JPH0667607A - Production of display formed by using diffraction grating - Google Patents

Production of display formed by using diffraction grating

Info

Publication number
JPH0667607A
JPH0667607A JP22002292A JP22002292A JPH0667607A JP H0667607 A JPH0667607 A JP H0667607A JP 22002292 A JP22002292 A JP 22002292A JP 22002292 A JP22002292 A JP 22002292A JP H0667607 A JPH0667607 A JP H0667607A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
diffraction grating
fringes
masks
pitch
display
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP22002292A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Naoko Yoshitake
吉武尚子
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd filed Critical Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
Priority to JP22002292A priority Critical patent/JPH0667607A/en
Publication of JPH0667607A publication Critical patent/JPH0667607A/en
Priority to US08/872,498 priority patent/US5991078A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the process for production of the display which segments and expressed the patterns to be displayed by the contours of diffraction gratings and enables various movements according to the movement of a visual point. CONSTITUTION:This process for production of the display consists in dividing the display patterns of characters, images, etc., to small regions and displaying the respective divided regions by using the linear diffraction gratings varying in at least one among the adjacent regions, the inclination of the gratings and the pitch of the gratings. Plural masks M1 to M7 having the apertures corresponding to the contours of the respective divided regions are used in the process and while these masks are changed, the corresponding parts of a photosensitive material PS are successively exposed via these masks with the linear interference fringes by two beam interference in such a manner that at least either of the inclination of the fringes and the pitch of the fringes vary from the inclination of the fringes and the pitch of the fringes of the adjacent parts, by which the display patterns over the entire part are formed.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上に利用分野】本発明は、カード、ラベル、シー
ル等に設けられる表示体の作製方法に関し、特に、回折
格子の輪郭により文字、画像等の表示パターンを区画し
て構成し、視点の移動に伴って動きのある表示が可能な
回折格子を用いた表示体の作製方法に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a display body provided on a card, a label, a sticker, etc., and particularly, it is constructed by dividing a display pattern of characters, images, etc. by a contour of a diffraction grating. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a display body using a diffraction grating capable of displaying with movement according to movement.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、回折格子の輪郭によって文字、画
像等の表示パターンを構成することは、例えば透明回折
格子ラベルとして、本出願人が国際公開番号WO91/
03380及び特願平4−90923号において提案し
ている。しかし、これらは、単純な回折格子の輪郭によ
って文字、画像等を表示しているので、観察者の視点の
移動に伴って表示に動きがでるものではない。
2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, it has been known by the present applicant to construct a display pattern of characters, images, etc. by the contour of a diffraction grating, for example, as a transparent diffraction grating label, by the applicant of the present invention in International Publication No. WO91 /
03380 and Japanese Patent Application No. 4-90923. However, since these display characters, images, etc. with a simple contour of the diffraction grating, the display does not move as the observer's viewpoint moves.

【0003】これに対して、微小なドット各々を回折格
子で作製し、このドットを2次元的に配置して表示体を
構成するものが知られており、各ドットの回折格子の向
き、格子ピッチを種々のものにして、見る向きによりパ
ターンが変化するようにしたものが、特開平2−723
20号において提案されている。しかし、これは、回折
格子の輪郭により表示パターンを区画して表示するもの
ではなく、また、視点に移動に伴う表示パターンの変化
は滑らかなものではない。しかも、1つの画面を網点の
ように極めて多数のドットを規則的に配置して構成する
ため、作製が容易でないと言う問題点もある。
On the other hand, it is known that each minute dot is formed by a diffraction grating and the dots are two-dimensionally arranged to form a display body. The direction of the diffraction grating of each dot and the grating are known. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-723 discloses a pattern having various pitches so that the pattern changes depending on the viewing direction.
No. 20 proposed. However, this does not display the display pattern by dividing it by the contour of the diffraction grating, and the change of the display pattern due to the movement of the viewpoint is not smooth. In addition, since one screen is formed by regularly arranging an extremely large number of dots such as halftone dots, it is not easy to manufacture.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明はこのような状
況に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、表示する
パターンを回折格子の輪郭により区画して表現し、視点
の移動に伴って滑らかな動きがあり、しかも、様々な動
きが可能な回折格子を用いた表示体の作製方法を提供す
ることである。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to express a pattern to be displayed by dividing it by the contour of a diffraction grating, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a display body using a diffraction grating that has smooth movements and is capable of various movements.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成する本発
明の回折格子を用いた表示体の作製方法は、文字、画像
等の表示パターンを小領域に分割し、各分割領域を隣接
する領域と格子の傾き、格子ピッチの少なくとも一方が
異なる直線回折格子を用いて表した表示体の作製方法に
おいて、各分割領域の輪郭に対応する開口を有する複数
のマスクを用い、マスクを交換しながらそのマスクを介
して対応する感光材部分に二光束干渉による直線干渉縞
を、縞の傾き、縞ピッチの少なくとも一方が隣接する部
分と異なるようにして、順次露光して、全体の表示パタ
ーンを形成することを特徴とする方法である。
A method of manufacturing a display body using a diffraction grating of the present invention that achieves the above object is to divide a display pattern of characters, images, etc. into small areas, and divide each divided area into adjacent areas. In a method of manufacturing a display body represented by using a linear diffraction grating in which at least one of the inclination of the grating and the grating pitch is different, a plurality of masks having openings corresponding to the contours of the divided regions are used, and the masks are exchanged while exchanging the masks. The entire display pattern is formed by sequentially exposing linear interference fringes due to two-beam interference on a corresponding photosensitive material portion through a mask so that at least one of the inclination of the stripes and the stripe pitch is different from the adjacent portion. It is a method characterized by that.

【0006】この場合、特に、各分割領域の直線干渉縞
が、隣接するもの同士で、その縞の傾きが徐々に滑らか
に変化し、また、その縞ピッチが滑らかに変化するかほ
ぼ同じで、各分割領域の直線干渉縞の縞又はそれに平行
な直線を隣接するものの間で連結するとき、滑らかな曲
線を直線近似した折れ線になるように各分割領域の直線
干渉縞を形成する場合、干渉縞の傾き、ピッチを徐々に
変えて行けばよく、マスク交換に伴う調節が容易にな
る。また、作製された表示体は、表示体に対する視点が
変えると、回折により輝いて見える位置が滑らかに多様
に移動し、かつ、白色光で照明すると、この輝いて見え
る領域に虹色の色が付いた領域となり、表示パターンが
容易に認識できるだけでなく、視覚的に面白く、表示効
果、意匠効果が極めて優れたものとなる。
In this case, in particular, the linear interference fringes of the respective divided areas of adjacent ones gradually change their inclinations smoothly, and the fringe pitch changes smoothly or almost the same. When the linear interference fringes of each divided area or the straight lines parallel to each other are connected between adjacent ones, when the linear interference fringes of each divided area are formed so as to form a polygonal line that approximates a smooth curve, the interference fringes It is sufficient to gradually change the inclination and pitch of the mask, which facilitates adjustment accompanying mask replacement. Further, in the manufactured display body, when the viewpoint with respect to the display body is changed, the position where it looks bright due to diffraction moves smoothly and variously, and when illuminated with white light, a rainbow color appears in this brightly viewed area. The area is attached, so that the display pattern can be easily recognized, it is visually interesting, and the display effect and the design effect are extremely excellent.

【0007】[0007]

【作用】本発明においては、各分割領域の輪郭に対応す
る開口を有する複数のマスクを用い、マスクを交換しな
がらそのマスクを介して対応する感光材部分に二光束干
渉による直線干渉縞を、縞の傾き、縞ピッチの少なくと
も一方が隣接する部分と異なるようにして、順次露光し
て、全体の表示パターンを形成するので、面積が大き
く、視点の移動に伴って様々な動きが可能な回折格子表
示体を光学的に容易に作製することができる。
In the present invention, a plurality of masks having openings corresponding to the contours of the respective divided areas are used, and while the masks are exchanged, linear interference fringes due to two-beam interference on the corresponding photosensitive material portion through the masks, Since the entire display pattern is formed by sequentially exposing by making at least one of the stripe inclination and the stripe pitch different from the adjacent portion, the diffraction pattern has a large area and various movements are possible as the viewpoint moves. The lattice display body can be optically easily manufactured.

【0008】[0008]

【実施例】以下、図面を参照にして、本発明の回折格子
を用いた表示体の原理とその作製方法について説明す
る。図1(a)に平面図を示すように、所定ピッチdの
上に凸の曲線群からなる反射型の回折格子Aについて検
討すると、光源が図面手前側上方に位置する場合、視点
を左から右へ移動させると、格子面上で輝いて見える領
域は、視点の移動方向と同じ左から右へ移動する。その
移動を格子面の下の矢印で示す。反対に視点を移動する
と輝いて見える領域の移動は矢印と反対の方向になる。
光源が白色光源の場合、輝いて見える領域は、上下方向
に虹色の色が付いた帯状領域になる。そして、回折格子
を構成する曲線の曲率半径が大きくなる程、輝いた領域
の移動速度は速くなる。図1(b)に示すように、回折
格子Aの上下を逆転した下に凸の曲線群からなる回折格
子Bについては、図(a)の場合とは逆に、視点の移動
方向と逆の右から左へ移動する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The principle of a display body using the diffraction grating of the present invention and a method of manufacturing the same will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 1A, when a reflection type diffraction grating A composed of a curve group convex on a predetermined pitch d is examined, when the light source is located on the front side of the drawing, the viewpoint is from the left. When moved to the right, the area that appears to be bright on the lattice surface moves from left to right, which is the same as the direction of movement of the viewpoint. The movement is indicated by the arrow below the lattice plane. On the contrary, when the viewpoint is moved, the area that appears to be shining moves in the opposite direction of the arrow.
When the light source is a white light source, the brightly visible area is a strip-shaped area with a rainbow color in the vertical direction. As the radius of curvature of the curve forming the diffraction grating increases, the moving speed of the bright area increases. As shown in FIG. 1B, with respect to the diffraction grating B composed of a downwardly convex curve group in which the diffraction grating A is turned upside down, the direction of movement of the viewpoint is opposite to that of the case of FIG. Move from right to left.

【0009】このように上に凸の曲線群からなる回折格
子と下に凸の曲線群からなる回折格子を組み合わせて、
例えば、図2(a)、(b)に示すように、波線群から
なる回折格子C、Dを構成して、上記と同様に光源を配
置し、視点を移動させると、図示矢印のように、格子面
上で輝いて見える領域が移動する。したがって、このよ
うな回折格子C、Dを視点を移動させながら観察する
と、輝いて見える領域もそれに伴って同じ方向又は反対
方向に移動し、かつ、その領域が虹色に輝くので、表示
効果、意匠効果は顕著なものとなる。
As described above, the diffraction grating composed of the upward convex curve group and the diffraction grating composed of the downward convex curve group are combined,
For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), when diffraction gratings C and D composed of a group of wavy lines are configured, a light source is arranged in the same manner as above, and the viewpoint is moved, as shown by arrows in FIG. , The area that looks bright on the grid surface moves. Therefore, when observing such diffraction gratings C and D while moving the viewpoint, the shining region also moves in the same direction or the opposite direction, and the region shines iridescent, so that the display effect, The design effect becomes remarkable.

【0010】さらに、上記のように、曲線群からなる回
折格子において、格子ピッチdも場所に応じて変化する
ようにすると、その輝いて見える領域の面積、移動方向
もさらに多様になり、表示効果、意匠効果が一層顕著な
ものとなる。
Further, as described above, in the diffraction grating composed of a group of curves, if the grating pitch d is also changed depending on the place, the area of the brightly visible region and the moving direction are further varied, and the display effect is obtained. The design effect becomes more remarkable.

【0011】このように滑らかな曲線群からなる回折格
子の輪郭によって文字、画像等の表示パターンを区画し
て表現することにすると、例えば図3に示すように、文
字「DNP」を背景の中に表示する場合、各文字部につ
いては、比較的曲率半径が小さく、上に凸の曲線群から
なる回折格子A(図1(a))を文字「D」、「N」、
「P」の形に切り出して用いる。そして、背景について
は、比較的曲率半径が大きく、下に凸の曲線群からなる
回折格子B(図1(b))を文字部「DNP」を除いて
用いる。そして、これら両者を図示のよに組み合わして
表示パターン体を構成すると、光源が図面手前側上方に
位置する場合、視点を左から右へ移動させると、文字部
「DNP」は、視点移動方向に比較的遅く輝いて見える
領域が移動し、文字「DNP」が認識される。これに対
して、背景は、視点移動方向と反対の方向に輝いて見え
る領域が比較的速く移動し、この両者の移動が組み合わ
さって、表示効果、意匠効果が優れたものとなる。
When the display pattern of characters, images, etc. is divided and expressed by the contour of the diffraction grating composed of such a smooth curve group, the character "DNP" is displayed in the background as shown in FIG. 3, for example. In the case of displaying the above, the diffraction grating A (FIG. 1A), which has a relatively small radius of curvature and a convex curve group, is used for each character portion, and the letters “D”, “N”,
Cut out into a "P" shape for use. For the background, a diffraction grating B (FIG. 1B) having a relatively large radius of curvature and a downwardly convex curve group is used except for the character portion “DNP”. When the display pattern body is configured by combining these two as shown in the figure, when the viewpoint is moved from left to right when the light source is located above the front side of the drawing, the character portion “DNP” displays the viewpoint moving direction. The area that appears to shine relatively slowly moves, and the character "DNP" is recognized. On the other hand, in the background, a region that appears to shine in a direction opposite to the viewpoint moving direction moves relatively fast, and the movements of these two are combined to provide excellent display effects and design effects.

【0012】なお、図3において、文字部、背景の何れ
か一方の回折格子を省き、他方の回折格子のみで文字
「DNP」を表現することもできる。さらに、回折格子
A、Bとして、図2のような波線群からなるものを用い
ることもできるし、格子ピッチが場所に応じて変化する
ものを用いることもできる。
In FIG. 3, it is also possible to omit the diffraction grating of either the character portion or the background and express the character "DNP" only by the other diffraction grating. Further, as the diffraction gratings A and B, a diffraction grating consisting of a group of wavy lines as shown in FIG. 2 can be used, or a diffraction grating whose grating pitch changes depending on the place can be used.

【0013】ところで、以上のような曲線群からなる回
折格子は、電子ビーム描画装置、イオンビーム描画装
置、又は、レーザー描画装置により、基板に塗布したレ
ジストに所望の曲線群を所定のピッチで描画することに
より製作することができる。しかしながら、このような
描画装置を用いるにしても、面積のある回折格子の曲線
群を全て描画により製作するには時間と費用がかかる。
これに比較して、回折格子を直線群で構成できれば、例
えば二光束干渉により簡単に製作できるため、極めて望
ましい。
By the way, the diffraction grating composed of the above-described curve group is drawn with a desired curve group on the resist applied to the substrate at a predetermined pitch by an electron beam drawing apparatus, an ion beam drawing apparatus or a laser drawing apparatus. It can be manufactured by doing. However, even if such a drawing apparatus is used, it takes time and cost to manufacture all curve groups of a diffraction grating having an area by drawing.
On the other hand, if the diffraction grating can be formed by a group of straight lines, it can be easily manufactured by, for example, two-beam interference, which is extremely desirable.

【0014】そこで、以上のような曲線群からなる回折
格子を直線群からなる部分回折格子で近似的に構成する
ことを考える。図4は、図1(a)の回折格子Aを部分
回折格子A1〜A7により構成する例を示す図であり、
回折格子Aの同じ傾きと同じ格子ピッチを有する部分を
1つのまとまりとして分割し、その部分をその傾きと格
子ピッチを有する直線回折格子A1〜A7で置き換えて
構成してある。したがって、部分回折格子A1〜A7は
それぞれ直線回折格子からなり、その格子の傾き、ピッ
チは、何れも隣接するものとの間で順次滑らかに変化し
ており、その元になる回折格子Aの領域においては、急
激に大きく変化することはない。このように、連続する
部分直線回折格子群からなり、各部分直線回折格子の格
子の傾き、ピッチが隣接する部分直線回折格子との間で
順次滑らかに変化し(ピッチは変化させなくともよ
い。)、急激に大きく変化することがない回折格子集合
体A′においても、図1(a)の回折格子Aと同様、視
点の移動に伴って輝いて見える領域が滑らかに移動す
る。分割面積が小さくなる程、その移動は滑らかとな
る。図1(b)、図2(a)、(b)の回折格子におい
ても同様に構成できる。なお、分割部分の形は、元とな
る曲線群の形と分布により決まるが、図1、図2の回折
格子は何れも、図4のように、縦の並列するストライプ
領域に分割される。なお、この場合に、分割されるスト
ライプの幅については、必ずしも等間隔である必要はな
い。
Therefore, it is considered that the diffraction grating composed of the above curve group is approximately constructed by the partial diffraction grating composed of the straight line group. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example in which the diffraction grating A of FIG. 1A is composed of partial diffraction gratings A1 to A7,
A portion of the diffraction grating A having the same inclination and the same grating pitch is divided into one unit, and the portion is replaced with linear diffraction gratings A1 to A7 having the inclination and the grating pitch. Therefore, each of the partial diffraction gratings A1 to A7 is composed of a linear diffraction grating, and the inclination and pitch of the diffraction grating sequentially change smoothly between adjacent diffraction gratings. Does not change drastically. In this way, the partial linear diffraction grating group is formed continuously, and the inclination and pitch of the grating of each partial linear diffraction grating sequentially and smoothly change between adjacent partial linear diffraction gratings (the pitch may not be changed. ), Even in the diffraction grating assembly A ′ that does not change drastically, as in the case of the diffraction grating A in FIG. 1A, the brightly shining region smoothly moves as the viewpoint moves. The smaller the divided area, the smoother the movement. The diffraction gratings shown in FIGS. 1B, 2A, and 2B can be similarly configured. The shape of the divided portion is determined by the shape and distribution of the original curve group, but both the diffraction gratings of FIGS. 1 and 2 are divided into vertical parallel stripe regions as shown in FIG. In this case, the widths of the divided stripes do not necessarily have to be evenly spaced.

【0015】図5は、図3の表示体をこのような部分直
線回折格子からなる回折格子集合体により文字領域「D
NP」及びその背景を表した例であり、各領域に設ける
回折格子の方向を円弧で示してある。回折格子集合体
A′、B′共、図示のように縦の並列するストライプ領
域に分割されており、各領域の格子の傾きは、回折格子
集合体A′において、左から30°、25°、・・・、
10°、5°、0°、−5°、−10°、・・・・、−
25°、−30°の5°刻みで順次変化している。ま
た、回折格子集合体B′においては、−39°、−36
°、・・・、−6°、−3°、0°、3°、6°、・・
・・、36°、39°の3°刻みで順次変化している。
格子ピッチについては、回折格子集合体A′の各分割領
域において、何れも同じピッチのものを、また、回折格
子集合体B′の各分割領域においても、何れも同じピッ
チのものを用いている。この場合も、視点の移動に伴っ
て輝いて見える領域は、図3の場合と同様、滑らかに移
動する。
FIG. 5 shows the display unit of FIG. 3 in the character area "D" by the diffraction grating assembly composed of such a partial linear diffraction grating.
NP ”and its background, and the direction of the diffraction grating provided in each region is indicated by an arc. Both the diffraction grating assemblies A ′ and B ′ are divided into vertical parallel stripe regions as shown in the drawing, and the inclination of the grating in each region is 30 ° and 25 ° from the left in the diffraction grating assembly A ′. ...
10 °, 5 °, 0 °, −5 °, −10 °, ..., −
It changes in steps of 5 ° of 25 ° and -30 °. Further, in the diffraction grating assembly B ′, −39 °, −36
°, -6 °, -3 °, 0 °, 3 °, 6 °, ...
.., 36.degree., 39.degree. Are changed in 3 degree increments.
Regarding the grating pitch, the same pitch is used in each divided area of the diffraction grating assembly A ′, and the same pitch is used in each divided area of the diffraction grating assembly B ′. . In this case as well, the region that looks bright as the viewpoint moves moves smoothly, as in the case of FIG.

【0016】さて、このような表示パターン体を製作す
るには、各領域の輪郭を有する複数のマスクを用意し、
マスクを交換しながら各領域のみを露出させ、その領域
の格子ピッチと向きに応じた干渉縞が生じるように、2
つの光束を干渉させて露光することにより、光学的に容
易に作製することができる。以下、簡単のため、図6に
示すように、図4の直線回折格子からなる回折格子集合
体A′を用いて文字「D」の内部領域のみを分割して表
すことにする。分割領域を図示のようにB1〜B7とす
る。図7に示したように、これらの各分割領域の輪郭に
対応する開口を有する7枚のマスクM1〜M7を用意
し、マスクを交換しながら1枚の感光板に二光束干渉縞
を順次露光する。そのためには、図8に示したような光
学配置を用いる。すなわち、ステージの平面に沿ってx
−y方向の位置調節が可能で、その面に垂直な軸の周り
で角度θが調節可能なステージST上に感光板PSを載
置し、上記のようなマスクM1〜M7を順次選択して感
光板PSの上に位置決めして載せる。一方、レーザー光
源Lからの光はビームエキスパンダーEXによりその断
面が広げられ、平行光となってハーフミラーHMに入射
し、2方向に分割され、一方はミラーM1により、他方
はミラーM2により反射されて、ステージST上で干渉
させられる。したがって、選択されてマスクM1〜M7
を介してその開口領域の感光板PS部分に干渉縞が露光
される。図6のように各領域B1〜B7の干渉縞の方向
とピッチを所望のものにするために、マスクM1〜M7
を交換する毎に、ステージSTを回転させて干渉縞の方
向を調節し、また、例えばミラーM1の角度αを変える
ことにより干渉縞のピッチを調節する。このようにし
て、図6のような表示体が作製される。
In order to manufacture such a display pattern body, a plurality of masks having the contours of the respective areas are prepared,
While changing the mask, expose each area only so that interference fringes depending on the grating pitch and direction of that area may occur.
By exposing the two light fluxes to interfere with each other, it is possible to easily fabricate optically. Hereinafter, for simplification, as shown in FIG. 6, only the internal region of the character “D” will be divided and expressed using the diffraction grating assembly A ′ composed of the linear diffraction grating of FIG. The divided areas are designated as B1 to B7 as shown. As shown in FIG. 7, seven masks M1 to M7 having openings corresponding to the contours of these divided areas are prepared, and two light beam interference fringes are sequentially exposed on one photosensitive plate while exchanging the masks. To do. For that purpose, the optical arrangement as shown in FIG. 8 is used. That is, x along the plane of the stage
The photosensitive plate PS is placed on a stage ST whose position can be adjusted in the −y direction and whose angle θ can be adjusted about an axis perpendicular to the surface, and the masks M1 to M7 as described above are sequentially selected. It is positioned and placed on the photosensitive plate PS. On the other hand, the light from the laser light source L has its cross section expanded by the beam expander EX, becomes parallel light, enters the half mirror HM, and is split into two directions. One is reflected by the mirror M1 and the other is reflected by the mirror M2. And is interfered on the stage ST. Therefore, the selected masks M1 to M7
The interference fringes are exposed on the portion of the photosensitive plate PS in the opening area via. As shown in FIG. 6, the masks M1 to M7 are provided in order to make the direction and pitch of the interference fringes of the regions B1 to B7 desired.
The stage ST is rotated and the direction of the interference fringes is adjusted every time when is exchanged, and the pitch of the interference fringes is adjusted by changing the angle α of the mirror M1. In this way, the display body as shown in FIG. 6 is manufactured.

【0017】以上、本発明の回折格子を用いた表示体の
作製方法を実施例に基づいて説明してきたが、本発明は
これら実施例に限定されず、種々の変形が可能である。
また、表示体も、図5、図6で示したようなものに限ら
ず、表示パターンを分割してその各々の領域の形に合致
する形の直線回折格子を割り当ててなるものであれば、
何れにも本発明の作製方法を適用することができる。
Although the method for manufacturing a display body using the diffraction grating of the present invention has been described above based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and various modifications can be made.
Further, the display body is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, and if the display pattern is divided and linear diffraction gratings of a shape matching the shape of each area are allocated,
The manufacturing method of the present invention can be applied to any of them.

【0018】[0018]

【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなよに、本発明の
回折格子を用いた表示体の作製方法によると、各分割領
域の輪郭に対応する開口を有する複数のマスクを用い、
マスクを交換しながらそのマスクを介して対応する感光
材部分に二光束干渉による直線干渉縞を、縞の傾き、縞
ピッチの少なくとも一方が隣接する部分と異なるように
して、順次露光して、全体の表示パターンを形成するの
で、面積が大きく、視点の移動に伴って様々な動きが可
能な回折格子表示体を光学的に容易に作製することがで
きる。
As is apparent from the above description, according to the method of manufacturing a display body using the diffraction grating of the present invention, a plurality of masks having openings corresponding to the contours of the divided regions are used,
While changing the mask, linear exposure fringes due to two-beam interference on the corresponding photosensitive material portion through the mask are sequentially exposed by making at least one of the inclination of the fringes and the fringe pitch different from the adjacent portion, and then exposing the whole. Since the display pattern is formed, it is possible to optically easily manufacture a diffraction grating display body having a large area and capable of various movements as the viewpoint moves.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明の基礎となる曲線群からなる回折格子の
視点移動に伴う輝いて見える領域の動きを説明するため
の図である。
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a movement of a brightly-visible area accompanying a viewpoint movement of a diffraction grating formed of a group of curves which is a basis of the present invention.

【図2】波線群からなる回折格子の場合の動きを説明す
るための図である。
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining movement in the case of a diffraction grating including a group of wavy lines.

【図3】表示体の1例の平面図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view of an example of a display body.

【図4】曲線群からなる回折格子を直線群からなる部分
回折格子で近似的に構成する原理を説明するための図で
ある。
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the principle of approximately constructing a diffraction grating including a group of curves with a partial diffraction grating including a group of straight lines.

【図5】図3の表示体を部分直線回折格子からなる回折
格子集合体により表した例を示すための図である。
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example in which the display body of FIG. 3 is represented by a diffraction grating assembly composed of partial linear diffraction gratings.

【図6】直線回折格子群からなる簡単な表示体の例を示
すための図である。
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a simple display body including a linear diffraction grating group.

【図7】図6の表示体を本発明の方法により作製する場
合に使用するマスクの開口形状を示すための図である。
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an opening shape of a mask used when the display body of FIG. 6 is manufactured by the method of the present invention.

【図8】本発明の作製方法を実施するための光学配置の
1例を示すための図である。
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of an optical arrangement for carrying out the manufacturing method of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

B1〜B7…分割領域 M1〜M7…マスク ST…ステージ PS…感光板 L …レーザー光源 EX…ビームエキスパンダー HM…ハーフミラー M1、M2…ミラー B1-B7 ... Divided areas M1-M7 ... Mask ST ... Stage PS ... Photosensitive plate L ... Laser light source EX ... Beam expander HM ... Half mirror M1, M2 ... Mirror

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 文字、画像等の表示パターンを小領域に
分割し、各分割領域を隣接する領域と格子の傾き、格子
ピッチの少なくとも一方が異なる直線回折格子を用いて
表した表示体の作製方法において、各分割領域の輪郭に
対応する開口を有する複数のマスクを用い、マスクを交
換しながらそのマスクを介して対応する感光材部分に二
光束干渉による直線干渉縞を、縞の傾き、縞ピッチの少
なくとも一方が隣接する部分と異なるようにして、順次
露光して、全体の表示パターンを形成することを特徴と
する回折格子を用いた表示体の作製方法。
1. A display body in which a display pattern of characters, images, etc. is divided into small areas, and each divided area is represented by a linear diffraction grating in which at least one of the inclination of the grating and the grating pitch is different from the adjacent area. In the method, a plurality of masks having openings corresponding to the contours of the respective divided areas are used, and while the masks are exchanged, linear interference fringes due to two-beam interference on the corresponding photosensitive material portion through the masks, the inclination of the fringes, and the fringes. A method of manufacturing a display body using a diffraction grating, which comprises sequentially exposing by making at least one of pitches different from adjacent portions to form an entire display pattern.
【請求項2】 各分割領域の直線干渉縞が、隣接するも
の同士で、その縞の傾きが徐々に滑らかに変化し、ま
た、その縞ピッチが滑らかに変化するかほぼ同じで、各
分割領域の直線干渉縞の縞又はそれに平行な直線を隣接
するものの間で連結するとき、滑らかな曲線を直線近似
した折れ線になるように各分割領域の直線干渉縞を形成
することを特徴とする請求項1記載の回折格子を用いた
表示体の作製方法。
2. The linear interference fringes of each divided area are adjacent to each other, and the inclinations of the stripes gradually change smoothly, and the stripe pitch changes smoothly or almost the same. The linear interference fringes of each divided area are formed so as to form a polygonal line obtained by linearly approximating a smooth curve when connecting the fringes of the linear interference fringes of FIG. A method of manufacturing a display body using the diffraction grating according to 1.
JP22002292A 1992-08-19 1992-08-19 Production of display formed by using diffraction grating Pending JPH0667607A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22002292A JPH0667607A (en) 1992-08-19 1992-08-19 Production of display formed by using diffraction grating
US08/872,498 US5991078A (en) 1992-08-19 1997-06-10 Display medium employing diffraction grating and method of producing diffraction grating assembly

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22002292A JPH0667607A (en) 1992-08-19 1992-08-19 Production of display formed by using diffraction grating

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0667607A true JPH0667607A (en) 1994-03-11

Family

ID=16744711

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP22002292A Pending JPH0667607A (en) 1992-08-19 1992-08-19 Production of display formed by using diffraction grating

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0667607A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017505926A (en) * 2014-01-20 2017-02-23 ドゥ ラ リュ インターナショナル リミティド Security element and method of manufacturing the same
US11131929B2 (en) * 2018-11-07 2021-09-28 Waymo Llc Systems and methods that utilize angled photolithography for manufacturing light guide elements
US11131934B2 (en) 2019-10-29 2021-09-28 Waymo Llc Non-telecentric light guide elements

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017505926A (en) * 2014-01-20 2017-02-23 ドゥ ラ リュ インターナショナル リミティド Security element and method of manufacturing the same
US11131929B2 (en) * 2018-11-07 2021-09-28 Waymo Llc Systems and methods that utilize angled photolithography for manufacturing light guide elements
US11994802B2 (en) 2018-11-07 2024-05-28 Waymo Llc Systems and methods that utilize angled photolithography for manufacturing light guide elements
US11131934B2 (en) 2019-10-29 2021-09-28 Waymo Llc Non-telecentric light guide elements
US11520236B2 (en) 2019-10-29 2022-12-06 Waymo Llc Non-telecentric light guide elements
US11868050B2 (en) 2019-10-29 2024-01-09 Waymo Llc Non-telecentric light guide elements

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