JPH0662684A - Thermal sterilizer for liquid fertilizer for solution culture - Google Patents
Thermal sterilizer for liquid fertilizer for solution cultureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0662684A JPH0662684A JP4231627A JP23162792A JPH0662684A JP H0662684 A JPH0662684 A JP H0662684A JP 4231627 A JP4231627 A JP 4231627A JP 23162792 A JP23162792 A JP 23162792A JP H0662684 A JPH0662684 A JP H0662684A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid fertilizer
- heating
- tank
- heat exchange
- heated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y02P60/216—
Landscapes
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は養液栽培用液肥の殺菌・
加熱・冷却装置および当該装置を使用する方法に関す
る。The present invention relates to the sterilization of liquid fertilizer for hydroponics.
The present invention relates to a heating / cooling device and a method of using the device.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】本出願人は、養液栽培用の液肥の加熱殺
菌装置について特許出願をなしたもので(特開平3-1279
18号公報) 、その発明は、栽培ベッドから戻る液肥( 養
液) を貯える貯液タンク、貯液タンクの液肥を熱交換タ
ンク内に配設された熱交換パイプへ給送するポンプ、液
肥を貯え、かつ、該液肥中に熱交換パイプを配設して成
る水対水式熱交換器を内部に収納する熱交換タンク、下
方部および上方部が配管により熱交換パイプの出口およ
び配管により熱交換タンクの上方部に接続され、内部に
加熱手段を収納する加熱槽、熱交換タンクの下方部と配
管によって接続され、配管を通し栽培ベッドへ液肥を供
給する給液タンクを具備し、水対水式熱交換器において
貯液タンクの液肥と、加熱槽内で加熱され殺菌された液
肥とが熱交換を行う構成のものである。2. Description of the Related Art The applicant of the present invention has filed a patent application for a heat sterilizer for liquid fertilizer for hydroponics (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-1279).
No. 18), the invention relates to a liquid storage tank for storing liquid fertilizer (nutrient liquid) returning from the cultivation bed, a pump for feeding the liquid fertilizer in the liquid storage tank to a heat exchange pipe arranged in the heat exchange tank, and a liquid fertilizer. A heat exchange tank for storing and internally storing a water-to-water heat exchanger in which a heat exchange pipe is arranged in the liquid fertilizer, a lower part and an upper part are connected by piping, and heat is transferred by the outlet and piping of the heat exchange pipe. It is equipped with a heating tank connected to the upper part of the exchange tank and housing the heating means inside, a liquid supply tank connected to the lower part of the heat exchange tank by a pipe, and supplying liquid fertilizer to the cultivation bed through the pipe. In the water heat exchanger, the liquid fertilizer in the liquid storage tank and the liquid fertilizer heated and sterilized in the heating tank exchange heat.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記した装置は現に使
用中で特に問題はないのであるが、本願の発明者らは、
現に設備された前記装置をさらに有効に使用すること、
より具体的にいうと当該装置に栽培ベッドに供給する液
肥の加熱および冷却ならびに栽培ベッドそれ自体の殺菌
の機能を併せもたせることを考えた。The above-mentioned device is actually in use, and there is no particular problem.
To make more effective use of the device as it is currently installed,
More specifically, it was considered that the apparatus had the functions of heating and cooling the liquid fertilizer supplied to the cultivation bed and sterilizing the cultivation bed itself.
【0004】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の装置は、第2タ
ンク(22)からポンプ(23)により配管を経て栽培ベッド(2
4)へ液肥が供給され、栽培ベッド(24)を出た液肥は配管
(20J) を経て第1タンク(21)へ導かれる養液栽培用液肥
の加熱殺菌装置であって、加熱部(11)、熱交換部(12)お
よび冷却部(13)を含み、第1タンク(21)に貯えられた液
肥をポンプ(14)を介して配管(20A) により入口(16)を経
て熱交換部(12)内に設けられた水対水式熱交換器(12A)
の一方に連結し、他方を配管(20B) により加熱部(11)に
連結し、出口(17)へ連結される配管(20K) に3方向に切
り換える四方弁(15)を取付け、該四方弁(15)によって加
熱部(11)から熱交換部(12)、冷却部(13)を経て出口(17)
へと配管(20C) 、(20D) 、(20G) で連結される第一経路
と、加熱部(11)から熱交換部(12)の一部を通過し出口(1
7)へと配管(20C, 20E)で連結される第二経路と、加熱部
(11)から配管(20F) により出口(17)へ連結される第三経
路とにそれぞれ流路が切り換えられる経路構成とし、出
口(17)を経た液肥は第2タンク(22)へ貯えられることを
特徴とする。The apparatus of the present invention comprises a cultivation bed (2) from a second tank (22) through a pipe by a pump (23).
Liquid fertilizer is supplied to 4), and liquid fertilizer leaving the cultivation bed (24) is piped.
A heating and sterilizing apparatus for liquid fertilizer for nutrient culture, which is led to a first tank (21) via (20J), including a heating unit (11), a heat exchange unit (12) and a cooling unit (13). The liquid fertilizer stored in the tank (21) is installed in the heat exchange part (12) through the inlet (16) via the pump (14), the pipe (20A) and the pipe (20A), and the water-to-water heat exchanger (12A) is installed.
A four-way valve (15) for switching in three directions is attached to the pipe (20K) connected to the outlet (17) by connecting the other to the heating part (11) by the pipe (20B), and the four-way valve Outlet (17) from heating section (11) through heat exchange section (12), cooling section (13) by (15)
To the first path, which is connected by pipes (20C), (20D), and (20G), and through the heating section (11) and part of the heat exchange section (12) to the outlet (1
7) 2nd path connected to the piping by (20C, 20E) and heating section
The flow path should be switched from (11) to the third path connected to the outlet (17) by the pipe (20F), and the liquid fertilizer passing through the outlet (17) should be stored in the second tank (22). Is characterized by.
【0005】本発明の液肥の殺菌・冷却方法は、養液栽
培用の液肥を第1タンク(21)から入口(16)を経て熱交換
部(12)に導きそこで加温し、前記加温された液肥を加熱
部(11)でさらに加熱して殺菌し、前記加熱した液肥を熱
交換部(12)で熱交換させて降温し、前記降温した液肥を
冷却部(13)で冷却し、前記冷却した液肥を出口(17)を経
て第2タンク(22)に貯え、次いで栽培ベッド(24)へ供給
することを特徴とする。In the method for sterilizing and cooling liquid fertilizer of the present invention, liquid fertilizer for hydroponics is introduced from the first tank (21) to the heat exchange section (12) through the inlet (16) and heated there, and the heating is performed. The heated liquid fertilizer is further heated and sterilized by the heating unit (11), the heated liquid fertilizer is heat-exchanged by the heat exchange unit (12) to lower the temperature, and the cooled liquid fertilizer is cooled by the cooling unit (13), The cooled liquid fertilizer is stored in the second tank (22) through the outlet (17) and then supplied to the cultivation bed (24).
【0006】本発明の液肥の殺菌・加温方法は、養液栽
培用の液肥を第1タンク(21)から入口(16)を経て熱交換
部(12)に導きそこで加温し、前記加温された液肥を加熱
部(11)でさらに加熱して殺菌し、前記加熱された液肥を
熱交換部で部分的に熱交換させて所定の温度まで降温
し、前記降温した液肥を冷却部(13)で冷却することなく
出口(17)を経て第2タンク(22)に貯え、次いで栽培ベッ
ド(24)へ供給することを特徴とする。In the method for sterilizing and heating liquid fertilizer of the present invention, the liquid fertilizer for hydroponics is introduced from the first tank (21) to the heat exchange section (12) through the inlet (16) and heated there, and the heating is performed. The heated liquid fertilizer is further heated and sterilized by the heating unit (11), the heated liquid fertilizer is partially heat-exchanged in the heat exchange unit to lower the temperature to a predetermined temperature, and the cooled liquid fertilizer is cooled ( It is characterized in that it is stored in the second tank (22) through the outlet (17) without being cooled in 13) and then supplied to the cultivation bed (24).
【0007】さらに本発明の養液栽培用の栽培ベッドの
殺菌方法は、養液栽培用液肥を入口(16)から熱交換部(1
2)を経て加熱部(11)に導き、加熱部で所定の温度にまで
加熱し、前記所定の温度にまで加熱した液肥を出口(17)
を経て第2タンク(22)へ貯え、第2タンク(22)から加熱
した液肥を栽培ベッド(24)へ供給して該栽培ベッドの殺
菌に用いることを特徴とする。Further, in the method for sterilizing a cultivation bed for hydroponic culture of the present invention, liquid fertilizer for hydroponic culture is fed from the inlet (16) to the heat exchange section (1).
2) through the heating section (11), heated to a predetermined temperature in the heating section, the liquid fertilizer heated to the predetermined temperature outlet (17)
It is characterized in that it is stored in the second tank (22) via the above, and the heated liquid fertilizer is supplied from the second tank (22) to the cultivation bed (24) and used for sterilization of the cultivation bed.
【0008】[0008]
【作用】本発明の装置10は加熱部11、熱交換部12、冷却
部13を含むもので、装置10は四方弁15を用いることによ
り配管をそれぞれ切替えることが可能であり、熱交換部
12は第1タンク21から入る液肥に対し第1の加温をな
し、加熱部11は第2の加温をなし、第2の加温をなした
液肥は熱交換部12で入口17よりきた液肥に熱を与えて降
温し、この降温した液肥は冷却部13で冷却されまたは冷
却されないで第2タンク22に貯えられ、第2タンク22に
貯えられれた液肥が栽培ベッドへ供給される構成となっ
ている。The device 10 of the present invention includes a heating part 11, a heat exchanging part 12, and a cooling part 13. The device 10 can switch pipes by using a four-way valve 15, and the heat exchanging part can be changed.
12 is the first heating of the liquid fertilizer entering from the first tank 21, the heating unit 11 is the second heating, the second heating liquid fertilizer came from the inlet 17 at the heat exchange unit 12. The liquid fertilizer is heated to lower the temperature, and the liquid fertilizer thus cooled is stored in the second tank 22 with or without being cooled in the cooling unit 13, and the liquid fertilizer stored in the second tank 22 is supplied to the cultivation bed. Has become.
【0009】上記した装置10を使用する方法には3つの
態様があり、殺菌・冷却に用いるには、液肥を冷却部13
でほぼ20℃に冷却し、それを栽培ベッド24へ供給して栽
培ベッドをほぼ25℃の適温に維持する。There are three modes of using the above-mentioned apparatus 10. For sterilization and cooling, liquid fertilizer is cooled by the cooling unit 13
To about 20 ° C. and supply it to the cultivation bed 24 to maintain the cultivation bed at an appropriate temperature of about 25 ° C.
【0010】また、液肥を殺菌・加温に用いるには、加
熱部11で加熱された液肥を熱交換部で所定の温度( ほぼ
30℃) まで降温し、それを冷却することなく栽培ベッド
24へ供給するので、液肥は殺菌されるだけでなく栽培ベ
ッドを加温するに用いられる。In order to use the liquid fertilizer for sterilization and heating, the liquid fertilizer heated in the heating section 11 is heated to a predetermined temperature (approximately in the heat exchange section).
Cultivate bed without cooling it to 30 ℃)
Since it is supplied to 24, the liquid fertilizer is not only sterilized but also used for heating the cultivation bed.
【0011】本発明の第3実施例においては、加熱部11
で液肥を60℃程度まで加熱し、それを第2タンク22を経
て作物の存在しない栽培ベッド24へ供給し、それによっ
て栽培ベッド24中に存在する病原菌を殺菌するもので、
この60℃の温度は、約60分かけると殺菌に十分で、か
つ、栽培ベッドを構成するプラスチック材の軟化を発生
させない温度であるので、殺菌は栽培ベッド24を損うこ
となく実現されるのである。In the third embodiment of the present invention, the heating unit 11
The liquid fertilizer is heated to about 60 ° C. with the second tank 22 and is supplied to the cultivation bed 24 where there is no crop, thereby sterilizing the pathogenic bacteria present in the cultivation bed 24.
The temperature of 60 ° C. is sufficient for sterilization when it takes about 60 minutes, and since it is a temperature that does not cause softening of the plastic material forming the cultivating bed, sterilization is realized without damaging the cultivating bed 24. is there.
【0012】[0012]
【実施例】以下、本発明を図示の実施例により具体的に
説明する。図1は本発明の装置の基本的な配置を示す模
式図で、図中、二点鎖線で囲み符号10で示す部分は本発
明にかかる装置、11は加熱部、12は熱交換部、13は冷却
部、14は液肥を装置10内に流すためのポンプ、15は四方
弁、16は入口、17は出口、20A, 20B・・・20K は配管、
21は処理前の液肥( 養液ともいう。) を貯える第1タン
ク、22は処理後の液肥を貯える第2タンク、23は液肥を
栽培ベッドに循環させるためのポンプ、24は栽培ベッ
ド、25は作物である。なお、栽培ベッド24には配管20J
に代えて排出口26を配置することができる。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic arrangement of the device of the present invention. In the figure, the part surrounded by a chain double-dashed line and shown by reference numeral 10 is the device according to the present invention, 11 is a heating part, 12 is a heat exchange part, 13 Is a cooling unit, 14 is a pump for flowing liquid fertilizer into the apparatus 10, 15 is a four-way valve, 16 is an inlet, 17 is an outlet, 20A, 20B ... 20K is piping,
21 is a first tank for storing liquid fertilizer before treatment (also called nutrient solution), 22 is a second tank for storing liquid fertilizer after treatment, 23 is a pump for circulating the liquid fertilizer to the cultivation bed, 24 is a cultivation bed, 25 Is a crop. The cultivation bed 24 has 20J of piping.
Alternatively, the discharge port 26 can be arranged.
【0013】加熱部11は、入口16からポンプ14によって
熱交換部12へ送られ熱交換部で加温された液肥をさらに
加熱する部分で、加熱には電気ヒータまたは油焚きバー
ナの如き知られた加熱手段を用いる。The heating part 11 is a part for further heating the liquid fertilizer sent from the inlet 16 to the heat exchange part 12 by the pump 14 and heated in the heat exchange part, and is known for heating such as an electric heater or an oil-fired burner. The heating means is used.
【0014】熱交換部12は本出願人が製造販売する水対
水式熱交換器12A を内蔵する部分で、入口16から送られ
てきた液肥は熱交換部12で加熱部11で加熱された液肥と
熱交換して加温され、さらに加熱部11で加熱されて殺菌
される一方で、加熱部11でさらに加熱された液肥は熱交
換部12でポンプ14により供給される液肥と熱交換して降
温する。The heat exchange section 12 is a section containing a water-to-water heat exchanger 12A manufactured and sold by the present applicant, and the liquid fertilizer sent from the inlet 16 is heated by the heating section 11 in the heat exchange section 12. The liquid fertilizer is heated by heat exchange with the liquid fertilizer, and further heated in the heating unit 11 to be sterilized, while the liquid fertilizer further heated in the heating unit 11 exchanges heat with the liquid fertilizer supplied by the pump 14 in the heat exchange unit 12. To lower the temperature.
【0015】液肥の冷却が求められる場合、熱交換部12
から配管20D を経て供給される液肥は冷却部13で冷却さ
れる。冷却部13ではクーラーまたは地下水を用いて冷却
するか、または外気温が低いときはラジエータで外気と
熱交換して液肥を冷却する。When it is required to cool the liquid fertilizer, the heat exchange section 12
Liquid fertilizer supplied from the pipe 20D is cooled by the cooling unit 13. The cooling unit 13 cools the liquid fertilizer by using a cooler or groundwater, or when the outside air temperature is low, heat is exchanged with the outside air by a radiator.
【0016】加温または冷却された液肥は出口17から配
管20H を通って第2タンク22に貯えられ、次いでポンプ
23によって栽培ベッド24へ供給され、栽培ベッド内を矢
印1方向に流され、次いで第1タンク21へ戻される。The heated or cooled liquid fertilizer is stored in the second tank 22 from the outlet 17 through the pipe 20H, and then the pump.
It is supplied to the cultivating bed 24 by 23, flowed in the cultivating bed in the direction of the arrow 1, and then returned to the first tank 21.
【0017】四方弁15は手動または自動切換えとする。
配管の切替は3通りあり、図1に「通常」で示す場合
は、液肥の加熱殺菌後に熱交換して温度を下げ、そのま
ままたはさらに冷却されてから第2タンク22へ送られ
る。図1には冷却部13で冷却される例を示す。The four-way valve 15 is manually or automatically switched.
There are three types of switching of the pipes. In the case of "normal" shown in FIG. 1, the liquid fertilizer is heat-sterilized and then heat-exchanged to lower the temperature, and is sent to the second tank 22 as it is or after further cooling. FIG. 1 shows an example of cooling by the cooling unit 13.
【0018】図1に「加温」で示す場合は、液肥の加熱
殺菌後、熱交換部12の水対水式熱交換器12A の途中まで
熱交換し、液肥は温い状態で破線20E で示す経路を通っ
て四方弁15へ送られ、次いで配管20K を通って第2タン
ク22へ供給される。In the case of "warming" shown in FIG. 1, heat sterilization of the liquid fertilizer is followed by heat exchange up to the middle of the water-to-water heat exchanger 12A of the heat exchange section 12, and the liquid fertilizer is shown in a warm state by a broken line 20E. It is sent to the four-way valve 15 through the path and then supplied to the second tank 22 through the pipe 20K.
【0019】図1に一点鎖線で示す「ベッド殺菌」の場
合は、液肥は加熱後高温のまま配管20F を通って出口17
を経て第2タンク22へ供給され、そこから栽培ベッド24
へ供給される。In the case of "bed sterilization" shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG.
And then supplied to the second tank 22 from which the cultivation bed 24
Is supplied to.
【0020】これまでの説明から理解されるように、図
1の装置は、下記の三つの経路をもつものである。 第一経路 加熱部11→配管20C →熱交換部12→配管20D →冷却部13
→配管20G →四方弁15→配管20K →出口17 第二経路 加熱部11→配管20C →熱交換部12の一部→配管20E →四
方弁15→配管20K →出口17 第三経路 加熱部11→配管20F →四方弁15→配管20K →出口17As can be understood from the above description, the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 has the following three paths. 1st route Heating part 11 → piping 20C → heat exchange part 12 → piping 20D → cooling part 13
→ Piping 20G → Four-way valve 15 → Piping 20K → Outlet 17 Second path heating part 11 → Piping 20C → Part of heat exchange part 12 → Piping 20E → Four-way valve 15 → Piping 20K → Outlet 17 Third path heating part 11 → Piping 20F → 4-way valve 15 → Piping 20K → Exit 17
【0021】図1の装置は、液肥の殺菌の目的のために
だけ使用することができる。この使用例は図2に示さ
れ、それは熱交換部12と加熱部11とを利用して液肥の加
熱殺菌を行うものである。なお、図2以下で水対水式熱
交換器12A は図の簡明化のため省略した。入口16で20℃
の液肥は、配管20A を通りポンプ14で熱交換部12へ送ら
れ加温され、熱交換部12から出るときは75℃に加温さ
れ、配管20B を通って加熱部11に送られそこで80℃に加
熱され、配管20C を経て熱交換部12へ入り、熱交換部内
の20℃の液肥と熱交換した液肥は、栽培ベッド内の温度
は25℃が適温であるので、25℃まで降温され配管20D 、
20G 、四方弁15、配管20K を経て出口17から第2タンク
22へ導かれる。この使用例は前掲した特許出願の発明の
使用形態と同じである。この場合、配管20D と20G との
間に配置された冷却部13は運転OFFとし、液肥は通過
するだけである。The device of FIG. 1 can only be used for the purpose of sterilizing liquid manure. An example of this use is shown in FIG. 2, which utilizes the heat exchange section 12 and the heating section 11 to perform heat sterilization of liquid fertilizer. It should be noted that the water-to-water heat exchanger 12A is omitted in FIGS. 2 and below for the sake of simplicity. 20 ° C at inlet 16
The liquid fertilizer is sent to the heat exchange section 12 by the pump 14 through the pipe 20A to be heated, and when it exits the heat exchange section 12, it is heated to 75 ° C and is sent to the heating section 11 through the pipe 20B. The liquid fertilizer that has been heated to ℃, enters the heat exchange unit 12 via the pipe 20C, and exchanges heat with the liquid fertilizer at 20 ° C in the heat exchange unit.The temperature in the cultivation bed is 25 ° C, so the liquid fertilizer is cooled to 25 ° C. Pipe 20D,
2nd tank from outlet 17 via 20G, four-way valve 15, piping 20K
Guided to 22. This use example is the same as the use form of the invention of the above-mentioned patent application. In this case, the cooling unit 13 arranged between the pipes 20D and 20G is turned off, and the liquid fertilizer only passes through.
【0022】この使用例で出口17の液肥の温度は入口16
における液肥温度よりも若干(5〜10℃)上昇する。上
昇率は熱交換器の容量により変わるが、100 %近い熱交
換は実用上不可能である。この5℃〜10℃の温度上昇が
あるため、冬期のように栽培ベッド24からある程度の放
熱がある場合やロックウール栽培のように処理する液肥
が少量で液肥の温度が栽培ベッドに与える影響が小さい
場合にこの方法を使用する。In this use example, the temperature of the liquid fertilizer at the outlet 17 is the same as that at the inlet 16
The temperature rises slightly (5-10 ° C) above the liquid fertilizer temperature. The rate of increase depends on the capacity of the heat exchanger, but heat exchange near 100% is practically impossible. Due to the temperature rise of 5 to 10 degrees Celsius, when there is a certain amount of heat radiation from the cultivation bed 24, such as in the winter season, or a small amount of liquid fertilizer to be processed as in rock wool cultivation, the temperature of the liquid fertilizer may affect the cultivation bed. Use this method for smaller cases.
【0023】本発明の第1実施例は図3に示す殺菌冷却
の場合であり、この方法では、熱交換部12と加熱部11を
利用して加熱殺菌を行った後に、冷却部13で冷却を行
う。夏期には外気温が高く栽培ベッドの温度が上昇しや
すいため、冷却部13の負荷は増大する。The first embodiment of the present invention is the case of sterilization cooling shown in FIG. 3, and in this method, after heat sterilization is performed using the heat exchanging section 12 and the heating section 11, it is cooled by the cooling section 13. I do. In summer, the outside temperature is high and the temperature of the cultivation bed tends to rise, so that the load on the cooling unit 13 increases.
【0024】図2の場合と同様に熱交換部12から25℃の
温度で出てくる液肥は、配管20D を通って25℃の温度で
冷却部13に入り、そこで20℃にまで冷却されて配管20G
、四方弁15、配管20K 、出口17、配管20H を経て第2
タンク22へ貯えられ、次いでポンプ23により栽培ベッド
24へ供給される。液肥は作物25を養うことに加え栽培ベ
ッド24内の温度を適温であるほぼ25℃に保つ。As in the case of FIG. 2, the liquid fertilizer coming out from the heat exchange section 12 at a temperature of 25 ° C. enters the cooling section 13 at a temperature of 25 ° C. through the pipe 20D and is cooled to 20 ° C. there. Piping 20G
, Four-way valve 15, piping 20K, outlet 17, piping 20H to the second
Stored in tank 22, then pump 23 to grow bed
Supplied to 24. The liquid fertilizer not only feeds the crop 25 but also keeps the temperature in the cultivation bed 24 at a suitable temperature of about 25 ° C.
【0025】本発明の第2実施例は図4に示す殺菌加温
の例である。熱交換部12、加熱部11を利用して液肥の加
熱殺菌を行うが、熱交換部12の水対水式熱交換器の一部
は使用せず液肥をその温度がある程度高い状態で栽培ベ
ッドへ供給するのである。厳冬期のように栽培ベッドの
温度が低下しやすい場合にこの方法を使用する。The second embodiment of the present invention is an example of sterilization heating shown in FIG. The heat exchange section 12 and the heating section 11 are used to heat and sterilize the liquid fertilizer, but a part of the water-to-water heat exchanger of the heat exchange section 12 is not used and the liquid fertilizer is grown in a state in which the temperature is high to some extent. Supply to. This method is used when the temperature of the cultivation bed tends to decrease, such as in the severe winter season.
【0026】熱交換部12へ80℃の液肥が供給されるとこ
ろまでは図2、図3の場合と同じであるが、図4の例で
は、熱交換部の熱交換器の途中から液肥を取り出すもの
で、その場合熱交換器から出てくる液肥の温度はほぼ30
℃になるよう液肥取出口を設定する。The process until the liquid fertilizer at 80 ° C. is supplied to the heat exchange unit 12 is the same as in the case of FIGS. 2 and 3, but in the example of FIG. 4, liquid fertilizer is fed from the middle of the heat exchanger of the heat exchange unit. The liquid fertilizer coming out of the heat exchanger has a temperature of about 30
Set the liquid fertilizer outlet so that the temperature becomes ℃.
【0027】さらに、30℃の液肥は配管20E 、出口17を
経て30℃の温度で第2タンク22へ貯えられ、次いで配管
20I を通って栽培ベッド24へ供給されて栽培ベッドを温
めるとともに作物25を養う。Further, the liquid fertilizer at 30 ° C. is stored in the second tank 22 at a temperature of 30 ° C. through the pipe 20E, the outlet 17, and then the pipe.
It is supplied to the cultivation bed 24 through 20I to heat the cultivation bed and feed the crop 25.
【0028】本発明の第3実施例は図5に示される栽培
ベッド殺菌である。加熱部11のみを利用して液肥の加熱
殺菌を行い、高温のまま液肥を栽培ベッドへ供給してそ
れの殺菌を行う。この方法は、栽培ベッドに作物が存在
しないときに栽培ベッドに付着した病原菌を殺菌するた
めに実施される。The third embodiment of the present invention is the cultivation bed sterilization shown in FIG. The liquid fertilizer is sterilized by heating using only the heating unit 11, and the liquid fertilizer is supplied to the cultivation bed at a high temperature and sterilized. This method is carried out to kill pathogenic bacteria that have adhered to the cultivation bed when there is no crop in the cultivation bed.
【0029】養液栽培において、病原菌がごく僅かでも
液肥に入ると、液肥は20℃〜25℃の病原菌には好適の温
度で栽培ベッドへ供給されるので、きわめて短時間内に
病原菌は全液肥中に増殖拡散する。それを防止する目的
で液肥の殺菌が行われるが、病原菌の絶滅を期して、栽
培ベッドに作物が栽培されていない時を選んで栽培ベッ
ドの殺菌が行われる。In the hydroponic culture, when even a small amount of pathogenic bacteria enters the liquid fertilizer, the liquid fertilizer is supplied to the cultivation bed at a temperature suitable for the pathogenic bacteria at 20 ° C to 25 ° C. Proliferate and spread inside. The liquid fertilizer is sterilized for the purpose of preventing it, but the sterilization of the cultivation bed is performed by selecting the time when no crop is cultivated in the cultivation bed in order to eliminate the pathogenic bacteria.
【0030】従来は、栽培ベッドの殺菌は薬物を用いる
方法と蒸気を用いる方法のいずれかでなされた。しか
し、最近薬物の使用は作物や環境に対する影響などの観
点から好ましくないとされる。蒸気の使用は前記のよう
な影響はないものの、蒸気を用意するためにはボイラー
などの装置を必要とするだけでなく、使用者がやけどす
る危険があるので実施上難しい問題がある。Conventionally, the sterilization of the cultivation bed has been performed by either a method using a drug or a method using steam. However, recently, the use of drugs is considered to be unfavorable from the viewpoint of the effects on crops and the environment. Although the use of steam does not have the above-mentioned effect, it requires a device such as a boiler to prepare the steam, and there is a risk that the user will be burned, which is a problem in practice.
【0031】そこで本発明においては図5に示されるよ
うに、加熱部11で60℃に加熱された液肥をそのまま配管
20C 、一点鎖線で示される配管20F 、四方弁15、配管20
K 、出口17を経て直接第2タンク22へ導き、第2タンク
22からポンプ23によって60℃の液肥を配管20I を通し作
物の存在しない栽培ベッド24へ供給する。Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the liquid fertilizer heated to 60 ° C. in the heating section 11 is directly piped.
20C, pipe 20F indicated by alternate long and short dash line, four-way valve 15, pipe 20
Take K, exit 17 directly to the second tank 22, then the second tank
The liquid fertilizer at 60 ° C. is supplied from 22 to the pump 23 through the pipe 20I to the cultivation bed 24 where no crop exists.
【0032】液肥を60℃に加熱する理由は二つある。そ
の一は、栽培上問題となるほとんどの菌は60℃の液肥で
も60分の時間をかけるとすべて殺菌できることであり、
その二は、一般に液肥栽培の分野で用いられる資材の多
くはプラスチック材のものであり、これらプラスチック
材は60℃を超えると軟化するものが多いので、栽培ベッ
ドへ供給する液肥の温度は60℃程度が上限であることで
ある。There are two reasons for heating liquid fertilizer to 60 ° C. The first is that most of the bacteria that pose a problem in cultivation can be sterilized even when liquid fertilizer at 60 ° C is used for 60 minutes.
Secondly, most of the materials generally used in the field of liquid fertilizer cultivation are plastic materials, and since these plastic materials often soften above 60 ° C, the temperature of liquid fertilizer supplied to the cultivation bed is 60 ° C. The degree is the upper limit.
【0033】以上に説明した実施例では栽培ベッド24へ
液肥を供給するところまでしか説明しなかったが、いず
れの実施例においても、液肥は栽培ベッド24から配管20
J を用い第1タンク21へ戻し、以後上述した過程が繰返
されるのである。なお、各部の動作および回路は、使用
目的に合わせて切替使用するが、電動弁・サーモスタッ
トなどを組込んで自動化することが可能である。In the above-described embodiments, the liquid fertilizer is only supplied to the cultivating bed 24, but in any of the embodiments, the liquid fertilizer is supplied from the cultivating bed 24 to the pipe 20.
After returning to the 1st tank 21 using J, the above-mentioned process is repeated. The operation and circuit of each part are switched and used according to the purpose of use, but it is possible to automate by incorporating an electric valve, a thermostat, or the like.
【0034】上記した図2〜図4の例において、栽培ベ
ッド24で使用された液肥は配管20Jを通って第1タンク2
1へ戻されたが、それに代えて排出口26から外部へ排出
する構成とすることができる。いついかなる条件の下で
排出するかは栽培ベッドの使用態様によって決められる
が、使用してきた液肥を他の液肥に代えるときなどに排
出口26は有益である。排出口26は配管20J の栽培ベッド
の連結部に弁を設け、この弁の操作によって液肥が配管
20J ではなく外部に排出される構成とすることもでき
る。In the examples of FIGS. 2 to 4 described above, the liquid fertilizer used in the cultivation bed 24 passes through the pipe 20J and the first tank 2
Although it has been returned to 1, it may be configured to discharge to the outside from the discharge port 26 instead. When and under what conditions discharge is determined by the usage of the cultivation bed, but the discharge port 26 is useful when replacing the liquid fertilizer that has been used with another liquid fertilizer. The discharge port 26 is equipped with a valve at the connecting part of the cultivation bed of the pipe 20J, and the liquid fertilizer is piped by operating this valve.
Instead of 20J, it can be configured to be discharged to the outside.
【0035】以上述べてきた本発明装置の使用方法の態
様は表1に示される。なお、表1の熱交換部の欄におい
て、1次側(低温側)、2次側(高温側)とあるのはそ
れぞれ配管20A および配管20C から水対水式熱交換器12
A に入る側をいう。Table 1 shows the modes of use of the apparatus of the present invention described above. In the column of heat exchange section in Table 1, the terms primary side (low temperature side) and secondary side (high temperature side) are from pipe 20A and pipe 20C to the water-to-water heat exchanger 12 respectively.
The side that enters A.
【0036】[0036]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0037】[0037]
【発明の効果】以上述べてきたように本発明によれば、
養液栽培用の一つの装置を用いることによって、殺菌の
み、殺菌養液冷却と殺菌養液加温と、ベッド殺菌の四つ
の使用態様が可能となり、一つの装置を多角的に活用し
て液肥を用いる養液栽培の利用が広がる効果が得られ
た。As described above, according to the present invention,
By using one device for hydroponic cultivation, only four sterilization modes, sterilization nutrient solution cooling and sterilization nutrient solution heating, and bed sterilization can be used. The effect of expanding the use of hydroponic cultivation using the was obtained.
【図1】本発明の装置の配置を示す図である。FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of the device according to the invention.
【図2】図1の装置の一つの使用状態を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing one usage state of the apparatus of FIG.
【図3】本発明の第1実施例の図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図4】本発明の第2実施例の図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図5】本発明の第3実施例の図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.
10 本発明装置 11 加熱部 12 熱交換部 12A 水対水式熱交換器 13 冷却部 14 ポンプ 15 四方弁 16 入口 17 出口 20A, 20B・・・20K 配管 21 第1タンク 22 第2タンク 23 ポンプ 24 栽培ベッド 25 作物 26 排出口 10 Device of the present invention 11 Heating part 12 Heat exchange part 12A Water-to-water heat exchanger 13 Cooling part 14 Pump 15 Four-way valve 16 Inlet 17 Outlet 20A, 20B ... 20K Piping 21 First tank 22 Second tank 23 Pump 24 Cultivation bed 25 Crop 26 Outlet
Claims (5)
管を経て栽培ベッド(24)へ液肥が供給され、栽培ベッド
(24)を出た液肥は配管(20J) を経て第1タンク(21)へ導
かれる養液栽培用液肥の加熱殺菌装置であって、 加熱部(11)、熱交換部(12)および冷却部(13)を含み、 第1タンク(21)に貯えられた液肥をポンプ(14)を介して
配管(20A) により入口(16)を経て熱交換部(12)内に設け
られた水対水式熱交換器(12A) の一方に連結し、他方を
配管(20B) により加熱部(11)に連結し、出口(17)へ連結
される配管(20K) に3方向に切り換える四方弁(15)を取
付け、 該四方弁(15)によって加熱部(11)から熱交換部(12)、冷
却部(13)を経て出口(17)へと配管(20C) 、(20D) 、(20
G) で連結される第一経路と、加熱部(11)から熱交換部
(12)の一部を通過し出口(17)へと配管(20C, 20E)で連結
される第二経路と、加熱部(11)から配管(20F) により出
口(17)へ連結される第三経路とにそれぞれ流路が切り換
えられる経路構成とし、出口(17)を経た液肥は第2タン
ク(22)へ貯えられることを特徴とする養液栽培用液肥の
加熱殺菌装置。A liquid fertilizer is supplied from a second tank (22) to a cultivation bed (24) by a pump (23) through a pipe, and the cultivation bed is
The liquid fertilizer exiting (24) is a heating and sterilizing device for liquid fertilizer for hydroponic cultivation, which is guided to the first tank (21) through the pipe (20J), and includes a heating unit (11), a heat exchange unit (12) and a cooling unit. A water pair provided in the heat exchange part (12) including the part (13), the liquid fertilizer stored in the first tank (21) through the pump (14), the pipe (20A) and the inlet (16). A four-way valve that connects to one side of the water heat exchanger (12A), connects the other side to the heating part (11) by the pipe (20B), and switches to the pipe (20K) connected to the outlet (17) in three directions ( 15) is attached, and the four-way valve (15) connects the heating section (11) to the heat exchange section (12), the cooling section (13) to the outlet (17) through the pipes (20C), (20D), (20).
G) and the first path connected from the heating part (11) to the heat exchange part
The second path that passes through a part of (12) and is connected to the outlet (17) by piping (20C, 20E), and the second path that is connected from the heating part (11) to the outlet (17) by piping (20F). A heating and sterilizing apparatus for liquid fertilizer for hydroponic culture, characterized in that the flow path is switched to three paths, and the liquid fertilizer that has passed through the outlet (17) is stored in the second tank (22).
入口(16)を経て熱交換部(12)に導きそこで加温し、 前記加温された液肥を加熱部(11)でさらに加熱して殺菌
し、 前記加熱した液肥を熱交換部(12)で熱交換させて降温
し、 前記降温した液肥を冷却部(13)で冷却し、 前記冷却した液肥を出口(17)を経て第2タンク(22)に貯
え、次いで栽培ベッド(24)へ供給することを特徴とする
養液栽培用液肥の殺菌・冷却方法。2. The liquid fertilizer for hydroponics is introduced from the first tank (21) through the inlet (16) to the heat exchange section (12) and heated there, and the heated liquid fertilizer is heated (11). Further sterilized by heating, the heated liquid fertilizer is heat-exchanged in the heat exchange unit (12) to lower the temperature, the cooled liquid fertilizer is cooled in the cooling unit (13), and the cooled liquid fertilizer is exited (17). A method for sterilizing and cooling liquid fertilizer for hydroponic culture, characterized in that the liquid fertilizer is stored in the second tank (22) through the above and then supplied to the cultivation bed (24).
入口(16)を経て熱交換部(12)に導きそこで加温し、 前記加温された液肥を加熱部(11)でさらに加熱して殺菌
し、 前記加熱された液肥を熱交換部で部分的に熱交換させて
所定の温度まで降温し、 前記降温した液肥を冷却部(13)で冷却することなく出口
(17)を経て第2タンク(22)に貯え、次いで栽培ベッド(2
4)へ供給することを特徴とする養液栽培用液肥の殺菌・
加温方法。3. The liquid fertilizer for hydroponics is introduced from the first tank (21) through the inlet (16) to the heat exchange section (12) and heated there, and the heated liquid fertilizer is heated (11). Further sterilized by heating, the heated liquid fertilizer is partially heat-exchanged in the heat exchange unit to lower the temperature to a predetermined temperature, and the cooled liquid fertilizer is not cooled in the cooling unit (13) and exits.
After being stored in the second tank (22) via (17), the cultivation bed (2
4) to sterilize liquid fertilizer for hydroponics
Heating method.
口(26)から排出される請求項2または3記載の方法。4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the liquid fertilizer used in the cultivation bed (24) is discharged from the discharge port (26).
(12)を経て加熱部(11)に導き、 加熱部(11)で所定の温度にまで加熱し、 前記所定の温度にまで加熱した液肥を出口(17)を経て第
2タンク(22)へ貯え、 第2タンク(22)から加熱した液肥を栽培ベッド(24)へ供
給し該栽培ベッドの殺菌に用いることを特徴とする養液
栽培用の栽培ベッドの殺菌方法。5. The heat exchange section from the inlet (16) for liquid fertilizer for hydroponics
It is led to the heating part (11) through (12), heated to a predetermined temperature in the heating part (11), and the liquid fertilizer heated to the above predetermined temperature is passed through the outlet (17) to the second tank (22). A method for sterilizing a cultivation bed for hydroponics, which comprises storing and supplying heated liquid fertilizer from the second tank (22) to the cultivation bed (24) for use in sterilizing the cultivation bed.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP4231627A JPH07121187B2 (en) | 1992-08-07 | 1992-08-07 | Heat sterilizer for liquid fertilizer for hydroponics |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP4231627A JPH07121187B2 (en) | 1992-08-07 | 1992-08-07 | Heat sterilizer for liquid fertilizer for hydroponics |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0662684A true JPH0662684A (en) | 1994-03-08 |
JPH07121187B2 JPH07121187B2 (en) | 1995-12-25 |
Family
ID=16926476
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP4231627A Expired - Fee Related JPH07121187B2 (en) | 1992-08-07 | 1992-08-07 | Heat sterilizer for liquid fertilizer for hydroponics |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH07121187B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002262683A (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-17 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Apparatus for hydroponics |
JP2008038007A (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2008-02-21 | Kao Corp | Method for producing aqueous pigment dispersion |
JP2015204787A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2015-11-19 | シャープ株式会社 | plant factory |
KR102046647B1 (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-11-19 | 김천호 | Boiler system for heating house |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0229661B1 (en) * | 1986-01-14 | 1993-04-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Light-sensitive composition comprising silver halide dispersed in polymerizable compound and light-sensitive material employing the same |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60210926A (en) * | 1984-04-04 | 1985-10-23 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Temperature and humidity control apparatus for hydroponic culture |
JPH0246237A (en) * | 1988-08-04 | 1990-02-15 | Kansai Coke & Chem Co Ltd | Method for controlling temperature of culture solution or air in hothouse |
JPH03127918A (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-05-31 | Nepon Kk | Liquid fertilizer heating and sterilizing device in nutritive solution culture |
-
1992
- 1992-08-07 JP JP4231627A patent/JPH07121187B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60210926A (en) * | 1984-04-04 | 1985-10-23 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Temperature and humidity control apparatus for hydroponic culture |
JPH0246237A (en) * | 1988-08-04 | 1990-02-15 | Kansai Coke & Chem Co Ltd | Method for controlling temperature of culture solution or air in hothouse |
JPH03127918A (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-05-31 | Nepon Kk | Liquid fertilizer heating and sterilizing device in nutritive solution culture |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002262683A (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-17 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Apparatus for hydroponics |
JP2008038007A (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2008-02-21 | Kao Corp | Method for producing aqueous pigment dispersion |
JP2015204787A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2015-11-19 | シャープ株式会社 | plant factory |
KR102046647B1 (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-11-19 | 김천호 | Boiler system for heating house |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH07121187B2 (en) | 1995-12-25 |
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