって背圧
室は、加圧室からの流体の流入によって圧力が上昇し、
短時間に両室の流体圧は等圧となる。これによって当該
金型室の成形は停止されるが、隣接の金型室からの流体
圧による金型の変形は未然に防止され、被害は当該金型
室の成形の中止に留まるのである。The present invention belongs to the latter case, and most of them occur due to the breakage of the metal plate during molding, and when this is detected, the fluid is immediately introduced into the back pressure chamber. It shuts off the discharge path, which increases the pressure in the back pressure chamber due to the inflow of fluid from the pressure chamber,
The fluid pressure in both chambers becomes equal pressure in a short time. By this, the molding of the mold chamber is stopped, but the deformation of the mold due to the fluid pressure from the adjacent mold chamber is prevented in advance, and the damage is limited to the suspension of the molding of the mold chamber.
【００２９】金型室の加圧流体のリークを検知するに
は、周知の種々なる手段があるが、加圧室への定流速導
入中の流体圧上昇速度低下又は定圧力印加中の流体流速
増加の監視、あるいは背圧室への流体導入及び排出を遮
断し、背圧室内圧の上昇等を点検するなどによって行う
ことができる。There are various well-known means for detecting the leak of the pressurized fluid in the mold chamber. However, the rate of increase in the fluid pressure during the introduction of the constant flow velocity into the pressure chamber or the decrease in the fluid velocity during the application of the constant pressure is known. This can be done by monitoring the increase or by shutting off the introduction and discharge of fluid to the back pressure chamber and checking the rise in the back pressure chamber pressure.
【００３０】なお、重ね合わせる複数の金型室は、全数
同一形状、同一諸元に限定されず一部異なる形状、諸元
のものが混在することを妨げない。ただし、加圧室への
流体の導入は、被成形金属板、金型、成形温度、配管抵
抗等の条件による最も厳しいものに合わせて一元化制御
する。The plurality of mold chambers to be overlapped with each other are not limited to the same shape and the same specifications, and it is possible to prevent mixing of partially different shapes and specifications. However, the introduction of the fluid into the pressurizing chamber is controlled in a unified manner according to the most severe conditions such as the metal plate to be molded, the mold, the molding temperature, and the pipe resistance.
【００３１】本発明の実施において各成形金型室の温度
の均一性は重要で、予め昇温過程及び所定温度到達後の
温度分布を調査し、その結果に基づいて発熱素子の配置
及び放熱防止の手段を講ずる。一般に発熱素子は金属板
の成形温度のレベル、温度制御の適合性、エネルギーコ
スト等から選択されるが、一般に電気抵抗加熱が適用さ
れ、金型室内の発熱素子の配置は、熱放散の大きい外周
寄りに密に行われ、さらに外周部には放熱防止のため耐
火断熱ブランケットで包囲する等均熱性の向上対策が適
宜施される。In the practice of the present invention, the uniformity of the temperature of each molding die chamber is important, and the temperature rise process and the temperature distribution after reaching the predetermined temperature are investigated in advance, and based on the results, the arrangement of the heating elements and the heat dissipation prevention. Take the means of. Generally, the heating element is selected from the level of molding temperature of metal plate, suitability of temperature control, energy cost, etc., but generally electric resistance heating is applied, and the placement of the heating element in the mold chamber is a perimeter with large heat dissipation. The heat treatment is performed closer to each other, and the outer peripheral portion is appropriately covered with a refractory heat insulating blanket to prevent the heat radiation, such as improving the soaking property.
【００３２】本発明において、重ね合わされる金型室
は、各金型室の外周が当接して重ねる場合のみでなく、
発熱素子を埋設した発熱パネルのごときものを各金型室
の間に介装することも含まれる。また重ね合わせた金型
室群の両端を把持する前記の移動板の内部に発熱素子を
埋設することも有効できる。In the present invention, the mold chambers to be overlapped are not limited to the case where the outer circumferences of the mold chambers are in contact with each other and the mold chambers are overlapped with each other.
It also includes interposing between the mold chambers such as a heat generating panel in which a heat generating element is embedded. It is also effective to embed a heating element inside the moving plate that holds both ends of the overlapping mold chamber groups.
【００３３】[0033]
【作用】この発明は、超塑性金属板によって区画された
一方の空間に加圧流体を導入する加圧室と、他方の空間
に該金属板と対面して成形金型表面が固定され、かつ上
記加圧室より低い流体圧に調整された背圧室とによって
構成される成形金型室において、上記加圧室の流体圧に
より上記金属板を上記成形金型表面に押圧して超塑性成
形する方法において、上記成形金型室の複数を、上記金
属板と平行方向に重ね合わせて成形するため、重ね合わ
せる成形金型室の個数に比例して一挙に多数の成形を行
うことができる。According to the present invention, a pressurizing chamber for introducing a pressurizing fluid into one space partitioned by a superplastic metal plate, and a molding die surface fixed to the other space facing the metal plate, In a molding die chamber composed of a back pressure chamber adjusted to a fluid pressure lower than that of the pressure chamber, the metal plate is pressed against the surface of the molding die by the fluid pressure of the pressure chamber to perform superplastic forming. In the method described above, since a plurality of the molding die chambers are overlapped and formed in parallel with the metal plate, a large number of moldings can be performed at once in proportion to the number of overlapping molding die chambers.
【００３４】特に本発明は、上記した金型室の複数を重
ね合わせて成形する場合に、成形中の金属板の破れに原
因して生起する加圧室から背圧室へ流体のリークであ
り、これが検知されれば直ちに背圧室への流体の導入及
び流出の経路を遮断するもので、これによって背圧室
は、加圧室からのリーク流体の流入によって圧力が上昇
し、短時間に両室の流体圧は等圧となる。これによって
当該金型室の成形は停止されるが、背圧室に隣接する金
型室の加圧室からの大きな差圧荷重による金型の変形は
阻止され、被害は当該金型室の成形の中止に留まり、最
小限度の生産減少をもって高価な金型の変形が防止され
る。In particular, the present invention relates to a fluid leak from the pressurizing chamber to the back pressure chamber, which occurs due to the breakage of the metal plate during the molding when a plurality of the above-mentioned mold chambers are superposed and molded. If this is detected, it immediately shuts off the passage of the fluid to and from the back pressure chamber, which increases the pressure in the back pressure chamber due to the inflow of the leak fluid from the pressure chamber, and in a short time. The fluid pressure in both chambers is equal. This stops the molding of the mold chamber, but the deformation of the mold due to a large differential pressure load from the pressurizing chamber of the mold chamber adjacent to the back pressure chamber is prevented, and damage is caused in the molding of the mold chamber. However, the deformation of the expensive mold is prevented with a minimum reduction in production.
【００３５】[0035]
【実施例１】[Example 1]
【００３６】以下、本発明の実施例を図を引用して説明
するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
【００３７】図１は、同一の成形金型室１を多数垂直方
向に重ね合わせ、垂直方向にストロークを有する油圧移
動しうる移動板１３、１４によって狭持固定した成形金
型室群を示している。FIG. 1 shows a group of molding mold chambers in which a plurality of identical molding mold chambers 1 are vertically stacked and sandwiched and fixed by movable plates 13 and 14 which have a stroke in the vertical direction and which can be hydraulically moved. There is.
【００３８】成形金型室１は、被成形超塑性金属板２の
周囲を、胴部７の外周縁面上に配設した小丘状の金属ビ
ード８と、蓋部６の外周縁下面の間に噛み挟んで密に固
定し、該金属シートの上方に加圧室３と下方に該金属板
と対面して成形表面４を固定した背圧室５を構成してい
る。The molding die chamber 1 includes a bead-shaped metal bead 8 arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the body 7 around the superplastic metal plate 2 to be molded, and a lower surface of the outer peripheral edge of the lid 6. A pressure chamber 3 is sandwiched between the metal sheets and fixed tightly, and a pressure chamber 3 is formed above the metal sheet, and a back pressure chamber 5 is formed below in which the molding surface 4 is fixed so as to face the metal plate.
【００３９】各成形金型室の蓋部６の内張り耐火材６ａ
中には電気抵抗発熱体１２を埋設し、この発熱は室内を
加熱するとともに金型室相互の熱伝導により温度を均等
化する。積み重ねた金型室群の両端は発熱体を埋設した
金型室の蓋部又は胴部とし、移動板による奪熱をカバー
している。各成形金型室の測温は金属板２の中央直上に
配設したシースカップル（図示省略）により行い、温度
は予め設定した昇温速度及び所定加熱温度に自動制御し
た。Refractory material 6a lined in the lid 6 of each molding die chamber
An electric resistance heating element 12 is embedded therein, and this heat generation heats the inside of the chamber and equalizes the temperature by heat conduction between the mold chambers. Both ends of the stacked mold chamber groups are lids or barrels of the mold chambers in which the heating elements are embedded, and cover the heat removal by the moving plate. The temperature of each molding die chamber was measured by a sheath couple (not shown) arranged right above the center of the metal plate 2, and the temperature was automatically controlled at a preset heating rate and a predetermined heating temperature.
【００４０】加圧室３へは、図示してない圧縮空気源か
ら遮断弁９を経て加圧空気を導入した。Pressurized air was introduced into the pressurizing chamber 3 from a compressed air source (not shown) through the shutoff valve 9.
【００４１】背圧室５へは、上記と同様に遮断弁１０を
経て加圧空気を導入した。また、背圧室内圧の調整用又
は、成形後の減圧用に排気弁１１を配設した。Pressurized air was introduced into the back pressure chamber 5 through the shutoff valve 10 in the same manner as described above. Further, the exhaust valve 11 is provided for adjusting the back pressure chamber pressure or for reducing the pressure after molding.
【００４２】上記した気体導入、排出は、圧力制御手段
を経て予め設定した値に自動制御した。図２は、本発明
の成形方法のうち温度、流体圧の制御方法の一例を示す
説明図で、重ね合わされた成形金型室１の加圧室３に
は、遮断弁９を介して流体が導入される。加圧流体源２
８より、遮断弁２７、流量制御弁２６を経て流体制御機
構２５に導入された流体は、集合管路２３、並列管路２
３ａ、流量計２３ｂを経て各遮断弁９に至る。（集合管
路２３より下流の管路に流量制御弁は設けない）The above-mentioned gas introduction and discharge were automatically controlled to a preset value via the pressure control means. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example of a method of controlling temperature and fluid pressure in the molding method of the present invention. In the pressurizing chamber 3 of the superposed molding die chambers 1, fluid is passed through a shutoff valve 9. be introduced. Pressurized fluid source 2
The fluid introduced from No. 8 into the fluid control mechanism 25 through the shutoff valve 27 and the flow rate control valve 26 is collected conduit 23, parallel conduit 2
Each shutoff valve 9 is reached via 3a and the flow meter 23b. (No flow control valve is provided in the pipeline downstream of the collecting pipeline 23)
【００４３】背圧室５には、遮断弁１０を介して流体が
導入される。流体導入管路は、同様に流体制御機構２
５、集合管路２４、並列管路２４ａ、遮断弁１０に至
る。１１は、背圧室５からの排気弁であるが図示のごと
く集合管路とするのは必須要件ではない。A fluid is introduced into the back pressure chamber 5 via a shutoff valve 10. Similarly, the fluid introducing line is the fluid control mechanism 2
5, the collecting pipe line 24, the parallel pipe line 24a, and the shutoff valve 10. Reference numeral 11 is an exhaust valve from the back pressure chamber 5, but it is not an essential requirement to use a collecting pipe as shown in the drawing.
【００４４】加圧室から背圧室への流体漏洩すなわち金
属板２の破断を検知する手段としては、流量計２３ｂに
より定圧力印加中の管路の流体流速増加が一定値を超え
た場合に流体漏洩信号を発信し、流体制御機構２５が作
動し、当該金型室の背圧室の遮断弁１０及び排気弁１１
を同時に遮断する制御方式を適用した。A means for detecting the fluid leakage from the pressurizing chamber to the back pressure chamber, that is, the breakage of the metal plate 2 is used when the flow velocity increase in the pipeline during the application of the constant pressure by the flow meter 23b exceeds a certain value. A fluid leakage signal is transmitted, the fluid control mechanism 25 is activated, and the shutoff valve 10 and the exhaust valve 11 of the back pressure chamber of the mold chamber are activated.
A control method that simultaneously shuts off is applied.
【００４５】各加圧室及び背圧室の流体圧は、個別に計
測すれば、その圧力変化によりリークを検出することが
できる。この例では流量変化によりリークを検出するの
で個別に圧力を計測する必要はなく、流体制御機構内に
接続した集合管路２３及び２４の圧力値の計測で満足さ
れた。If the fluid pressure in each pressurizing chamber and the back pressure chamber is individually measured, the leak can be detected by the change in the pressure. In this example, since the leak is detected by the change in the flow rate, it is not necessary to individually measure the pressure, and the measurement of the pressure values of the collecting pipe lines 23 and 24 connected in the fluid control mechanism was satisfied.
【００４６】各成形金型室１の被成形超塑性金属板２の
測温は加圧室内中央の金属板の上方に先端を配設した熱
電対２９によって行う。温度制御機構３０は、各金型別
に測温値を設定値と対比し、電源３２、電力供給ケーブ
ル３１を介して作動する。The temperature of the molded superplastic metal plate 2 in each molding die chamber 1 is measured by a thermocouple 29 whose tip is disposed above the metal plate in the center of the pressurizing chamber. The temperature control mechanism 30 compares the temperature measurement value with the set value for each mold and operates via the power supply 32 and the power supply cable 31.
【００４７】成形終了後は金型室１内を大気圧とし、各
成形金型室を開蓋し、成形製品をフォーク型引き抜き装
置により水平方向に取り出した。成形品はいずれも金型
形状を完全に転写しており、品質の均一性は充分満足で
きるものであった。さらに、金属板破断による成形金型
室内の流体のリークが検知された場合、当該背圧室の遮
断弁１０及び排出弁１１の遮断は確実に作動し、当該金
型の変形は皆無であり、設備の保全は確実になされ、本
発明の作用効果が確認できた。After the completion of molding, the inside of the mold chamber 1 was brought to atmospheric pressure, each molding mold chamber was opened, and the molded product was taken out in the horizontal direction by a fork mold drawing device. In all of the molded products, the mold shape was completely transferred, and the uniformity of quality was sufficiently satisfactory. Further, when a fluid leak in the molding die chamber due to the rupture of the metal plate is detected, the shutoff valve 10 and the discharge valve 11 of the back pressure chamber are reliably shut off, and the die is not deformed. The equipment was reliably maintained, and the operational effects of the present invention were confirmed.
【００４８】[0048]
【発明の効果】本発明は、超塑性金属板を所定温度に加
熱した成形金型室内において流体圧により成形する方法
であって、上記成形金型室の複数を、上記金属板に平行
方向に重ね合わせて固定して成形するため、多数の成形
金型室を重ね合わせことによって一挙に多数の成形品が
得られるから、生産性を飛躍的に向上することができ
る。The present invention is a method of forming a superplastic metal sheet by fluid pressure in a forming die chamber heated to a predetermined temperature, wherein a plurality of the forming die chambers are arranged in a direction parallel to the metal plate. Since the molding is performed by stacking and fixing, a large number of molded products can be obtained at a time by stacking a large number of molding die chambers, so that the productivity can be dramatically improved.
【００４９】この発明は、特に上記の成形方法において
成形中に金属板の破断による加圧室から背圧室への流体
漏洩に起因する高価な金型の変形を未然に防止する方法
及び装置を創出したもので、これによって金型室の大型
化、コストアップ等を伴わずに簡易な手段によって装置
保全の方策を提供したものであり、上記の成形方法の問
題点を解決した点で商業的実施への寄与は大きい。In particular, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for preventing expensive deformation of a mold due to fluid leakage from a pressure chamber to a back pressure chamber due to breakage of a metal plate in the above-mentioned molding method. It was created, and this provided a measure for equipment maintenance by a simple means without increasing the size of the mold chamber and increasing the cost, and it was commercialized in that it solved the problems of the above molding method. The contribution to implementation is large.
【００５０】[0050]
【図１】この発明の垂直方向に成形金型室を重ね合わせ
方式の装置の１例を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of an apparatus of a method of superposing molding die chambers in a vertical direction of the present invention.
【図２】この発明の成形方法における制御系統例の説明
図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a control system in the molding method of the present invention.
１ 成形金型室 ２ 被成形超塑性金属板 ３ 加圧室 ４ 金型 ５ 背圧室 ６ 蓋部 ７ 胴部 ８ 金属ビード ９ 加圧室への流体遮断弁 １０ 背圧室への流体遮断弁 １１ 排気弁 １２ 発熱素子 １３、１４ 油圧移動板 ２３、２４ 集合管路 ２３ａ、２４ａ 平列管路 ２３ｂ 流量計 ２５ 流体制御機構 ２８ 加圧流体源 ２９ 熱電対 ３０ 温度制御機構 1 Molding die chamber 2 Superplastic metal plate to be molded 3 Pressurizing chamber 4 Mold 5 Back pressure chamber 6 Lid 7 Body 8 Metal bead 9 Fluid shutoff valve to pressurization chamber 10 Fluid shutoff valve to back pressure chamber 11 Exhaust Valve 12 Heating Element 13, 14 Hydraulic Moving Plate 23, 24 Collecting Pipeline 23a, 24a Flat Pipeline 23b Flowmeter 25 Fluid Control Mechanism 28 Pressurized Fluid Source 29 Thermocouple 30 Temperature Control Mechanism
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 田形 勉 東京都中央区日本橋室町４丁目３番18号 スカイアルミニウム株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tsutomu Tagata 4-3-18 Nihombashi Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Sky Aluminum Co., Ltd.
Claims (2)
固定した超塑性金属板によって区画された一方の空間に
加圧流体を導入する加圧室と、他方の空間に該金属板と
対面して成形金型表面が固定され、かつ上記加圧室より
低い流体圧に調整された背圧室とによって構成される成
形金型室において、上記加圧室に流体圧を印加すること
により上記超塑性金属板を上記成形金型表面に押圧して
超塑性成形する方法において、上記成形金型室の複数
を、上記金属板と平行方向に重ね合わせて成形金型室群
を形成し、成形中は、各成形金形室の加圧室及び各背圧
室はそれぞれ等圧下に保持し、成形金型室群の一部に流
体漏洩が検知されれば、当該流体漏洩金型室の背圧室へ
の流体の導入及び排出を遮断して成形することを特徴と
する超塑性金属板の成形方法。1. A pressurizing chamber for introducing a pressurized fluid into one space partitioned by a superplastic metal plate whose periphery is hermetically fixed and heated to a temperature exhibiting superplasticity, and the metal plate in the other space. By applying a fluid pressure to the pressure chamber in a molding die chamber that is formed by a back pressure chamber whose fluid pressure is adjusted to be lower than that of the pressure chamber, the surface of the molding die being fixed In the method of superplastic forming by pressing the superplastic metal plate to the forming die surface, a plurality of the forming die chambers are formed in a parallel with the metal plate to form a forming die chamber group, During molding, the pressurizing chamber and each back pressure chamber of each molding die chamber are kept under equal pressure respectively, and if fluid leakage is detected in a part of the molding die chamber group, the fluid leakage die chamber Forming a superplastic metal plate characterized by blocking the introduction and discharge of fluid to the back pressure chamber Shape method.
段、該金属板と平行方向に分割された胴部と蓋部を開閉
可能に密閉固定する手段、該金属板を超塑性を示す温度
に加熱する手段、該金属板によって区画される一方の空
間は加圧流体を導入する加圧室と、他方の空間は該金属
板と対面して成形金型表面が固定され、かつ上記加圧室
より低い流体圧に調整された背圧室とによって構成され
る成形金型室の複数を、上記金属板と平行方向に重ね合
わせて成形金型室群を構成し、該金型室群を固定する手
段、各成形金型室の加圧室及び背圧室には各単一加圧流
体源から加圧流体を平行管路により導入する手段、上記
各成形金型室の加圧室から背圧室への流体漏洩を検知す
る手段、各成形金型室の背圧室への流体の導入及び排出
を遮断する弁機構を有してなることを特徴とする超塑性
金属板の成形装置。2. A means for hermetically fixing the periphery of a superplastic metal plate, a means for hermetically fixing the body and lid divided in the direction parallel to the metal plate so that the metal plate can be opened and closed, and a temperature at which the metal plate exhibits superplasticity. Means for heating to, a pressure chamber for introducing a pressurized fluid into one space defined by the metal plate, and a molding die surface fixed to the other space facing the metal plate, and A plurality of molding die chambers constituted by a back pressure chamber adjusted to a fluid pressure lower than that of the chambers, and forming a molding die chamber group by stacking the molding die chamber groups in parallel with the metal plate. A means for fixing, a means for introducing a pressurized fluid from each single pressurized fluid source to the pressurizing chamber and the back pressure chamber of each molding die chamber by a parallel conduit, Includes a means for detecting fluid leakage to the back pressure chamber, and a valve mechanism that shuts off the introduction and discharge of fluid to the back pressure chamber of each molding die chamber. An apparatus for forming a superplastic metal plate, which is characterized in that
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28993393A JP3262655B2 (en) | 1993-10-26 | 1993-10-26 | Method and apparatus for forming superplastic metal sheet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28993393A JP3262655B2 (en) | 1993-10-26 | 1993-10-26 | Method and apparatus for forming superplastic metal sheet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07116748A true JPH07116748A (en) | 1995-05-09 |
| JP3262655B2 JP3262655B2 (en) | 2002-03-04 |
Family
ID=17749633
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28993393A Expired - Fee Related JP3262655B2 (en) | 1993-10-26 | 1993-10-26 | Method and apparatus for forming superplastic metal sheet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3262655B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6128936A (en) * | 1998-09-09 | 2000-10-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Opton | Bulging device and bulging method |
| JP2006116605A (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2006-05-11 | General Motors Corp <Gm> | Heated die for hot forming |
| WO2011006557A1 (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2011-01-20 | Theodor Gräbener GmbH & Co. KG | Mould and device for producing shaped parts |
| WO2018049511A1 (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2018-03-22 | Eugene Ryzer | Use of a supersonic fluidic oscillator in superplastic forming and system for same |
| CN112692149A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gas forming method for aluminum alloy covering part with short steps and small round corners |
-
1993
- 1993-10-26 JP JP28993393A patent/JP3262655B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6128936A (en) * | 1998-09-09 | 2000-10-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Opton | Bulging device and bulging method |
| JP2006116605A (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2006-05-11 | General Motors Corp <Gm> | Heated die for hot forming |
| WO2011006557A1 (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2011-01-20 | Theodor Gräbener GmbH & Co. KG | Mould and device for producing shaped parts |
| EP2277642A1 (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2011-01-26 | Theodor Gräbener GmbH & Co. KG | Tool and device for manufacturing of moulded parts |
| WO2018049511A1 (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2018-03-22 | Eugene Ryzer | Use of a supersonic fluidic oscillator in superplastic forming and system for same |
| US10875072B2 (en) | 2016-09-19 | 2020-12-29 | Eugene Ryzer | Use of a supersonic fluidic oscillator in superplastic forming and system for same |
| CN112692149A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gas forming method for aluminum alloy covering part with short steps and small round corners |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3262655B2 (en) | 2002-03-04 |
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