JPH0671375A - Forging anvil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an anvil which can be used for both square material and round material and by whose changing time the loss to the productivity of the device can be minimized. CONSTITUTION:Each 46 of a set of facing forging anvils to draw down and cog the outer periphery of a material to be rolled at the same time from four directions provides a 1st rectangular anvil surface 461 which extends to the direction (X1-X2) of the material to be forged and is smaller in width than the anvil width and a 2nd rectangular anvil surface 462 which continues to this 1st anvil surface, is on the same surface as the 1st anvil surface, extends in the direction of the anvil width and is larger in width than the 1st anvil surface. Each 48 of other facing sets of anvils extend in the axial direction, is placed at a position facing the 1st anvil surface and provides a 3rd anvil surface 481 having the same shape and a 4th anvil surface 482 which continues to this 3rd anvil surface and is placed at a position facing the 2nd anvil surface on the same plane with the 3rd anvil surface, is narrower in width than the 3rd anvil surface and rectangular.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、四面高速鍛造装置に使
用する鍛造用金敷に関し、特に、角材および丸材のいず
れの被鍛造材に対しても適用可能な金敷に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an anvil for forging used in a four-sided high-speed forging device, and more particularly to an anvil that can be applied to both square and round materials to be forged.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】マニピュレータに把持された被鍛造材の
外周をその軸方向に対し直交する４方向から同時に圧下
して鍛伸させる四面鍛造装置は公知である。図１および
図２は、このような鍛造装置の概略構成を示し、図示し
ない加熱炉で所要の温度に加熱された被鍛造材１０は、
鍛造装置１の前部マニピュレータ装置３および後部マニ
ピュレータ装置５に交互に把持され、片持ち状態で鍛造
機４に送り込まれる。鍛造機４は、被鍛造材１０の外周
均等位置、すなわち、９０°間隔で配置された４つの金
敷４０を備え、これらの金敷４０は被鍛造材１０の軸方
向に対して直角方向に同時に移動し、被鍛造材１０を圧
下する。そして、金敷４０による一回の鍛伸毎にマニュ
ピレータ装置３又は４を鍛造機４側に前進させ、被鍛造
材１０を所定距離だけ軸方向に移動させると共に、所定
の方向に所定角度θだけ回転させた後、再び金敷４０に
よる圧下が繰り返される。このようにして、被鍛造材１
０は鍛造機４に所定回数パスすることによって所望の外
径に鍛伸される。2. Description of the Related Art A four-sided forging device is known in which the outer circumference of a material to be forged, which is held by a manipulator, is simultaneously pressed and stretched from four directions orthogonal to its axial direction. 1 and 2 show a schematic configuration of such a forging device, in which a forging material 10 heated to a required temperature in a heating furnace (not shown) is
The front manipulator device 3 and the rear manipulator device 5 of the forging device 1 are alternately gripped and fed to the forging machine 4 in a cantilever state. The forging machine 4 includes four anvils 40 arranged at the outer peripheral even position of the forging material 10, that is, at 90 ° intervals, and these anvils 40 simultaneously move in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the forging material 10. Then, the forged material 10 is rolled down. Then, each time the forging is performed by the anvil 40, the manipulator device 3 or 4 is advanced to the forging machine 4 side to move the to-be-forged material 10 in the axial direction by a predetermined distance, and at the same time, rotate by a predetermined angle θ in the predetermined direction. After this, the reduction by the anvil 40 is repeated again. In this way, the material 1 to be forged
No. 0 is passed through the forging machine 4 a predetermined number of times to be forged to a desired outer diameter.

【０００３】図２は、上述の丸材を鍛伸させるための金
敷４０の詳細を示し、ラウンド金敷と呼ばれる。ラウン
ド金敷を使用する場合には、被鍛造材１０の外周に配置
される４個の金敷は同じ形状のものが使用される。図３
は、被鍛造材１０の軸方向に対して直交する断面で見
た、４個の金敷４０と被鍛造材１０の関係を示す。各金
敷は、４個の金敷の金敷面４０ａが略正方形を作る位置
まで移動可能に形成されており、金敷面４０ａが略正方
形を作る位置まで移動したときの、対向する金敷面４０
ａの離間距離が、被鍛造材１０の、鍛伸することができ
る最小径を規定することになる。図３に示す被鍛造材よ
り小径に鍛伸する場合には、サイズの小さい金敷が必要
である。FIG. 2 shows details of an anvil 40 for forging the above-mentioned round material, which is called a round anvil. When using a round anvil, the four anvils arranged on the outer periphery of the material 10 to be forged have the same shape. Figure 3
Shows the relationship between the four anvils 40 and the forged material 10 as seen in a cross section orthogonal to the axial direction of the forged material 10. Each anvil is formed so that the anvil surfaces 40a of the four anvils can move to a position where a square is formed, and when the anvil surface 40a moves to a position where an annealed square is formed, the opposing anvil surfaces 40a.
The separation distance of a defines the minimum diameter of the forged material 10 that can be forged. When forging to a smaller diameter than the forged material shown in FIG. 3, an anvil with a small size is required.

【０００４】一方、所望の製品材料特性を得るには被鍛
造材に応じた最適圧下量が設定されている。この最適圧
下量に従って金敷面の面積が小さい金敷を使用して大き
な圧下量を得ようとすると、被鍛造材に金敷が食い込
み、好ましい結果が得られない。従って、金敷面の小さ
い金敷で径の大きい被鍛造材を鍛伸することができない
場合が生じことになる。そこで、従来、大きさの異なる
丸材を鍛造する場合、被鍛造材の大きさに応じた金敷面
を備える金敷が選定され、大きさの異なる丸材の鍛伸が
終わる毎に、被鍛造材の大きさに応じた金敷に取り替え
られていた。On the other hand, in order to obtain desired product material characteristics, the optimum reduction amount is set according to the material to be forged. If an attempt is made to obtain a large amount of reduction by using an anvil with a small anvil surface area according to this optimum amount of anvil, the anvil will bite into the material to be forged, and the desired result cannot be obtained. Therefore, there arises a case in which a forging material having a large diameter cannot be forged with an anvil having a small anvil surface. Therefore, conventionally, when forging round materials of different sizes, an anvil that has an anvil surface corresponding to the size of the material to be forged is selected, and the size of the material to be forged is changed every time the forging of the circular materials of different sizes ends. It was replaced by an anvil according to the size.

【０００５】図４は、平角材や角材を鍛伸する場合に好
適な金敷４２，４４を示し、ユニバーサル金敷と呼ばれ
る。平角材を鍛伸する場合、これらの金敷４２，４４を
２個宛合計４個の金敷が使用される。対向する一の組
（上下の組）の各金敷４２は、金敷４２の幅方向に延
び、金敷と同じ幅の金敷面４２ａを有している。一方、
対向する他の組（左右の組）の各金敷４４は、被鍛造材
の軸方向に延び、金敷４２の金敷面４２ａより幅狭の金
敷面４４ａを備えている。これらの金敷４２，４４は、
上下の組の金敷面４２ａ，４２ａで左右の組の金敷面４
４ａ，４４ａを挟み込むようにして、金敷４２はその金
敷面４２ａが他方の金敷４４に当接する位置まで移動可
能な形状に、金敷４４も、金敷４２の中心に向かってそ
の金敷面４４ａの高さ分だけ入り込んむ位置まで移動可
能な形状に形成されている。FIG. 4 shows anvils 42, 44 suitable for forging a flat square bar or a square bar, which is called a universal anvil. When forging a flat square bar, a total of four anvils for two anvils 42 and 44 are used. Each of the anvils 42 of one set (upper and lower sets) facing each other extends in the width direction of the anvil 42 and has an anvil surface 42a having the same width as the anvil. on the other hand,
Each of the anvils 44 of the other pair (left and right groups) facing each other has an anvil surface 44a extending in the axial direction of the material to be forged and narrower than the anvil surface 42a of the anvil 42. These anvils 42 and 44 are
The upper and lower sets of anvil surface 42a, 42a of the left and right sets of anvil surface 4
The anvil 42 has a shape such that the anvil surface 42a can move to a position where the anvil surface 42a abuts the other anvil 44 by sandwiching the anvils 4a and 44a, and the anvil 44 also has a height of the anvil surface 44a toward the center of the anvil 42. It is formed in a shape that allows it to move to a position where it can fit in as much as possible.

【０００６】図５は、被鍛造材１０Ｂの軸方向に対して
直交する断面で見た、金敷４２，４４と被鍛造材１０Ｂ
の関係を示す。これらの金敷４２，４４により平角材１
０Ｂを鍛伸する場合には、上下の組の金敷４２により被
鍛造材１０Ｂを上下に圧下する一方、左右の金敷４４
は、横方向の変形を抑えるガイドの役割を有している。
このユニバーサル金敷においても、従来、被鍛造材の形
状に合わせ、必要な数の金敷が準備されていた。FIG. 5 shows the anvils 42, 44 and the forged material 10B viewed in a cross section orthogonal to the axial direction of the forged material 10B.
Shows the relationship. These anvils 42, 44 are used for the flat timber 1
When forging 0B, the forging material 10B is vertically pressed by the upper and lower sets of anvils 42, while the left and right anvils 44 are pressed.
Has a role of a guide that suppresses lateral deformation.
In this universal anvil as well, conventionally, a required number of anvils have been prepared according to the shape of the material to be forged.

【０００７】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】このように、従来の四
面鍛造装置には、丸材専用の金敷と、角材ないしは平角
材専用の金敷とが準備されており、さらに製品形状に合
わせて最適な大きさの金敷面を有する金敷が準備されお
り、製品に応じて必要な金敷がその都度鍛造機に取付け
られるようになっていた。As described above, the conventional four-sided forging apparatus is provided with an anvil for exclusive use of round material and an anvil for exclusive use of square or flat square, and further, an optimum size according to the shape of the product. An anvil with an anvil surface was prepared, and the anvil required depending on the product was attached to the forging machine each time.

【０００８】金敷の交換は、鍛造加工が熱間で行われる
ために交換する金敷の冷却を待つ必要があり、また、重
量のある金敷を短時間に交換することは容易なことでは
ない。このため、従来の四面鍛造装置では、金敷の交換
時間が鍛造装置の生産性を悪化させるという問題があっ
た。本発明はこのような問題を解決するためになされた
もので、角材および丸材の何れにも使用でき、しかも製
品の大きさが多少異なっても、大径のものから小径のも
のまで幅広い範囲の被鍛造材に適用でき、従って、金敷
の交換時間ロスを最小限に短縮することができるように
図った鍛造用金敷を提供することを目的とする。Since the forging process is performed hot, it is necessary to wait for the anvil to be exchanged to be cooled, and it is not easy to replace a heavy anvil in a short time. For this reason, the conventional four-sided forging device has a problem that the replacement time of the anvil deteriorates the productivity of the forging device. The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and can be used for both square and round materials, and even if the size of the product is slightly different, it can be used in a wide range from large diameter to small diameter. It is an object of the present invention to provide a forging anvil that can be applied to a material to be forged, and thus can minimize the replacement time loss of the anvil.

【０００９】[0009]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記した目的を達成する
ために、本発明においては、長尺の被鍛造材の外周を、
その軸方向に対して直交する４方向から同時に圧下して
鍛伸させる鍛造用金敷において、対向する一の組の各金
敷は、前記軸方向に延び、幅が金敷幅より小である矩形
の第１の金敷面と、この第１の金敷面に連続し、且つ、
第１の金敷面と同一平面上にあり、金敷幅方向に延び、
前記第１の金敷面より幅広、且つ、矩形の第２の金敷面
とを備え、対向する他の組の各金敷は、前記軸方向に延
び、前記第１の金敷面に対応する位置にあり、且つ、同
じ形状を有する第３の金敷面と、この第３の金敷面に連
続し、且つ、第３の金敷面と同一平面上の前記第２の金
敷面に対応する位置にあり、前記第３の金敷面より幅
狭、且つ、矩形の第４の金敷面とを備え、これらの金敷
は、前記一の組の金敷の第１の金敷面と前記他の組の金
敷の第３の金敷面により被鍛造材を鍛伸するとき、第１
の金敷面および第３の金敷面により、前記軸方向に対し
て直交する断面で見て正方形を形成する位置まで被鍛造
材を圧下可能に形成されると共に、前記一の組の金敷の
第２の金敷面と前記他の組の金敷の第４の金敷面により
被鍛造材を鍛伸するとき、対向する第４の金敷面が、対
向する第２の金敷面に挟まれた状態で圧下方向に移動可
能に形成されることを特徴とする鍛造用金敷が提供され
る。In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, the outer circumference of a long forging material is
In a forging anvil for simultaneously pressing and forging from four directions orthogonal to the axial direction, each pair of opposing anvils extends in the axial direction and has a rectangular shape with a width smaller than the anvil width. 1 Anvil surface and this first Anvil surface, and
Is on the same plane as the first anvil surface and extends in the anvil width direction,
A second anvil surface that is wider than the first anvil surface and has a rectangular shape, and each of the other anvils of the other pair that extend in the axial direction is located at a position corresponding to the first anvil surface. And a third anvil surface having the same shape and a position continuous with the third anvil surface and corresponding to the second anvil surface on the same plane as the third anvil surface, A fourth anvil surface, which is narrower than the third anvil surface and is rectangular, is provided. These anvils include a first anvil surface of the anvil of the one set and a third anvil surface of the anvil of the other set. When forging a forged material with an anvil surface,
The anvil surface and the third anvil surface allow the forging material to be rolled down to a position where a square is formed in a cross section orthogonal to the axial direction, and the second anvil of the anvil of the one set is formed. When the forging material is forged by the anvil surface of No. 4 and the anvil surface of the other set of anvils, the pressing direction is such that the opposing fourth anvil surface is sandwiched between the opposing second anvil surfaces. There is provided an anvil for forging, which is characterized in that it is formed so as to be movable.

【００１０】好ましくは、前記第１および第３の金敷面
は、前記軸方向に伸びるその中心線が、被鍛造材を回転
させながら鍛伸させる場合の回転方向に対して被鍛造材
入り側に、被鍛造材の軸線に対して偏倚して形成され
る。Preferably, the center lines of the first and third anvil surfaces, which extend in the axial direction, are on the forged material entering side with respect to the rotation direction when the forged material is forged while rotating. , Is formed so as to be offset from the axis of the material to be forged.

【００１１】[0011]

【作用】対向する一の組の金敷の第１の金敷面および他
の組の金敷の第３の金敷面が同一形状および同じ軸方向
位置にあり、これらの金敷面は丸材の被鍛造材に好適に
使用される。このとき、第１および第３の金敷面は、比
較的小径の被鍛造材に適合するように形成させることが
できる。比較的大径の被鍛造材の鍛伸時には、第１およ
び第３の金敷面で不足する圧下量に対しては、第１の金
敷面に連続し、第１の金敷面より幅広に形成されている
第２の金敷面がこれを補い、圧下量の不足を防止する。
また、好ましくは第１および第３の金敷面を、被鍛造材
回転方向に対して被鍛造材入り側に、すなわち、金敷の
鍛造材食い込みが生じる側に被鍛造材の軸線に対して偏
倚して形成することにより、比較的小径の被鍛造材から
比較的大径の被鍛造材までの適用を可能にする。The first anvil surface of one set of anvils facing each other and the third anvil surface of the anvils of the other set have the same shape and the same axial position, and these anvil surfaces are used as a round material to be forged. It is preferably used. At this time, the first and third anvil surfaces can be formed so as to fit a material to be forged having a relatively small diameter. At the time of forging of a material having a relatively large diameter, for the amount of reduction which is insufficient on the first and third anvil surfaces, it is formed continuously with the first anvil surface and wider than the first anvil surface. The second anvil surface, which is provided, compensates for this and prevents the reduction amount from being insufficient.
Also, preferably, the first and third anvil surfaces are biased with respect to the forging material axis toward the forging material entering side in the forging material rotating direction, that is, the forging material biting side of the anvil. By forming the forged material with a relatively small diameter, it is possible to apply a material having a relatively small diameter to a material having a relatively large diameter.

【００１２】一方、第２の金敷面と第４の金敷面によ
り、角材ないしは平角材の鍛伸を可能にする。On the other hand, the second anvil surface and the fourth anvil surface enable forging of a square or flat bar.

【００１３】[0013]

【実施例】以下に、本発明の一実施例を添付図面に基づ
いて説明する。図６は、本発明に係る金敷の斜視図であ
り、鍛造機４に取付けられた際に対向する一の組、およ
び他の組のそれぞれの一方の金敷４６，４８を示し、図
７は金敷４６の上面図、図８は金敷４６の側面図であ
る。また、図９は金敷４８の上面図、図１０は金敷４８
の側面図である。これらの金敷４６，４８を２個宛合計
４個を、互いに協働させ被鍛造材を４面から圧下して鍛
伸が行なわれる。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an anvil according to the present invention, showing one set of anvils 46 and 48 which are opposed to each other when attached to the forging machine 4 and another set, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a top view of 46, and FIG. 8 is a side view of the anvil 46. 9 is a top view of the anvil 48, and FIG. 10 is an anvil 48.
FIG. A total of four of these anvils 46, 48 for two are cooperated with each other and the forged material is pressed down from four sides to perform forging.

【００１４】先ず、鍛造機に対向して取付けられる一の
組の金敷４６について説明すると、金敷４６は、被鍛造
材に対向して略中央位置に第１の金敷面４６１とそれに
連続し、金敷面４６１と同一平面上にある第２の金敷面
４６２とを備え、第１および第２の金敷面４６１，４６
２を高台とする、断面略台形形状をなしている。第１の
金敷面４６１は、被鍛造材の軸方向、すなわち図６にお
いて、矢印Ｘ１−Ｘ２方向（Ｘ１方向は前部マニュピレ
ータ装置３側を示し、Ｘ２方向は後部マニュピレータ装
置５側を示す）に延び、幅Ｈ（図７参照）が金敷幅ＨＤ
より小で、略矩形形状をなしている。第２の金敷面４６
２は、第１の金敷面４６１の後部マニュピレータ装置５
側端（これを後端という）に連続し、且つ、この第１の
金敷面４６１と同一平面にあり、金敷幅方向に延び、金
敷４６と同じ幅、すなわち、第１の金敷面４６１より幅
広の矩形形状に形成されている。第１および第２の各金
敷面のＸ１−Ｘ２方向の長さ、前述の幅Ｈ等は、対象と
する被鍛造材の形状に応じて設定され、第１の金敷面４
６１の長さは、第２の金敷面４６２のそれの３倍程度が
好ましい。First, an explanation will be given of a set of anvils 46 which are mounted facing the forging machine. The anvils 46 face the forging material and are continuous with the first anvil surface 461 at a substantially central position. Surface 461 and second anvil surface 462 on the same plane, and first and second anvil surfaces 461, 46
It has a trapezoidal cross-section with 2 as the hill. The first anvil surface 461 is in the axial direction of the material to be forged, that is, in the arrow X1-X2 direction in FIG. 6 (the X1 direction indicates the front manipulator device 3 side, and the X2 direction indicates the rear manipulator device 5 side). Anvil width HD (see Fig. 7)
It is smaller and has a substantially rectangular shape. Second anvil surface 46
2 is a rear manipulator device 5 of the first anvil surface 461.
It is continuous with the side edge (this is called the rear end), is on the same plane as the first anvil surface 461, extends in the anvil width direction, and has the same width as the anvil 46, that is, wider than the first anvil surface 461. Is formed in a rectangular shape. The lengths of the first and second anvil surfaces in the X1-X2 direction, the width H, and the like are set according to the shape of the target forging material, and the first anvil surface 4
The length of 61 is preferably about 3 times that of the second anvil surface 462.

【００１５】金敷面４６１の前部マニュピレータ装置３
側端（以下、これを前端という）４６１ａから金敷前端
４６ａに向かって所定のアプローチ角（例えば、１０
°）で傾斜する傾斜面４６３と、金敷面４６２の後端４
６２ａから金敷後端４６ｂに向かって所定のアプローチ
角（例えば、１０°）で傾斜する傾斜面４６４が形成さ
れている。Front manipulator device 3 of anvil surface 461
A predetermined approach angle (for example, 10) from the side edge (hereinafter, referred to as a front edge) 461a toward the anvil front edge 46a.
Inclined surface 463 that tilts at an angle of 4 °) and the rear end 4 of the anvil surface 462.
An inclined surface 464 that inclines at a predetermined approach angle (for example, 10 °) from 62a toward the anvil rear end 46b is formed.

【００１６】また、金敷面４６１および前述の傾斜面４
６３の一側端（この側端は、後述するように被鍛造材１
０Ｃの入り側端と呼ばれる）４６１ｂ，４６３ａから金
敷側端４６ｃに向かって、所定の角度（４５°）で傾斜
する傾斜面４６５が形成されている。この傾斜面４６５
は、後述する金敷４８の傾斜面４８６と対向して、これ
と略当接可能に形成されている。The anvil surface 461 and the above-mentioned inclined surface 4
63 one side end (this side end is forged material 1 as described later)
An inclined surface 465 that is inclined at a predetermined angle (45 °) from 461b and 463a (referred to as 0C entry side ends) toward the anvil side end 46c is formed. This inclined surface 465
Is formed so as to face an inclined surface 486 of the anvil 48, which will be described later, and to be able to substantially come into contact therewith.

【００１７】一方、金敷面４６１および傾斜面４６３の
他側端４６１ｃ，４６３ｂは、所定の高さｈ（＝Ｈ２−
Ｈ１）の垂直壁４６１ｄ，４６３ｃが形成され、その下
端から所定角度（４５°）で傾斜する傾斜面４６６が金
敷４６の側端４６ｄに向かって形成されている。この傾
斜面４６６は、後述する金敷４８の傾斜面４８５と対向
して、これと略当接可能に形成されている。上述の垂直
壁４６１ｄ，４６３ｃには僅かな抜け勾配が設けられて
いる。第２の金敷面４６２の前端４６２ｂからは、僅か
な抜け勾配を有する垂直壁４６２ｃ，４６２ｄがそれぞ
れ傾斜面４６５，４６６に垂下している。On the other hand, the other side ends 461c and 463b of the anvil surface 461 and the inclined surface 463 have a predetermined height h (= H2-
H1) vertical walls 461d and 463c are formed, and an inclined surface 466 inclined from the lower end thereof at a predetermined angle (45 °) is formed toward the side end 46d of the anvil 46. The inclined surface 466 is formed so as to face an inclined surface 485 of the anvil 48, which will be described later, and to be able to substantially contact with the inclined surface 485. The vertical walls 461d and 463c described above are provided with a slight draft. From the front end 462b of the second anvil surface 462, vertical walls 462c and 462d having a slight draft are respectively suspended from the inclined surfaces 465 and 466.

【００１８】金敷４６の両側端４６ｃ，４６ｄの略中央
位置近傍の金敷側壁には、鍛造機４への取付けのための
フランジ４６ｅ，４６ｆが水平外方に向かって突設され
ている。金敷４６の中心線Ｃ１（図７）は、マニュピレ
ータ装置３，４に把持された被鍛造材１０Ｃの軸線に一
致し、第１の金敷面４６１は、この中心線Ｃ１に対し
て、上述の第１の金敷面４６１の中心線が、被鍛造材１
０Ｃの回転方向に関して入り側（被鍛造材の次ぎに圧下
される部分が位置する側を「入り側」と呼び、被鍛造材
の回転によって、その次ぎに圧下される部分が金敷面に
対向する位置に移動する）に（Ｈ２−Ｈ１）／２だけ偏
倚して形成されている。ここに、Ｈ１，Ｈ２は、中心線
Ｃ１から金敷面４６１の各側端４６１ｂ，４６１ｃまで
の距離である（Ｈ＝Ｈ１＋Ｈ２、Ｈ２＞Ｈ１）。Flange 46e, 46f for attaching to the forging machine 4 is provided on the side wall of the anvil 46 near the central position of both ends 46c, 46d so as to project horizontally outward. The center line C1 of the anvil 46 (FIG. 7) coincides with the axis of the forging material 10C held by the manipulator devices 3 and 4, and the first anvil surface 461 is the same as the above-mentioned first line with respect to the center line C1. The center line of the anvil surface 461 of No. 1 is the forged material 1
With respect to the rotation direction of 0C, the entry side (the side on which the part to be pressed next to the forged material is located is called the "entrance side", and the part to be pressed next faces the anvil surface due to the rotation of the forged material. (Moved to the position), it is formed with a deviation of (H2-H1) / 2. Here, H1 and H2 are distances from the center line C1 to the side ends 461b and 461c of the anvil surface 461 (H = H1 + H2, H2> H1).

【００１９】次ぎに、鍛造機に対向して取付けられる他
の組の金敷４８について説明すると、金敷４８は、被鍛
造材に対向して略中央位置に第３の金敷面４８１とそれ
に連続し、金敷面４８１と同一平面上にある第４の金敷
面４８２とを備え、第３および第４の金敷面４８１，４
８２を高台とする、断面略台形形状をなしている。第３
の金敷面４８１は、被鍛造材の軸方向、すなわち図６に
おいて、矢印Ｘ１−Ｘ２方向に延び、金敷４６，４８を
鍛造機４に取付けた状態で、被鍛造材の軸方向に関して
第１の金敷面４６１に対応する位置にあり、この金敷面
４６１と略同じ形状に形成されている。Next, a description will be given of another set of anvils 48 that are attached to face the forging machine. The anvils 48 face the material to be forged and are located substantially at the center of the third anvil face 481 and are continuous with it. An anvil surface 481 and a fourth anvil surface 482 on the same plane are provided, and the third and fourth anvil surfaces 481, 4
It has a substantially trapezoidal cross-section with 82 as a hill. Third
Of the anvil surface 481 extends in the axial direction of the material to be forged, that is, in the direction of arrow X1-X2 in FIG. 6, and with the anvils 46 and 48 attached to the forging machine 4, with respect to the axial direction of the material to be forged. It is located at a position corresponding to the anvil surface 461, and is formed in substantially the same shape as the anvil surface 461.

【００２０】一方、第４の金敷面４８２は、第３の金敷
面４８１の後端４８１ｄに連続し、且つ、この第３の金
敷面４８１と同一平面上の、金敷４６，４８を鍛造機４
に取付けた状態で、被鍛造材の軸方向に関して第２の金
敷面４６２に対応する位置にあり、第３の金敷面４８１
より幅狭（２×Ｈ１）の矩形形状に形成されている。そ
して、第４の金敷面４８２は、金敷中心線Ｃ２に関して
対象形状に形成されており、中心線Ｃ２方向の長さは、
第２の金敷面４６２のそれに等しい。On the other hand, the fourth anvil surface 482 is continuous with the rear end 481d of the third anvil surface 481 and is flush with the third anvil surface 481.
Attached to the forging material, it is located at a position corresponding to the second anvil surface 462 in the axial direction of the material to be forged, and the third anvil surface 481
It is formed in a narrower (2 × H1) rectangular shape. The fourth anvil surface 482 is formed in a symmetrical shape with respect to the anvil center line C2, and the length in the center line C2 direction is
It is equal to that of the second anvil surface 462.

【００２１】金敷面４８１の前端４８１ａから金敷前端
４８ａに向かって所定のアプローチ角で傾斜する傾斜面
４８３と、金敷面４８２の後端４８２ａから金敷後端４
８ｂに向かって所定のアプローチ角で傾斜し、後端４８
ｂに向かって平面視で所定の角度で拡開する傾斜面４８
４が形成されている。また、金敷面４８１および前述の
傾斜面４８３の一側端（後述するように被鍛造材１０Ｃ
の入り側端）４８１ｂ，４８３ａから金敷側端４８ｃに
向かって、所定の角度（４５°）で傾斜する傾斜面４８
５が形成されている。この傾斜面４８５は、前述した金
敷４６の傾斜面４６５と対向して、これと略当接可能に
形成されている。An inclined surface 483 inclined from the front end 481a of the anvil surface 481 toward the anvil front end 48a at a predetermined approach angle, and the rear end 482a of the anvil surface 482 to the anvil rear end 4
Inclining at a predetermined approach angle toward 8b, the rear end 48
An inclined surface 48 that expands at a predetermined angle in plan view toward b
4 are formed. Also, one side end of the anvil surface 481 and the above-mentioned inclined surface 483 (as described later, the material to be forged 10C
Sloped surface 48 that inclines at a predetermined angle (45 °) from the entry side end) 481b, 483a toward the anvil side end 48c.
5 is formed. The inclined surface 485 is formed so as to face the inclined surface 465 of the anvil 46 described above and to be able to substantially contact with the inclined surface 465.

【００２２】一方、金敷面４８１および傾斜面４８３の
他側端４８１ｃ，４８３ｂは、所定の高さｈ（＝Ｈ２−
Ｈ１）の垂直壁４８１ｄ，４８３ｃが形成され、その下
端から所定角度（４５°）で傾斜する傾斜面４８６が金
敷４８の側端４８ｄに向かって形成されている。この傾
斜面４８６は、前述した金敷４６の傾斜面４６５と対向
して、これと略当接可能に形成されている。上述の垂直
壁４８１ｄ，４８３ｃには僅かな抜け勾配が設けられて
いる。金敷面４８１の後端４８１ｄおよび傾斜面４８５
の後端４８５ａは、金敷幅方向に連なって側端４８ｃ側
に延びており、これらの後端４８１ｄおよび後端４８５
ａからは、僅かな抜け勾配を有する垂直壁４８７が基台
面４８８に垂下している。また、傾斜面４８６の後端４
８６ａ（後端４８５ａ，４８１ｄおよび４８６ａは軸方
向で同じ位置、すなわち、同一平面上にある）からも垂
直壁４８９が基台面４８８に垂下している。On the other hand, the other side ends 481c and 483b of the anvil surface 481 and the inclined surface 483 have a predetermined height h (= H2-
H1) vertical walls 481d and 483c are formed, and an inclined surface 486 inclined from the lower end thereof at a predetermined angle (45 °) is formed toward the side end 48d of the anvil 48. The inclined surface 486 is formed so as to face the inclined surface 465 of the anvil 46 described above and to be able to substantially contact with the inclined surface 465. The vertical walls 481d and 483c described above are provided with a slight draft. Rear end 481d and inclined surface 485 of anvil surface 481
The rear end 485a extends in the width direction of the anvil to the side end 48c side, and the rear end 481d and the rear end 485 are provided.
From a, a vertical wall 487 having a slight draft angle hangs down on the base surface 488. In addition, the rear end 4 of the inclined surface 486
Also from 86a (the rear ends 485a, 481d and 486a are at the same position in the axial direction, that is, on the same plane), the vertical wall 489 hangs from the base surface 488.

【００２３】金敷４８の両側端４８ｃ，４８ｄの略中央
位置近傍の各金敷側壁にも、鍛造機４への取付けのため
のフランジ４８ｅ，４８ｆが水平外方に向かって突設さ
れている。金敷４８の中心線Ｃ２は、金敷４８が鍛造機
４に取付けられたとき、マニュピレータ装置３，４に把
持された被鍛造材１０Ｃの軸線に一致し、第３の金敷面
４８１は、この中心線Ｃ２に対して、上述の第３の金敷
面４８１の中心線が、被鍛造材１０Ｃの回転方向に関し
て入り側に（Ｈ２−Ｈ１）／２だけ偏倚して形成されて
いる。Flange 48e, 48f for attaching to the forging machine 4 is provided to project horizontally outward also on each side wall of the anvil 48 near the substantially central position of both ends 48c, 48d. The center line C2 of the anvil 48 coincides with the axis of the forging material 10C gripped by the manipulator devices 3 and 4 when the anvil 48 is attached to the forging machine 4, and the third anvil surface 481 has the center line C2. The center line of the above-mentioned third anvil surface 481 is formed so as to be deviated by (H2-H1) / 2 with respect to C2 on the entry side with respect to the rotation direction of the forged material 10C.

【００２４】次ぎに、このような形状を有する金敷４
６，４８の作用について説明する。本発明の金敷４６，
４８を使用すると、これらの金敷で丸材および角材のい
ずれもが鍛伸可能である。先ず、丸材の被鍛造材１０Ｃ
を鍛伸させる場合から説明する。２個宛合計４個の金敷
４６，４８を鍛造機４にセットし、これらの金敷４６，
４８を最大圧下位置に移動させると、金敷４６，４８
は、互いに隣接し、対向する金敷の傾斜面が略当接する
ように嵌合し、第１および第３金敷面４６１，４８１
の、被鍛造材１０Ｃの軸線に直交する各中心線Ｓにおけ
る断面が、図１１に示すように、金敷面４６１，４６８
によって正方形に形成され、被鍛造材１０Ｃは、この最
大圧下位置まで圧下可能である。Next, an anvil 4 having such a shape
The operation of 6, 48 will be described. Anvil 46 of the present invention,
When 48 is used, both round and square pieces can be forged with these anvils. First, forged material 10C of a round material
It will be explained from the case of stretching. A total of four anvils 46, 48 addressed to two are set in the forging machine 4, and these anvils 46, 48
When 48 is moved to the maximum rolling position, anvils 46, 48
Are adjacent to each other and are fitted so that the inclined surfaces of the anvils facing each other substantially come into contact with each other, and the first and third anvil surfaces 461, 481
The cross section at each center line S orthogonal to the axis of the forged material 10C has an anvil surface 461, 468 as shown in FIG.
The material 10C to be forged can be rolled down to this maximum rolling position.

【００２５】被鍛造材１０Ｃは、金敷４６，４８によっ
て圧下される毎にマニュピレータ装置３，５によって図
１１中矢印で示す方向に所定角度だけ回転させられ、且
つ、Ｘ１−Ｘ２方向に所定距離だけ移動させられ、被鍛
造材１０Ｃを鍛造機４に数回パスさせることにより図示
する最大圧下位置まで圧下されて鍛伸される。図１２
は、同じ金敷を使用して、より径の大きい被鍛造材を鍛
伸させる場合の前述した中心線Ｓに沿う断面を示す。本
発明の金敷４６，４８の第１および第３の金敷面４６
１，４８１は、それらの中心線が金敷の中心Ｃ１，Ｃ２
に対して（Ｈ２−Ｈ１）／２だけ、被鍛造材の回転方向
（図１２の矢印で示す）で入り側に偏倚して形成されて
いるために、金敷面が有効に使用でき、より大きい径の
被鍛造材を圧下しても金敷が被鍛造材に食い込むことを
防止することができる。また、より大きい径の被鍛造材
を圧下するに際し、第２の金敷面４６２が金敷幅まで延
びる幅広の金敷面を有しているので、この幅広の金敷面
４６２によって、前部マニュピレータ装置３側から（Ｘ
１方向から）の圧下量を増加させ、後部マニュピレータ
装置５側から（Ｘ２方向から）の圧下量の低下を補うこ
とができる。The forged material 10C is rotated by a predetermined angle in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 11 by the manipulator devices 3 and 5 each time it is pressed by the anvils 46 and 48, and is moved by a predetermined distance in the X1-X2 direction. By moving the forged material 10C to the forging machine 4 several times, the material is moved to the maximum reduction position shown in the drawing and forged. 12
Shows a cross section along the above-described center line S when forging a material to be forged having a larger diameter using the same anvil. First and third anvil surfaces 46 of anvils 46, 48 of the present invention
1,481 have their center lines at the centers C1 and C2 of the anvil.
On the other hand, since (H2-H1) / 2 is formed so as to be biased toward the entry side in the direction of rotation of the material to be forged (indicated by the arrow in FIG. 12), the anvil surface can be effectively used and is larger. It is possible to prevent the anvil from biting into the forged material even if the forged material having a diameter is pressed down. Further, when the forging material having a larger diameter is rolled down, the second anvil surface 462 has a wide anvil surface extending to the anvil width, so that the wide anvil surface 462 allows the front manipulator device 3 side. From (X
The amount of reduction in one direction) can be increased to compensate for the reduction in the amount of reduction from the rear manipulator device 5 side (from the X2 direction).

【００２６】平角材を鍛伸させる場合には、金敷４６，
４８の第２および第４の金敷面４６２，４８２が使用さ
れる。図１３は、被鍛造材１０Ｄの軸方向に直交する、
金敷４６，４８の第２および第４の金敷面中心に沿う断
面を示し、平角材を鍛伸させる状態を示している。この
図からも明らかなように、図示左右の組の金敷の金敷面
４８２，４８２は、上下の組の金敷面４６２，４６２に
挟まれて、鍛伸は主として上下の金敷４６が受持ち、左
右の幅狭の金敷面４８２を有する金敷４８は、ガイドと
して機能する。When the flat bar is forged, the anvil 46,
Forty-eight second and fourth anvil surfaces 462 and 482 are used. FIG. 13 is orthogonal to the axial direction of the forged material 10D,
The section along the 2nd and 4th anvil surface of anvils 46 and 48 is shown, and the state where a flat bar is forged is shown. As is clear from this figure, the anvil surfaces 482, 482 of the anvils of the left and right groups in the figure are sandwiched between the anvil surfaces 462, 462 of the upper and lower groups, and the upper and lower anvils 46 are mainly responsible for stretching. The anvil 48 having the narrow anvil surface 482 functions as a guide.

【００２７】適用できる平角材１０Ｄの断面縦横比は、
金敷４６，４８の圧下位置によって決定され、金敷４
６，４８を、図１１に示すように、隣接する金敷が互い
に略当接する位置まで移動させたとき、第２および第４
の金敷面４６２，４８２により一辺の長さがＨ１の角材
を鍛造することができる。The cross-sectional aspect ratio of the applicable flat bar 10D is
The anvil 4 is determined by the rolling position of the anvil 46, 48.
As shown in FIG. 11, when the anvils 6 and 48 are moved to a position where adjacent anvils are substantially in contact with each other, the second and fourth
With the anvil surfaces 462 and 482, it is possible to forge a square bar having a side length of H1.

【００２８】[0028]

【発明の効果】以上の説明で明らかなように、本発明の
鍛造用金敷によれば、金敷を交換することなく平角材や
丸材も鍛伸させることができ、また、被鍛造材の形状
（外径）の異なるものも広い範囲に亘って鍛伸すること
ができ、従って、従来製品形状に応じて鍛伸毎に所要の
金敷に取替えていた金敷交換が不要になり、または少な
い回数の交換で済み、準備しておく金敷の個数も最小限
でよい等の効果を奏する。As is apparent from the above description, according to the anvil for forging of the present invention, a flat bar or a round bar can be forged without replacing the anvil, and the shape of the forged material ( Different diameters can be forged over a wide range, so it is no longer necessary to replace the required anvil for each forging according to the shape of the product. The effect is that the number of anvils to be prepared can be minimized.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明の鍛造用金敷が適用される四面鍛造装置
の概略構成図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a four-sided forging device to which a forging anvil of the present invention is applied.

【図２】従来のラウンド型金敷の斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a conventional round type anvil.

【図３】図２に示す金敷により丸材を鍛伸させる場合
の、金敷と被鍛造材との関係を示す断面図ある。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a relationship between an anvil and a material to be forged when a round material is forged by the anvil shown in FIG.

【図４】従来のユニバーサル型金敷の斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a conventional universal type anvil.

【図５】図４に示す金敷により平角材を鍛伸させる場合
の、金敷と被鍛造材との関係を示す断面図ある。5 is a cross-sectional view showing a relationship between an anvil and a material to be forged when the flat bar is forged by the anvil shown in FIG.

【図６】本発明の鍛造用金敷の斜視図である。FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the forging anvil of the present invention.

【図７】本発明の鍛造用金敷の、一の組の金敷４６の平
面図である。FIG. 7 is a plan view of a set of anvils 46 of the forging anvil of the present invention.

【図８】金敷４６の側面図である。8 is a side view of anvil 46. FIG.

【図９】本発明の鍛造用金敷の、他の組の金敷４８の平
面図である。9 is a plan view of another set of anvils 48 of the forging anvil of the present invention. FIG.

【図１０】金敷４８の側面図である。10 is a side view of anvil 48. FIG.

【図１１】本発明の金敷により丸材を鍛伸させる場合
の、金敷と被鍛造材との関係を示す断面図ある。FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a relationship between an anvil and a material to be forged when a round material is forged by the anvil of the present invention.

【図１２】本発明の金敷により、大径の丸材を鍛伸させ
る場合の、金敷と被鍛造材との関係を示す断面図ある。FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a relationship between an anvil and a material to be forged when a large-diameter round material is forged by the anvil of the present invention.

【図１３】本発明の金敷により平角材を鍛伸させる場合
の、金敷と被鍛造材との関係を示す断面図ある。FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the anvil and the material to be forged when the rectangular bar is forged by the anvil of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ 四面鍛造装置 ３ 前部マニュピレータ装置 ４ 鍛造機 ５ 後部マニュピレータ装置 １０ 被鍛造材 ４６ 金敷 ４６１ 第１の金敷面 ４６２ 第２の金敷面 ４８ 金敷 ４８１ 第３の金敷面 ４８２ 第４の金敷面 1 Four-sided forging device 3 Front manipulator device 4 Forging machine 5 Rear manipulator device 10 Forged material 46 Anvil 461 First anvil face 462 Second anvil face 48 Anvil 481 Third anvil face 482 Fourth anvil face

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 長尺の被鍛造材の外周を、その軸方向に
対して直交する４方向から同時に圧下して鍛伸させる鍛
造用金敷において、対向する一の組の各金敷は、前記軸
方向に延び、幅が金敷幅より小である矩形の第１の金敷
面と、この第１の金敷面に連続し、且つ、第１の金敷面
と同一平面上にあり、金敷幅方向に延び、前記第１の金
敷面より幅広、且つ、矩形の第２の金敷面とを備え、対
向する他の組の各金敷は、前記軸方向に延び、前記第１
の金敷面に対応する位置にあり、且つ、同じ形状を有す
る第３の金敷面と、この第３の金敷面に連続し、且つ、
第３の金敷面と同一平面上の前記第２の金敷面に対応す
る位置にあり、前記第３の金敷面より幅狭、且つ、矩形
の第４の金敷面とを備え、これらの金敷は、前記一の組
の金敷の第１の金敷面と前記他の組の金敷の第３の金敷
面により被鍛造材を鍛伸するとき、第１の金敷面および
第３の金敷面により、前記軸方向に対して直交する断面
で見て正方形を形成する位置まで被鍛造材を圧下可能に
形成されると共に、前記一の組の金敷の第２の金敷面と
前記他の組の金敷の第４の金敷面により被鍛造材を鍛伸
するとき、対向する第４の金敷面が、対向する第２の金
敷面に挟まれた状態で圧下方向に移動可能に形成される
ことを特徴とする鍛造用金敷。1. In an anvil for forging in which the outer periphery of a long forging material is simultaneously pressed and stretched in four directions orthogonal to the axial direction of the forged anvil, and the anvils of one set are opposed to each other. In the direction of the anvil, and a rectangular first anvil surface having a width smaller than the anvil width, and being continuous with the first anvil surface and coplanar with the first anvil surface and extending in the anvil width direction. A second anvil surface that is wider than the first anvil surface and is rectangular, and each of the opposing anvils of the other set extends in the axial direction,
A third anvil surface having a same shape at a position corresponding to the anvil surface, and being continuous with the third anvil surface, and
A third anvil surface and a position corresponding to the second anvil surface, which is narrower than the third anvil surface and has a rectangular fourth anvil surface. When forging a forging material by the first anvil surface of the anvil of the one set and the third anvil surface of the anvil of the other set, the first anvil surface and the third anvil surface are used to The forged material is formed so as to be able to be pressed down to a position where a square is formed when viewed in a cross section orthogonal to the axial direction, and the second anvil surface of the anvil of the one set and the anvil of the anvil of the other set are When the forging material is forged by the No. 4 anvil surface, the opposing fourth anvil surface is formed so as to be movable in the rolling direction while being sandwiched between the opposing second anvil surfaces. Anvil for forging. 【請求項２】 前記第１および第３の金敷面は、前記軸
方向に伸びるその中心線が、被鍛造材を回転させながら
鍛伸させる場合の回転方向に対して被鍛造材入り側に、
被鍛造材の軸線に対して偏倚して形成されることを特徴
とする、請求項１の鍛造用金敷。2. The first and third anvil surfaces have center lines extending in the axial direction on the side of the forged material with respect to the rotating direction when the forged material is forged while rotating,
The anvil for forging according to claim 1, which is formed so as to be deviated from the axis of the material to be forged.