JPH0667295B2 - Floating reef - Google Patents
Floating reefInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0667295B2 JPH0667295B2 JP63255787A JP25578788A JPH0667295B2 JP H0667295 B2 JPH0667295 B2 JP H0667295B2 JP 63255787 A JP63255787 A JP 63255787A JP 25578788 A JP25578788 A JP 25578788A JP H0667295 B2 JPH0667295 B2 JP H0667295B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- floating
- columnar body
- floating body
- wave
- stabilizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、水面に設置する浮魚礁に関するものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a floating reef installed on a water surface.
［従来の技術］ 水面に設置する浮魚礁は、シイラ漬け、パヤオなど漂流
物の周辺に蝟集する回遊魚の習性を利用した伝統魚具を
発展させたものであり、カツオ，マグロ，シイラ等の回
遊魚を対象とした研究がなされている。[Prior Art] A floating reef installed on the surface of the water is a development of a traditional fish tool that utilizes the habit of migratory fish that gather around drifting objects such as dolphin pickles and Phayao. Studies have been conducted on play fish.
現在まで設置実績の多い浮魚礁は、比較的小形・軽量・
低価格なもの、例えばFRP等の合成樹脂製浮体と合繊ロ
ープ等を用いた係留索とで構成したものであり、設置が
容易なことから「簡易型浮魚礁」と呼ばれている。しか
し、簡易型浮魚礁は、比較的小形で耐用期間が短いた
め、浮体規模の大きい長期耐用型の浮魚礁の開発が望ま
れている。これは、浮体規模が大きく設置期間の長いも
のの蝟集効果が顕著であることが知られているためであ
る。Floating reefs that have been installed to date are relatively small, lightweight,
It is a low-priced one, for example, made up of a floating body made of synthetic resin such as FRP, and mooring lines using synthetic fiber rope, and is called a "simple floating reef" because it is easy to install. However, since the simple floating fish reef is relatively small and has a short service life, development of a long-term floating fish reef with a large floating body is desired. This is because it is known that the gathering effect is remarkable even when the floating body is large and the installation period is long.
一般に、水面に設置する浮魚礁は、水中設置式の浮魚礁
と異なり、水面の波浪の影響を直接に受けるという特殊
性を有する。浮魚礁が波浪中で頻繁に動揺すると、浮魚
礁を係留している索の摩耗や劣化が早くなり、また魚群
の蝟集にとっても好ましくない。更に、荒天時に浮魚礁
が大きく動揺すると、係留索に過大な張力が発生し、係
留索の破断につながることがある。この様に、浮魚礁の
波浪中動揺性能は、係留索の破断および魚の蝟集との関
係から、重要な検討課題である。In general, floating fish reefs installed on the surface of water have a peculiarity that they are directly affected by waves on the surface of the water, unlike floating fish reefs of underwater installation type. If the floating reef sways frequently in the waves, the ropes mooring the floating reef will be worn and deteriorated quickly, and it will be unfavorable for collecting fish. Furthermore, if the floating reef sways significantly during stormy weather, excessive tension may be generated on the mooring line, which may lead to breakage of the mooring line. In this way, the swaying performance of floating reefs in waves is an important issue to be considered in view of the breakage of mooring lines and the collection of fish.
上記簡易型浮魚礁と対比し得るようなやや進歩した浮魚
礁の例としては、従来、横形や縦形等、のものが知られ
ている。第４図は横形浮魚礁の代表的な例であり、コマ
型の浮体本体ａの下面に脚柱ｂによってダンパーｃを設
けると共に、上面にマストｃを立てたものを海面に浮か
べ、浮体本体ａ下面の係留環ｅより、順次、上側チェー
ンｆ、ワイヤーロープｇ、下側チェーンｈを介して、ア
ンカーｉに係留したものである。第５図は縦形浮魚礁の
代表的な例であり、截頭円錐を上下２つに合せた形の頭
部ｊと該頭部から下方に垂下させた脚部ｋとを有する縦
型の浮体を、順次、ステンレス・ワイヤーロープp,テト
ロンロープｑ、エスラインロープr,チェーンｔを介し
て、アンカーｗに係留したもので、これらの係留索要素
間は適宜シャックルj,n,uやスイベルによって連結され
る。As an example of a slightly advanced floating reef that can be compared with the above-mentioned simple type floating reef, a horizontal type or a vertical type is conventionally known. FIG. 4 is a typical example of a horizontal floating reef, in which a damper c is provided by a pedestal b on the lower surface of a frame-shaped floating body a, and a mast c is erected on the upper surface and floated on the sea surface. The mooring ring e on the lower surface is moored to the anchor i through the upper chain f, the wire rope g, and the lower chain h in order. FIG. 5 is a typical example of a vertical floating reef, and is a vertical floating body having a head j formed by combining two truncated cones up and down and a leg part k hanging downward from the head. Are moored to the anchor w via the stainless steel wire rope p, the tetron rope q, the esline rope r, and the chain t in order, and shackles j, n, u and swivels are used between these mooring line elements as appropriate. Be connected.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ しかし、従来の浮魚礁の耐用年数は比較的短く、例えば
上記簡易型浮魚礁にあっては半年から２年程度である。
これは、浮体の流失事故、特に係留索の破断による流失
事故が多く、安定した漁業施設として成立していないた
めである。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the service life of the conventional floating fish reef is relatively short, for example, about 6 months to 2 years in the case of the above-mentioned simple floating fish reef.
This is because many floating accidents, especially accidents due to breakage of mooring lines, have not been established as a stable fishing facility.
ところで、上記浮魚礁における係留索の主な破断原因
は、波浪の繰り返し荷重による水面付近の係留索の疲
労、浮体の動揺に伴う係留鎖の摩耗などが圧倒的であ
る。この点は、簡易型浮魚礁と対比し得るようなやや進
歩した浮魚礁についても例外ではない。従って、浮魚礁
の耐用年数を、例えば15年程度に長期化するためには、
浮魚礁の波浪中動揺性能を向上させることが必要とな
る。By the way, the main causes of breakage of the mooring line in the floating reef are overwhelmingly fatigue of the mooring line near the water surface due to repeated loading of waves and wear of the mooring chain due to sway of the floating body. This point is no exception to the slightly advanced floating reef that can be compared with the simple floating reef. Therefore, in order to prolong the useful life of floating reefs, for example, to about 15 years,
It is necessary to improve the swaying performance of floating reefs in waves.
本発明は、上記問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、浮体の
動揺を低減し、係留索にかかる負荷を軽減して、耐用年
数の長期化を図り得る浮魚礁を提供することにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a floating fish reef that can reduce sway of the floating body, reduce the load on the mooring line, and prolong the service life.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 頭部及び脚部を有する縦型の２点波無し浮体を水面に設
置し脚部を係留索を用いてアンカーに係留した浮魚礁に
おいて、浮体の頭部を上部柱状体として形成すると共
に、その上部柱状体の下面からこれより小径の下部柱状
体を前記脚部として同軸的に垂下させて前記上部柱状体
の下面に上向きの浮力を受ける下平面部を形成し、前記
下部柱状体に上下方向の浮力を浮けるべく前記上部柱状
体よりも大径の複数の水平安定板を上下に所定の間隔を
隔てて同軸的に設けると共にその水平安定板に下部柱状
体から所定の距離を隔てて垂直安定板を設けたものであ
る。[Means for Solving the Problems] In a floating reef in which a vertical two-point waveless floating body having a head and legs is installed on the water surface and the legs are moored to anchors using mooring lines, the head of the floating body is The upper columnar body is formed as an upper columnar body, and a lower columnar body having a diameter smaller than the lower columnar body is coaxially hung from the lower surface of the upper columnar body as the leg portion to form a lower flat surface portion receiving an upward buoyancy force on the lower surface of the upper columnar body. A plurality of horizontal stabilizers having a diameter larger than that of the upper columnar body are coaxially provided vertically at a predetermined distance to the lower columnar body so as to float the buoyancy in the vertical direction. A vertical stabilizer is provided at a predetermined distance from the body.
［作用］ ２点波無し浮体の作用は以下のとおりである。[Operation] The operation of the two-point waveless floating body is as follows.
実海域の不規則な波の中で浮体の動揺が小さいというの
は、浮体を設置する水域における発現頻度の高い波周期
領域で動揺が小さいことである。発現頻度の高い波周期
領域は普通かなり広い幅をもっている。従って、浮体の
動揺を小さくするためには、波浪中応答が広範囲の波周
期で小さい浮体形状、言い換えると、広範囲の波周期に
対して波強制力の小さい形状を選ぶ必要がある。The small fluctuation of the floating body among the irregular waves in the actual sea means that the fluctuation is small in the wave periodic region where the floating body frequently appears in the water area where the floating body is installed. Frequencies with high frequency are usually quite wide. Therefore, in order to reduce the sway of the floating body, it is necessary to select a floating body shape having a small response in waves over a wide range of wave periods, in other words, a shape with a small wave forcing force over a wide range of wave periods.
本発明の浮魚礁は、浮対頭部たる上部柱上体の径より
も、その下面から同軸的に垂下されている浮体脚部たる
下部柱状体の径の方が小さく、また、下部柱状体の下方
部に同軸的に複数設けてある水平安定板の径は頭部の上
部柱状体よりも大きくしてあり、上部柱状体の下面が水
面下に来るように浮体全体の浮力設定をして２点波無し
浮体を構成している。このため、水平安定板の下面及び
上部柱状体の下面に作用する波強制力と、水平安定板の
上面に作用する波強制力との大小関係、及び浮体運動の
慣性力との相乗効果により、２つの波強制力を受けない
波周期が現れる。波強制力を受けない波周期が増えるた
め、広範囲の波周期で上下方向の動揺振幅が小さくな
る。In the floating fish reef of the present invention, the diameter of the lower columnar body, which is the floating body leg portion that is coaxially hung from the lower surface thereof, is smaller than the diameter of the upper columnar body, which is the floating head, and the lower columnar body. The diameter of the horizontal stabilizer provided coaxially in the lower part of the is larger than the upper columnar body of the head, and the buoyancy of the entire floating body is set so that the lower surface of the upper columnar body is below the water surface. It constitutes a floating body without two-point waves. Therefore, due to the synergistic effect of the wave forcing force acting on the lower surface of the horizontal stabilizer and the lower surface of the upper columnar body and the wave force acting on the upper surface of the horizontal stabilizer, and the inertial force of the floating body motion, Two wave cycles appear that are not subject to two wave forces. Since the wave period that is not subjected to wave forcing increases, the vertical oscillation amplitude decreases over a wide range of wave periods.
また、水平安定板の存在によって、浮体が上下揺れした
とき、水平安定板の周りの流体運動が大きくなり、上下
揺れに対する付加質量が大きくなる。このため排水量が
小さい浮体で、上下揺れ固有周期が長くなる。また、浮
体の重心が高くなり、復元力が増大する。複数の水平安
定板を設けた構成である為、厚い内実の部材を１つ設け
る場合に比べ、各水平安定板の面積は小さくて済み、経
済的であり、かつ長寿命となる。Further, due to the presence of the horizontal stabilizer, when the floating body swings up and down, the fluid motion around the horizontal stabilizer becomes large, and the added mass to the vertical swing becomes large. For this reason, in a floating body with a small amount of drainage, the vertical oscillation period becomes long. In addition, the center of gravity of the floating body becomes high, and the restoring force increases. Since a plurality of horizontal stabilizers are provided, the area of each horizontal stabilizer is smaller than that in the case where one thick solid member is provided, which is economical and has a long life.
垂直板の作用については次のとうりである。The action of the vertical plate is as follows.
垂直安定板を有しない浮体の場合は容易に水平回転運動
を生ずるが、一端に垂直方向安定板を付加することによ
り、流れによる力と波力の合力の方向に姿勢を維持する
ことができる。In the case of a floating body that does not have a vertical stabilizer, horizontal rotation is easily generated, but by adding a vertical stabilizer to one end, it is possible to maintain the posture in the direction of the resultant force of wave force and wave force.
［実施例］ 以下、本発明を図示の実施例について説明する。[Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to illustrated examples.
第１図において、浮魚礁を構成する２点波無し浮体10
は、浮体頭部としての上部柱状体１と、浮体脚部として
上部柱状体１の下面に同軸的に垂下させた下部柱状体２
とを有し、下部柱状体２の下方部には同軸的に水平安定
板3,4が上下に所定距離だけ離して設けてある。上部柱
状体１の径D1、下部柱状体２の径D2、水平安定板3,4の
径D3、D4は、浮体10を２点波無し浮体として機能させる
ため、D2＜D1＜D3,D4の大小関係に定めてある。この場
合、上部柱状体1,下部柱状体２及び水平安定板3,4の水
平断面形状は、多角形の任意の形状であってよいが、本
実施例では、柱状構造物の中で抗力係数が最小であるの
は円柱であることを考慮し、上部柱状体１及び下部柱状
体２については共に密封円筒とし、水平安定板3,4につ
いては円板状としてある。尚、下部柱状体２の下端は、
係留索５を介してアンカーに係留される。In Fig. 1, the floating body without two-point waves constituting the floating reef 10
Is an upper columnar body 1 serving as a floating body head, and a lower columnar body 2 serving as a floating body leg portion and coaxially depending on the lower surface of the upper columnar body 1.
In the lower part of the lower columnar body 2, horizontal stabilizers 3 and 4 are coaxially provided at a distance of up and down. Diameter D 1 of the upper pillar 1, the diameter D 2 of the lower pillar 2, the diameter D 3, D 4 of the horizontal stabilizer 3 and 4, for functioning floating body 10 as no two points wave floating, D 2 <D It is defined as the size relation of 1 <D 3 , D 4 . In this case, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the upper columnar body 1, the lower columnar body 2, and the horizontal stabilizers 3 and 4 may be any polygonal shape, but in the present embodiment, the drag coefficient among the columnar structures is set. Considering that the minimum is a column, the upper column 1 and the lower column 2 are both sealed cylinders, and the horizontal stabilizers 3 and 4 are disc-shaped. The lower end of the lower columnar body 2 is
It is moored to the anchor via the mooring line 5.
上記浮体10の全体の浮力設定は、上部柱状体１の下面、
つまり下部柱状体２との段差部が、水面下に来るように
設定をして、２点波無し浮体を構成する。すなわち、上
部柱状体１からこれより小径の下部柱状体２を垂下させ
て上部柱状体１の下面に上向きの浮力を浮ける下平面部
を形成すると共に、その下平面部の下方に上下方向の浮
力を浮ける水平安定板3,4が配置されることになる。こ
こでは、上部柱状体１と上部安定板３との距離をH1、上
部安定板３と下部安定板４との間隔をH2、水面から上部
柱状体１の下面までの距離をH0、水面から下部安定板４
までの距離をＨで表してある。浮力自体は、浮体10の重
量，係留索重量，付着生物重量等の合計に若干の余剰浮
力を見込む程度の浮力が確保されればよい。その他、浮
体10の全体的な形状は、浮体の静的安定性をよくするた
め浮心を高く重心を低くすること、付着生物対策の観点
から単純で凹凸の少ない構造が望ましいこと、等の点を
も考慮して決定される。The buoyancy of the floating body 10 as a whole is set on the lower surface of the upper columnar body 1,
In other words, the two-point waveless floating body is configured by setting the step portion with the lower columnar body 2 to be below the water surface. That is, a lower columnar body 2 having a smaller diameter than the upper columnar body 1 is hung so as to form a lower plane portion for floating upward buoyancy on the lower surface of the upper columnar body 1, and a vertical plane below the lower plane portion. Horizontal stabilizers 3 and 4 that float buoyancy will be arranged. Here, the distance between the upper pillar 1 and the upper stabilizer 3 is H 1 , the distance between the upper stabilizer 3 and the lower stabilizer 4 is H 2 , the distance from the water surface to the lower surface of the upper pillar 1 is H 0 , From the water surface to the lower stabilizer 4
The distance to is represented by H. As for the buoyancy, the buoyancy may be secured to the extent that a slight excess buoyancy is expected in the total of the weight of the floating body 10, the weight of the mooring line, the weight of attached organisms and the like. In addition, the overall shape of the floating body 10 is such that the floating center is high and the center of gravity is low in order to improve the static stability of the floating body, and that a simple structure with few irregularities is desirable from the viewpoint of adhered organisms, etc. Is also taken into consideration.
次に作用について説明する。Next, the operation will be described.
波力は水面下の下方向に行くほど小さくなり、この上下
方向の波力は、上向きの力と下向きの力に分けられる。
従って、上記浮体10は、水面下の深さ方向に異なる位置
に、３つの作用面を有することになる。１つは上部柱状
体１の下面であり、１つは上部安定板３の上面であり、
１つは下部安定板４の下面である。他に、上部安定板３
の下面と下部安定板４の上面があるが、波力の影響が少
ないとしてここでは無視することにする。The wave force becomes smaller as it goes downward below the water surface, and this wave force in the up and down direction is divided into an upward force and a downward force.
Therefore, the floating body 10 has three working surfaces at different positions in the depth direction below the water surface. One is the lower surface of the upper columnar body 1, one is the upper surface of the upper stabilizer 3,
One is the lower surface of the lower stabilizer 4. Besides, upper stabilizer 3
Although there is a lower surface of the above and an upper surface of the lower stabilizer 4, they are ignored here because they are less affected by the wave force.
第３図において、実線の曲線Ａは上部安定板３の上面に
波力が作用する下向きの力であり、点線の曲線Ｂは下部
安定板４の下面に作用する上向きの力、実線の曲線Ｃは
上部柱状体１の下面に作用する上向きの力である。従っ
て、上部柱状体１の下面が存在しない場合、つまり曲線
Ｃの上向き力がない場合には、両曲線A,Bは一点で交わ
るだけとなり、１種類の波周期でのみ上下波力を相殺し
合うだけ（一点波なし浮体）となる。In FIG. 3, a solid curve A is a downward force acting on the upper surface of the upper stabilizer 3, and a dotted curve B is an upward force acting on the lower surface of the lower stabilizer 4, and a solid curve C. Is an upward force acting on the lower surface of the upper columnar body 1. Therefore, when the lower surface of the upper columnar body 1 does not exist, that is, when there is no upward force of the curve C, the curves A and B only intersect at one point, and the vertical wave forces are canceled by only one type of wave period. Only fits (floating body without single-point wave).
ところが、上部柱状体１の下面に働く曲線Ｃの上向き力
をも考慮した場合には、上向き力の合計は、曲線B,Cの
加算として、曲線Ｄで示すように曲線Ｂより尻上がりと
なって、曲線Ｄと曲線Ａとが二点で交わる形態（二点波
なし浮体）となり、その２種類の波周期では上下の波力
が相殺し合って、上下方向の波力を受けなくなる。つま
り、上部柱状体１と下部柱状体２との境界に下部柱状体
２側が小径の段差部を形成すると、上部柱状体１の下面
に作用する波力が浮体全体に働く波力を小さくするよう
に働き、２つ目の波力を受けない波周期が現れる。波力
を受けない周波期が増えて２つとなるため、第３図に斜
線で示すように、その２種類の周波期の間、つまり一点
波なし浮体よりも広範囲の波周期において、上下方向の
波力が相殺されて浮体の動揺が小さくなる。尚、波の位
相が異なっても、それぞれに働く力は逆向きとなり、同
様の効果を発揮する。However, when the upward force of the curve C acting on the lower surface of the upper columnar body 1 is also taken into consideration, the total of the upward forces is the addition of the curves B and C, and is higher than the curve B as shown by the curve D. , The curve D and the curve A intersect at two points (a two-point waveless floating body), and in the two types of wave cycles, the upper and lower wave forces cancel each other out, and the wave force in the up and down direction is not received. That is, when a step portion having a small diameter on the lower columnar body 2 side is formed at the boundary between the upper columnar body 1 and the lower columnar body 2, the wave force acting on the lower surface of the upper columnar body 1 reduces the wave force acting on the entire floating body. , A second wave cycle appears that does not receive the second wave force. Since the number of frequency periods that do not receive wave force increases to two, as shown by the diagonal lines in Fig. 3, during the two types of frequency periods, that is, in the wave period wider than the single point wave floating body, the vertical direction The wave forces are canceled out and the sway of the floating body is reduced. Even if the phases of the waves are different, the forces acting on them are in opposite directions, and the same effect is exhibited.
上下の２点波無し浮体10の寸法は各海域の波浪環境に最
適な動揺性能を得るように定めることができるものであ
る。例えば、沖縄県近海で使用される浮魚礁の概略寸法
としては、下部柱状体２の径D2が1.6mφ、上部柱状体１
の径D1が3.2mφ、安定板３、４の径D3が6.4mφ、上部柱
状体１と上部安定板３との距離H1が5.6m、上部安定板３
と下部安定板４との間隔H2が1.6m、水面から上部柱状体
１の下面までの距離H0が2.4m程度とするのがよい。The dimensions of the upper and lower two-point waveless floating body 10 can be determined so as to obtain optimum sway performance in the wave environment of each sea area. For example, the approximate dimensions of a floating reef used in the waters near Okinawa are: the diameter D 2 of the lower column 2 is 1.6 mφ and the upper column 1
Has a diameter D 1 of 3.2 mφ, stabilizers 3 and 4 have a diameter D 3 of 6.4 mφ, a distance H 1 between the upper columnar body 1 and the upper stabilizer 3 is 5.6 m, and an upper stabilizer 3
The distance H 2 between the lower stabilizer 4 and the lower stabilizer 4 is 1.6 m, and the distance H 0 from the water surface to the lower surface of the upper columnar body 1 is about 2.4 m.
上記２点波無し浮体としての作用ないし働きにより浮体
の動揺が低減されるので、係留索５にかかる負荷が軽減
し、その耐用年数の長期化が図られる。Since the motion of the floating body without the two-point wave is reduced, the sway of the floating body is reduced, so that the load on the mooring line 5 is reduced and the service life thereof is extended.
また、浮体の周囲に網などを用いた付加物を装備させた
場合には、付着生物の発生及び成長により浮魚礁本体の
周辺環境への馴化が期待し得るが、浮体の耐用年数の長
期化の観点からは、維持管理が煩雑になるなど、かえっ
て不都合が生じる。このことに対して、本発明の浮魚礁
は、付加物の装着を避け比較的単純な形状としたため、
付着生物が発生する余地が少ない。従って、付着生物の
発生による浮体の重量変化が少なく、長期に亘って最適
な動揺性能を維持できる。In addition, if a floating net is equipped around the floating body with additional materials, it may be possible to acclimate to the surrounding environment of the body of the floating reef due to the growth and growth of attached organisms, but the life of the floating body is extended. From the point of view of the above, inconvenience may occur, such as complicated maintenance. On the other hand, since the floating reef of the present invention has a relatively simple shape avoiding attachment of an additional object,
There is little room for attachment organisms. Therefore, the change in the weight of the floating body due to the generation of attached organisms is small, and the optimum shaking performance can be maintained for a long period of time.
第２図は、浮魚礁周辺の漁場は潮流の上流側に形成され
ることが多いという経験的事実に鑑み、安定板3,4の一
端に、垂直安定板６を付加することにより、浮体10の姿
勢を常に一方向、つまり上流側に向くようにした例を示
す。垂直安定板を有しない浮体の場合は容易に水平回転
運動を生ずるが、一端に垂直安定板６を付加することに
より、流れによる力と波力の合力の方向に姿勢を維持す
ることができる。また、垂直安定板６の垂直尾翼効果に
より、浮体10の動揺面が一定し、係留索５のネジレ、カ
ラミの防止を図ることができる。特に、下部柱状体２の
下流側直近では、下部柱状体２による流れの陰が発生
し、その後方にはカルマン渦が所定の間隔ごとに連続的
に発生する。このため、垂直安定板６が下部柱状体２に
直接取り付けられている場合には浮遊姿勢制御に十分な
流速が得られず、カルマン渦の発生を抑えて所定の姿勢
制御効果を得ようとすれば、垂直安定板６の面積をそれ
だけ大きくとる必要が生じ、浮体全体の重量配分が不均
一になる。In view of the empirical fact that fishing grounds around floating reefs are often formed upstream of tidal currents, Fig. 2 shows the structure of floating body 10 by adding vertical stabilizer 6 to one end of stabilizers 3 and 4. An example is shown in which the posture of is always directed in one direction, that is, the upstream side. In the case of a floating body that does not have a vertical stabilizer, horizontal rotation motion is easily generated, but by adding the vertical stabilizer 6 at one end, it is possible to maintain the posture in the direction of the resultant force of wave force and wave force. In addition, the vertical stabilizer effect of the vertical stabilizer 6 makes the swaying surface of the floating body 10 constant, and can prevent the mooring line 5 from twisting and becoming entangled. In particular, in the immediate vicinity of the downstream side of the lower columnar body 2, a shadow of the flow due to the lower columnar body 2 is generated, and Karman vortices are continuously generated behind it at predetermined intervals. Therefore, when the vertical stabilizer 6 is directly attached to the lower columnar body 2, a sufficient flow velocity cannot be obtained for floating posture control, and it is possible to suppress the generation of Karman vortices and obtain a predetermined posture control effect. In this case, it becomes necessary to increase the area of the vertical stabilizer 6 so that the weight distribution of the entire floating body becomes uneven.
図２に示すように、垂直安定板６が下部柱状体２から一
定の距離を隔てて水平安定板3,4に取り付けられていれ
ば、下部柱状体２の流れの陰に影響されることがなく、
浮遊姿勢制御効果に十分な流速が得られ、カルマン渦の
発生を抑える垂直安定板６を必要最少限面積で配置で
き、浮体全体の重量配分を均一化できる。魚群探知器を
垂直安定板６と反対側に前下方に向けて配設し、上部柱
状体１内に設けた送信機及び上部柱状体上に設けた送信
アンテナを介して、探知した魚群データを送信できるよ
うに構成する。このように構成することにより、幾つか
の浮体10の１つから魚群発見の信号を受信したときは、
その浮体10の前方に魚群の存在場所を特定できる。換言
すれば、従来は浮体の全周について魚群監視が必要であ
ったのが、それと同様の効果を浮体前方（概略120゜）
のみの監視で得ることができる。従って、魚群監視シス
テムのコストが概ね１／３に低減できる。As shown in FIG. 2, if the vertical stabilizer 6 is attached to the horizontal stabilizers 3 and 4 at a certain distance from the lower columnar body 2, it may be affected by the shadow of the flow of the lower columnar body 2. Without
A flow velocity sufficient for the floating attitude control effect can be obtained, and the vertical stabilizer 6 that suppresses the generation of Karman vortices can be arranged in a necessary minimum area, and the weight distribution of the entire floating body can be made uniform. A fish finder is arranged on the side opposite to the vertical stabilizer 6 facing the front lower side, and the detected fish school data is transmitted via the transmitter provided in the upper column 1 and the transmission antenna provided on the upper column. Configure to send. With this configuration, when a signal for finding a school of fish is received from one of several floating bodies 10,
The location of the fish school can be specified in front of the floating body 10. In other words, in the past it was necessary to monitor the school of fish around the entire circumference of the floating body, but the same effect as that was observed in front of the floating body (approximately 120 °).
Can only be obtained by monitoring. Therefore, the cost of the fish school monitoring system can be reduced to about 1/3.
上記実施例では、横断面形状が円である軸対称浮体とし
たが、横断面の形状を矩形等に変形することができ、そ
のような形状であっても、浮体の動揺特性は軸対称浮体
の場合と変わらない。また、安定板の枚数も２枚以上に
増やしたり、安定板に穴を設けたりすることにより、環
境条件及び使用目的に適合した動揺特性を計画すること
ができる。In the above-described embodiment, the axisymmetric floating body having a circular cross-sectional shape is used, but the shape of the cross-section can be modified into a rectangle or the like. Even with such a shape, the floating characteristic of the floating body is axisymmetric floating body. Is the same as Also, by increasing the number of stabilizers to two or more, or by providing holes in the stabilizers, it is possible to plan the vibration characteristics suitable for the environmental conditions and the purpose of use.
［発明の効果］ 以上要するに本発明によれば、次の如き優れた効果を発
揮する。[Effects of the Invention] In summary, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.
（１）上部柱状体の下面にこれより小径の下部柱状体を
垂下させて上部柱状体の下面に上向きの浮力を受ける下
平面部を形成すると共に下部柱状体に上下方向の浮力を
浮ける水平安定板を設けて２点波無し浮体を構成したの
で、浮体の動揺が低減され、係留索の負担が軽減し、耐
用年数の長期化を図ることができる。(1) A lower columnar body having a smaller diameter is hung on the lower surface of the upper columnar body to form a lower flat surface portion on the lower surface of the upper columnar body which receives upward buoyancy, and at the same time a horizontal buoyancy floating on the lower columnar body. Since the two-point waveless floating body is configured by providing the stabilizing plate, the sway of the floating body is reduced, the burden on the mooring line is reduced, and the service life can be extended.
（２）垂直安定板が下部柱状体から一定の距離を隔てて
水平安定板に取り付けられ、浮体の流れの陰に影響され
ることがなく、浮遊姿勢制御効果に十分な流速が得ら
れ、カルマン渦の発生を抑える垂直安定板を必要最少限
面積で配置でき、浮体全体の重量配分を均一化できる。(2) The vertical stabilizer is attached to the horizontal stabilizer at a certain distance from the lower columnar body, is not affected by the shadow of the flow of the floating body, and has a sufficient flow velocity for the floating attitude control effect. The vertical stabilizer that suppresses the generation of vortices can be arranged in the minimum required area, and the weight distribution of the entire floating body can be made uniform.
第１図は本発明の一実施例における浮魚礁の浮体を示す
側面図、第２図は本発明の他の実施例における浮体の側
面図、第３図は二点波なし浮体の各部にかかる上向き・
下向き力と波周波数との関係を示す図、第４図及び第５
図はそれぞれ従来の浮魚礁を示す図である。 図中、１は上部柱状体、２は下部柱状体、3,4は水平安
定板、５は係留索、６は垂直安定板を示す。FIG. 1 is a side view showing a floating body of a floating reef according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of a floating body according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. Upwards
Diagrams showing the relationship between the downward force and the wave frequency, FIGS. 4 and 5
Each of the figures is a diagram showing a conventional floating reef. In the figure, 1 is an upper columnar body, 2 is a lower columnar body, 3 and 4 are horizontal stabilizers, 5 is a mooring rope, and 6 is a vertical stabilizer.
Claims (1)
体を水面に設置し脚部を係留索を用いてアンカーに係留
した浮魚礁において、浮体の頭部を上部柱状体として形
成すると共に、該上部柱状体の下面からこれより小径の
下部柱状体を前記脚部として同軸的に垂下させて前記上
部柱状体の下面に上向きの浮力を受ける下平面部を形成
し、前記下部柱状体に上下方向の浮力を受けるべく前記
上部柱状体よりも大径の複数の水平安定板を上下に所定
の間隔を隔てて同軸的に設けると共に該水平安定板に下
部柱状体より所定の距離を隔てて垂直安定板を設けたこ
とを特徴とする浮魚礁。1. A floating fish reef in which a vertical two-point waveless floating body having a head and legs is installed on the water surface and the legs are moored to anchors using mooring lines, and the head of the floating body is used as an upper columnar body. The lower columnar body having a diameter smaller than the lower columnar body is coaxially hung from the lower surface of the upper columnar body as the leg portion to form a lower plane portion for receiving upward buoyancy on the lower surface of the upper columnar body. A plurality of horizontal stabilizers having a diameter larger than that of the upper columnar body are coaxially provided at upper and lower sides at predetermined intervals to receive vertical buoyancy on the columnar body, and the horizontal stabilizers have a predetermined distance from the lower columnar body. A floating reef characterized by having a vertical stabilizer separated by.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63255787A JPH0667295B2 (en) | 1988-10-13 | 1988-10-13 | Floating reef |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63255787A JPH0667295B2 (en) | 1988-10-13 | 1988-10-13 | Floating reef |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02104228A JPH02104228A (en) | 1990-04-17 |
| JPH0667295B2 true JPH0667295B2 (en) | 1994-08-31 |
Family
ID=17283626
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63255787A Expired - Lifetime JPH0667295B2 (en) | 1988-10-13 | 1988-10-13 | Floating reef |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0667295B2 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52102186A (en) * | 1976-02-16 | 1977-08-26 | Kowa Co | Sea bottom stock farms |
| JPS6315771B2 (en) * | 1981-07-16 | 1988-04-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | |
| JPS63188338A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1988-08-03 | 旭化成株式会社 | Float fish bank |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0335097Y2 (en) * | 1986-07-16 | 1991-07-25 |
-
1988
- 1988-10-13 JP JP63255787A patent/JPH0667295B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52102186A (en) * | 1976-02-16 | 1977-08-26 | Kowa Co | Sea bottom stock farms |
| JPS6315771B2 (en) * | 1981-07-16 | 1988-04-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | |
| JPS63188338A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1988-08-03 | 旭化成株式会社 | Float fish bank |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02104228A (en) | 1990-04-17 |
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