JPH0646152B2 - Liquid metal sealed heat pipe - Google Patents
Liquid metal sealed heat pipeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0646152B2 JPH0646152B2 JP15128887A JP15128887A JPH0646152B2 JP H0646152 B2 JPH0646152 B2 JP H0646152B2 JP 15128887 A JP15128887 A JP 15128887A JP 15128887 A JP15128887 A JP 15128887A JP H0646152 B2 JPH0646152 B2 JP H0646152B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wick
- liquid
- heat pipe
- working fluid
- liquid metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は例えば宇宙用熱機関、一般内燃機関、その他の
高温熱交換装置に用いる液体金属封入ヒートパイプに関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a liquid metal sealed heat pipe used in, for example, a space heat engine, a general internal combustion engine, and other high temperature heat exchange devices.
従来の液体金属封入ヒートパイプの一例を第４図に示
す。An example of a conventional liquid metal sealed heat pipe is shown in FIG.
第４図に示す従来の液体金属封入ヒートパイプは、密閉
された外管１、同外管１の側壁内面に取付けられたウイ
ック２、同ウイック２に囲まれた中空部３および封入さ
れた液体金属の作動流体により構成されており、上記の
作動流体の液体金属にはリチウム(Li)、ナトリウム(N
a)、カリウム(K)、水銀(Hg)などが用いられ、またウイ
ック２には第５図に示すような細い針金による金網状の
もの２ａや第６図に示すような細溝５を有する形状のも
の２ｂなどが用いられる。The conventional liquid metal sealed heat pipe shown in FIG. 4 is a sealed outer tube 1, a wick 2 attached to the inner surface of the side wall of the outer tube 1, a hollow portion 3 surrounded by the wick 2, and a sealed liquid. It is composed of a metal working fluid.Liquid (Li), sodium (N
a), potassium (K), mercury (Hg), etc. are used, and the wick 2 has a wire mesh 2a made of fine wire as shown in FIG. 5 and a narrow groove 5 as shown in FIG. The shape 2b or the like is used.
上記のヒートパイプは安定作動状態においては加熱部分
Ａにて外部から熱を吸収してウイック２内の液状の作動
流体が沸騰・蒸発して中空部３に蒸気として放出され
る。この蒸気は矢印Ｄに示すように上方に進行して冷却
部Ｂにて外部に放熱して凝縮し、液状の作動流体となり
ウイック２に付着する。液状の作動流体は矢印Ｃに示す
ようにウイック２内を毛細管作用によって下降して加熱
部Ａに還る。このような循環により熱の輸送が継続され
る。In the stable operation state, the above heat pipe absorbs heat from the outside at the heating portion A, the liquid working fluid in the wick 2 boils and evaporates, and is discharged to the hollow portion 3 as vapor. As shown by arrow D, this vapor travels upward and radiates heat to the outside in the cooling section B to be condensed and becomes a liquid working fluid and adheres to the wick 2. The liquid working fluid descends in the wick 2 by the capillary action and returns to the heating portion A as shown by an arrow C. The heat transport is continued by such circulation.
従来の装置では、ヒートパイプ起動前には初期液溜り４
が管底にあり、加熱部Ａが加熱されることにより初期液
溜り４の作動流体が徐々に蒸発し冷却部Ｂで冷却され液
化するがウイック２に用いる金属と液状の作動流体との
濡れ性が悪い場合には毛細管作用が不十分のため冷却部
Ｂから加熱部Ａに向ってウイック２内に連続した、ある
いは全周に汎る液膜が仲々形成されない。このため加熱
部Ａのウイック２での吸熱量が少く、蒸発は初期液溜り
４の部分のみで生ずる状態が長く続くことがある。この
ため、ウイック２全体に液膜流が出来て安定作動状態に
なるまで、長時間を要するという問題点があった。In the conventional device, the initial liquid pool 4
Is at the bottom of the tube, and the working fluid in the initial liquid pool 4 is gradually evaporated by heating the heating portion A and is cooled and liquefied in the cooling portion B, but the wettability between the metal used for the wick 2 and the liquid working fluid is If it is not good, since the capillary action is insufficient, a continuous or full-circumferential liquid film is not formed in the wick 2 from the cooling part B to the heating part A. For this reason, the amount of heat absorbed by the wick 2 of the heating section A is small, and evaporation may occur only in the initial liquid pool 4 for a long time. Therefore, there is a problem that it takes a long time to form a liquid film flow on the entire wick 2 and reach a stable operation state.
本発明は上記の問題点を解決しようとするものである。The present invention is intended to solve the above problems.
本発明では作動液封入前に予めウイック部の金属材料表
面に蒸着薄膜表面処理法に依り銀(Ag)あるいは金(Au)な
どの純金属で作動流体として用いる液体金属元素との化
合性がよくアマルガムを形成し易い金属薄膜を蒸着させ
る。In the present invention, before filling with the working fluid, the compatibility with the liquid metal element used as the working fluid is good with a pure metal such as silver (Ag) or gold (Au) depending on the deposition thin film surface treatment method on the surface of the metal material of the wick in advance. A metal thin film that easily forms an amalgam is deposited.
ヒートパイプの加熱部で蒸気となった作動流体は中空部
を上昇して冷却部に達し冷却部でウイックの表面に接触
して冷却液化する。ウイックの表面に蒸着された金属薄
膜は冷却液化した上記の作動流体と化合しアマルガムを
形成する。同アマルガムは作動流体の化合物のため濡れ
性が良好で十分な毛細管作用を行うため冷却部のウイッ
ク内の液状の作動流体は直ちに加熱部に環流され熱の輸
送を繰返す。The working fluid vaporized in the heating part of the heat pipe rises in the hollow part, reaches the cooling part, contacts the surface of the wick in the cooling part, and is liquefied by cooling. The metal thin film deposited on the surface of the wick is combined with the cooling liquefied working fluid to form an amalgam. The amalgam, which is a compound of the working fluid, has a good wettability and performs a sufficient capillary action. Therefore, the liquid working fluid in the wick of the cooling section is immediately circulated to the heating section to repeat the heat transfer.
上記のようにウイックの表面に金属薄膜を形成すること
によってウイック表面の濡れ性が向上し十分な毛細管作
用を行うためヒートパイプの起動時初期液溜りは急速に
消滅し直ちに安定した作動状態に入ることができる。By forming a thin metal film on the surface of the wick as described above, the wettability of the wick surface is improved and sufficient capillary action is performed so that the initial pool of liquid at the start of the heat pipe disappears rapidly and immediately enters a stable operating state. be able to.
本発明の液体金属封入のヒートパイプの一実施例を第１
図および第２図に示す。First Embodiment of a Liquid Metal-Encapsulated Heat Pipe of the Present Invention
Shown in Figures and FIG.
第１図に示す本発明の装置は、密閉された外管１、同外
管１の側壁内面に取付けられ表面に銀(Ag)の薄膜６を蒸
着し、第２図に示すような溝型形状のウイック２、およ
び中空部３により構成され、作動流体としてナトリウム
(Na)が外管１内に封入されている。The apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is a sealed outer tube 1 and is attached to the inner surface of the side wall of the outer tube 1 and a thin film 6 of silver (Ag) is vapor-deposited on the surface, and a groove type as shown in FIG. Sodium is used as a working fluid, which is composed of a wick 2 having a shape and a hollow portion 3.
(Na) is enclosed in the outer tube 1.
上記において銀(Ag)の薄膜蒸着およびナトリウム(Na)の
作動流体封入のプロセスは次の通りである。In the above, the process of thin film deposition of silver (Ag) and encapsulation of working fluid of sodium (Na) is as follows.
まず、前処理としてウイック２を取付けた外管１を約90
0〜1,000℃の高温および100Torr程度の真空状態に維持
する。次に外管１内に銀(Ag)蒸気を導入してウイック２
の表面に銀(Ag)を蒸着させ数μｍの厚さの銀(Ag)薄膜６
を形成させる。First, as a pretreatment, the outer tube 1 with the wick 2 attached is about 90
Maintain a high temperature of 0 to 1,000 ℃ and a vacuum state of about 100 Torr. Next, wick 2 by introducing silver (Ag) vapor into the outer tube 1.
Silver (Ag) thin film with a thickness of several μm deposited on the surface of
To form.
上記処理の後、外管１内にナトリウム(Na)液を充填する
が、このとき外管１の温度は250℃程度ナトリウム(Na)
液は200℃程度としてする。After the above treatment, the outer tube 1 is filled with a sodium (Na) solution. At this time, the temperature of the outer tube 1 is about 250 ° C sodium (Na).
The liquid should be about 200 ° C.
ナトリウム(Na)液の充填完了後外管１は密閉されヒート
パイプは製作完了となる。After the filling of the sodium (Na) liquid is completed, the outer tube 1 is sealed and the heat pipe is completed.
上記のヒートパイプにおいて、加熱部Ａが加熱されるこ
とによって蒸発した初期液溜り４の液状のナトリウム(N
a)は中空部３を矢印Ｄに示すように上昇し冷却部Ｂに達
し銀(Ag)の薄膜６が蒸着されたウイック２の表面にて凝
縮液化する。この凝縮液は直ちに銀(Ag)の薄膜６と化合
しウイック２の溝５の表面にアマルガムを形成する。同
アマルガムがナトリウム(Na)の化合物のため液体ナトリ
ウム(Na)７はウイック２の表面に第３図に示すような形
状で付着し良好な濡れ性を示す。そのため冷却部Ｂのウ
イック２の表面に付着した液体ナトリウム(Na)はウイッ
ク２の毛細管作用により矢印Ｃに示すように直ちに加熱
部Ａに環流し熱の輸送を繰返す。In the above heat pipe, liquid sodium (N
In a), the hollow portion 3 rises as shown by an arrow D, reaches the cooling portion B, and is condensed and liquefied on the surface of the wick 2 on which the thin film 6 of silver (Ag) is deposited. This condensate immediately combines with the silver (Ag) thin film 6 to form an amalgam on the surface of the groove 5 of the wick 2. Since the amalgam is a compound of sodium (Na), liquid sodium (Na) 7 adheres to the surface of the wick 2 in the shape shown in FIG. 3 and exhibits good wettability. Therefore, the liquid sodium (Na) adhering to the surface of the wick 2 of the cooling section B is immediately circulated to the heating section A as shown by an arrow C by the capillary action of the wick 2 and repeats the transportation of heat.
上記のようにウイック２の表面に銀(Ag)の薄膜６を蒸着
させたことにより、ウイック２の表面が作動流体の液体
ナトリウム(Na)に対して低温条件あるいは初期接触にお
いても良好な濡れ性を示し直ちにウイック２の表面に液
体ナトリウムの液膜が拡がり十分な毛細管作用を行うた
め初期液溜り４は急速に消滅しヒートパイプは速やかに
安定した作動状態に入ることできる。By depositing the thin film 6 of silver (Ag) on the surface of the wick 2 as described above, the surface of the wick 2 has good wettability even under low temperature conditions or initial contact with the liquid sodium (Na) of the working fluid. The liquid film of liquid sodium spreads immediately on the surface of the wick 2 and performs a sufficient capillary action, so that the initial liquid pool 4 disappears rapidly and the heat pipe can quickly enter a stable operating state.
なお、上記実施例は銀(Ag)の薄膜をウイック内面の全面
に形成しているが、本発明においては、上記の銀(Ag)の
薄膜はウイックの溝の内面のみ等一部に形成してもよ
く、この場合においても従来の装置に比べ起動時の安定
作動状態への移行の迅速性は改善される。In the above example, the thin film of silver (Ag) is formed on the entire inner surface of the wick, but in the present invention, the thin film of silver (Ag) is formed only on the inner surface of the groove of the wick. However, even in this case, the speed of transition to the stable operation state at the time of startup is improved as compared with the conventional device.
ウイックの表面に作動流体と化合してアマルガムを形成
する金属薄膜を蒸着させることによりウイック表面の濡
れ性が向上し毛細管作用が良好に行われるようになり使
用姿勢、低温からの起動、振動環境など悪条件下の使用
に際しても起動後速やかに安定作動状態に入ることが可
能となる。By depositing a metal thin film that forms an amalgam by combining with the working fluid on the surface of the wick, the wettability of the wick surface is improved and the capillary action is better performed. Even when used under adverse conditions, it is possible to enter a stable operating state immediately after startup.
第１図は本発明の装置の実施例の説明図、第２図は第１
図のＩ−Ｉ矢視図、第３図は本発明の装置の濡れ性の説
明図、第４図は従来の装置の説明図、第５図は第４図の
II−II矢視図の一例、第６図は第４図のII−II矢視図の
他の例である。 １……外管、２……ウイック、２ａ……金網状ウイッ
ク、２ｂ……溝型ウイック、３……中空部、４……初期
液溜り、５……溝、６……銀(Ag)の薄膜、７……液体ナ
トリウム。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a view showing the wettability of the apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 4 is an illustration of a conventional apparatus, and FIG. 5 is a view of FIG.
FIG. 6 is an example of the view taken along the line II-II, and FIG. 6 is another example of the view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1 ... Outer tube, 2 ... Wick, 2a ... Wire mesh wick, 2b ... Groove type wick, 3 ... Hollow part, 4 ... Initial liquid pool, 5 ... Groove, 6 ... Silver (Ag) Thin film, 7 ... Liquid sodium.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 植屋 勝己 兵庫県神戸市兵庫区和田宮通７丁目１番14 号 西菱エンジニアリング株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Katsumi Ueya 7-14 Wadamiyadori, Hyogo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture Nishiryo Engineering Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
おいて、外管の側壁内面に取付けるウイックの内面に上
記作動流体とアマルガム層を形成し易い金属を蒸着させ
たことを特長とする液体金属封入ヒートパイプ。1. In a heat pipe using a liquid metal as a working fluid, the working fluid and a metal that easily forms an amalgam layer are vapor-deposited on an inner surface of a wick attached to an inner surface of a side wall of an outer tube. heat pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15128887A JPH0646152B2 (en) | 1987-06-19 | 1987-06-19 | Liquid metal sealed heat pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15128887A JPH0646152B2 (en) | 1987-06-19 | 1987-06-19 | Liquid metal sealed heat pipe |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63315888A JPS63315888A (en) | 1988-12-23 |
| JPH0646152B2 true JPH0646152B2 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
Family
ID=15515406
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15128887A Expired - Lifetime JPH0646152B2 (en) | 1987-06-19 | 1987-06-19 | Liquid metal sealed heat pipe |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0646152B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100787953B1 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2007-12-24 | 주식회사한국포조텍 | Heat pipe with light weight wick structure |
| US6807348B2 (en) * | 2002-03-14 | 2004-10-19 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Liquid metal heat pipe structure for x-ray target |
-
1987
- 1987-06-19 JP JP15128887A patent/JPH0646152B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63315888A (en) | 1988-12-23 |
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