JPH0660489B2 - Sand gauge - Google Patents
Sand gaugeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0660489B2 JPH0660489B2 JP906593A JP906593A JPH0660489B2 JP H0660489 B2 JPH0660489 B2 JP H0660489B2 JP 906593 A JP906593 A JP 906593A JP 906593 A JP906593 A JP 906593A JP H0660489 B2 JPH0660489 B2 JP H0660489B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sand
- hollow cylinder
- gage
- protective case
- compaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、締固め砂杭の造成時
に用いられる砂面計に関し、特にマイクロ波を使用した
砂面計に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sand gage used when constructing compacted sand piles, and more particularly to a sand gage using microwaves.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、軟弱地盤地の土質を改良する
目的で、地盤中に砂を埋め込み、これに振動・衝撃を加
えることで締固めて砂杭を形成するいわゆるサンドコン
パクション工法が提供されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for the purpose of improving the soil quality of soft ground, a so-called sand compaction construction method has been provided in which sand is embedded in the ground and compacted by applying vibration and impact to the sand to form sand piles. ing.
【０００３】サンドコンパクション工法は、通常中空筒
状のシースを地盤中に埋設し、このシース内に所定量の
砂を投入し、シースを若干持ち上げてシースの先端部で
排出された砂に振動・衝撃を加えることにより砂を締固
め、ある程度締固めが進行した時点でシース内に砂を追
加する。この操作を順次繰返すことで所定長の砂杭を造
成するものである。In the sand compaction method, a hollow cylindrical sheath is usually embedded in the ground, a predetermined amount of sand is put into the sheath, the sheath is slightly lifted, and the sand discharged at the tip of the sheath is vibrated. The sand is compacted by applying an impact, and when the compaction progresses to a certain extent, the sand is added to the sheath. By repeating this operation in order, a sand pile of a predetermined length is constructed.
【０００４】形成された砂杭の強度は、砂の締固めによ
って決定される。設定された強度を確保して施工されて
いることを確認する装置としては、砂面に超音波を投射
してその投射と反射波との時間差により測定位置と砂面
までの距離を計測する砂面計を用いて、砂面の位置の変
化から締固めの進行の度合いを計る装置が提案されてい
る。The strength of the formed sand pile is determined by the compaction of the sand. As a device that confirms that construction is performed with the set strength secured, sand that projects ultrasonic waves on the sand surface and measures the distance to the measurement position and the sand surface by the time difference between the projection and the reflected wave An apparatus has been proposed that measures the degree of compaction progress from the change in the position of the sand surface using a surface gauge.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、通常こ
の種の工法では、シース内の砂の排出を促進するために
砂面上から圧気を注入しているが、注入時に生ずる圧縮
空気の噴出音や、締固め及び他の砂杭造成作業によって
生じる機械的打撃音等により影響を受け正確な測定が難
しく、そのため砂面の測定は締固め作業及び周囲の他の
作業を一斉に中断してから行わなければならなかった。However, in this type of construction method, compressed air is usually injected from above the sand surface in order to accelerate the discharge of sand in the sheath. , It is difficult to measure accurately because it is affected by mechanical impact noise generated by compaction and other sand pile construction work. Therefore, the sand surface measurement is performed after all compaction work and other surrounding work are interrupted at the same time. I had to.
【０００６】また、反射波を利用した測定装置を用いる
場合、正確な測定を行うためには音波若しくは電波の投
射、受信を良好に行えることができる位置に測定装置を
設け、なおかつ広範囲に亘って測定する必要がある。Further, in the case of using a measuring device using a reflected wave, in order to perform accurate measurement, the measuring device is provided at a position where projection and reception of sound waves or radio waves can be favorably performed, and a wide range is achieved. Need to measure.
【０００７】ところが、サンドコンパクション工法にお
いて良好な測定位置は砂面に対向することができるシー
スの上端近傍となり、砂を投入する時の砂の通過を遮る
位置となる。そのため、この位置に広面積を有する装置
を設けると、砂を円滑に投入することができないばかり
か砂の衝撃により装置が破損する惧れがあり、砂の追加
の際には、測定装置を一旦撤去してから砂を投入し、投
入後に再び装置を設置しなければならず、撤去及び設置
作業が工期を遅延させる原因にもなっていた。However, in the sand compaction method, a good measurement position is near the upper end of the sheath that can face the sand surface, and is a position that blocks the passage of sand when the sand is thrown in. Therefore, if a device with a large area is installed at this position, not only can sand be not smoothly introduced, but the device may be damaged by the impact of sand. The sand had to be thrown in after the removal, and the equipment had to be installed again after the sand had been thrown in, which was a cause of delaying the construction period.
【０００８】この発明は、このような問題点に鑑みてな
されたものであって、その目的とするところは、締固め
作業と同時に砂面の測定を行うことを可能とするととも
に、砂の投入のときの測定装置の撤去及び設置を容易に
して工期の短縮を図ることができる砂面計を提供するこ
とにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to make it possible to measure the sand surface at the same time as the compaction work, and to add the sand. An object of the present invention is to provide a sand surface gage capable of facilitating the removal and installation of the measuring device at that time and shortening the construction period.
【０００９】[0009]
【問題点を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
めこの発明は、中空筒体内に投入した砂を締固めるサン
ドコンパクション工法において用いられる砂面計であっ
て、該砂面計は該中空筒体の上端近傍にあって該中空筒
体の下方に向けてマイクロ波を投射する送信アンテナ
と、該マイクロ波の砂面からの反射波を受信する受信ア
ンテナと、該送信アンテナに該マイクロ波を送出し且つ
これと該受信アンテナで受信した反射波とに基づいて該
砂面を算出する処理装置と、該送受信アンテナと該処理
装置とを収納する保護ケースとからなり、該保護ケース
は上記中空筒体の側方に該中空筒体内に進退可能に取付
けられ、上記砂の投入時には該中空筒体外に後退させら
れるとともに、測定時には該中空筒体内に侵入してその
軸の直交方向に位置させられてなることを特徴とするも
のである。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a sand gage used in a sand compaction method for compacting sand put into a hollow cylinder, wherein the sand gage is A transmitting antenna for projecting a microwave toward the lower side of the hollow cylindrical body near the upper end of the cylindrical body, a receiving antenna for receiving a reflected wave of the microwave from the sand surface, and the microwave for the transmitting antenna And a protective case for accommodating the transmitting and receiving antenna and the processing device, the protective case including the processing device for calculating the sand surface based on the reflected wave received by the receiving antenna and the transmitting wave. It is attached to the side of the hollow cylinder so as to be able to move back and forth in the hollow cylinder, and is retracted outside the hollow cylinder when the sand is introduced, and enters the hollow cylinder during measurement and is positioned in the direction orthogonal to its axis. It is characterized in that the canceller is composed.
【００１０】[0010]
【作用】上記構成の砂面計を、砂の投入時には該中空筒
体外に後退させ、砂の締固め時すなわち測定時には該中
空筒体内に侵入してその軸の直交方向に位置させ、マイ
クロ波の投反射によって砂面を測定する。このため、砂
投入時においてはその円滑な投入を妨げることがなく、
測定時においては砂を排出するための空気の噴射音や、
締固め及び周囲の他の作業の機械的打撃音など施工に伴
って生じる音波の影響をまったく受けずに正確な測定が
できる。The sand gage with the above construction is retracted to the outside of the hollow cylinder when sand is introduced, and when the sand is compacted, that is, at the time of measurement, it enters the hollow cylinder and is positioned in the direction orthogonal to the axis thereof. Measure the sand surface by throwing and reflecting. Therefore, when sand is added, it does not hinder the smooth input,
At the time of measurement, the jet noise of air for discharging sand,
Accurate measurement can be performed without being affected by sound waves generated during construction such as compaction and mechanical impact noise of other work around.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下、この発明の好適な実施例について添付
図面を参照にして詳細に説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００１２】図１は、この発明に係る砂面計１の一実施
例を示している。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a sand gage 1 according to the present invention.
【００１３】サンドコンパクション工法は、土中に貫入
された中空円筒状の筒体１０内に砂１２を投入して、そ
の先端から砂１２を排出し、筒体１０を介して砂１２に
打撃，振動を与えることによってこれを締固め土中に砂
杭を造成するものである。本願発明にかかる砂面計１
は、砂面１２ａの位置を計測することにより締固めの度
合いを測定するため筒体１０の上端近傍に設置される。In the sand compaction method, sand 12 is put into a hollow cylindrical tubular body 10 penetrating into the soil, and the sand 12 is discharged from the tip of the hollow cylindrical tubular body 10 to hit the sand 12 through the tubular body 10. By applying vibration, it is compacted to create sand piles in the soil. Sand level gauge 1 according to the present invention
Is installed near the upper end of the cylindrical body 10 in order to measure the degree of compaction by measuring the position of the sand surface 12a.
【００１４】砂面計１は、図２に示す内部に送信アンテ
ナ１６と受信アンテナ１８及び処理装置２０とを収納し
た円盤状の保護ケース１４を含み、この保護ケース１４
と筒体１０の上部外周に設けられた格納ケース２８と、
筒体１０と格納ケース２８との外側の接合個所に配設さ
れた回転エアシリンダー３０とから概略構成されてい
る。The sand gage 1 includes a disk-shaped protective case 14 in which a transmitting antenna 16, a receiving antenna 18 and a processing device 20 are housed, as shown in FIG.
And a storage case 28 provided on the outer periphery of the upper portion of the cylindrical body 10,
The cylinder 10 and the storage case 28 are roughly configured by a rotary air cylinder 30 arranged at a joint portion on the outside.
【００１５】上記送・受信アンテナ１６．１８は、マイ
クロ波Ｍ（ 900ＭＨz 〜 1ＧＨz ）を投射ないしは受信
するものであって、図２（Ａ）に示すように、一対の三
角形の頂点をつないだ形状の金属板から構成され、保護
ケース１４でもって覆うようにしてその上面側に位置し
ている。The transmitting / receiving antenna 16.18 projects or receives the microwave M (900 MHz to 1 GHz) and has a shape in which a pair of triangular vertices are connected as shown in FIG. 2 (A). And is located on the upper surface side so as to be covered by the protective case 14.
【００１６】上記処理装置２０は、保護ケース１４の下
面側にあってアンテナ１６，１８と電気的に接続され、
送信アンテナ１６にマイクロ波Ｍを送出する発振器や、
受信アンテナ１８で受けた反射マイクロ波Ｍを増幅する
アンプ、砂面１２ａに向けて投射されたマイクロ波Ｍの
投受信の時間差に基づいて砂面を算出する演算器、電源
電池などから構成されている。The processing device 20 is on the lower surface side of the protective case 14 and is electrically connected to the antennas 16 and 18,
An oscillator for transmitting the microwave M to the transmitting antenna 16,
It is composed of an amplifier that amplifies the reflected microwave M received by the receiving antenna 18, an arithmetic unit that calculates the sand surface based on the time difference between the projection and reception of the microwave M projected toward the sand surface 12a, a power supply battery, and the like. There is.
【００１７】上記保護ケース１４は内部のアンテナ１
６，１８などを保護するものであって、電磁波の非吸収
体、例えばゴムやプラスチックなどにより形成されてお
り、側部外周に取付けられたステー１４ａを介して回転
エアシリンダー３０に結合されて、エアシリンダー３０
の回転によって開口２６を介して、砂面測定位置と格納
ケース２８との間を進退動可能に取付けられ、測定時に
は測定位置において内部に収納された送・受信アンテナ
１６、１８を下方の砂面１２ａに対向させる構成となっ
ている。The protective case 14 has an internal antenna 1
6, 18 and the like, which are made of a non-electromagnetic wave absorber, such as rubber or plastic, are connected to the rotary air cylinder 30 via stays 14a attached to the outer periphery of the side, Air cylinder 30
Is mounted so as to be able to move back and forth between the sand surface measurement position and the storage case 28 through the opening 26 by the rotation of the. It is configured to face 12a.
【００１８】格納ケース２８は、筒体１０の上方に設け
られた砂１２の投入を制御する開閉弁２４の下方に開口
２６を形成し、この開口２６を閉塞するようにして突設
された中空円盤状の中空体であり筒体１０内に連通して
いる。そして、筒体１０に砂が投入されるときは保護ケ
ース１０を格納して保護する。The storage case 28 has an opening 26 formed below the opening / closing valve 24 for controlling the feeding of the sand 12 provided above the cylindrical body 10, and is hollow so as to close the opening 26. It is a disk-shaped hollow body and communicates with the inside of the cylindrical body 10. Then, when sand is thrown into the cylindrical body 10, the protective case 10 is stored and protected.
【００１９】以上の構成からなる砂面計１は、締固め時
には保護ケース１４を図１の実線位置に回転移動させ
て、送信アンテナ１６から筒体１０の下方の砂面１２ａ
に向けてマイクロ波Ｍを投射し、マイクロ波Ｍが砂面１
２ａに衝突した後の上方への反射波を受信アンテナ１８
で受けることにより締固めの度合いを随時測定する。そ
して、マイクロ波Ｍの送・受信の時間差に基づいて処理
装置２０で砂面１２ａを計測し、その結果は適当な表示
装置，記録装置に出力される。In the sand gage 1 having the above construction, the protective case 14 is rotationally moved to the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 1 during compaction so that the sand surface 12a below the cylinder 10 from the transmitting antenna 16 is moved.
The microwave M is projected toward the sand
The receiving antenna 18 receives the upward reflected wave after colliding with 2a.
The degree of compaction is measured as required. Then, the processing device 20 measures the sand surface 12a based on the time difference between the transmission and reception of the microwave M, and the result is output to an appropriate display device and recording device.
【００２０】このとき、周囲の音波に対してまったく影
響を受けないマイクロ波Ｍを用いているため締固め作業
と併行して測定を行えるので、従来のように砂面の測定
の際に締固め作業を及び周囲の作業を中断する必要がな
い。At this time, since the microwave M which is not affected by the surrounding sound waves at all is used, the measurement can be performed in parallel with the compaction work. There is no need to interrupt work and surrounding work.
【００２１】一方、締固めが進行し、砂１２を追加投入
するときには、保護ケース１４は納ケース２８内（図１
の仮想線位置）に回転移動されることにより、速やかに
退避させられる。On the other hand, when compaction proceeds and the sand 12 is additionally charged, the protective case 14 is placed in the storage case 28 (see FIG. 1).
By being moved to the virtual line position (1) of FIG.
【００２２】これによって、筒体１０内への円滑な砂１
２の投入が行われるとともに、アンテナ１６、１８と処
理装置２０を収納した保護ケース１４は筒体１０側方の
格納ケース内にあって、砂１２の投入の際、砂の衝突に
より破損することから免れることができる。As a result, the smooth sand 1 in the cylindrical body 10
2 is performed, and the protective case 14 accommodating the antennas 16 and 18 and the processing device 20 is in the storage case on the side of the tubular body 10, and is damaged by the collision of sand when the sand 12 is introduced. Can be escaped from.
【００２３】そして、砂１２の追加終了後、再び保護ケ
ース１４を側定位置に進入させ締固め作業を再開する。
以下同様の作業を繰返して所定長の砂杭を造成する。Then, after the addition of the sand 12 is completed, the protective case 14 is again moved to the fixed position, and the compacting operation is restarted.
After that, the same work is repeated to construct a sand pile of a predetermined length.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】以上、実施例で詳細に説明したように、
本発明に係る砂面計では、砂を投入して締固める筒体の
内外で発生する音波に対してまったく影響を受けないマ
イクロ波を用いるため、締固め作業及び周囲の他の作業
を中断することなく、これらの作業と同時に砂面の正確
な測定を行なうことができる。また、測定装置を速やか
に筒体側方へ退避させるため、砂の衝突による装置の破
損を防止するとともに、砂の投入の際の測定装置の撤去
及び設置を容易にして工期の短縮を図ることができる。As described above in detail in the embodiments,
The sand level meter according to the present invention uses microwaves that are not affected at all by sound waves generated inside and outside the cylindrical body that is charged with sand and compacted, so that compaction work and other surrounding work are interrupted. Without this, an accurate measurement of the sand surface can be performed simultaneously with these operations. In addition, since the measuring device is quickly retracted to the side of the cylinder, damage to the device due to sand collision can be prevented, and removal and installation of the measuring device at the time of sand loading can be facilitated to shorten the construction period. it can.
【図１】本発明の砂面計の設置状態を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an installed state of a sand gage of the present invention.
【図２】同砂面計の要部平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view of an essential part of the sand gage.
１ 砂面計 １０ 筒体 １２ 砂 １４ 保護ケース １６ 送信アンテナ １８ 受信アンテナ ２０ 処理装置 ２４ 開閉弁 ２６ 開口 ２８ 格納ケース ３０ 回転型エアシリンダー DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sand level gauge 10 Cylindrical body 12 Sand 14 Protective case 16 Transmitting antenna 18 Receiving antenna 20 Processing device 24 Opening / closing valve 26 Opening 28 Storage case 30 Rotating air cylinder
Claims (1)
ドコンパクション工法において用いられる砂面計であっ
て、該砂面計は該中空筒体の上端近傍にあって該中空筒
体の下方に向けてマイクロ波を投射する送信アンテナ
と、該マイクロ波の砂面からの反射波を受信する受信ア
ンテナと、該送信アンテナに該マイクロ波を送出し且つ
これと該受信アンテナで受信した反射波とに基づいて該
砂面を算出する処理装置と、該送受信アンテナと該処理
装置とを収納する保護ケースとからなり、該保護ケース
は上記中空筒体の側方に該中空筒体内に進退可能に取付
けられ、上記砂の投入時には該中空筒体外に後退させら
れるとともに、測定時には該中空筒体内に侵入してその
軸の直交方向に位置させられてなることを特徴とする砂
面計。1. A sand gage used in a sand compaction method for compacting sand put into a hollow cylinder, the sand gage being located near the upper end of the hollow cylinder and below the hollow cylinder. A transmitting antenna that projects microwaves toward the receiving antenna, a receiving antenna that receives reflected waves from the sand surface of the microwaves, and a reflected wave that sends the microwaves to the transmitting antenna and that is received by the receiving antennas. A processing device that calculates the sand surface based on the above, and a protective case that houses the transmission / reception antenna and the processing device, the protective case being able to move back and forth into the hollow cylinder laterally of the hollow cylinder. A sand gage, which is attached and is retracted outside the hollow cylinder when the sand is charged, and is inserted into the hollow cylinder during measurement and positioned in a direction orthogonal to the axis thereof.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP906593A JPH0660489B2 (en) | 1993-01-22 | 1993-01-22 | Sand gauge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP906593A JPH0660489B2 (en) | 1993-01-22 | 1993-01-22 | Sand gauge |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18656185A Division JPS6250511A (en) | 1985-08-27 | 1985-08-27 | Sand level meter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0693614A JPH0693614A (en) | 1994-04-05 |
| JPH0660489B2 true JPH0660489B2 (en) | 1994-08-10 |
Family
ID=11710217
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP906593A Expired - Fee Related JPH0660489B2 (en) | 1993-01-22 | 1993-01-22 | Sand gauge |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0660489B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6573323B2 (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2019-09-11 | 株式会社Ｗａｄｅｃｏ | Surface detection apparatus and detection method for blast furnace charge |
-
1993
- 1993-01-22 JP JP906593A patent/JPH0660489B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0693614A (en) | 1994-04-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |