JPH0685665B2 - Mulcher for full-scale coating on plains by placing soil from both sides on both sides of the film - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 ばれいしょや野菜等では、連作によってそうか病等の土
壌病害虫の発生が多くなっており、クロピクリン剤等の
ガス化する薬剤を用いて土壌消毒を行っている。本発明
は土壌消毒時の有毒ガス放散による公害防止と、消毒効
果の向上、さらに風雨によって剥がれ難いフィルム被覆
を行う目的で、畦立てを行わないで、フィルムを圃場全
面に被覆することに利用する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] In potatoes, vegetables, etc., soil pests such as common scab are frequently generated due to continuous cropping, and soil disinfection is performed using a gasifying agent such as clopicrin agent. It is carried out. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used for coating a film on the entire surface of a field without raising ridges for the purpose of preventing pollution by toxic gas emission during soil disinfection, improving disinfection effect, and further coating a film that is difficult to peel off by wind and rain. .

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

従来のマルチャにおいて、一番多いフィルム被覆法は、
第６図に示すようにフィルムの両側縁にフィルムの外か
ら土を乗せるもので、フィルム上の土33は消毒されな
い。またマルチャが往復してフィルム被覆する行程間
に、被覆されない部分35が20〜30cmでき、その部分の消
毒効果が劣るばかりでなく、有害ガス32が放散して人畜
への公害発生に至る。さらにフィルムの両側縁上に覆土
された土33は風雨で流れ落ち易く、被覆したフィルム34
が剥がれ易い等の問題がある。The most common film coating method in conventional Mulcha is
As shown in FIG. 6, soil is placed on both side edges of the film from the outside of the film, and the soil 33 on the film is not disinfected. In addition, the uncovered portion 35 is 20 to 30 cm in length during the process in which the Mulcher reciprocates and coats the film, and not only the disinfecting effect of that portion is inferior, but also harmful gas 32 is diffused to cause pollution to human livestock. Further, the soil 33 covered on both side edges of the film is easily washed away by wind and rain, and the coated film 34
There is a problem such as easy peeling.

また先願事例の中には前述のフィルムが剥がれ易いとい
う問題を解消するために、畦用のフィルム被覆機につい
て３事例ほどある（特開昭53-143524号公報、特公報昭5
5-33607号公報、実公報58-54923号公報）。その方法は
第７図、第８図、第９図に示すとおり、いずれも整形し
た畦をフィルム36,37,38で覆い、畦の谷部に近い傾斜部
分に何らかの押し込み具（装置）39,40,41を用い、フィ
ルムの外から押し込み、畦に保持する方法をとってい
る。この事例の場合、畦を立てているので土壌消毒には
適さない。つまり土層全部を均一に消毒するには圃場に
大きな凹凸があってはならない。また土壌消毒後一定期
間経過した時もう一度トラクタで耕耘してガス抜きを行
うため畦立てをすることは不都合である。さらに畦を作
るための装置やフィルムを押し込むための装置が外側に
はみだして設けてあるため、往復してフィルムを被覆す
る行程間（谷部）に隙間を生じて、有害ガス42,43,44が
放散する。In addition, among the cases of the prior application, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem that the film is easily peeled off, there are about three cases of film coating machines for ridges (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-143524 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-143524).
5-33607 publication, actual publication 58-54923 publication). As shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the method is to cover the shaped ridges with films 36, 37 and 38, and push some kind of pushing tool (device) 39, on the inclined part near the valley of the ridges. 40, 41 is used to push the film from the outside and hold it in the ridge. In this case, it is not suitable for soil disinfection because it has ridges. In other words, in order to disinfect the whole soil layer uniformly, there should be no large unevenness in the field. Moreover, when a certain period of time has passed after soil disinfection, it is inconvenient to cultivate the ridges again for degassing by plowing with a tractor. Furthermore, since a device for making ridges and a device for pushing in the film are provided outside, a gap is created between the strokes (valleys) for reciprocating and covering the film, and harmful gas 42,43,44 Is dissipated.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

従来のマルチャは前述のように被覆したフィルム34が風
雨で剥がれ易く、また被覆したフィルム間に隙間35がで
きるためガス32が放散し、公害発生や土壌消毒効果が劣
るという問題があった。As described above, the conventional mulcher has a problem that the coated film 34 is easily peeled off by wind and rain, and a gap 35 is formed between the coated films, so that the gas 32 is diffused and pollution and soil sterilization effects are poor.

本発明は、ばれいしょ等の植付け前に、トラクタ等によ
り圃場を膨軟に耕耘し、土壌消毒機で薬剤を灌注した
後、歩行型管理機等に開発マルチャをセットし、平らな
状態で、フィルムの両側縁へ内側から土を押し出して乗
せる方法により全面被覆しようというものである。The present invention, before planting potatoes, etc., cultivate the field loosely by a tractor etc., irrigate the chemical with a soil disinfecting machine, then set the developed marcia in a walk-type management machine, etc., in a flat state, film It is intended to cover the entire surface by pushing out the soil from both sides to the both side edges.

本方法によるとフィルムの両側縁は土を内巻きにした形
となり、往復作業を繰り返した場合、フィルムとフィル
ムの間は密着29されて、フィルム45を圃場のほぼ全面に
被覆することができるので有毒ガスの放散防止と土壌消
毒効果が高く、風雨によって剥がれ難い全面被覆マルチ
ャを提供することを目的としている。According to this method, both side edges of the film have a shape in which the soil is wound inwardly, and when the reciprocating work is repeated, the film and the film are closely adhered to each other, so that the film 45 can cover almost the entire field. The purpose of the invention is to provide a whole-covered Mulcha that is highly effective in preventing the emission of toxic gases and disinfecting soil, and that is difficult to peel off due to wind and rain.

〔課題を解決するための手段及び作用〕[Means and Actions for Solving the Problems]

本発明のフィルム両側縁へ内側から土を乗せて保持する
場合、一定の土量を確保すると同時に、フィルムの左右
へのずれを無くすことがポイントである。When soil is placed on both side edges of the film of the present invention and held from the inside, the point is to secure a constant amount of soil and at the same time eliminate the lateral shift of the film.

そのため、マルチャ前部の摺動杆20の両側に、上下調節
可能に止着した作溝犂１は、土を左または右へ片寄せで
きる形状としており、第４図に示した土の流れ27のよう
に、前進することによって作溝された土はマルチャの内
側へ寄せられ、フィルムへ乗せる土量を確保する。作溝
犂１は、細長い作溝犂側板10を踏圧輪小３の内側側方ま
で延長した形としており、作溝して内側に寄せた土が再
び溝へ崩れ落ちるのを防ぐ。Therefore, the grooving ridges 1 that are fixed to both sides of the sliding rod 20 at the front of the mulcher so as to be adjustable up and down have a shape that allows the soil to be biased to the left or right, and the soil flow 27 shown in FIG. As shown, the soil created by moving forward is brought to the inside of the marcha, and the amount of soil to be placed on the film is secured. The grooving plow 1 has a shape in which an elongated grooving pallet side plate 10 is extended to the inner side of the tread wheel small 3 to prevent the soil that has been grooved and moved inward from collapsing into the groove again.

また作溝した直後に、フィルムホルダ17に保持されたフ
ィルム18を繰り出して広げ、両側の溝部のフィルム31を
踏圧輪大２で押さえる。踏圧輪大２は転動自在に設けて
おり、踏圧輪大支持杆13に設けたスプリング15によっ
て、適宜に圧力を加えながら溝上のフィルムを押さえ、
さらに踏圧輪小支持杆14に設けたスプリング16により、
踏圧輪小３を適宜に下方に押さえ、転動しながらフィル
ム31を保持する（第３・４・５図参照）。この２つの踏
圧輪はスポンジ製で、極薄のフィルムを破ることなく押
さえフィルム31が左右にずれるのを防止する。Immediately after making the groove, the film 18 held by the film holder 17 is unrolled and unfolded, and the film 31 in the groove portions on both sides is pressed by the tread wheel large 2. The large tread wheel 2 is rotatably provided, and the spring 15 provided on the large tread support rod 13 presses the film on the groove while appropriately applying pressure.
Furthermore, with the spring 16 provided on the small tread wheel support rod 14,
The treading wheel small 3 is appropriately pressed downward to hold the film 31 while rolling (see FIGS. 3, 4 and 5). These two tread wheels are made of sponge and prevent the pressing film 31 from shifting to the left or right without breaking the ultrathin film.

さらに摺動杆21に下方から後方へ向けて止着した土移動
板アーム12には、踏圧輪小３の内側位置から後方両側へ
向けて、ハの字状に止着した土移動板５によって、作溝
犂１で内側に寄せられた土は再びフィルム両側縁へ向け
て押し出される。Further, the earth moving plate arm 12 fixed to the sliding rod 21 from the lower side to the rear side is provided with the earth moving plate 5 fixed in the shape of a V from the inner position of the tread wheel small 3 toward both rear sides. The soil brought inward by the work groove 1 is again pushed toward both side edges of the film.

この時フィルム反転杆４によってフィルムの両側縁が押
し出された土と一緒に外側へずれないように保持してお
く。マルチャの前進にともない、内側から押し出された
土が、溝中の低い位置でフィルム両側縁を押さえている
フィルム反転杆４の上を越してフィルムの内面両側縁に
乗り、さらにマルチャの前進によりフィルム反転杆４が
前方に移動し、土はフィルムに包み込まれた形となり保
持される（第４図参照）。このフィルム反転杆４は踏圧
輪小支持杆14の下部に関節部９を設け、関節部から後方
へ向けて土移動板５の後方部まで設けており、牽引機が
若干上下しても、自重で溝中のフィルムを軽く押さえな
がら水平に動く。特にフィルム反転杆４の位置が重要で
あり、外側にずれると土を巻き込まなくなるので、フィ
ルム反転杆４の後端部を土移動板５の後方下部に接近し
た位置になるよう調整する。At this time, both side edges of the film are held by the film reversing rod 4 together with the extruded soil so as not to shift outward. As the mulcher moves forward, the soil extruded from the inside rides over the film reversing rods 4 that hold down both side edges of the film at a low position in the groove, and rides on the inner side edges of the film. The reversing rod 4 moves forward, and the soil is wrapped and held in the film (see FIG. 4). This film reversing rod 4 is provided with a joint portion 9 below the small tread wheel support rod 14 and is provided rearward from the joint portion to the rear portion of the earth moving plate 5 so that even if the towing machine is slightly moved up and down, the weight of the self-weighting rod is reduced. Move horizontally while gently pressing the film in the groove. Especially, the position of the film reversing rod 4 is important, and if it shifts to the outside, the soil is not taken in. Therefore, the rear end of the film reversing rod 4 is adjusted so as to be close to the lower rear portion of the soil moving plate 5.

そしてフィルム反転補助杆６は土移動板５の前部に止着
し、フィルム反転杆４の後方上部まで円弧状に位置させ
ることにより、土が両側縁へ向けて押し出されるとき、
フィルムの両側縁を外側へ引っ張り出しながら膨らませ
るので、内側から土を乗せるのを助ける。このような作
用によりフィルム被覆が可能となるが、往復作業を繰り
返すので、前行程で被覆したフィルム30の側縁に接触し
ても、フィルムを引きかけて破らないように、作溝犂１
の先端28を内側に湾曲させている。Then, the film reversal auxiliary rod 6 is fixed to the front part of the soil moving plate 5 and is positioned in a circular arc shape to the rear upper part of the film reversing rod 4, so that when the soil is pushed out toward both side edges,
Since both sides of the film are inflated by pulling them outwards, it helps to put the soil from the inside. The film can be coated by such an action, but since the reciprocating work is repeated, even if the film 30 is covered in the previous process, even if it comes into contact with the side edge of the film 30, the film is not pulled and broken.
The tip 28 is curved inward.

土に移動量の調整は、作溝犂１、定規車８及び土移動板
５やその下部に止着した土切削刃７等の上下調節によっ
て調整できる。定規車８は横長円筒形の車輪で、両側の
土移動板５のほぼ中央部内側位置に止着し、土移動量の
調整のほか機体のバランス、操作性を向上させる。The amount of movement on the soil can be adjusted by vertically adjusting the work groove 1, the ruler wheel 8, the soil moving plate 5, and the soil cutting blade 7 fixed to the lower portion thereof. The ruler wheel 8 is a horizontally long cylindrical wheel, which is fixed to the inside position of the soil moving plate 5 on both sides to adjust the soil moving amount and improve the balance and operability of the machine body.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

実施例について図面を参照して説明すると第１図、第２
図、第３図において、耕耘機、牽引機、またはトラクタ
等の農用動力走行機24の作業機取付杆25の後位に六角管
の横杆22を設け、横杆22には摺動杆20・21を左右移動可
能に取付けボルト固定とする。摺動杆20には作溝犂調節
アーム26をマルチャの前部両側に向けて固着し、それに
作溝犂１を上下抜き差し可能にボルト締めする。また摺
動杆20には、踏圧輪アーム19を後方に向けて固着し、そ
れに踏圧輪大支持杆13と踏圧輪小支持杆14を上下抜差し
可能に止着した。２つの踏圧輪支持杆にはそれぞれスプ
リング15、16を設け、下部には大・小の円形スポンジを
やや少さめの円鋼板２枚で挟んだ踏圧輪２・３を設け
た。さらに踏圧輪小支持杆14の接地部近くに関節部９を
設け、そこから細い丸鋼管製のフィルム反転杆４を後方
に向けて設け、後方先端が上下に動くようにした。また
土移動板アーム摺動管21には土移動板アーム取付杆23を
固着し、上下調節可能な土移動板アーム12を止着した。
その土移動板アーム12の中ほどから後部には、土移動板
５を皿ボルト・ナットで止着し、その下部には土切削刃
７を上下調節可能に皿ボルト・ナットで止着した。また
土移動板５の前部からフィルム反転杆４の後端上部位置
まで、細い丸鋼製のフィルム反転補助杆６を円弧状に設
けた。土移動板アーム12の後部で左右の土移動板５の間
に定規車８とフィルム被覆幅調節杆11を止着し、定規車
８は横長の円筒形としボルト・ナット等を用いて上下調
節可能に止着した。フィルム被覆幅調節杆11は、細い丸
鋼と丸鋼管を用いて抜き差し可能とし、ボルト固定とし
た。An embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 3 and FIG. 3, a horizontal rod 22 of a hexagonal tube is provided behind the work implement mounting rod 25 of the agricultural power traveling machine 24 such as a cultivator, a tractor, or a tractor, and a sliding rod 20 is provided on the horizontal rod 22.・ 21 is fixed to the left and right by mounting bolts. The sliding groove 20 is fixed with the grooving groove adjusting arms 26 on both sides of the front part of the mulcher, and the grooving groove 1 is bolted to the sliding rod 20 so that it can be pulled out and up. A tread wheel arm 19 is fixed rearward to the sliding rod 20, and a large tread wheel support rod 13 and a small tread wheel support rod 14 are fastened to the sliding rod 20 so that the tread wheel arm 19 can be inserted and removed vertically. Two treading wheel support rods are provided with springs 15 and 16, respectively, and treading wheels 2.3 in which large and small circular sponges are sandwiched between two slightly smaller circular steel plates are provided below. Further, a joint portion 9 is provided near the ground contact portion of the small stepping wheel supporting rod 14, and a film reversing rod 4 made of a thin round steel tube is provided rearward from the joint portion 9 so that the rear end can move up and down. A soil moving plate arm mounting rod 23 was fixed to the soil moving plate arm sliding pipe 21, and a vertically movable soil moving plate arm 12 was fixed.
The earth moving plate 5 was fixed to the rear part of the earth moving plate arm 12 with countersunk bolts and nuts, and the earth cutting blade 7 was fixed to the lower part with countersunk bolts and nuts so as to be vertically adjustable. Further, a thin round steel film reversing auxiliary rod 6 is provided in an arc shape from the front part of the soil moving plate 5 to the upper position of the rear end of the film reversing rod 4. A ruler wheel 8 and a film covering width adjusting rod 11 are fixed between the left and right soil mover plates 5 at the rear part of the earth mover plate arm 12, and the ruler wheel 8 has a horizontally long cylindrical shape and is vertically adjusted using bolts and nuts. It was possible to settle. The film covering width adjusting rod 11 was made to be removable by using thin round steel and a round steel pipe, and was fixed by bolts.

〔発明の効果〕〔The invention's effect〕

本発明は以上説明したような構成であるので、以下のよ
うな効果を奏する。Since the present invention has the configuration as described above, it has the following effects.

平らな圃場へフィルムを隙間なく全面被覆ができるの
で、土壌消毒後の有毒ガスの放散がなくなり、公害発生
を防止できるとともに、土壌消毒の効果が高くなる。Since the film can be entirely covered on a flat field without gaps, the emission of toxic gas after soil disinfection is prevented, pollution can be prevented, and the effect of soil disinfection is enhanced.

またフィルムを被覆するとき、２つの踏圧輪によりフィ
ルムの両側縁を押圧しながら転動するので、風がやや強
いときでもフィルムの被覆作業が可能である。さらにフ
ィルムの被覆方法は、第４図、第10図のようにフィルム
の両側縁へ内側から土を乗せて巻き込む形になるので、
風雨によって流されることがなく、フィルムの剥がれが
少なくなる。Further, when the film is covered, the two treading wheels roll while pressing both side edges of the film, so that the film can be covered even when the wind is slightly strong. Furthermore, the method of covering the film is as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 10, in which soil is placed on both sides of the film from the inside and rolled up.
It is not washed away by wind and rain, and the film peels less.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

第１図は本発明全体の平面図、第２図は本発明全体の側
面図、第３図は本発明の斜視図、第４図は本発明による
フィルム被覆時の土の流れと、フィルムに土が内巻きに
なる状態を示す斜視・断面図、第５図は本発明の被覆機
によるフィルム全面被覆の状態を示す斜視図、第６図は
従来技術でフィルム両側縁に上から土を乗せる方式の断
面図、第７図、第８図、第９図は従来技術で畦用フィル
ム被覆方法の断面図。第10図は本発明のフィルム全面被
覆後の断面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a soil flow at the time of film coating according to the present invention and a film. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which the soil is wound inward, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state where the entire surface of the film is coated by the coating machine of the present invention, and FIG. The sectional views of the method, FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are sectional views of a conventional method for coating a film for ridges. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view after covering the entire surface of the film of the present invention.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】動力走行機24の後位に設けた横杆22の両側
部に摺動杆20を摺動可能に止着し、その摺動杆20に作溝
犂１と、その後方に転動可能な踏圧輪大２と踏圧輪小３
を止着し、踏圧輪小支持杆14の接地部近くに関節部９を
設け、そこから後方に向けてフィルム反転杆４を止着す
る。さらに横杆22には摺動杆20の内側に摺動杆21を止着
し、これに固着した土移動板アーム取付杆23には、フィ
ルムホルダ17から引出して展張したフィルムの下部に位
置する状態で、土移動板アーム12を下方から後方に向け
て上下調節可能に止着する。土移動板アーム12のほぼ中
央部から後方部まで土移動板５を、前方より後方をやや
外側へ広げてハの字状に止着し、土移動板５の下部には
土切削刃７を止着する。フィルム反転補助杆６は、土移
動板アーム12の中央部から、フィルム反転杆４の先端上
方まで円弧状に設ける。左右の土移動板５の間には、転
輪する横長円筒形の定規車８を上下調節可能に止着す
る。以上の構造を有し、フィルムの両側縁に内側から土
を乗せて保持する平地用全面被覆マルチャ。Claims: 1. Sliding rods 20 are slidably fixed to both sides of a horizontal rod 22 provided at the rear of the power traveling machine 24, and the sliding rod 20 has a grooving groove 1 and a rear portion thereof. Rollable tread wheel large 2 and tread wheel small 3
The joint portion 9 is provided near the ground contact portion of the small tread wheel support rod 14, and the film reversing rod 4 is fixed rearward from there. Further, a sliding rod 21 is fixedly attached to the inside of the sliding rod 20 on the horizontal rod 22, and a soil moving plate arm attachment rod 23 fixed to the sliding rod 21 is located below the film pulled out from the film holder 17 and stretched. In this state, the earth moving plate arm 12 is fixed so as to be vertically adjustable from below. The soil moving plate 5 is spread from the front to the rear to the outside slightly from the center of the soil moving plate arm 12 to the rear part, and is fixed in a V shape, and the soil cutting blade 7 is attached to the lower portion of the soil moving plate 5. Fasten. The film reversing auxiliary rod 6 is provided in an arc shape from the central portion of the soil moving plate arm 12 to above the tip of the film reversing rod 4. Between the left and right soil moving plates 5, a horizontally elongated cylindrical ruler wheel 8 that is wheeled is fastened vertically. A flat surface whole-covering Mulcher that has the above structure and holds the soil from the inside on both side edges of the film.