JPH064883B2 - Bearing material manufacturing method - Google Patents
Bearing material manufacturing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH064883B2 JPH064883B2 JP28791085A JP28791085A JPH064883B2 JP H064883 B2 JPH064883 B2 JP H064883B2 JP 28791085 A JP28791085 A JP 28791085A JP 28791085 A JP28791085 A JP 28791085A JP H064883 B2 JPH064883 B2 JP H064883B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bearing material
- cylindrical body
- punch
- die
- tubular body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/20—Shaping by sintering pulverised material, e.g. powder metallurgy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
- F16C2223/02—Mechanical treatment, e.g. finishing
- F16C2223/04—Mechanical treatment, e.g. finishing by sizing, by shaping to final size by small plastic deformation, e.g. by calibrating or coining
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 「発明の目的」 本発明は軸受材の製造方法に係り、軸方向長さが外径と
同等ないしそれ以上のような比較的長い軸受材において
的確な軸受機能を確保すると共に軸受材と回転軸との間
におけを摩擦抵抗を低減し得る製品を簡易且つ低コスト
に製造することのできる方法を提供しようとするもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION “Object of the Invention” The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a bearing material, and ensures an appropriate bearing function in a relatively long bearing material having an axial length equal to or longer than an outer diameter. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method capable of easily and inexpensively manufacturing a product capable of reducing frictional resistance between a bearing material and a rotary shaft.
産業上の利用分野 外径に対し軸方向長さの大きい軸受材の製造技術。Industrial applications Manufacturing technology for bearing materials with a large axial length relative to the outer diameter.
従来の技術 焼結金属体による軸受材として近時においては、コンピ
ュター関係の冷却用軸流ファンなどでローラベアリング
に代えて次第に採用されつつあり、このような場合には
径に比し長さの大きい焼結含油軸受が用いられる。即ち
長さの大きい軸受は回転軸の軸心を確保する上において
有効であるが、軸方向に長いことから回転軸との間にお
ける摩擦抵抗が大となる不利があり、このような不利を
解決すべく従来においては成形焼結ないしサイジングさ
れた軸受材の内面中間部をバイトなどで切削することが
行われている。2. Description of the Related Art Recently, as a bearing material made of a sintered metal body, it has been gradually adopted in place of a roller bearing in an axial fan for cooling such as a computer, and in such a case, the length is larger than the diameter. Large sintered oil-impregnated bearings are used. That is, a bearing having a long length is effective in securing the shaft center of the rotating shaft, but since it is long in the axial direction, there is a disadvantage that frictional resistance between the bearing and the rotating shaft becomes large. In order to do so, conventionally, the middle part of the inner surface of the shaped and sintered or sized bearing material is cut with a cutting tool or the like.
つまり軸受材をチャックなどで把持し、軸受材における
内孔の中間部をバイトによって回転切削し、回転軸との
接摺面を切削して縮少するものである。That is, the bearing material is gripped by a chuck or the like, the intermediate portion of the inner hole in the bearing material is rotationally cut by a cutting tool, and the contact surface with the rotary shaft is cut to reduce the size.
発明が解決しようとする問題点 然し上記したような従来のものにおいては工程が嵩み、
相当にコストアップとならざるを得ない。Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the conventional one as described above, the process is bulky,
There is no choice but to increase the cost considerably.
即ちこのような焼結金属軸受材は圧粉成形やサイジング
がワンタッチ的に行われ、焼結工程はそれなりの時間を
必要とするとしても多数個が同時に処理されることから
全工程が量産的に実施され、従って低コストに目的製品
が得られるメリットを有するものであるところ、前記の
ような軸受材内孔の切削は1個々々について、しかもそ
れぞれに相当の時間を必要とするものであるから、この
ような工程の介入は著しい工数増大、コストアップとな
らざるを得ない。In other words, such a sintered metal bearing material is compacted and sized in a one-touch operation, and even if the sintering process requires a certain amount of time, a large number of them are processed at the same time. Since it is carried out and therefore has the merit that the target product can be obtained at low cost, the cutting of the bearing material inner hole as described above requires a considerable amount of time for each one. However, intervention of such a process inevitably increases man-hours and costs.
「発明の構成」 問題点を解決するための手段 圧粉成形してから焼結処理して得られた筒状体をサイジ
ングするに当り、前記筒状体を下ダイに設けられた下パ
ンチ上にセットし、該筒状体を上ダイに設けられた上パ
ンチで圧縮矯正せしめ、前記上パンチによる圧縮矯正の
下死点において上記下ダイと上ダイとの間に間隙を形成
せしめ、圧縮矯正される前記筒状体の中間部を外側方向
に膨出させることを特徴とする軸受材の製造方法。"Structure of the Invention" Means for Solving Problems When sizing a cylindrical body obtained by compacting and then sintering, the cylindrical body is placed on a lower punch provided on a lower die. And the cylindrical body is compression-corrected by an upper punch provided on the upper die, and a gap is formed between the lower die and the upper die at the bottom dead center of the compression correction by the upper punch, and the compression is corrected. A method for manufacturing a bearing material, characterized in that an intermediate portion of the tubular body is bulged outward.
作 用 圧粉成形してから焼結処理して得られる筒状体を下パン
チと上パンチとの間で圧縮矯正するに当り、前記筒状体
を圧縮矯正する上パンチの下死点においてそれら上下パ
ンチの設けられた上ダイと下ダイとの間に間隙を形成す
ることによって矯正処理される筒状体の中間部に膨出部
を形成する。Working When compressing and straightening a cylindrical body obtained by compacting and then sintering it between the lower punch and the upper punch, when the cylindrical punch is compressed and straightened at the bottom dead center of the upper punch, By forming a gap between the upper die and the lower die provided with the upper and lower punches, a bulge portion is formed in the middle portion of the cylindrical body to be corrected.
実施例 上記したような本発明によるものの具体的な実施態様を
添附図面に示すものについて説明すると、圧粉成形およ
び焼結処理はこの種焼結金属の製造に関する一般的な手
法で実施できる。即ち鉄系又は鋼系のような金属粉末に
適宜二硫化モリブデンなどの固体潤滑剤粉末と共に圧粉
成形して筒状体とする。このように圧粉成形されたもの
は本発明において、その内径に対し軸方向長さが1.1〜
7.0倍、好ましくは1.2〜6.0倍で、より好ましくは2.0〜
5.0倍程度とされ、斯うして圧粉成形されたものは次い
でそれぞれの金属に即応した温度条件で焼結される。斯
様な圧粉成形ないし焼結によって得られる金属成形体の
空隙率は一般的に18〜30%である。EXAMPLES The concrete embodiments of the present invention as described above will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The powder compaction and the sintering process can be carried out by a general method for producing this kind of sintered metal. That is, an iron-based or steel-based metal powder is suitably compacted with a solid lubricant powder such as molybdenum disulfide to form a cylindrical body. In the present invention, the powder compacted as described above has an axial length of 1.1 to the inner diameter.
7.0 times, preferably 1.2 to 6.0 times, more preferably 2.0 to
It is set to about 5.0 times, and the powder compact thus formed is then sintered under a temperature condition that corresponds to each metal. The porosity of the metal compact obtained by such powder compacting or sintering is generally 18 to 30%.
上記のようにして得られる焼結金属成形体は第1図に示
すような機構によってサイジング処理される。即ちホル
ダー10によって保持された下ダイ1には下パンチ2が
同軸に設けられ、該下パンチ2は下部ガイドコア3にそ
って昇降されるものであり、このような下ダイないし下
パンチに対して上ダイ1aと上パンチ2aが対設され、
又該上パンチ2aは上部ガイドコア3aにそって昇降し
圧縮矯正操作される。図中7は超硬材を示すものでサイ
ジングの長期に亘る適正を得るためのものである。即ち
第1図における左半部に示すように下パンチ2に対する
ガイドコア3の上端が下ダイ1および下パンチ2から少
許突出した状態で前記したような筒状体4を下パンチ2
上に装入位置せしめる。次いで上部ガイドコア3aを降
下して筒状体4の内孔に挿入すると共に下部ガイドコア
3と接合し、該下部ガイドコア3をも適宜に圧下し、こ
のように両ガイドコア3、3aを接合させた状態で上パ
ンチ2aと上ダイ1aを圧下し、筒状体4に対して圧縮
矯正するが、斯うした圧縮矯正の下死点における各部材
1〜5の関係は第1図の右側に示す通りである。即ち上
パンチ2aによる圧下で下パンチ2および下ダイ1は図
示のように圧下されるが、本発明においてはこのような
圧下下死点において上ダイ1aと下ダイ1との間に図示
のような間隙部6を形成し、それによって筒状体4の中
間部を外周方向に膨出4aさせ、筒状体4の内面に凹入
部4cを形成するもので、筒状体4が上下のパンチ2、
2aにより圧縮されることによってその上下端部分は矯
正されるが中間部は内外面共に半径方向に圧力が逃げて
図示のように成形される。The sintered metal compact obtained as described above is sized by the mechanism shown in FIG. That is, the lower die 1 held by the holder 10 is coaxially provided with the lower punch 2, and the lower punch 2 is moved up and down along the lower guide core 3. The upper die 1a and the upper punch 2a are installed opposite to each other,
Further, the upper punch 2a is moved up and down along the upper guide core 3a to be compressed and corrected. Reference numeral 7 in the figure indicates a super hard material, and is for obtaining proper sizing over a long period of time. That is, as shown in the left half of FIG. 1, the cylindrical body 4 is inserted into the lower punch 2 with the upper end of the guide core 3 with respect to the lower punch 2 slightly protruding from the lower die 1 and the lower punch 2.
Place the charging position on top. Then, the upper guide core 3a is lowered to be inserted into the inner hole of the tubular body 4 and is joined to the lower guide core 3, and the lower guide core 3 is also appropriately pressed down. In the joined state, the upper punch 2a and the upper die 1a are pressed down and compression-corrected with respect to the tubular body 4. The relationship between the members 1 to 5 at the bottom dead center of such compression correction is as shown in FIG. As shown on the right. That is, the lower punch 2 and the lower die 1 are reduced as shown by the lowering by the upper punch 2a. However, in the present invention, the lower punch 2 and the lower die 1 are drawn between the upper die 1a and the lower die 1 at such a lowering lower dead point. A hollow portion 6 is formed, whereby the intermediate portion of the tubular body 4 is bulged 4a in the outer peripheral direction to form a recess 4c on the inner surface of the tubular body 4. 2,
The upper and lower end portions are corrected by being compressed by 2a, but the intermediate portion is formed as shown in the drawing by escaping pressure in the inner and outer surfaces in the radial direction.
上記したようにして外面が外側方向に膨出したものは該
膨出部7を利用して樹脂成形体などに対しインサートす
るならば安定した取付けが得られる。しかしこのような
軸受材4aが機器の軸装部に圧入タイプで利用される場
合には前記膨出部7を切削して除去することとなるが、
斯かる切削は軸受材の外面であることから内側を削るよ
りは著しく容易且つ短時間に行うことができる。斯かる
切削によって凹入部4cが影響を受けるようなことは全
くなく、内面と外面との間における同軸度を0.01mm以下
の如きに仕上げることができ、コアレスモータや偏平モ
ータ等の高精度の要求される軸受材としても適切に採用
し得る。If the outer surface bulges outward as described above, stable mounting can be obtained by inserting the bulging portion 7 into a resin molded body or the like. However, when such a bearing material 4a is used as a press-fit type in the shaft mounting portion of the device, the bulging portion 7 is cut and removed.
Since such cutting is performed on the outer surface of the bearing material, it can be performed significantly easier and in a shorter time than when cutting the inner surface. Such cutting does not affect the recessed portion 4c at all, the coaxiality between the inner surface and the outer surface can be finished to 0.01 mm or less, and high precision requirements such as coreless motors and flat motors are required. It can also be appropriately adopted as a bearing material.
前記した圧縮矯正の程度については一般的に処理される
筒状体4の高さの2〜25%、特に5〜10%であって上
記のように軸方向に長い筒状体4に対するこの程度の圧
縮矯正により上記したような膨出部4bおよび凹入部4
cを適切に形成することができる。The degree of the above-mentioned compression straightening is generally 2 to 25%, especially 5 to 10% of the height of the tubular body 4 to be processed, which is the same as that of the tubular body 4 which is long in the axial direction as described above. The bulging portion 4b and the recessed portion 4 as described above by the compression correction of
c can be formed appropriately.
本発明によるものの具体的な製造例について説明する
と、以下の如くである。A specific example of manufacturing the device according to the present invention is as follows.
100メッシュ以下で銅粉91%と錫粉9%の割合で配
合し均等に混合したものを圧粉成形して内径8mm、外径
12mmで高さが29.5mmの成形体とした。A mixture of 100% or less of copper powder and 91% of copper powder and 9% of tin powder, which were uniformly mixed, was compacted into a compact having an inner diameter of 8 mm, an outer diameter of 12 mm and a height of 29.5 mm.
上記成形害は次いで760℃の非酸化性雰囲気において
30分間の焼結処理を行った。得られた焼結体の嵩比重
は6.5で、空隙率は25%のものであった。The molding damage was then subjected to a sintering treatment for 30 minutes in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at 760 ° C. The bulk specific gravity of the obtained sintered body was 6.5 and the porosity was 25%.
以上のようにして得られて成形焼結筒状体は第1図に示
したようなサイジング設備における下パンチ2上に装入
され上ダイ1aおよび上パンチ2aを圧下して圧縮矯正
処理し、その上パンチ2aの下死点において上ダイ1a
と下ダイ1との間に14mmの存せしめ、筒状体4に対す
る圧縮量は5%として処理し高さ28mmの製品とした。
得られた製品の状態は第2図に示す通りであり、筒状体
4の中間部外側に14mmの範囲に亘って高さが平均0.15
mmの膨出部4bを有しており、しかもその内面において
は別に第2図(a)において測定チャートを示すように中
間部における約11mmの長さ範囲に亘って最大0.15mmの
外側方向に変入した膨出部4cを形成していることが確
認された。The shaped and sintered cylindrical body obtained as described above is charged on the lower punch 2 in the sizing equipment as shown in FIG. 1, and the upper die 1a and the upper punch 2a are pressed to perform the compression straightening treatment. In addition, the upper die 1a at the bottom dead center of the punch 2a
A height of 28 mm was obtained by leaving 14 mm between the lower die 1 and the lower die 1 and treating the cylindrical body 4 with a compression amount of 5%.
The state of the obtained product is as shown in FIG. 2, and the height is 0.15 on average outside the intermediate portion of the tubular body 4 over a range of 14 mm.
It has a bulge 4b of mm, and the inner surface of the bulge 4b is 0.15mm at the maximum in the outer direction over a length range of about 11mm in the middle as shown in the measurement chart in Fig. 2 (a). It was confirmed that a bulged portion 4c that had been inserted was formed.
なおこのようにして得られた第3図に示すような矯正筒
状体4aに対し、これを圧入タイプの軸受材として利用
すべく前記した外面膨出部4aを切削により削り取った
結果は内外径の同軸度が0.008mmであり、好ましい製品
であることが確認された。又このような外面膨出部4bを
削り取った後の内面状態を測定した結果は第2図(b)の
如くで若干の差があってもこれは測定部の相違によるも
ので実質的に同図(a)のものと有意差のないことは明ら
かである。In addition, with respect to the straightened tubular body 4a thus obtained as shown in FIG. 3, the outer surface bulging portion 4a was cut off to utilize it as a press-fitting type bearing material. The coaxiality was 0.008 mm, and it was confirmed to be a preferable product. Moreover, the result of measuring the inner surface state after scraping off the outer surface bulging portion 4b is as shown in FIG. 2 (b). Even if there is a slight difference, this is due to the difference in the measuring portion and is substantially the same. It is clear that there is no significant difference from the one in Figure (a).
「発明の効果」 以上説明したような本発明によるときは内面中間部を外
側方向に膨出凹入させた軸受材を量産的なサイジング行
程で適切に得ることができるものであり、それによって
該軸受材と回転軸との間における摩擦抵抗を適切に低減
することができ、又斯かる軸受材を簡易且つ低コストに
製造することができるものであるから工業的にその効果
の大きい発明てある。[Advantages of the Invention] According to the present invention as described above, a bearing material having an inner surface intermediate portion bulged outwardly can be appropriately obtained in a mass-production sizing process. Since the frictional resistance between the bearing material and the rotary shaft can be appropriately reduced, and the bearing material can be manufactured easily and at low cost, the invention has an industrially great effect. .
図面は本発明の実施態様を示すものであって、第1図は
本発明方法を実施するサイジング設備の断面図であっ
て、上パンチの上死点での状態を左半部に示し、又その
下死点での状態を右半部に示したものであり、第2図は
そのサイジング処理で得られた製品の内面状態を高さ方
向で5倍、厚さ方向で100倍に拡大して示す測定チャ
ート、第3図はこのサイジング処理された製品の外観と
断面を併せて示した側面図である。 然してこれらの図面において、1は下ダイ、1aは上ダ
イ、2は下パンチ、2aは上パンチ、3は下部ガイドコ
ア、3aは上部ガイドコア、4は筒状体、4aはサイジ
ングされた軸受としての筒状体、4bはその外面膨出
部、4cはその内面の凹入した膨出部、5は弾性材、6
は間隙部、10はホルダーを示すものである。The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a sizing equipment for carrying out the method of the present invention, showing the state of the upper punch at the top dead center in the left half part, and The state at the bottom dead center is shown in the right half, and Fig. 2 shows the state of the inner surface of the product obtained by the sizing treatment at 5 times in the height direction and 100 times in the thickness direction. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the appearance and cross section of the sized product together. However, in these drawings, 1 is a lower die, 1a is an upper die, 2 is a lower punch, 2a is an upper punch, 3 is a lower guide core, 3a is an upper guide core, 4 is a cylindrical body, 4a is a sized bearing. As a cylindrical body, 4b is a bulged portion on the outer surface thereof, 4c is a bulged portion on the inner surface of which is recessed, 5 is an elastic material, 6
Is a gap, and 10 is a holder.
Claims (2)
状体をサイジングするに当り、前記筒状体を下ダイに設
けられた下パンチ上にセットし、該筒状体を上ダイに設
けられた上パンチで圧縮矯正せしめ、前記上パンチによ
る圧縮矯正の下死点において上記下ダイと上ダイとの間
に間隙を形成せしめ、圧縮矯正される前記筒状体の中間
部内面を外側方向に膨出凹入させることを特徴とする軸
受材の製造方法。1. When sizing a cylindrical body obtained by compacting and then sintering, the cylindrical body is set on a lower punch provided in a lower die, and the cylindrical body is set. Is compressed and corrected by an upper punch provided on the upper die, and a gap is formed between the lower die and the upper die at the bottom dead center of the compression correction by the upper punch, and the intermediate of the cylindrical body to be compressed and corrected. A method for manufacturing a bearing material, comprising bulging an inner surface of the portion outwardly.
状体の内径に対し該筒状体の軸方向長さが1.1〜7.0倍の
ものとして準備され、これをサイジングする特許請求の
範囲第1項に記載した軸受材の製造方法。2. A patent for sizing a tubular body prepared in such a manner that the axial length of the tubular body is 1.1 to 7.0 times the inner diameter of the tubular body obtained by compacting and then sintering. A method for manufacturing the bearing material according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP28791085A JPH064883B2 (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1985-12-23 | Bearing material manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP28791085A JPH064883B2 (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1985-12-23 | Bearing material manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS62149803A JPS62149803A (en) | 1987-07-03 |
JPH064883B2 true JPH064883B2 (en) | 1994-01-19 |
Family
ID=17723307
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP28791085A Expired - Lifetime JPH064883B2 (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1985-12-23 | Bearing material manufacturing method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH064883B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3475215B2 (en) * | 1995-11-30 | 2003-12-08 | 日立粉末冶金株式会社 | Composite porous bearing |
JP3511553B2 (en) * | 1996-08-02 | 2004-03-29 | 日立粉末冶金株式会社 | Method for producing sintered oil-impregnated bearing |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5884222A (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1983-05-20 | Hitachi Powdered Metals Co Ltd | Production method for sintered oil containing bearing |
-
1985
- 1985-12-23 JP JP28791085A patent/JPH064883B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5884222A (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1983-05-20 | Hitachi Powdered Metals Co Ltd | Production method for sintered oil containing bearing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS62149803A (en) | 1987-07-03 |
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