JPH0696954B2 - Soil waste disposal device - Google Patents
Soil waste disposal deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0696954B2 JPH0696954B2 JP63098375A JP9837588A JPH0696954B2 JP H0696954 B2 JPH0696954 B2 JP H0696954B2 JP 63098375 A JP63098375 A JP 63098375A JP 9837588 A JP9837588 A JP 9837588A JP H0696954 B2 JPH0696954 B2 JP H0696954B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- kneading
- cutting
- hopper
- mud
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明はシールド工法で排出する泥漿材入り残土を改質
処理する装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of use] The present invention relates to an apparatus for modifying a residual soil containing sludge discharged by a shield construction method.
カッターヘッドの背後にチャンバーをもつ密閉型シール
ド機を用いたシールド工法が都市開発に伴って普及して
いるが，これはチャンバー内に掘削された土砂を充填し
ながらまたは圧力泥水を送圧しながら掘り進む工法であ
り，土質や立地条件に応じて様々な改良工夫がなされて
いる。この密閉シールド工法では，ベントナイト，有機
物質例えばカルボキシメチルセルロース:CMC,クレイサ
ンド，粉末粘土，高吸水性樹脂などの増粘性や流動性を
付与する材料（本明細書ではこれらを総称して泥漿材と
呼ぶ）を掘削土の性状に合わせてチャンバー内または切
羽内に送入している。A shield method using a sealed shield machine with a chamber behind the cutter head has become popular along with urban development, but this is done while filling the chamber with earth and sand or sending pressure muddy water. It is a construction method, and various improvements have been made according to the soil quality and location conditions. In this closed shield method, bentonite, organic substances such as carboxymethylcellulose: CMC, clay sand, powdered clay, superabsorbent resin, and other materials that impart viscosity and fluidity (in the present specification, these are collectively referred to as sludge materials). Called) is sent into the chamber or face depending on the properties of the excavated soil.
かような泥漿材を使用するシールド工法ではその残土処
理が問題となる。すなわち，これらの泥漿材が混入した
排土は一般に高含水比を有し液状化している。したがっ
て，ダンプ搬送すると振動等によって水分と土砂が分離
して水分が荷台よりこぼれ落ちて道路環境を悪化させる
原因となり，また，これを埋め立て用に使用することは
不等沈下の原因となるので使用できないといった問題が
付随する。このため，従来の都市土木におけるかような
残土は産業廃棄物として処理されてきたのが実状であ
る。In the shield construction method using such a sludge material, the treatment of the remaining soil becomes a problem. In other words, the soil discharged with these sludge materials generally has a high water content and is liquefied. Therefore, when the dump truck is transported, vibration and other factors separate water and soil, causing water to spill from the bed and deteriorating the road environment. Also, using this for landfill causes uneven settlement, so it cannot be used. Such problems are associated. For this reason, the actual situation is that such residual soil in conventional urban civil engineering has been treated as industrial waste.
本発明は，シールド工法において排出する泥漿材入りの
高含水比の排土を，工事現場での搬出過程において，取
り扱い易く且つ埋め立て等にも利用できるような形態に
連続的に改質する装置の提供を目的としたものである。The present invention is directed to a device for continuously reforming the discharged soil with a high water content containing sludge discharged in the shield construction method into a form that is easy to handle and can be used for landfill, etc. in the carrying-out process at a construction site. It is intended to be provided.
前記の目的を達成せんとする本発明の要旨とするところ
は，カッターヘッドの背後にチャンバーをもつ密閉形シ
ールド機を用いて該チャンバー内の掘削土または切羽内
に泥漿材を注入しながら掘進するさいに，該シールド機
から排出される泥漿材入り排土を，地表への搬送過程の
途中で，その泥漿材の種類と土質に応じて選択した適切
な改質材と連続的に混練しながら低自由水の形態に改質
してから，地表に搬出することを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the gist of the present invention is to carry out excavation while injecting sludge material into the excavated soil or face inside a chamber using a sealed shield machine having a chamber behind the cutter head. Finally, the soil discharged with the sludge material discharged from the shield machine is continuously kneaded with an appropriate modifying material selected according to the type and soil quality of the sludge material during the transportation process to the surface of the earth. It is characterized in that it is reformed into a form of low free water and then transported to the surface.
本発明者らは，このシールド工法の残土の改質処理装置
として，シールド機から排出される泥漿材入りの泥状排
土を投入するホッパーと，このホッパーの底部開口の直
下に張り渡した回転速度可変の無端ベルトと，そしてこ
の無端ベルト上に切り出される泥状材料の層厚を調節す
るための切出量調整具とを備えた泥状材料の定量切出装
置；この定量切出装置から切出される泥状材料を受け入
れる材料投入口を一端に有し他端に材料排出口を有した
筒状の胴部と，この胴部内の軸方向に設けられた動力駆
動の回転軸と，この回転軸に取付けられたスパイラルオ
ーガと，そして該回転軸に取付けられた杆状の掻き混ぜ
翼とを備えた混練搬送装置；および該混練搬送装置の材
料投入口に改質材を添加するための改質材添加装置；か
らなるシールド工法の排土連続処理装置を開発した。The inventors of the present invention use, as an apparatus for modifying the residual soil of this shield method, a hopper that inputs mud-like soil containing sludge material discharged from the shield machine, and a rotation stretched just below the bottom opening of the hopper. Quantitative cutting device for mud material, which has an endless belt with variable speed and a cutting amount adjuster for adjusting the layer thickness of the mud material cut out on this endless belt; A cylindrical barrel having a material inlet for receiving the cut mud material at one end and a material outlet at the other end, and a power-driven rotary shaft provided in the axial direction in the barrel, A kneading and conveying device equipped with a spiral auger attached to a rotating shaft and a rod-shaped stirring blade attached to the rotating shaft; and for adding a modifier to a material input port of the kneading and conveying device Modifier addition device; consisting of shield work We have developed a high-soil continuous processing apparatus.
本発明によると，泥漿材入り残土をその発生源において
自由水の少ない自然土砂に近い形態に改質を図ることが
できるので都市でのシールド土木工事の合理化に大きく
貢献することができる。According to the present invention, the residual soil containing the sludge material can be reformed into a form close to natural soil with little free water at its source, which can greatly contribute to the rationalization of shield civil works in cities.
シールド工事で使用される泥漿材としては， （ａ）．ベントナイト， （ｂ）．粘土， （ｃ）．ベントナイト＋粘土， （ｄ）.CMC（カルボキシメチルセルロース）， （ｅ）.CMC＋ベントナイト， （ｆ）．高吸水性樹脂， などが良く知られており，これらは対象地盤の種類や立
地条件並びに工事規模等によって選定される。このよう
な泥漿材が混入した排土の改質を図る場合に，その排土
の性状や泥漿材の種類によって改質材の種類と添加量を
適切に定めることが必要である。本発明で意図する排土
の改質は，要するところ排土中の自由水を何らかの手段
によって遊離水ではない状態に改変することである。こ
のためには， ．自由水を固める方式，この機能を果たす改質材とし
ては，セメント，セメント系硬化剤，石灰，石灰系硬化
剤等が使用できる。The sludge materials used in the shield work include (a). Bentonite, (b). Clay, (c). Bentonite + clay, (d) .CMC (carboxymethylcellulose), (e) .CMC + bentonite, (f). Super absorbent resins are well known, and these are selected according to the type of the target ground, location conditions, construction scale, etc. In the case of improving the soil removal mixed with such sludge material, it is necessary to properly determine the type and addition amount of the modifying material according to the nature of the soil removal and the type of slurry material. The reforming of the soil removal intended in the present invention is, in essence, to change the free water in the soil removal into a state which is not free water by some means. To do this: Cement, cement-based hardening agent, lime, lime-based hardening agent, etc. can be used as a modifier for fulfilling this function, a method of hardening free water.
．自由水を吸収して拘束する方式，この機能を果たす
改質材としては，塩化カルシウム，塩化ナトリウム等が
使用できる。． Calcium chloride, sodium chloride, etc. can be used as a modifier that absorbs and restrains free water and a modifier that fulfills this function.
．自由水を試材中に取り込んで保水する方式，この機
能を果たす改質材としては，水溶性高分子剤等の粘稠剤
等がある。． A method of retaining free water by incorporating free water into the test material, and modifiers that fulfill this function include thickeners such as water-soluble polymer agents.
，特殊な例として,CMCを泥漿材とした場合にCMCを分
解する酵素例えばセルラーゼ剤を使用してその排土の改
質を図ることもできる。As a special example, when CMC is used as a slurry material, an enzyme that decomposes CMC, such as a cellulase agent, can be used to improve the soil removal.
対象地盤が砂質または磔質の場合においては，使用した
泥漿材が前記の（ａ）〜（ｃ）であればの改質材また
はの改質材が適し，泥漿材が（ｄ）〜（ｅ）であれば
の改質材が適し，泥漿材が（ｆ）であればの改質材
が適する。When the target ground is sandy or cruciform, the modified material or the modified material when the used sludge material is the above (a) to (c) is suitable, and the sludge material is (d) to ( The modifier of (e) is suitable, and the modifier of (f) is suitable.
対象地盤が粘性土の場合には，泥漿材は比較的低い濃度
のものを使用することができるので，排土中の泥漿材の
含有量は一般に少なくなる。また粘性土は砂質土に比べ
ると含水比が大きく透水性も悪い。したがって，排土の
改質は前記の固化方式が適する。When the target ground is cohesive soil, a relatively low concentration of sludge material can be used, so the content of sludge material in the soil is generally low. In addition, cohesive soil has a higher water content and poorer water permeability than sandy soil. Therefore, the above-mentioned solidification method is suitable for the modification of soil removal.
本発明はこのようにして対象地盤の形態と使用した泥漿
材の種類に応じて適切な改質材を選定しながら，選定さ
れた改質材をシールド機から排出する排土に，その地表
への連続搬送過程において連続的に添加混練し，改質さ
れた状態で排土を地表に搬出することを特徴とするもの
である。In this way, the present invention selects an appropriate modifying material according to the shape of the target ground and the type of the sludge material used in this manner, and discharges the selected modifying material from the shield machine to the earth surface. It is characterized by continuously adding and kneading in the continuous conveyance process of 1 and discharging the discharged soil to the ground surface in a modified state.
以下に図面に示した本発明の実施例について説明する。Embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described below.
第１図は本発明工法の実施の状態を図解的に示したもの
である。シールド機のカッターヘッドの背後にチャンバ
ー２をもつシールド機械で地中を掘削するさいに，チャ
ンバー２内には地表の泥漿材タンク３からポンプ４によ
って泥漿材が連続的に圧入される。チャンバー２内から
は泥漿材入り排土が排土装置５によって連続的に排出さ
れる。この排土は掘削した坑道６および立坑７を通じて
地表に搬出されるのであるが，第１図の例では立坑７の
底部近くに，泥状材料の定量切出装置8,筒状の混練搬送
装置9,および改質材の添加装置10とからなる排土連続処
理装置を設置し，ここで排土を改質してから，リフト11
によって地表に搬出する。シールド機械の排土装置５か
ら立坑近くに設置した排土連続処理装置までの排土搬送
は，排土の性状に応じて，第１図に示すようにホッパー
13に受けた泥漿材入り排土をスラリーポンプ14によって
管路搬送してもよいし，或いは第２図に示すようにグラ
ンピートロ15に積載して搬送してもよい。FIG. 1 schematically shows the state of implementation of the method of the present invention. When excavating the ground by the shield machine having the chamber 2 behind the cutter head of the shield machine, the sludge material is continuously pressed into the chamber 2 from the sludge material tank 3 on the surface by the pump 4. The soil containing the sludge material is continuously discharged from the chamber 2 by the soil discharging device 5. This soil is discharged to the surface of the earth through the excavated tunnel 6 and the shaft 7. In the example of Fig. 1, near the bottom of the shaft 7, a constant amount cutting device 8 for the mud-like material and a cylindrical kneading and conveying device. A continuous soil discharge treatment system consisting of 9 and the modifier addition device 10 was installed.
To bring it to the surface. Depending on the nature of the soil discharge, the hopper can be transported from the soil discharge device 5 of the shield machine to the continuous soil discharge device installed near the shaft as shown in Fig. 1.
The discharged soil containing sludge material received in 13 may be conveyed by a pipeline by a slurry pump 14, or may be loaded on a gran pietro 15 and conveyed as shown in FIG.
第３〜４図は，本発明に従う排土連続処理装置の全体を
示したものである。この図に示すように泥状材料の定量
切出装置８は，ホッパー18と，このホッパー18の底部開
口19の直下に張り渡した無端ベルト20からなっている。
すなわち，横方向に長く延びたスリット状の開口19を底
部にもつ横長のホッパー18をフレーム枠16（第３図にお
いて点線で示す）で支持すると共に，スリット状の開口
19の全開口面積を囲うに十分な面をもつ無端ベルト20を
スリットの長手方向に沿ってその下に張り渡し，そのさ
い無端ベルト20の一部20′をホッパー18の側方の材料切
出口21よりも外部に突出させる。ホッパー頂部の材料投
入口には大径の塊状物がホッパー18内に投入されるのを
防止するための格子フレーム17が張り渡してある。3 to 4 show the whole of the continuous soil unloading apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in this figure, the device 8 for quantitatively cutting out the muddy material is composed of a hopper 18 and an endless belt 20 stretched just below a bottom opening 19 of the hopper 18.
That is, a horizontally long hopper 18 having a slit-shaped opening 19 extending in the horizontal direction at the bottom is supported by a frame 16 (shown by a dotted line in FIG. 3), and a slit-shaped opening 19 is formed.
An endless belt 20 having a surface sufficient to enclose the entire opening area of 19 is stretched below the slit along the longitudinal direction of the slit, and a part 20 'of the endless belt 20 is cut off at the side of the hopper 18. Project more than 21. A lattice frame 17 for preventing large-sized lumps from being thrown into the hopper 18 is stretched over the material feeding port at the top of the hopper.
ホッパー18の底部開口19と無端ベルト20との取付け関係
を第５図に示した。第５図は無端ベルト20の幅方向の断
面で示したものであるが，ホッパー18の底部開口19を形
成しているホッパーの開口縁22a,22b（スリット状の開
口の長手方向に沿う縁部）の下縁23a,23bよりも距離ｈ
だけ下方に無端ベルト20の上面が位置するように，開口
19のスリット幅よりも拡幅の無端ベルト20を設置する。
そして，該下縁23a,23bと無端ベルト20との間の間隙を
囲うスカート部材24a,24bを取付ける。このスカート部
材24a,24bは樹脂板からなり，ホツパーの開口縁22a,22b
にボルトナット25a,25bによって上下位置調整可能に取
付けられ，このスカート部材24a,24bの下端が無端ベル
ト20の上面に常に摺接するようにその位置が調整され
る。本発明者らの実施経験によると，ゴム質の無端ベル
ト20を使用した場合，そのベルト表面と適切な樹脂で作
ったスカート部材24a,24bとを摺接させればベルト表面
は摩耗することなく樹脂側が摩耗してシール効果が持続
できることがわかった。したがって必要に応じて磨耗し
た分だけスカート部材24a,24bを下降させればよい。ま
た，無端ベルト20の表面には，ベルトの幅に沿った方向
をもち且つ相対するスカート部材24a,24b間の距離より
長さの短い邪魔板26を所定間隔を開けて設置してある。
この状態を第６図示した。この邪魔板26は，泥状材料が
スリット状の開口19からベルト20上に落下して第３図の
材料切出口21から切り出されるさいのベルト上での滑り
を防止する。The mounting relationship between the bottom opening 19 of the hopper 18 and the endless belt 20 is shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the endless belt 20 in the width direction, showing the opening edges 22a, 22b of the hopper forming the bottom opening 19 of the hopper 18 (the edges of the slit-like opening along the longitudinal direction). ) Distance h from lower edges 23a and 23b
Open so that the upper surface of the endless belt 20 is located only below.
An endless belt 20 wider than the slit width of 19 is installed.
Then, skirt members 24a, 24b surrounding the gap between the lower edges 23a, 23b and the endless belt 20 are attached. The skirt members 24a, 24b are made of a resin plate and are provided with opening edges 22a, 22b of the hopper.
The bolts and nuts 25a and 25b are attached to the skirt members 24a and 25b so that their vertical positions can be adjusted. According to the experience of the present inventors, when the rubber-like endless belt 20 is used, if the belt surface is slidably contacted with the skirt members 24a and 24b made of an appropriate resin, the belt surface is not worn. It was found that the resin side was worn and the sealing effect could be maintained. Therefore, if necessary, the skirt members 24a and 24b may be lowered by the amount of wear. Further, on the surface of the endless belt 20, baffle plates 26 having a direction along the width of the belt and having a length shorter than the distance between the opposing skirt members 24a, 24b are provided at a predetermined interval.
This state is shown in FIG. The baffle plate 26 prevents the mud-like material from slipping on the belt 20 when it falls on the belt 20 through the slit-shaped opening 19 and is cut out from the material cutting-out port 21 of FIG.
また，このベルト20による泥状材料の切出し量の調整
は，ベルト20の回転速度の調整と，材料切出口21に設け
た切出量調整具28によって行なう。第７図はこの切出量
調整具28の詳細を示したものである。第７図において,2
9はホッパーの材料切出側の側板であり，その側板29の
下縁30とベルト20の上面との間には所定の間隙が維持さ
れ，その開口31を通じて外部に突出するベルト20′面上
に材料が層状に押し出されてくるのであるが，該開口31
の開口量を調整する堰板32が側板29にスライド可能に設
置され，且つこの堰板32の下縁には水平方向に延びる押
さえ板33が突出ベルト20′面の上に張り出して設置され
ている。したがって実際にはこの押さえ板33と突出ベル
ト20′の面の間の間隙量が切り出される泥状材料の層厚
を決定することになる。押さえ板33はホッパー内の泥状
材料が切出口21から切り出されるさいのフラッシング現
象を阻止する機能を果たし，これによって連続的な定量
切出を可能にしている。Further, the cutting amount of the muddy material by the belt 20 is adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the belt 20 and the cutting amount adjusting tool 28 provided at the material cutting port 21. FIG. 7 shows the details of the cutting amount adjusting tool 28. In FIG. 7, 2
Reference numeral 9 denotes a side plate on the material cutting side of the hopper, and a predetermined gap is maintained between the lower edge 30 of the side plate 29 and the upper surface of the belt 20, and the belt 20 ′ surface protruding outward through the opening 31. The material is extruded in layers in the
A weir plate 32 for adjusting the opening amount of the is installed slidably on the side plate 29, and a pressing plate 33 extending in the horizontal direction is installed on the lower edge of the weir plate 32 so as to project above the protruding belt 20 'surface. There is. Therefore, actually, the amount of the gap between the pressing plate 33 and the surface of the protruding belt 20 'determines the layer thickness of the mud-like material to be cut out. The pressing plate 33 has a function of preventing a flushing phenomenon when the mud-like material in the hopper is cut out from the cutout port 21, thereby enabling continuous quantitative cutting.
無端ベルト20は第３〜４図に示すように，ホッパー18か
らの突出部20′をもって水平方向に張り渡され，その端
部35で方向を変換するが，この方向変換部35が，この定
量切出装置８の材料送出部となり，ここからベルト上の
層状材料が下方に自然に落下する。変換部35を通過した
ベルト面に泥状材料が付着して循環するのを防止するた
めに，モータ36で駆動するブラシ37が変換部35を通過し
たベルト面に摺動してベルト進行方向とは逆方向に回転
するように設置してある。As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the endless belt 20 is stretched horizontally with a projecting portion 20 ′ from the hopper 18, and its direction is changed at its end portion 35, and this direction changing portion 35 makes this fixed amount. It serves as a material feeding portion of the cutting device 8 and the layered material on the belt naturally drops downward from here. In order to prevent the mud-like material from adhering to the belt surface passing through the converting portion 35 and circulating, the brush 37 driven by the motor 36 slides on the belt surface passing through the converting portion 35 to move in the belt traveling direction. Is installed to rotate in the opposite direction.
次に本発明に従う混練搬送装置９について説明する。こ
れは，第３〜４図の略図に示すように，軸心部にスパイ
ラルオーガ40を備え且つ一端に材料投入口41を他端に材
料排出口42をもつ筒状の混練搬送装置であり，この装置
の材料投入口41に前記の定量切出装置８の材料送出部
（無端ベルトの方向変換部35）からの材料が自然に落下
するように設置する。そして，材料投入口41から材料排
出口42に向けてその軸芯が若干の上向きの勾配を持つよ
うに設置するのが好ましい。この混練搬送装置９の詳細
を第８〜10図に示した。Next, the kneading and conveying device 9 according to the present invention will be described. This is a cylindrical kneading / conveying device having a spiral auger 40 at its axial center and a material inlet 41 at one end and a material outlet 42 at the other end, as shown in the schematic diagrams of FIGS. The material is introduced from the material delivery section (direction change section 35 of the endless belt) of the quantitative cut-out apparatus 8 into the material input port 41 of this apparatus so that the material naturally drops. Then, it is preferable to install the material such that the shaft center thereof has a slight upward gradient from the material input port 41 to the material discharge port 42. Details of the kneading and conveying device 9 are shown in FIGS.
第８〜10図に示すように，混練搬送装置９は筒状の胴部
内にモータ43によって回転する回転軸44を軸芯に備えて
おり，この回転軸44にスパイラルオーガ40a,40b,40cを
間隔を開けて配置し，これらオーガの間隙の回転軸44に
はその半径の方向に杆状の掻き混ぜ翼45が所定の間隔を
開けて多数取付けてある。この混練搬送装置９の特徴の
一つはスパイラルオーガ40と掻き混ぜ翼45との組合せに
よって搬送と練混ぜを行わせるようにしたことにある。
すなわち，材料投入口41からは材料定量切出装置８から
の泥状材料46aと改質材添加装置10からの改質材46bが投
入されるのであるが，通常のスパイラルミキサーのよう
に一端から他端まで連続したスパイラル翼をもつものを
使用したのでは搬送効率は良好でも混練効果が十分では
なく，連続処理を行った場合に混練の程度が経時的に変
動し易い。本発明装置では長さの短いスパイラルオーガ
を間隔をあけて複数設置し，これらの間隙で先行材と後
行材とが混ざり合うスペースを確保すると同時にこれら
の間隙で杆状の掻き混ぜ翼45によって掻き混ぜるように
したものである。さらにもう一つの特徴は，混練搬送装
置９の筒状ケーシングを構成している胴部材料の少なく
とも一部を可撓性材料で構成した点である。図示の例で
は第９図や第10図の断面図に見られるように，可撓性の
シート材料47によって断面半円形（より具体的には半楕
円形）の樋状の筒を構成し，これに蓋体48を取外し可能
に被着することによって，全体として筒状のケーシング
を構成している。したがって，軸を横方向にして混練搬
送装置９を設置した場合に，少なくともその下半身は可
撓性材料で構成されており，スパイラルオーガ40と掻き
混ぜ翼45によって材料が搬送混練されるさいに，塊状物
が混入したり泥状材料に部分的な圧力が加わって応力集
中が生じた場合には，この可撓性材料が伸縮することに
よってその応力を緩和すると同時にその復元力によって
材料の押し出しと混練を助成する。このような効果を発
揮する可撓性材料としてはゴム材料が最も好適である。
特に改質材の種類によっては改質材が添加されてから材
料排出口42に出るまでの混練搬送装置内での処理中の短
時間に改質効果が表れるものがあり，本発明ではこのよ
うな短時間処理を一つの目的とするものでもあるから，
自由水の多い材料投入口41の近傍と自由水の少なくなっ
た材料排出口42との近傍では材料の流動性や粘性が大き
く異なっており，このために，同じ応力で搬送混練した
のでは応力の集中や偏りが生じる。本発明装置ではこの
問題をスパイラルオーガ40と掻き混ぜ翼45との組合せ構
造並びに可撓性材料からなるケーシングの使用によって
解決した点に大きな特徴がある。なお，第８図の49はド
レン抜き用の蓋を表しており，点線50で囲われる下半身
部分が可撓性材料からなっていることを示す。また材料
投入口41を除くケーシング部分に取付ける蓋48は取外し
自由に被着されており，この蓋48を外すことによって内
部の補修が簡単で行なえるようになっている。As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the kneading / conveying device 9 includes a rotary shaft 44, which is rotated by a motor 43, in the tubular body, and the spiral augers 40a, 40b, 40c are attached to the rotary shaft 44. A large number of rod-shaped agitating blades 45 are attached to the rotary shaft 44 in the auger gap at predetermined intervals in the radial direction of the auger. One of the characteristics of the kneading and conveying device 9 is that the spiral auger 40 and the stirring blade 45 are combined to perform the conveying and kneading.
That is, the muddy material 46a from the material quantitative cutting device 8 and the modifying material 46b from the modifying material adding device 10 are charged from the material charging port 41 from one end like a normal spiral mixer. If the one with continuous spiral blades up to the other end is used, the kneading effect is not sufficient but the kneading effect is sufficient, and the degree of kneading tends to change with time when continuous treatment is performed. In the device of the present invention, a plurality of spiral augers having a short length are installed at intervals, and a space where the preceding material and the following material are mixed is secured in these gaps, and at the same time, a rod-shaped stirring blade 45 is used in these gaps. It was made to stir. Still another feature is that at least a part of the body material forming the tubular casing of the kneading and conveying device 9 is made of a flexible material. In the illustrated example, as shown in the sectional views of FIGS. 9 and 10, the flexible sheet material 47 forms a gutter-shaped tube having a semicircular section (more specifically, a semi-elliptical shape), The lid 48 is detachably attached to this to form a tubular casing as a whole. Therefore, when the kneading / conveying device 9 is installed with its axis in the lateral direction, at least the lower half of the body is made of a flexible material, and when the material is conveyed and kneaded by the spiral auger 40 and the stirring blades 45, When lumps are mixed in or when a partial pressure is applied to the mud-like material to cause stress concentration, the flexible material expands and contracts to relieve the stress, and at the same time, the restoring force pushes the material out. Support kneading. A rubber material is most suitable as a flexible material that exhibits such effects.
In particular, depending on the type of the modifying material, there is a modifying effect that appears in a short time during the processing in the kneading and conveying device from the addition of the modifying material to the discharge to the material discharge port 42. Since the purpose of such a short time processing is also one,
The fluidity and viscosity of the material are greatly different in the vicinity of the material inlet 41 with much free water and the material outlet 42 with less free water. Concentration and bias occur. The apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that this problem is solved by the combined structure of the spiral auger 40 and the stirring blade 45 and the use of a casing made of a flexible material. Reference numeral 49 in FIG. 8 denotes a drain removing lid, and shows that the lower half of the body surrounded by a dotted line 50 is made of a flexible material. Further, the lid 48 attached to the casing portion excluding the material inlet 41 is freely attached and detached, and by removing the lid 48, the inside can be easily repaired.
改質材添加装置10は，第３〜４図に示すように改質材を
装填するビン52とこのビン52内の改質材を定量供給する
ための定量送出装置53を備えたものであり，定量送出装
置53の調整によってビン52内の改質材が混練搬送装置９
の材料投入口41に自重で落下するようにセットされてい
る。この改質材添加装置10は複数の改質材を同時に添加
できるように複数基設置することもでき，また液状の改
質材の場合にはこれを混練搬送装置９の材料投入口41に
向けてスプレーするような散液装置を備えることもでき
る。As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the reforming material adding device 10 is provided with a bin 52 for loading the reforming material and a fixed quantity delivery device 53 for quantitatively supplying the reforming material in the bin 52. By adjusting the fixed amount delivery device 53, the modifying material in the bottle 52 is mixed and conveyed by the kneading and conveying device 9
It is set so as to fall by its own weight into the material input port 41 of. A plurality of modifiers 10 can be installed so that a plurality of modifiers can be added at the same time. In the case of a liquid modifier, this modifier is directed to the material input port 41 of the kneading / conveying device 9. It is also possible to provide a sprinkler for spraying.
以上説明したような材料定量切出装置8,混練搬送装置９
および改質材添加装置10からなる一連の排土連続処理装
置を，第１図に示したように，シールド機械の後方（立
坑７の底部近くの位置）に設置し，ここで，シールド機
械の排土装置５から連続的に排出される泥漿材入り排土
を連続的に改質処理すると，改質された状態で地表に搬
出することが可能となる。したがって，地表ではもはや
二次処理を行なうことなくダンプ55にそのまま積載して
埋め立て土等として利用箇所に搬送することができ，既
述の本発明の目的が効果的に達成される。Material quantitative cutting device 8 and kneading and conveying device 9 as described above
As shown in Fig. 1, a series of continuous soil discharge treatment devices consisting of the and the modifier addition device 10 are installed behind the shield machine (at a position near the bottom of the shaft 7). When the soil containing soil material discharged continuously from the soil discharging device 5 is continuously modified, it can be carried out to the ground surface in a modified state. Therefore, it is possible to load the dump 55 as it is on the surface of the earth without any secondary treatment and transport it as landfill soil or the like to the use place, and the above-described object of the present invention is effectively achieved.
以下に，本発明による排土の改質効果を本発明者らの行
った代表的な実験結果に基づいて説明する。Below, the effect of soil reforming according to the present invention will be described based on the results of typical experiments conducted by the present inventors.
試験例１ 比重Gs＝2.75の土砂を供試材とし，その含水比と泥漿材
としてのベントナイト（粘度4500cps）の添加量を変え
てスランプ値の異なる泥状材料とし，各々に改質材とし
て水溶性高分子剤（半水石膏＋ポリアクリル酸ソーダ系
化合物＋糖誘導体）を0.2wt.％添加し混練したあと，そ
のスランプ値を測定した。その結果を第11図に示した。
第11図の結果に見られるように，含水比20％の土砂にベ
ントナイトを12.5％添加した泥状材料はスランプ値は25
cmであったが改質剤添加後はスランプ値が０になった。
同様に，含水比14の土砂にベントナイト18％添加した泥
状材料はスランプ値19cmであったが，改質後のそれは０
になり，含水比７％の土砂にベントナイト27％添加した
泥状材料はスランプ値14cmであったが改質後はスランプ
値０となった。Test Example 1 Soil and sand with a specific gravity G s = 2.75 was used as a test material, and the water content and the addition amount of bentonite (viscosity 4500 cps) as sludge material were changed to make mud-like materials with different slump values. A water-soluble polymer agent (hemihydrate gypsum + sodium polyacrylate compound + sugar derivative) was added at 0.2 wt.% And kneaded, and then the slump value was measured. The results are shown in Fig. 11.
As can be seen from the results in Fig. 11, the slump value is 25 for the mud-like material in which bentonite is added at 12.5% to the soil with a water content of 20%.
Although it was cm, the slump value became 0 after the addition of the modifier.
Similarly, the muddy material obtained by adding 18% bentonite to soil with a water content of 14 had a slump value of 19 cm, but that after modification was 0.
The mud-like material in which 27% of bentonite was added to soil with a water content of 7% had a slump value of 14 cm, but after modification the slump value was 0.
試験例２ 試験例１と同じ土砂に泥漿材として高吸水性樹脂（製鉄
化学社製商品名アクアキープ）を使用して流動化させ
た。該樹脂はその容積の200倍の水を吸水させた状態で
使用された。この状態で土砂のスランプ値は8cmであっ
た。これに改質剤として塩化カルシウムを吸水後の樹脂
重量の40％添加し,30分後にスランプを測定したところ3
cmとなった。Test Example 2 The same earth and sand as in Test Example 1 was fluidized using a highly water-absorbent resin (trade name: Aqua Keep, manufactured by Iron and Steel Chemicals Co., Ltd.) as a sludge material. The resin was used while absorbing 200 times its volume of water. In this state, the slump value of earth and sand was 8 cm. Calcium chloride as a modifier was added to this in an amount of 40% of the resin weight after absorbing water, and the slump was measured after 30 minutes.
It became cm.
試験例３ 含水比ω＝38％，土の湿潤密度γt＝1.95g/cm3の現場発
生土に，注入率で約30％程度のカルボキシメチルセルロ
ースを泥漿材として混入させ排土のスランプ値は17.5cm
であった。なお，該注入率は現場発生土の体積に対する
ものである。この泥漿材入り排土に繊維素分解酵素剤
（ヤクルト社製のセルラーゼ剤0.2％溶液）を泥漿材注
入量の10％の量で添加し,30分後のスランプ値を測定し
たところ2.0cmとなった。Test Example 3 The slump value of soil discharge was obtained by mixing about 30% of carboxymethyl cellulose as a slurry material into the soil generated at the site where the water content ratio was ω = 38% and the soil wet density was γ t = 1.95 g / cm 3. 17.5 cm
Met. The injection rate is based on the volume of soil generated at the site. A fibrinolytic enzyme agent (0.2% solution of cellulase agent manufactured by Yakult) was added to the soil containing this sludge at an amount of 10% of the injected amount of the sludge, and the slump value after 30 minutes was measured to be 2.0 cm. became.
試験例４ 試験例１と同じ土砂を使用しその含水比を20％とした。
これに，試験例1,2,3の泥漿材すなわちベントナイト，
高吸水性樹脂,CMC（但し粘度＝4000cps）をそれぞれ12.
5％添加した。この泥漿材入り土砂に改質剤として石灰
系硬化剤またはセメント系硬化剤を40kg/m3の量で添加
混練した。この改質直後,1時間後,3時間後のスランプ値
を測定し，改質前後のスランプの経時変化を調べた。そ
の結果を第12図に示した。第12図の結果に見られるよう
にCMCおよびベントナイト系泥漿材に対して大幅な改質
効果が表れた。Test Example 4 The same earth and sand as in Test Example 1 was used, and the water content ratio was 20%.
In addition to these, the sludge material of Test Examples 1, 2 and 3, namely bentonite,
Super absorbent resin, CMC (however, viscosity = 4000cps) 12.
5% was added. A lime-based hardening agent or a cement-based hardening agent as a modifier was added and kneaded to the earth and sand containing the slurry material in an amount of 40 kg / m 3 . Immediately after this reforming, 1 hour later, 3 hours later, the slump value was measured, and the temporal change of the slump before and after the reforming was investigated. The result is shown in FIG. As can be seen from the results shown in Fig. 12, a significant improvement effect was exhibited for CMC and bentonite-based sludge.
同様に改質後の一軸圧縮試験を材令１日,7日および28日
について行ない第１表の結果を得た。Similarly, a uniaxial compression test after modification was carried out for 1 day, 7 days and 28 days of age, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
以上説明したように，本発明によると，シールド工事に
おいて問題となっていた泥漿材入り排土の処理がシール
ド工事の施工に支障を与えることなく簡単且つ確実に行
なうことができ，特に都市土木の合理化に大きく貢献す
ることができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily and surely perform the disposal of the soil containing the sludge material, which has been a problem in the shield work, without hindering the shield work. It can greatly contribute to rationalization.
第１図は本発明に従うシールド工事の排土処理の実施の
状態を示す施工図，第２図は第１図の施工図における排
土搬送の別の態様を示す部分施工図，第３図は本発明に
従う排土連続改質処理装置の全体を示す側面図，第４図
は第３図の装置の平面図，第５図は定量切出装置の無端
ベルト部分の断面図，第６図は無体ベルトの斜視図，第
７図は定量切出装置の切出口部分を示す断面図，第８図
混練搬送装置の断面図，第９図は第８図のＡ−Ａ線矢視
断面図，第10図は第８図のＢ−Ｂ線矢視断面図，第11図
は本文に説明した試験例１の結果を示す改質前後のスラ
ンプの変化を示す図，第12図は本文に説明した試験例４
の改質前後のスランプの変化を示す図である。 １……カッターヘッド,2……チャンバー,3……泥漿材容
器,5……排土装置,7……立坑,8……泥状材料の定量切出
装置,9……混練搬送装置,10……改質材添加装置,11……
リフト,24……樹脂製スカート部材,26……ベルト表面に
取付けた邪魔板,28……切出量調整具,32……堰板,33…
…押さえ板,40……スパイラルオーガ,41……材料投入
口,42……材料排出口,45……杆状の掻き混ぜ翼,47……
可撓性材料からなるケーシング。FIG. 1 is a construction drawing showing a state of carrying out earth removal treatment of shield construction according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial construction drawing showing another aspect of earth removal transportation in the construction drawing of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the entire soil-removing continuous reforming treatment apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an endless belt portion of a quantitative cutting device, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the body belt, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a cut-out portion of the constant-volume cutting device, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the kneading / conveying device, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 8, FIG. 11 is a view showing the results of Test Example 1 described in the text, showing a change in slump before and after reforming, and FIG. 12 is described in the text. Test Example 4
It is a figure which shows the change of the slump before and after the modification of. 1 …… Cutter head, 2 …… Chamber, 3 …… Slurry material container, 5 …… Soil discharging device, 7 …… Vertical shaft, 8 …… Mudging material quantitative cutting device, 9 …… Kneading and conveying device, 10 …… Modifier addition device, 11 ……
Lift, 24 …… Resin skirt member, 26 …… Baffle plate attached to the belt surface, 28 …… Cutting amount adjustment tool, 32 …… Dam plate, 33…
… Pressing plate, 40 …… Spiral auger, 41 …… Material input port, 42 …… Material discharge port, 45 …… Rod-shaped stirring blade, 47 ……
A casing made of flexible material.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 尾藤 政招 東京都港区元赤坂１丁目２番７号 鹿島建 設株式会社内 (72)発明者 三尾 興平 東京都港区元赤坂１丁目２番７号 鹿島建 設株式会社内 (72)発明者 山代 育民 千葉県市川市本塩２―８ (72)発明者 青山 要 東京都杉並区下高井戸５―８―13 (72)発明者 足立 正 埼玉県草加市谷塚62―404 (72)発明者 高橋 守男 千葉県習志野市津田沼３―７―１―302 (56)参考文献 特開 昭52−97233（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−90500（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭59−116316（ＪＰ，Ｕ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masatoshi Bito 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Kohei Mio 1-2-2 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. 7 Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yamashiro Ikumin 2-8 Honshio, Ichikawa City, Chiba Prefecture (72) Inventor Kaoru Aoyama 5-8-13 Shimotakaido, Suginami-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Tadashi Adachi 62-404 Yatsuka, Soka City, Saitama Prefecture (72) Morio Takahashi 3-7-1-1, Tsudanuma, Narashino City, Chiba Prefecture (56) Reference JP-A-52-97233 (JP, A) JP-A-62-90500 ( JP, A) Actual development Sho 59-116316 (JP, U)
Claims (4)
状排土を投入するホッパーと，このホッパーの底部開口
の直下に張り渡した回転速度可変の無端ベルトと，そし
てこの無端ベルト上に切り出される泥状材料の層厚を調
節するための切出量調整具とを備えた泥状材料の定量切
出装置； この定量切出装置から切出される泥状材料を受け入れる
材料投入口を一端に有し他端に材料排出口を有した筒状
の胴部と，この胴部内の軸方向に設けられた動力駆動の
回転軸と，この回転軸に取付けられたスパイラルオーガ
と，そして該回転軸に取付けられた杆状の掻き混ぜ翼と
を備えた混練搬送装置；および 該混練搬送装置の材料投入口に改質材を添加するための
改質材添加装置； からなるシールド工法の排土連続処理装置。1. A hopper for charging mud-like soil containing sludge material discharged from a shield machine, an endless belt having a variable rotation speed stretched just below a bottom opening of the hopper, and on the endless belt. A fixed amount cutting device for the mud material, which is provided with a cutting amount adjusting tool for adjusting the layer thickness of the mud material to be cut; a material input port for receiving the mud material cut from the fixed amount cutting device A cylindrical body having a material discharge port at the other end, a power-driven rotating shaft axially provided in the body, a spiral auger attached to the rotating shaft, and the rotating body. A kneading and conveying device equipped with a rod-shaped stirring blade attached to a shaft; and a modifying material adding device for adding a modifying material to a material input port of the kneading and conveying device; Continuous processing equipment.
ルトの幅方向に沿った邪魔板が所定間隔を開けて設置し
てある特許請求の範囲第１項記載の排土連続処理装置。2. The continuous soil discharge treatment device according to claim 1, wherein baffle plates along the width direction of the belt are installed at predetermined intervals on the surface of the endless belt of the quantitative cutting device. .
の底部開口を形成している材料切出側の側板の下縁とベ
ルト上面との間の間隙を調節する部材からなり，この部
材は該側板にスライド可能に設置される堰板と，この堰
板から水平方向に延びる押さえ板とからなる特許請求の
範囲第１項または第２項記載の排土連続処理装置。3. A cutting amount adjusting tool of the quantitative cutting device comprises a member for adjusting a gap between a lower edge of a material cutting side side plate forming a bottom opening of a hopper and a belt upper surface. 3. The continuous soil discharge treatment device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the member comprises a weir plate slidably installed on the side plate, and a holding plate extending in a horizontal direction from the weir plate.
部が可撓性材料で構成されている特許請求の範囲第１
項，第２項または第３項記載の排土連続処理装置。4. A body part of a kneading and conveying device, at least a part of which is made of a flexible material.
Item 6. The continuous soil discharge treatment device according to item 2 or 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63098375A JPH0696954B2 (en) | 1988-04-22 | 1988-04-22 | Soil waste disposal device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63098375A JPH0696954B2 (en) | 1988-04-22 | 1988-04-22 | Soil waste disposal device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01315593A JPH01315593A (en) | 1989-12-20 |
| JPH0696954B2 true JPH0696954B2 (en) | 1994-11-30 |
Family
ID=14218132
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63098375A Expired - Lifetime JPH0696954B2 (en) | 1988-04-22 | 1988-04-22 | Soil waste disposal device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0696954B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006200250A (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2006-08-03 | Okumura Corp | Mud disposal method of mud pressure shield driving |
| JP5571219B1 (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-08-13 | 中性固化土工事業協同組合 | Shield excavation residual soil processing method and processing system |
| JP6432771B2 (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2018-12-05 | 清水建設株式会社 | Excavated soil treatment system and shield excavator |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5297233A (en) * | 1976-02-12 | 1977-08-15 | Taiho Kensetsu Kk | Excavation method of lateral pit by means of method of shield construction |
| JPS59116316U (en) * | 1983-01-24 | 1984-08-06 | 株式会社奥村組 | flexible bending screw conveyor |
| JPS6290500A (en) * | 1986-07-01 | 1987-04-24 | 株式会社熊谷組 | Apparatus for improving shield excavation soil |
-
1988
- 1988-04-22 JP JP63098375A patent/JPH0696954B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01315593A (en) | 1989-12-20 |
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