JPH0681146U - Automatic frequency control circuit for FM-CW radar transmitter - Google Patents

Automatic frequency control circuit for FM-CW radar transmitter

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Publication number
JPH0681146U
JPH0681146U JP2646493U JP2646493U JPH0681146U JP H0681146 U JPH0681146 U JP H0681146U JP 2646493 U JP2646493 U JP 2646493U JP 2646493 U JP2646493 U JP 2646493U JP H0681146 U JPH0681146 U JP H0681146U
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
frequency
sample
modulation
integrator
output
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2646493U
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
吾朗 吉田
Original Assignee
日本無線株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 日本無線株式会社 filed Critical 日本無線株式会社
Priority to JP2646493U priority Critical patent/JPH0681146U/en
Publication of JPH0681146U publication Critical patent/JPH0681146U/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】 【目的】 変調周期内の周波数変調特性に影響を与える
ことなく、温度ドリフトを補償する。 【構成】 電圧制御発振器2の出力信号の一部を取り出
す方向性結合器3と、基準周波数からの誤差を検出する
周波数ディスクリミネータ4と、周波数ディスクリミネ
ータ4の出力を積分する積分器5と、積分器5からの出
力と変調信号とを重畳する加算器1とを具備したFM−
CWレーダ送信機の自動周波数制御回路において、積分
器5と加算器1との間にサンプルホールド回路6を具備
し、周波数変調の休止時間だけサンプルホールド回路6
をサンプル状態とし、周波数を基準の周波数に引き込み
周波数変調を行う際はサンプルホールド回路6をホール
ド状態とする構成。
(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To compensate for temperature drift without affecting the frequency modulation characteristics within the modulation period. A directional coupler 3 for extracting a part of an output signal of a voltage controlled oscillator 2, a frequency discriminator 4 for detecting an error from a reference frequency, and an integrator 5 for integrating an output of the frequency discriminator 4. And an adder 1 for superimposing the output from the integrator 5 and the modulated signal on the FM-
In the automatic frequency control circuit of the CW radar transmitter, a sample hold circuit 6 is provided between the integrator 5 and the adder 1, and the sample hold circuit 6 is provided only during the frequency modulation pause time.
Is set to the sample state, and the sample-hold circuit 6 is set to the hold state when the frequency is pulled to the reference frequency and frequency modulation is performed.

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the device]

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】[Industrial applications]

本考案は、電圧制御発振器(VCO)を有するFM−CWレーダ送信機に関し 、特にマイクロ波帯及びミリ波帯において広帯域な周波数変調を行う電圧制御発 振器の温度ドリフトを補償するFM−CWレーダ送信機の自動周波数制御回路に 関する。 The present invention relates to an FM-CW radar transmitter having a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), and in particular, an FM-CW radar for compensating for temperature drift of a voltage controlled oscillator that performs wideband frequency modulation in the microwave band and millimeter wave band. It relates to the automatic frequency control circuit of the transmitter.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】[Prior art]

従来、FM−CWレーダ送信機には周波数を直線的に変調する電圧制御発振器 (以下VCOと略称する)が用いられている。一般に、VCOにおいて広帯域な 周波数変調を実現するには回路のQ値を下げる必要がある。しかし、発振器のQ 値が低下すると、周囲温度により変化するガンダイオードやFET等の発振素子 の接合容量等の影響を大きく受けるために、発振周波数が変動し、発振周波数の 温度ドリフトが大きくなるという問題があった。 Conventionally, a voltage-controlled oscillator (hereinafter abbreviated as VCO) that linearly modulates a frequency is used in an FM-CW radar transmitter. Generally, in order to realize wideband frequency modulation in a VCO, it is necessary to lower the Q value of the circuit. However, when the Q value of the oscillator decreases, the oscillation frequency fluctuates and the temperature drift of the oscillation frequency increases because it is greatly affected by the junction capacitance of the oscillation element such as Gunn diode or FET that changes with the ambient temperature. There was a problem.

【0003】 この温度ドリフトを補償する手段の一つとして、図2に示す自動周波数制御( 以下AFCと略称する)回路が知られている。図2において、変調信号は加算器 1を介してVCO2に入力され、さらに入力した信号の一部を取り出す方向性結 合器3を経てRF信号を得る。As one of means for compensating for this temperature drift, an automatic frequency control (hereinafter abbreviated as AFC) circuit shown in FIG. 2 is known. In FIG. 2, the modulated signal is input to the VCO 2 via the adder 1, and the RF signal is obtained via the directional coupler 3 that extracts a part of the input signal.

【0004】 またVCO2の出力の一部は、方向性結合器3により周波数ディスクリミネー タ4に入力される。基準周波数からのずれ(誤差)を検出する周波数ディスクリ ミネータ4の出力は積分器5で積分された後、加算器1に入力される。A part of the output of the VCO 2 is input to the frequency discriminator 4 by the directional coupler 3. The output of the frequency discriminator 4 for detecting a deviation (error) from the reference frequency is integrated by the integrator 5 and then input to the adder 1.

【0005】 このように、VCO2出力の一部を周波数ディスクリミネータ4に通し、基準 の周波数からの誤差電圧を検出し、変調周波数の周期に対して十分長い時定数に よってVCO2にフィードバックすることにより、発振周波数の温度ドリフトを 補償することを実現していた。Thus, a part of the VCO2 output is passed through the frequency discriminator 4, the error voltage from the reference frequency is detected, and it is fed back to the VCO 2 with a time constant that is sufficiently long with respect to the period of the modulation frequency. This has made it possible to compensate for the temperature drift of the oscillation frequency.

【0006】[0006]

【考案が解決しようとする課題】[Problems to be solved by the device]

しかし、電波高度計等に用いられるサーボスロープ方式のFM−CWレーダに おいては、測定距離が大きい場合には図3(a)に示すように比較的大きな鋸歯 状の周波数掃引波形を持ち、測定距離が小さい場合には図3(b)に示すように 変調周期が小さくなる、という測定距離によりその変調周期が大きく変化する場 合がある。 However, in a servo slope type FM-CW radar used for radio altimeters, etc., when the measurement distance is large, it has a relatively large sawtooth frequency sweep waveform as shown in FIG. When the distance is small, the modulation cycle may become large as shown in FIG. 3 (b), and the modulation cycle may change greatly depending on the measurement distance.

【0007】 従ってこのようなFM−CWレーダの送信機に図2に示すAFC回路を用いた 場合には、変調周期によって平均周波数が変動するため、変調の下限周波数と上 限周波数が変調周期によって異なってしまうという問題があった。Therefore, when the AFC circuit shown in FIG. 2 is used for the transmitter of such an FM-CW radar, the average frequency fluctuates according to the modulation cycle, and therefore the lower limit frequency and the upper limit frequency of the modulation depend on the modulation cycle. There was the problem of being different.

【0008】 また、変調周期が長い場合には、AFC動作によって周波数変調特性が劣化す る虞れがあり、これを避けるために非常に大きな時定数でフィードバックを掛け ると、例えば装置の電源投入時直後のような短時間での急激な温度変化に対して 、温度ドリフトが生じるという問題があった。If the modulation cycle is long, the frequency modulation characteristic may be deteriorated by the AFC operation. To avoid this, if feedback is applied with a very large time constant, for example, the power of the device is turned on. There has been a problem that a temperature drift occurs in response to a rapid temperature change in a short time such as immediately after the time.

【0009】 本考案は、上記の課題に鑑み、変調周期内の周波数変調特性に影響を与えるこ となく、温度ドリフトを補償できるFM−CWレーダ送信機の自動周波数制御回 路を提供する。In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an automatic frequency control circuit of an FM-CW radar transmitter capable of compensating for temperature drift without affecting the frequency modulation characteristic within the modulation period.

【0010】[0010]

【課題を解決するための手段】[Means for Solving the Problems]

本考案は上記目的を達成するために、電圧制御発振器の出力信号の一部を取り 出す方向性結合器と、基準周波数からの誤差を検出する周波数ディスクリミネー タと、周波数ディスクリミネータの出力を積分する積分器と、積分器からの出力 と変調信号とを重畳する加算器とを具備したFM−CWレーダ送信機の自動周波 数制御回路において、 積分器と加算器との間にサンプルホールド回路を具備し、周波数変調の休止時 間だけサンプルホールド回路をサンプル状態とし、周波数を基準の周波数に引き 込み周波数変調を行う際はサンプルホールド回路をホールド状態とする構成を特 徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a directional coupler for extracting a part of an output signal of a voltage controlled oscillator, a frequency discriminator for detecting an error from a reference frequency, and an output of the frequency discriminator. In an automatic frequency control circuit of an FM-CW radar transmitter equipped with an integrator that integrates the signal and an adder that superimposes an output from the integrator and a modulation signal, a sample hold is provided between the integrator and the adder. It is equipped with a circuit, and the sample-hold circuit is in the sample state only during the frequency modulation rest time, and the sample-hold circuit is in the hold state when performing frequency modulation by pulling the frequency to the reference frequency.

【0011】[0011]

【実施例】【Example】

以下、本考案の一実施例につき図面を参照して詳細に説明する。図1は実施例 のFM−CWレーダ送信機の自動周波数制御回路の構成を示している。図1にお いて図2の回路構成と相違するのは、基準周波数からの誤差電圧を積分器5を通 しVCO2にフィードバックするループの間に、すなわち積分器5と加算器1と の間にサンプルホールド回路6を設けたことである。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the automatic frequency control circuit of the FM-CW radar transmitter of the embodiment. 1 differs from the circuit configuration of FIG. 2 in that the error voltage from the reference frequency is fed back to the VCO 2 through the integrator 5, that is, between the integrator 5 and the adder 1. The sample hold circuit 6 is provided.

【0012】 次に上記構成における動作を説明する。VCO2出力の一部は周波数ディスク リミネータ4に入力され、基準の周波数からの誤差電圧を検出した後、積分器5 を通してサンプルホールド回路6に入力される。サンプルホールド回路6では、 サンプルホールド回路6に入力される制御信号によって周波数変調の休止時間に のみサンプルホールド回路6をサンプル状態とし、その出力を加算器1を介して VCO2にフィードバックする。周波数を基準の周波数に引き込み周波数変調を 行う際にはサンプルホールド回路6をホールド状態とし、積分器5出力の誤差電 圧に変調信号を加えて周波数変調を行う。Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. A part of the VCO2 output is input to the frequency discriminator 4, detects the error voltage from the reference frequency, and then is input to the sample hold circuit 6 through the integrator 5. In the sample-hold circuit 6, the sample-hold circuit 6 is brought into a sampled state only during the frequency modulation pause time by the control signal inputted to the sample-hold circuit 6, and its output is fed back to the VCO 2 via the adder 1. When the frequency is pulled to the reference frequency and frequency modulation is performed, the sample hold circuit 6 is placed in a hold state, and the modulation signal is added to the error voltage output from the integrator 5 to perform frequency modulation.

【0013】 このように、鋸歯状の周波数変調を行う時間の直前に、制御信号によってサン プルホールド回路6をホールド状態にすることにより、周波数変調特性に影響を 与えることなく、サンプルホールド回路6の出力電圧を変調信号に加算すること ができるため、所望の周波数帯域内での変調が可能となる。As described above, the sample-hold circuit 6 is held by the control signal immediately before the time when the sawtooth frequency modulation is performed, so that the sample-hold circuit 6 can be operated without affecting the frequency modulation characteristic. Since the output voltage can be added to the modulation signal, modulation within a desired frequency band becomes possible.

【0014】[0014]

【考案の効果】[Effect of device]

以上の説明から理解されるように、本考案のFM−CWレーダ送信機の自動周 波数制御回路では、周波数変調の休止時間においてAFC動作を行うことで、変 調周期内の周波数変調特性に影響を与えることなく、温度ドリフトを補償できる という効果を有する。 As can be understood from the above description, in the automatic frequency control circuit of the FM-CW radar transmitter of the present invention, the AFC operation is performed during the frequency modulation pause time, thereby affecting the frequency modulation characteristic within the modulation period. This has the effect of compensating for temperature drift without giving

【0015】 また、変調周期内においては、電源投入時でも温度変動は十分小さいと見なせ るため、周波数変調特性を劣化させることはないという効果を有する。Further, within the modulation period, temperature fluctuation can be considered to be sufficiently small even when the power is turned on, so that there is an effect that the frequency modulation characteristic is not deteriorated.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本考案の一実施例を示すブロック回路図であ
る。
FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】従来例のブロック回路図である。FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram of a conventional example.

【図3】回路動作を説明するための周波数掃引波形図で
ある。
FIG. 3 is a frequency sweep waveform diagram for explaining a circuit operation.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 加算器 2 電圧制御発振器(VCO) 3 方向性結合器 4 周波数ディスクリミネータ 5 積分器 6 サンプルホールド回路 1 adder 2 voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) 3 directional coupler 4 frequency discriminator 5 integrator 6 sample and hold circuit

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 【請求項1】 電圧制御発振器の出力信号の一部を取り
出す方向性結合器と、基準周波数からの誤差を検出する
周波数ディスクリミネータと、該周波数ディスクリミネ
ータの出力を積分する積分器と、該積分器からの出力と
変調信号とを重畳する加算器とを具備したFM−CWレ
ーダ送信機の自動周波数制御回路において、 前記積分器と前記加算器との間にサンプルホールド回路
を具備し、周波数変調の休止時間だけ前記サンプルホー
ルド回路をサンプル状態とし、周波数を基準の周波数に
引き込み周波数変調を行う際は前記サンプルホールド回
路をホールド状態とすることを特徴とするFM−CWレ
ーダ送信機の自動周波数制御回路。
1. A directional coupler for extracting a part of an output signal of a voltage controlled oscillator, a frequency discriminator for detecting an error from a reference frequency, and an integrator for integrating an output of the frequency discriminator. In an automatic frequency control circuit of an FM-CW radar transmitter including an adder that superimposes an output from the integrator and a modulation signal, a sample hold circuit is provided between the integrator and the adder, An automatic FM-CW radar transmitter characterized in that the sample-hold circuit is put in a sample state only during a pause time of frequency modulation, and the sample-hold circuit is put in a hold state when frequency modulation is performed by pulling a frequency to a reference frequency. Frequency control circuit.
JP2646493U 1993-04-21 1993-04-21 Automatic frequency control circuit for FM-CW radar transmitter Pending JPH0681146U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2646493U JPH0681146U (en) 1993-04-21 1993-04-21 Automatic frequency control circuit for FM-CW radar transmitter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2646493U JPH0681146U (en) 1993-04-21 1993-04-21 Automatic frequency control circuit for FM-CW radar transmitter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0681146U true JPH0681146U (en) 1994-11-15

Family

ID=12194245

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2646493U Pending JPH0681146U (en) 1993-04-21 1993-04-21 Automatic frequency control circuit for FM-CW radar transmitter

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0681146U (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013519252A (en) * 2010-01-21 2013-05-23 日本テキサス・インスツルメンツ株式会社 Method and apparatus for frequency modulation control of an oscillator
JP2015083931A (en) * 2013-10-25 2015-04-30 日本無線株式会社 Frequency modulation radar device
JP2019194627A (en) * 2019-08-05 2019-11-07 日本無線株式会社 Radar signal processor and radar device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013519252A (en) * 2010-01-21 2013-05-23 日本テキサス・インスツルメンツ株式会社 Method and apparatus for frequency modulation control of an oscillator
JP2015083931A (en) * 2013-10-25 2015-04-30 日本無線株式会社 Frequency modulation radar device
JP2019194627A (en) * 2019-08-05 2019-11-07 日本無線株式会社 Radar signal processor and radar device

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