JPH07102308B2 - Hollow fiber type mass transfer device - Google Patents
Hollow fiber type mass transfer deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07102308B2 JPH07102308B2 JP2255056A JP25505690A JPH07102308B2 JP H07102308 B2 JPH07102308 B2 JP H07102308B2 JP 2255056 A JP2255056 A JP 2255056A JP 25505690 A JP25505690 A JP 25505690A JP H07102308 B2 JPH07102308 B2 JP H07102308B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- header
- hollow fiber
- blood
- transfer device
- casing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/21—Specific headers, end caps
Landscapes
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、中空糸を利用した透析、限外濾過、膜濾過、
逆浸透、気−気分離、気−液分離、液−液分離、個−液
分離等に用いられる中空糸型物質移動装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to dialysis using hollow fibers, ultrafiltration, membrane filtration,
The present invention relates to a hollow fiber type mass transfer device used for reverse osmosis, gas-gas separation, gas-liquid separation, liquid-liquid separation, individual-liquid separation and the like.
［従来の技術］ 中空糸型物質移動装置は、例えば特公昭63−52522号公
報に記載の如く、ケーシング内に多数の中空糸が装填さ
れ、該中空糸束の端部が該ケーシングの端部に充填固化
される合成高分子材料の隔壁部材により支持されて各中
空糸の開口部が該隔壁部材の外端面に開口される。[Prior Art] In a hollow fiber type mass transfer device, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-52222, a large number of hollow fibers are loaded in a casing, and the end of the hollow fiber bundle is the end of the casing. The hollow fiber is supported by a partition wall member of a synthetic polymer material that is filled and solidified in the hollow fiber, and the opening of each hollow fiber is opened to the outer end surface of the partition wall member.
そして、各中空糸の開口部全体を包囲する漏斗状ヘッダ
ーの大径被着口部が該ケーシングの端部に接続され、該
ヘッダーの小径接続口部には第１物質（例えば血液）循
環回路が接続され、該ケーシングに設けた接続口部に
は、該中空糸束の周囲の空間に連通する第２物質（例え
ば透析液）循環回路が接続される。Then, the large-diameter adhered portion of the funnel-shaped header that surrounds the entire opening of each hollow fiber is connected to the end of the casing, and the first substance (for example, blood) circulation circuit is provided in the small-diameter connection portion of the header. The second substance (for example, dialysate) circulation circuit communicating with the space around the hollow fiber bundle is connected to the connection port provided in the casing.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ 然しながら、従来技術では、第１物質が流入するヘッダ
ー内で第１物質の偏流及び滞溜を生じ、その滞溜部に沈
殿物又は堆積物の生成を見ることがある。特に第１物質
が血液の場合には血栓が生成される。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, according to the conventional technique, uneven distribution and retention of the first substance occur in the header into which the first substance flows, and formation of a precipitate or a deposit is observed in the retention part. There is. Especially when the first substance is blood, thrombus is generated.
尚、上述のヘッダー内における第１物質の偏流及び滞溜
の発生は、ヘッダーの小径接続口部に接続される第１物
質循環回路がヘッダー軸心に対して曲がりをなす等にお
いて顕著である。The occurrence of the drift and retention of the first substance in the header is remarkable when the first substance circulation circuit connected to the small-diameter connection port of the header bends with respect to the header axis.
本発明は、中空糸型物質移動装置において、第１物質が
流入するヘッダー内で第１物質の偏流及び滞溜をなく
し、沈殿物又は堆積物の生成を見ることなく、良好な物
質処理性能を確保することを目的とする。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY In the hollow fiber type mass transfer device, the present invention eliminates uneven flow and retention of the first substance in the header into which the first substance flows, and achieves good substance treatment performance without observing formation of precipitates or deposits. The purpose is to secure.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 請求項１に記載の本発明は、ケーシング内に多数の中空
糸が装填され、該中空糸束の端部が該ケーシングの端部
の隔壁部材により支持されて各中空糸の開口部が該隔壁
部材の外端面に開口され、各中空糸の開口部全体を包囲
する少なくとも１つの漏斗状ヘッダーの大径被着口部が
該ケーシングの端部に接続され、該ヘッダーの小径接続
口部には第１物質循環回路が接続され、該ケーシングに
設けた接続口部には該中空糸束の周囲の空間に連通する
少なくとも１つの第２物質循環回路が接続されて構成さ
れる中空糸型物質移動装置において、該ヘッダーの内面
が、該被着口部側の略テーパ部と、該接続口部側の略ス
トレート部とを、アール部にて連続化したものであり、
該ヘッダーの被着口部内径をＤとし、該ヘッダーの該被
着口部から該接続口部までの高さをＨとするとき、0.8
≦H/D≦1.2であるようにしたものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] In the present invention according to claim 1, a large number of hollow fibers are loaded in a casing, and an end portion of the hollow fiber bundle is supported by a partition member at an end portion of the casing. An opening of each hollow fiber is opened in an outer end surface of the partition member, and a large diameter attachment port of at least one funnel-shaped header surrounding the entire opening of each hollow fiber is connected to an end of the casing, A first substance circulation circuit is connected to the small-diameter connection port of the header, and at least one second substance circulation circuit communicating with the space around the hollow fiber bundle is connected to the connection port provided in the casing. In a hollow fiber type mass transfer device configured as follows, the inner surface of the header has a substantially tapered portion on the side of the adhered port and a substantially straight portion on the side of the connection port which are continuous with a rounded portion. And
When the inner diameter of the attachment port of the header is D and the height from the attachment port of the header to the connection port is H, 0.8
≦ H / D ≦ 1.2.
請求項２に記載の本発明は、請求項１に記載の本発明に
おいて更に、前記H/Dが0.9≦H/D≦1.1であるようにした
ものである。The present invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the H / D is 0.9 ≦ H / D ≦ 1.1.
請求項３に記載の本発明は、請求項１又は２に記載の本
発明において更に、前記略テーパ部の勾配θが20度≦θ
≦25度であるようにしたものである。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the gradient θ of the substantially tapered portion is 20 ° ≦ θ.
It is set such that ≦ 25 degrees.
［作用］ 本発明によれば、下記、の作用効果がある。[Operation] According to the present invention, there are the following operation effects.
本発明者の実験検討の結果、ヘッダーの被着口部内径
をＤとし、ヘッダーの被着口部から接続口部までの高さ
をＨとするとき、下記（ａ）〜（ｃ）の作用がある。As a result of experiments conducted by the present inventor, when the inner diameter of the header attachment port is D and the height from the header attachment port to the connection port is H, the following effects (a) to (c) are obtained. There is.
（ａ）H/D＜0.8では、第１物質循環回路からヘッダー内
に導入される第１物質の流線をヘッダー軸心方向に規制
する、ヘッダー高さ方向経路（特に略ストレート部の経
路）長さが比較的短尺となる。このため、第１物質はヘ
ッダー内にてヘッダー軸心方向に沿うストレート流れを
形成されるに至らず、ひいてはヘッダー軸心方向に対し
て曲がりをなす如くの偏流を生じ、結果として、被着口
部近傍の内面の周方向の局部に滞溜部を生じ易く、第１
物質が血液の場合は血栓の発生をみる。(A) When H / D <0.8, a header height direction path (particularly a substantially straight path) that regulates the streamline of the first substance introduced into the header from the first substance circulation circuit in the header axial direction The length is relatively short. For this reason, the first substance does not form a straight flow in the header along the axial direction of the header, and consequently, a deflected flow that bends with respect to the axial direction of the header is generated. It is easy to form a retention part on the inner surface of the inner surface in the circumferential direction near the first part.
If the substance is blood, see thrombus development.
（ｂ）H/D＞1.2では、第１物質循環回路からヘッダー内
に導入される第１物質の流線をヘッダー軸心方向に規制
する、ヘッダー高さ方向経路（特に略ストレート部の経
路）長さが比較的長尺となる。このため、第１物質はヘ
ッダー内にてヘッダー軸方向に沿う強いストレート流れ
を生じ、ひいてはヘッダー内の中心部の流量分布が密、
外周よりの流量分布が疎となる如くの偏流を生じ、結果
として、被着口部近傍の内面の周方向の略全部に滞溜部
を生じ易く、第１物質が血液の場合は血栓の発生をみ
る。(B) In H / D> 1.2, a header height direction path (particularly a substantially straight path) that restricts the streamline of the first material introduced into the header from the first material circulation circuit in the header axial direction The length is relatively long. Therefore, the first substance causes a strong straight flow in the header along the axial direction of the header, which in turn results in a dense flow distribution in the center of the header.
Uneven flow is generated such that the flow rate distribution from the outer periphery becomes sparse, and as a result, a stagnant portion is likely to occur on almost the entire inner surface in the circumferential direction in the vicinity of the attachment port, and when the first substance is blood, thrombus is generated. Look at.
（ｃ）0.8≦H/D≦1.2では、第１物質循環回路からヘッ
ダー内に導入される第１物質の流線をヘッダー軸心方向
に規制する、ヘッダー高さ方向経路（特に略ストレート
部の経路）長さが、適度となる（0.9≦H/D≦1.1であれ
ば、より適度となる）。このため、第１物質はヘッダー
内にてヘッダー軸心方向に沿う適度なストレート流れを
生じ、ひいてはヘッダー内に偏流を生ずることなく、結
果として、ヘッダー内に滞溜部を生ずることがなく、特
に、第１物質が血液の場合には血栓の発生をみることが
ない。よって、良好な物質処理性能を確保できる。(C) When 0.8 ≦ H / D ≦ 1.2, the header height direction path (particularly in the substantially straight portion) that regulates the streamline of the first substance introduced into the header from the first substance circulation circuit in the header axial direction The path length is moderate (more appropriate if 0.9 ≦ H / D ≦ 1.1). Therefore, the first substance causes an appropriate straight flow in the header along the axial direction of the header, and thus does not cause uneven flow in the header, and as a result, does not cause a stagnant portion in the header. However, when the first substance is blood, no thrombus is observed. Therefore, good substance processing performance can be secured.
ヘッダーの内面が、略テーパ部と略ストレート部とを
アール部で連続化した。流入してくる物質は先ず略スト
レート部で軸方向に向けて整流され、次いで連続したア
ール部で軸直角方向への拡がりを緩やかに進められ、更
に最終的に略テーパ部で中空糸内部へ押し込まれる。即
ち、本発明は、略ストレート部とアール部と略テーパ部
が備わった上で初めて上述のH/Dが効果を挙げるもの
となる。もし、略ストレート部と略テーパ部との間にア
ール部がないと、物質の流れが、略ストレート部の影響
を強く受け、略テーパ部の略ストレート部末端まわり部
分で滞溜を生ずるものとなる。また、最終的な略テーパ
部がないと、中空糸内部へ押し込む流れが生じにくく、
ヘッダーの外周域で流れの滞溜を生ずる。On the inner surface of the header, a substantially tapered portion and a substantially straight portion are continuous with a rounded portion. The inflowing substance is first straightened in the substantially straight part in the axial direction, then gradually spread in the direction perpendicular to the axis in the continuous rounded part, and finally pushed into the hollow fiber at the substantially tapered part. Be done. That is, in the present invention, the above H / D is effective only when the substantially straight portion, the rounded portion and the substantially tapered portion are provided. If there is no rounded portion between the substantially straight portion and the substantially tapered portion, the flow of the substance is strongly influenced by the substantially straight portion, and stagnation occurs at the portion around the end of the substantially straight portion of the substantially tapered portion. Become. If there is no final tapered portion, the flow of pushing into the hollow fiber is less likely to occur,
Flow retention occurs in the outer peripheral area of the header.
［実施例］ 第１図は本発明に係るヘッダー形状の一例を示す断面
図、第２図は本発明に係るヘッダー形状を選定するため
に行なった実験回路を示す模式図、第３図（Ａ）、
（Ｂ）はH/D＝0.7の血液流れ状態を示す模式図、第４図
（Ａ）、（Ｂ）はH/D＝0.8の血液流れ状態を示す模式
図、第５図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）はH/D＝0.9の血液流れ状態を
示す模式図、第６図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）はH/D＝1.0の血液流
れ状態を示す模式図、第７図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）はH/D＝1.1
の血液流れ状態を示す模式図、第８図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）は
H/D＝1.2の血液流れ状態を示す模式図、第９図（Ａ）、
（Ｂ）はH/D＝1.3の血液流れ状態を示す模式図、第10図
は本発明の人工腎臓の一例を示す断面図である。[Examples] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a header shape according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an experimental circuit performed for selecting a header shape according to the present invention, and FIG. ),
(B) is a schematic diagram showing a blood flow state of H / D = 0.7, FIG. 4 (A), (B) is a schematic diagram showing a blood flow state of H / D = 0.8, FIG. 5 (A), (B) is a schematic diagram showing a blood flow state of H / D = 0.9, FIG. 6 (A), (B) is a schematic diagram showing a blood flow state of H / D = 1.0, FIG. 7 (A), (B) is H / D = 1.1
8A and 8B are schematic diagrams showing the blood flow state of
Schematic diagram showing the blood flow state when H / D = 1.2, FIG. 9 (A),
(B) is a schematic view showing a blood flow state of H / D = 1.3, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing an example of the artificial kidney of the present invention.
人工腎臓10は、第10図に示す如く、円筒状のケーシング
11内に多数の中空糸12を装填され、中空糸束13の両端部
をケーシング11の両端部にて充填固化されるポッティン
グ樹脂の隔壁部材14、15により支持する。The artificial kidney 10 has a cylindrical casing as shown in FIG.
A large number of hollow fibers 12 are loaded in 11 and both ends of the hollow fiber bundle 13 are supported by partitioning members 14 and 15 of potting resin which are filled and solidified at both ends of the casing 11.
各中空糸12の開口部は隔壁部材14、15の外端面に開口さ
れ、各中空糸12の開口部全体を包囲する漏斗状ヘッダー
16、17の大径被着口部16A、17Aがケーシング11の両端部
に接着又は螺着等にて被着される。尚、18、19はＯリン
グ等のシール部材である。The opening of each hollow fiber 12 is opened at the outer end surface of the partition members 14 and 15, and the funnel-shaped header surrounds the entire opening of each hollow fiber 12.
The large-diameter attachment ports 16A and 17A of 16 and 17 are attached to both ends of the casing 11 by adhesion, screwing, or the like. Incidentally, 18 and 19 are sealing members such as O-rings.
ヘッダー16の小径接続口部16Bには血液循環回路が接続
されて各中空糸12の開口部に連通する血液流入ポート21
が設けられ、ヘッダー17の小径接続口部17Bには血液循
環回路が接続されて各中空糸12の開口部に連通する血液
流出ポート22が設けられる。また、ケーシング11の隔壁
部材15寄りに位置する接続口部11Aには中空糸束13の周
囲の空間に連通する透析液流入ポート23が設けられると
ともに、隔壁部材14寄りに位置する接続口部11Bには中
空糸束13の周囲の空間に連通する透析液流出ポート24が
設けられる。A blood inflow port 21 is connected to the small-diameter connection port 16B of the header 16 and communicates with the opening of each hollow fiber 12
A blood circulation circuit is connected to the small diameter connection port 17B of the header 17 and a blood outflow port 22 communicating with the opening of each hollow fiber 12 is provided. Further, the connection port portion 11A located near the partition member 15 of the casing 11 is provided with a dialysate inflow port 23 communicating with the space around the hollow fiber bundle 13, and the connection port portion 11B located near the partition member 14 as well. A dialysate outflow port 24 communicating with the space around the hollow fiber bundle 13 is provided therein.
即ち、人工腎臓10にあっては、血液流入ポート21から流
入して血液流出ポート22から流出する血液の図において
下向流と、透析液流入ポート23から流入して透析液流出
ポート24から流出する透析液の図において上向流とを、
多数の中空糸12の半透膜を介して互いに物質移動せしめ
る。That is, in the artificial kidney 10, downward flow in the figure of blood flowing in from the blood inflow port 21 and flowing out from the blood outflow port 22 and inflow from the dialysate inflow port 23 and outflow from the dialysate outflow port 24. Upflow with the dialysate diagram
A large number of hollow fibers 12 are allowed to mass-transfer to each other through the semipermeable membrane.
尚、人工腎臓10において、ケーシング11、ヘッダー16、
17は例えばポリプロピレン、ポリカーボネート等の硬質
合成樹脂材料等にて構成される。Incidentally, in the artificial kidney 10, the casing 11, the header 16,
17 is made of a hard synthetic resin material such as polypropylene or polycarbonate.
また、隔壁部材14、15は、例えばポリウレタン、シリコ
ーン等の合成樹脂材料等にて構成される。The partition members 14 and 15 are made of, for example, a synthetic resin material such as polyurethane or silicone.
また、中空糸12は、例えば、人工腎臓の場合は再生セル
ロース、人工肺の場合はポリプロピレン等から構成さ
れ、内径約200μ、肉厚９〜15μの半透膜を形成する。
中空糸束13は、例えば500〜15,000本の中空糸12の集合
体である。The hollow fiber 12 is made of, for example, regenerated cellulose in the case of an artificial kidney, polypropylene in the case of an artificial lung, and forms a semipermeable membrane having an inner diameter of about 200 μ and a wall thickness of 9 to 15 μ.
The hollow fiber bundle 13 is an assembly of, for example, 500 to 15,000 hollow fibers 12.
然して、上記人工腎臓10において、血液が流入するヘッ
ダー16内で血液の偏流及び滞溜をなくし、血栓の発生を
見ることなく、良好な血液処理性能を確保することを目
的として、第１図に示す如く、ヘッダー16の被着口部16
A内径をＤとし、ヘッダー16の被着口部16Aから接続口部
17Bまでの高さをＨとし、以下の如くの実験を行なっ
た。However, in the artificial kidney 10 described above, for the purpose of eliminating uneven flow and retention of blood in the header 16 into which blood flows, and ensuring good blood processing performance without observing the occurrence of thrombus, FIG. As shown, the attachment part 16 of the header 16
The inner diameter of A is D, and the attachment port 16A of the header 16 to the connection port
The following experiment was conducted with the height up to 17B set to H.
尚、上記ヘッダー16の内面は、第１図に示す如く、被着
口部16A側の略テーパ部16Tと、接続口部16B側の略スト
レート部16Sとを、アール部にて連続化して構成し、略
テーパ部16Tの勾配を23度とした。As shown in FIG. 1, the inner surface of the header 16 is formed by connecting a substantially tapered portion 16T on the attachment port portion 16A side and a substantially straight portion 16S on the connection port portion 16B side in a rounded portion. Then, the inclination of the substantially tapered portion 16T is set to 23 degrees.
即ち、人工腎臓10のヘッダー16、17に第２図に示す如く
の血液循環回路を接続した。30はポンプ、31は牛血貯溜
槽、32は生理食塩水貯溜槽である。That is, the blood circulation circuit as shown in FIG. 2 was connected to the headers 16 and 17 of the artificial kidney 10. Reference numeral 30 is a pump, 31 is a bovine blood reservoir, and 32 is a physiological saline reservoir.
そして、表１に示す７種類のヘッダー16を用いて、牛血
による血液循環を行ない、ヘッダー16の内面における血
栓の形成程度を確認した。Then, using seven types of headers 16 shown in Table 1, blood circulation with bovine blood was performed to confirm the degree of thrombus formation on the inner surface of the header 16.
先ず、生理食塩水を血液循環回路及び人工腎臓10に満た
し、表１の第１〜第７の各ヘッダー16を設けた各サンプ
ルに牛血を２時間循環させ、次いで生理食塩水で返血操
作を実施した。その後、各サンプルのヘッダー16内面を
目視にて観察した結果、第１と第７のヘッダー16内面に
白色状の血栓が成長している様子が観察された （第３図、第９図参照）。現在までの経験によれば、ヘ
ッダー16内に血液の滞溜部を生じ、その滞溜部に血栓が
形成される場合には、牛血を約２時間循環すると、血栓
の成長をみることがわかっている。First, the blood circulation circuit and the artificial kidney 10 are filled with physiological saline, and bovine blood is circulated for 2 hours in each sample provided with each of the first to seventh headers 16 in Table 1, and then the blood return operation is performed with physiological saline. Was carried out. After that, as a result of visually observing the inner surface of the header 16 of each sample, it was observed that white thrombus had grown on the inner surface of the first and seventh headers 16. (See FIGS. 3 and 9). According to the experience to date, when a blood stagnant part is generated in the header 16 and a thrombus is formed in the stagnant part, when thrombus of bovine blood is circulated for about 2 hours, thrombus growth can be observed. know.
また、牛血を５時間以上循環しても、牛血の活性が失わ
れてしまうため、これ以上の血栓は成長しない。Further, even if the bovine blood is circulated for 5 hours or more, the activity of the bovine blood is lost, and thus no further thrombus grows.
本発明者は、以上の実験の結果下記（ａ）〜（ｃ）を認
めた。The present inventor has confirmed the following (a) to (c) as a result of the above experiment.
（ａ）H/D＝0.7の第３図に示す如く、H/D＜0.8では、血
液循環回路からヘッダー16内に導入される血液の流線を
ヘッダー軸心方向に規制する、ヘッダー高さ方向経路
（特に略ストレート部16Sの経路）長さが比較的短尺と
なる。このため、血液はヘッダー16内にてヘッダー軸心
方向に沿うストレート流れを形成されるに至らず、ひい
てはヘッダー軸心方向に対して曲がりをなす如くの偏流
を生じ、結果として、被着口部16A近傍の内面の周方向
の局部に滞溜部100を生じ易く、血栓の発生をみる。(A) As shown in FIG. 3 of H / D = 0.7, when H / D <0.8, the stream height of the blood introduced from the blood circulation circuit into the header 16 is regulated in the header axial direction, and the header height is regulated. The length of the directional path (particularly the path of the substantially straight portion 16S) is relatively short. Therefore, the blood does not form a straight flow in the header 16 along the axial direction of the header, and as a result, a drift is formed so as to bend in the axial direction of the header. A retention part 100 is likely to be formed in a local portion in the circumferential direction on the inner surface in the vicinity of 16A, and occurrence of thrombus is observed.
（ｂ）H/D＝1.3の第９図に示す如く、H/D＞1.2では、血
液循環回路からヘッダー16内に導入される血液の流線を
ヘッダー軸心方向に規制する、ヘッダー高さ方向経路
（特に略ストレート部16Sの経路）長さが比較的長尺と
なる。このため、血液はヘッダー16内にてヘッダー軸心
方向に沿う強いストレート流れを生じ、ひいてはヘッダ
ー16内の中心部の流量分布が密、外周よりの流量分布が
疎となる如くの偏流を生じ、結果として、被着口部16A
近傍の内面の周方向の略全部に滞溜部100を生じ易く、
血栓の発生をみる。(B) As shown in FIG. 9 of H / D = 1.3, when H / D> 1.2, the stream height of the blood introduced from the blood circulation circuit into the header 16 is regulated in the header axial direction, and the header height is regulated. The length of the directional path (particularly the path of the substantially straight portion 16S) is relatively long. Therefore, the blood causes a strong straight flow in the header 16 along the axial direction of the header, and thus the flow distribution in the central portion of the header 16 is dense, and the flow distribution from the outer periphery is sparse so that the flow distribution becomes sparse. As a result, the attachment part 16A
Retaining portion 100 is likely to be formed in almost all of the inner surface in the circumferential direction,
Check for blood clots.
（ｃ）H/D＝0.8、0.9、1.0、1.1、1.2の第４図〜第８図
に示す如く、0.8≦H/D≦1.2では、血液循環回路からヘ
ッダー16内に導入される血液の流線をヘッダー軸心方向
に規制する、ヘッダー高さ方向経路（特に略ストレート
部16Sの経路）長さが、適度となる（0.9≦H/D≦1.1であ
れば、より適度となる）。このため、血液は、ヘッダー
16内にてヘッダー軸心方向に沿う適度なストレート流れ
を生じ、ひいてはヘッダー16内に偏流を生ずることな
く、結果として、ヘッダー16内に滞溜部100を生ずるこ
とがなく、血栓の発生をみることがない。よって、良好
な血液処理性能を確保できる。(C) As shown in FIGS. 4 to 8 of H / D = 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, when 0.8 ≦ H / D ≦ 1.2, the blood introduced from the blood circulation circuit into the header 16 is The length of the header height direction path (particularly the path of the substantially straight portion 16S) that regulates the streamline in the header axis direction is appropriate (more appropriate if 0.9 ≦ H / D ≦ 1.1). Because of this, blood is in the header
A moderate straight flow along the axial direction of the header is generated in 16 and, consequently, a non-uniform flow is not generated in the header 16 and, as a result, the retention part 100 is not generated in the header 16 and the occurrence of thrombus is observed. Never. Therefore, good blood processing performance can be secured.
また、本発明では、以下の如くを認めた。Further, in the present invention, the following was recognized.
ヘッダー16の内面が、略テーパ部16Tと略ストレート部1
6Sとをアール部で連続化した。流入してくる血液は先ず
略ストレート部16Sで軸方向に向けて整流され、次いで
連続したアール部で軸直角方向への拡がりを緩やかに進
められ、更に最終的に略テーパ部16Tで中空糸12の内部
へ押し込まれる。即ち、本発明は、略ストレート部16S
とアール部と略テーパ部16Tが備わった上で初めて上述
のH/Dが効果を挙げるものとなる。もし、略ストレート
部16Sと略テーパ部16Tとの間にアール部がないと、血液
の流れは、略ストレート部16Sの影響を強く受け、略テ
ーパ部16Tの略ストレート部末端まわり部分で滞溜を生
ずるものとなる。また、最終的な略テーパ部16Tがない
と、中空糸12の内部へ押し込む流れが生じにくく、ヘッ
ダー16Tの外周域で流れの滞溜を生ずる。The inner surface of the header 16 has a substantially tapered portion 16T and a substantially straight portion 1
6S and R are connected in series. The inflowing blood is first rectified in the axial direction in the substantially straight portion 16S, then gradually spread in the direction orthogonal to the axis in the continuous rounded portion, and finally in the substantially tapered portion 16T, the hollow fiber 12 Is pushed inside. That is, the present invention, the substantially straight portion 16S
The above H / D is effective only when the rounded portion and the substantially tapered portion 16T are provided. If there is no rounded portion between the substantially straight portion 16S and the substantially tapered portion 16T, the blood flow is strongly influenced by the substantially straight portion 16S and stays at the portion around the end of the substantially tapered portion 16T. Will be generated. Further, if the final substantially taper portion 16T is not provided, the flow of pushing into the hollow fiber 12 is unlikely to occur, and the flow is stagnated in the outer peripheral region of the header 16T.
また、本発明者の以上の実験の結果、ヘッダー16の最適
寸法形状は第１図の如く、被着口部16Aの内径Ｄを33.5m
mθ、接続口部16Bの内径を3.5mmθ、被着口部16Aの内径
部と略テーパ部16Tとのつながり部のアールを2.5mm、略
テーパ部16Tと略ストレート部16Sとのつながり部のアー
ルを7.5mm、略テーパ部16Tの勾配を23度とするのが適当
であることを認めた。Further, as a result of the above-mentioned experiments by the present inventor, the optimum size and shape of the header 16 is as shown in FIG.
mθ, the inner diameter of the connection port 16B is 3.5 mm, the radius of the connecting part between the inner diameter part of the adhered port part 16A and the substantially tapered part 16T is 2.5 mm, and the radius of the connecting part between the substantially tapered part 16T and the substantially straight part 16S. Was found to be 7.5 mm, and the inclination of the taper portion 16T was 23 degrees.
尚、テーパ部16Tの勾配θは、20度以上、25度以下がヘ
ッダーのストレート部から隔壁への血液の流れをスムー
ズにし、滞溜が生じないことから好適である。It is preferable that the taper portion 16T has a gradient θ of 20 ° or more and 25 ° or less so that the flow of blood from the straight portion of the header to the partition wall is smooth and no accumulation occurs.
尚、第１図、第３図〜第９図に図示のヘッダーにあって
は、第10図に図示のヘッダーにおいて記載した如くのケ
ーシング嵌合部を省略してある。Incidentally, in the header shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 9, the casing fitting portion as described in the header shown in FIG. 10 is omitted.
［発明の効果］ 以上のように本発明によれば、中空糸型物質移動装置に
おいて、第１物質が流入するヘッダー内で第１物質の偏
流及び滞溜をなくし、沈殿物又は堆積物の生成を見るこ
となく、良好な物質処理性能を確保できる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, in the hollow fiber type mass transfer device, uneven distribution and retention of the first substance are eliminated in the header into which the first substance flows, and a precipitate or a deposit is generated. Good material processing performance can be secured without seeing.
第１図は本発明に係るヘッダー形状の一例を示す断面
図、第２図は本発明に係るヘッダー形状を選定するため
に行なった実験回路を示す模式図、第３図（Ａ）、
（Ｂ）はH/D＝0.7の血液流れ状態を示す模式図、第４図
（Ａ）、（Ｂ）はH/D＝0.8の血液流れ状態を示す模式
図、第５図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）はH/D＝0.9の血液流れ状態を
示す模式図、第６図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）はH/D＝1.0の血液流
れ状態を示す模式図、第７図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）はH/D＝1.1
の血液流れ状態を示す模式図、第８図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）は
H/D＝1.2の血液流れ状態を示す模式図、第９図（Ａ）、
（Ｂ）はH/D＝1.3の血液流れ状態を示す模式図、第10図
は本発明の人工腎臓の一例を示す断面図である。 10……人工腎臓、 11……ケーシング、 12……中空糸、 13……中空糸束、 14、15……隔壁部材、 16、17……ヘッダー、 16A……被着口部、 16B……接続口部、 16T……略テーパ部、 16S……略ストレート部、 21……血液流入ポート、 22……血液流出ポート、 23……透析液流入ポート、 24……透析液流出ポート。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a header shape according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an experimental circuit performed for selecting a header shape according to the present invention, FIG. 3 (A),
(B) is a schematic diagram showing a blood flow state of H / D = 0.7, FIG. 4 (A), (B) is a schematic diagram showing a blood flow state of H / D = 0.8, FIG. 5 (A), (B) is a schematic diagram showing a blood flow state of H / D = 0.9, FIG. 6 (A), (B) is a schematic diagram showing a blood flow state of H / D = 1.0, FIG. 7 (A), (B) is H / D = 1.1
8A and 8B are schematic diagrams showing the blood flow state of
Schematic diagram showing the blood flow state when H / D = 1.2, FIG. 9 (A),
(B) is a schematic view showing a blood flow state of H / D = 1.3, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing an example of the artificial kidney of the present invention. 10 ... Artificial kidney, 11 ... Casing, 12 ... Hollow fiber, 13 ... Hollow fiber bundle, 14, 15 ... Partition member, 16, 17 ... Header, 16A ... Adhering part, 16B ... Connection part, 16T …… Approximately tapered part, 16S …… Approximately straight part, 21 …… Blood inflow port, 22 …… Blood outflow port, 23 …… Dialysate inflow port, 24 …… Dialysate outflow port.
Claims (3)
該中空糸束の端部が該ケーシング端部の隔壁部材により
支持されて各中空糸の開口部が該隔壁部材の外端面に開
口され、各中空糸の開口部全体を包囲する少なくとも１
つの漏斗状ヘッダーの大径被着口部が該ケーシングの端
部に接続され、該ヘッダーの小径接続口部には第１物質
循環回路が接続され、該ケーシングに設けた接続口部に
は該中空糸束の周囲の空間に連通する少なくとも１つの
第２物質循環回路が接続されて構成される中空糸型物質
移動装置において、 該ヘッダーの内面が、該被着口部側の略テーパ部と、該
接続口部側の略ストレート部とを、アール部にて連続化
したものであり、 該ヘッダーの被着口部内径をＤとし、該ヘッダーの該被
着口部から該接続口部までの高さをＨとするとき、0.8
≦H/D≦1.2であることを特徴とする中空糸型物質移動装
置。1. A large number of hollow fibers are loaded in a casing,
An end of the hollow fiber bundle is supported by a partition wall member at the end of the casing, an opening of each hollow fiber is opened to an outer end surface of the partition wall member, and at least 1 surrounds the entire opening of each hollow fiber.
The large-diameter attachment ports of the two funnel-shaped headers are connected to the ends of the casing, the first substance circulation circuit is connected to the small-diameter connection ports of the header, and the connection ports provided in the casing are connected to the first substance circulation circuit. In a hollow fiber type mass transfer device constituted by connecting at least one second substance circulation circuit communicating with a space around a hollow fiber bundle, an inner surface of the header is a substantially tapered portion on the adhered port side. , The substantially straight portion on the side of the connection port is made continuous by a rounded portion, and the inner diameter of the attachment port of the header is D, and from the attachment port of the header to the connection port When the height of H is H, 0.8
A hollow fiber type mass transfer device, wherein ≦ H / D ≦ 1.2.
載の中空糸型物質移動装置。2. The hollow fiber type mass transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the H / D is 0.9 ≦ H / D ≦ 1.1.
である請求項１又は２記載の中空糸型物質移動装置。3. The hollow fiber type mass transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the gradient θ of the substantially tapered portion is 20 ° ≦ θ ≦ 25 °.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2255056A JPH07102308B2 (en) | 1990-09-27 | 1990-09-27 | Hollow fiber type mass transfer device |
| DE69115204T DE69115204T2 (en) | 1990-09-27 | 1991-09-27 | Hollow fiber mass transfer device. |
| EP91116538A EP0477966B1 (en) | 1990-09-27 | 1991-09-27 | Hollow fiber mass transfer apparatus |
| US07/887,609 US5238561A (en) | 1990-09-27 | 1992-05-22 | Hollow fiber mass transfer apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2255056A JPH07102308B2 (en) | 1990-09-27 | 1990-09-27 | Hollow fiber type mass transfer device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04135628A JPH04135628A (en) | 1992-05-11 |
| JPH07102308B2 true JPH07102308B2 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
Family
ID=17273536
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2255056A Expired - Lifetime JPH07102308B2 (en) | 1990-09-27 | 1990-09-27 | Hollow fiber type mass transfer device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07102308B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2581558Y2 (en) * | 1992-07-27 | 1998-09-21 | 株式会社クラレ | Blood processing module |
| AU2007288199B2 (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2010-08-26 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Device for removing fluid from blood in a patient |
| EP2156881A1 (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2010-02-24 | Gambro Lundia AB | Cap for a diffusion and/or filtration device |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62281957A (en) * | 1986-05-29 | 1987-12-07 | キヨ−ラク株式会社 | Blood treatment apparatus |
| JPH041950Y2 (en) * | 1987-04-02 | 1992-01-23 | ||
| JPS6419902A (en) * | 1987-07-15 | 1989-01-24 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Pantograph with windshield body for rapid-transit railway |
| JPH069095Y2 (en) * | 1988-08-11 | 1994-03-09 | 正照 新村 | Waterproof plug |
-
1990
- 1990-09-27 JP JP2255056A patent/JPH07102308B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04135628A (en) | 1992-05-11 |
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