JPH07100436A - Method for separating and recovering valuable out of composite material - Google Patents
Method for separating and recovering valuable out of composite materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07100436A JPH07100436A JP5275063A JP27506393A JPH07100436A JP H07100436 A JPH07100436 A JP H07100436A JP 5275063 A JP5275063 A JP 5275063A JP 27506393 A JP27506393 A JP 27506393A JP H07100436 A JPH07100436 A JP H07100436A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- belt conveyor
- metal
- metal particles
- crushed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、産業用電子分野等にお
いて使用されるプリント基板等の金属と非金属から構成
される複合材料（特にその不良品や廃材）からの有価金
属の分離・回収方法に関し、さらに詳しくは上記複合材
料を粉砕して得た異種物質の混合粉末を、粉体粒子の形
状の違いを利用して金属粒子と非金属粒子とに分離し、
それぞれを、または少なくとも一方をリサイクル用有価
物として回収する方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to separation and recovery of valuable metals from composite materials (especially defective products and scrap materials) composed of metal and non-metal such as printed circuit boards used in the field of industrial electronics. Regarding the method, more specifically, the mixed powder of different substances obtained by crushing the above composite material is separated into metal particles and non-metal particles by utilizing the difference in the shape of powder particles,
The present invention relates to a method for recovering each or at least one of them as a valuable resource for recycling.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、プリント基板としてのガラスエ
ポキシ樹脂基板は、電子産業の中で大量に生産されてお
り、それに伴い製造工程においても廃材や不良品が大量
に発生している。これらの廃材等は素材としてガラス繊
維やプラスチック等の樹脂と、回路パターンとして用い
られた銅、ニッケル、金、銀等の金属とから構成されて
いるため、粉砕しにくい上、樹脂そのものが熱硬化性で
あるため再溶融化が難しいので、リサイクルされないで
埋め立て処分されている場合が多いのが現状である。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a glass epoxy resin substrate as a printed circuit board is produced in large quantities in the electronic industry, and accordingly, a large amount of waste materials and defective products are generated in the manufacturing process. These waste materials are composed of resin such as glass fiber and plastic as materials, and metals such as copper, nickel, gold and silver used as circuit patterns, so they are difficult to crush and the resin itself is thermoset. Since it is difficult to remelt it, it is the current situation that it is often disposed of in landfill without being recycled.
【０００３】経済上の理由からプリント基板上に有価物
として高価な銅、ニッケル等が塗布されている場合に
は、それら金属の厚みが30μｍ以上の基板である場合と
か、もっと薄くても、さらに高価な金、銀あるいはパラ
ジウム等の貴金属が塗布されている場合等には、基板表
面をエッチングして金属のみを回収する技術も知られて
いる。When expensive copper, nickel or the like is coated on the printed circuit board as a valuable resource for economical reasons, the metal may have a thickness of 30 μm or more, or even if it is thinner, There is also known a technique of etching the substrate surface to recover only the metal when an expensive noble metal such as gold, silver or palladium is applied.
【０００４】しかしながら、上記の回収技術では有価金
属を回収するために排水処理設備が必要となる他、残っ
た基板は埋め立てにするか、焼却するかの方法で処理さ
れていた。この場合、埋め立てしても土壌中でこれらの
樹脂体は腐食しないという性質があり、又、焼却すると
塩化水素、臭化水素、ダイオキシン等の有害ガスを発生
するため処理費用が高くなるという問題があり、根本的
な解決策はなかった。However, in the above-mentioned recovery technique, waste water treatment equipment is required for recovering valuable metals, and the remaining substrate is treated by landfill or incineration. In this case, there is a problem that these resin bodies do not corrode in the soil even if they are landfilled, and when incinerated, they generate harmful gases such as hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, and dioxins, which increases the treatment cost. Yes, there was no fundamental solution.
【０００５】近年、上記廃基板等の複合材を一旦剪断機
で細断した後、さらに粉砕機で粉砕したものを乾式サイ
クロン等で比重分離して選別する方法も知られるように
なったが、金属と樹脂等との分離が不完全であった。In recent years, a method has been known in which the composite material such as the waste substrate is once shredded with a shearing machine, and then further crushed with a crusher to separate the specific gravity with a dry cyclone or the like. Separation of metal and resin was incomplete.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上述従来の
技術の問題点を解決しようとするもので、微細粒径に粉
砕した粒子を特定の選別機にかけることによって、有価
物たる金属成分と樹脂、ガラス繊維等の非金属体成分と
に精度良く分離することを目的とするものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, in which particles pulverized to a fine particle size are subjected to a specific sorter to obtain a valuable metal component. The purpose is to accurately separate into non-metallic components such as resin and glass fiber.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者等は、斯かる課
題を解決するために鋭意研究した結果、被処理物を０．
８mm以下に粉砕し、単体分離することによって得られた
金属と非金属の展性の差から生ずる産物の形状の違いを
利用して、形状が球に近い有価金属と球から遠い形状の
非金属とに精度よく分離できる方法を見い出し、本発明
法を提供することができたものである。Means for Solving the Problems As a result of earnest studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that the object to be processed is 0.
Utilizing the difference in shape of the product caused by the difference in malleability between metal and non-metal obtained by pulverizing to 8 mm or less and separating them as a simple substance, valuable metal with a shape close to a sphere and non-metal with a shape far from the sphere It was possible to provide a method of the present invention by discovering a method capable of separating with high accuracy.
【０００８】すなわち本発明は、金属部分と非金属部分
とからなる複合材を剪断破壊して所定の大きさの粗粒と
した後、粉砕機で単体分離するまで粉砕して金属粒子と
非金属粒子の混合粉末とし、次いで該混合粉末を任意の
角度に傾斜したベルトコンベア上に連続的に供給し、球
状である金属粒子をベルトコンベアの傾斜した側縁部
へ、非球状である非金属粒子をベルトコンベアの進行方
向へそれぞれ排出することによって分離回収することを
特徴とする複合材料から有価物を分離回収する方法に関
するものである。That is, according to the present invention, a composite material consisting of a metal part and a non-metal part is sheared to make coarse particles of a predetermined size, and then the particles are crushed by a crusher until they are separated into individual particles. As a mixed powder of particles, then the mixed powder is continuously supplied on a belt conveyor inclined at an arbitrary angle, the spherical metal particles to the inclined side edge of the belt conveyor, non-spherical non-metal particles The present invention relates to a method for separating and recovering a valuable material from a composite material, wherein the valuable material is separated and recovered by discharging each of them in a traveling direction of a belt conveyor.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本発明方法適用の対象となる被処理材として
は、たとえばプリント配線基板があり、ガラスエポキシ
樹脂基板の廃材や切れ端は勿論、その他あらゆる形態の
樹脂体と金属との複合材が全て本発明方法による処理の
対象となり得る。The material to be processed to which the method of the present invention is applied is, for example, a printed wiring board, and not only waste materials and scraps of a glass epoxy resin substrate, but also composite materials of all other forms of resin and metal are used. It can be the subject of processing by the inventive method.
【００１０】被処理材は先ずシヤー（剪断機）などで約
１cm角以下に切断または粗砕した後、ハンマーミル等の
粉砕機を用いて０．８mm以下に粉砕する。この時展性の
大きい金属部分は球に近い球状の粒子となるのに対し、
プラスチックおよびガラス繊維部は扁平状および針状の
粒子に粉砕される。このようにして得られた粉砕産物
は、有価金属粒子と樹脂粒子との混合体であるため、次
工程で選別機により分離を行なう。The material to be treated is first cut by a shear (shearing machine) or the like into about 1 cm square or less or crushed, and then crushed to 0.8 mm or less using a crusher such as a hammer mill. At this time, the metal part with large malleability becomes a spherical particle close to a sphere, while
The plastic and glass fiber parts are crushed into flat and acicular particles. Since the pulverized product thus obtained is a mixture of valuable metal particles and resin particles, it is separated by a sorter in the next step.
【００１１】この場合、粉砕産物を進行方向に対して直
角の方向に任意の角度で傾斜したベルトコンベア上に連
続的に供給すると、粒子はベルトコンベア上を斜面の下
方へと転がり落ちながら前方へと運ばれ、転がり落ちる
速度が大きいものは手前に、小さいものは前方に、そし
て転がらないものはベルトコンベアの進行方向のヘッド
部に排出される。In this case, when the pulverized product is continuously fed onto a belt conveyor inclined at an arbitrary angle in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, the particles roll forward on the belt conveyor while rolling down below the slope. The ones that are transported and are rolled down at a high speed are discharged to the front, those that are small are discharged to the front, and those that do not roll are discharged to the head portion in the traveling direction of the belt conveyor.
【００１２】転がり落ちる速度は、形状が球に近くなる
ほど、あるいは粒子の径が大きくなるほど、また密度が
大きいほど速度が大となることから、これらの特性を有
する金属粒子はより手前に落下し、逆にプラスチックお
よびガラス繊維のほとんどはベルトコンベアのヘッド部
に排出される。The rolling speed becomes higher as the shape becomes closer to a sphere, the particle diameter becomes larger, and the density becomes higher. Therefore, the metal particles having these characteristics fall to the front side, Conversely, most of the plastic and glass fibers are discharged to the head of the belt conveyor.
【００１３】この場合、ある大きさの摩擦係数をもった
材質のベルトを選択し、傾斜角度およびベルトスピード
を適切に設定することにより高い精度で金属粒子を非金
属粒子から分離することができるものである。In this case, the metal particles can be separated from the non-metal particles with high accuracy by selecting a belt made of a material having a certain friction coefficient and appropriately setting the inclination angle and the belt speed. Is.
【００１４】以下実施例をもって詳細に説明するが、本
発明の範囲はこれらに限定されるものではない。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例１】被処理材として両面に銅回路パターンを形
成したガラスエポキシ基板を剪断機で約１cm角程度に剪
断破壊した後、ハンマーミルで０．８mm以下に粉砕し、
各粒子が実質上単一物質からなる粒子となるように単体
分離した。この基板の組成は、銅３０wt％、ガラス繊維
１８wt％、エポキシ樹脂硬化体５２wt％である。その
後、次の選別・分離工程で分離精度が向上するように乾
式分級機を用いて微細な粒子を除去したところ、幸い銅
等の金属は微細になりにくく、この除去される微粒子群
にはほとんど含まれなかった。Example 1 A glass epoxy substrate having copper circuit patterns formed on both sides as a material to be treated was sheared and broken into about 1 cm square by a shearing machine, and then crushed to 0.8 mm or less by a hammer mill,
The individual particles were separated so that each particle was substantially composed of a single substance. The composition of this substrate is copper 30 wt%, glass fiber 18 wt%, and epoxy resin cured body 52 wt%. After that, when fine particles were removed using a dry classifier to improve the separation accuracy in the next sorting / separation step, fortunately metals such as copper were hard to become fine, and most of the removed fine particle groups Was not included.
【００１６】次いで得られた粉砕粒子を２５度に傾斜し
たベルト幅２５０mm、ベルトスピード１８０mm／秒の速
度で走るベルトコンベア上に連続的に供給し、粉砕工程
で球状になった銅粒子を中心としたものをベルト上を転
がり落としてベルトコンベア側面に設けた産物回収箱に
回収し、非金属粒子をベルトコンベアヘッド部に排出さ
せた。Next, the crushed particles thus obtained were continuously supplied onto a belt conveyor running at a belt width of 250 mm and a belt speed of 180 mm / sec, which was inclined at 25 degrees, and the copper particles spheroidized in the crushing process were mainly used. The resulting product was rolled on a belt and collected in a product collection box provided on the side surface of the belt conveyor, and non-metal particles were discharged to the belt conveyor head.
【００１７】次いで上記工程で得られた金属粒子を中心
とするものを、さらに２０度に傾斜した上記ベルトコン
ベアに再度供給し、混入していた非金属粒子を分離して
純度を高めた。Then, those having metal particles obtained in the above step as the center were re-supplied to the belt conveyor inclined further at 20 degrees, and the non-metal particles mixed therein were separated to enhance the purity.
【００１８】上記工程のベルトコンベアヘッド部には非
金属粒子のほか粒度の小さい銅粒子も混入したため、傾
斜角２５度、ベルトスピード４００mm／秒のベルトコン
ベアで再度選別して銅粒子をベルトコンベア側面に回収
し、前工程で得られた銅粒子と併せて銅の実収率を高め
た。また、ベルトコンベアヘッド部に集まった非金属粒
子は最初の工程のベルトコンベアヘッド部に濃縮させた
粒子群と併せて非金属回収産物とした。Since non-metal particles as well as small copper particles were mixed in the belt conveyor head in the above process, the copper particles were sorted again by a belt conveyor having an inclination angle of 25 degrees and a belt speed of 400 mm / sec. And the actual yield of copper was increased together with the copper particles obtained in the previous step. The non-metal particles collected in the belt conveyor head were combined with the particle group concentrated in the belt conveyor head in the first step to be a non-metal recovered product.
【００１９】一連の工程から得られた金属回収産物およ
び非金属回収産物の２産物の化学分析を行ない、各産物
の品位および実収率を求め、「分離試験結果」として表
１にまとめたが、この結果、銅品位８８％、銅実収率９
５．５％という高い成績が得られた。A chemical analysis of two products, a metal-recovered product and a non-metal-recovered product, obtained from a series of steps was carried out to obtain the grade and actual yield of each product, which are summarized in Table 1 as "separation test results". As a result, the copper quality was 88% and the actual copper yield was 9
A high score of 5.5% was obtained.
【００２０】[0020]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】上述のように本発明法は簡易な手段によ
って、たとえば廃プリント基板中の有価金属を高純度物
として回収できる他、他の非金属物質も分離回収できる
ため有価金属を再利用できるばかりでなく、回収された
非金属有価物を樹脂構造物等の充填材としても有効利用
できる等、優れた効果を有するものである。As described above, according to the method of the present invention, valuable metals in waste printed circuit boards can be recovered as high-purity substances and other non-metal substances can be separated and recovered by simple means, so that valuable metals can be reused. In addition to being able to do so, it has an excellent effect that the recovered non-metal valuables can be effectively used as a filler for resin structures and the like.
【図１】本発明方法で使用するベルトコンベアの平面図
である。FIG. 1 is a plan view of a belt conveyor used in the method of the present invention.
【図２】図１のＸ−Ｘ線断面概略図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.
【図３】本発明方法のフローシート図である。FIG. 3 is a flow sheet diagram of the method of the present invention.
１ ベルトコンベア ２ 球状産物回収箱 ３ 非球状産物回収箱 ４ ベルトコンベア進行方向 1 Belt conveyor 2 Spherical product collection box 3 Non-spherical product collection box 4 Belt conveyor traveling direction
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 遠藤 茂寿 茨城県つくば市小野川16番３ 工業技術院 資源環境技術総合研究所内 (72)発明者 大矢 仁史 茨城県つくば市小野川16番３ 工業技術院 資源環境技術総合研究所内 (72)発明者 泉川 千秋 東京都千代田区丸の内１丁目８番２号 同 和鉱業株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Shigetoshi Endo 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Research Institute for Natural Resources and Environment (72) Inhito Hitoshi 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki Institute of Industrial Resources Environmental Technology Research Institute (72) Inventor Chiaki Izumigawa 1-8-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Dowa Mining Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
を剪断破壊して所定の大きさの粗粒とした後、粉砕機で
単体分離するまで粉砕して金属粒子と非金属粒子の混合
粉末とし、次いで該混合粉末を任意の角度に傾斜したベ
ルトコンベア上に連続的に供給し、球状である金属粒子
をベルトコンベアの傾斜した側へ、非球状である非金属
粒子をベルトコンベアの進行方向へそれぞれ排出するこ
とによって分離回収することを特徴とする複合材料から
有価物を分離回収する方法。1. A composite material comprising a metal part and a non-metal part is sheared and broken into coarse particles of a predetermined size, and then the mixture is crushed by a crusher until it is separated into individual particles to mix the metal particles and the non-metal particles. Powder, and then continuously supply the mixed powder on a belt conveyor inclined at an arbitrary angle, the spherical metal particles to the inclined side of the belt conveyor, the non-spherical non-metal particles progress of the belt conveyor A method for separating and recovering valuable materials from a composite material, characterized in that the valuable materials are separated and recovered by discharging each in each direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27506393A JP3451269B2 (en) | 1993-10-06 | 1993-10-06 | Method for separating and recovering valuable resources from composite materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27506393A JP3451269B2 (en) | 1993-10-06 | 1993-10-06 | Method for separating and recovering valuable resources from composite materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07100436A true JPH07100436A (en) | 1995-04-18 |
| JP3451269B2 JP3451269B2 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
Family
ID=17550329
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27506393A Expired - Fee Related JP3451269B2 (en) | 1993-10-06 | 1993-10-06 | Method for separating and recovering valuable resources from composite materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3451269B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20030084434A (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2003-11-01 | (주) 거양 | Apparatus for separating metallic balls |
| JP2006503177A (en) * | 2002-07-22 | 2006-01-26 | タイタノックス・ディベロップメント・リミテッド | Separation method |
| WO2013145872A1 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-03 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Magnetic separator |
-
1993
- 1993-10-06 JP JP27506393A patent/JP3451269B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20030084434A (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2003-11-01 | (주) 거양 | Apparatus for separating metallic balls |
| JP2006503177A (en) * | 2002-07-22 | 2006-01-26 | タイタノックス・ディベロップメント・リミテッド | Separation method |
| WO2013145872A1 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-03 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Magnetic separator |
| CN104203421A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2014-12-10 | 独立行政法人产业技术综合研究所 | Magnetic separator |
| JPWO2013145872A1 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2015-12-10 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | Magnetic separator |
| US9539584B2 (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2017-01-10 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Magnetic separator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3451269B2 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
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