JPH0636355B2 - Light emitting electron tube - Google Patents
Light emitting electron tubeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0636355B2 JPH0636355B2 JP12061186A JP12061186A JPH0636355B2 JP H0636355 B2 JPH0636355 B2 JP H0636355B2 JP 12061186 A JP12061186 A JP 12061186A JP 12061186 A JP12061186 A JP 12061186A JP H0636355 B2 JPH0636355 B2 JP H0636355B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- anode
- cathode
- tube
- distance
- light emitting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［技術分野］ 本発明は管体内部に封入した光放射気体を電子の衝突に
より励起させ、光を管体外へ放射する光放射電子管に関
するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a light emitting electron tube which emits light to the outside of a tube by exciting a light emitting gas sealed inside the tube by collision of electrons.
［背景技術］ 従来技術として、たとえば、特開昭５７−１３０３６４
号公報に開示されたようなランプがある。BACKGROUND ART As a conventional technique, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-130364
There is a lamp as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication.
かかるランプは第５図に示すように管体１内を完全な真
空とするのではなく、例えば水銀蒸気が数mToor程度存
在する低真空とし、熱電子放出型カソード２より放出さ
れた電子を電界により加速すると共にアノード３を電子
通過性の形状にすることにより、電子の大半を発光空間
４′で紫外線放射気体である水銀蒸気に衝突させて水銀
を励起して紫外線放射を起こし、この紫外線を管体１の
内面に塗布せる蛍光体（紫外線励起型）に当て、所望の
可視光変換を行わせるものである。尚同図中５は直流電
源である。In such a lamp, the inside of the tube body 1 is not completely vacuumed as shown in FIG. 5, but a low vacuum in which mercury vapor exists for several mToor is used, and electrons emitted from the thermionic emission type cathode 2 are converted into an electric field. By accelerating with and making the anode 3 into an electron-passing shape, most of the electrons are made to collide with mercury vapor, which is an ultraviolet radiating gas, in the light emission space 4 ′ to excite mercury to cause ultraviolet radiation, and this ultraviolet radiation It is applied to a phosphor (UV-excitation type) applied to the inner surface of the tubular body 1 to perform desired visible light conversion. In the figure, 5 is a DC power supply.
ところでかかる従来例においては電子を背後空間４′に
入射させるために、管体１内部の空間電荷の影響を除去
させる必要があった。そのためアノードには封入物質の
電離電圧以上の電位をかけ、管体１内をプラズマ状態に
しなければならず、その結果背後空間４′内の電子エネ
ルギは第６図のロ曲線で示すようにかなり高く、励起発
光に最適な値（第６図のイ曲線）からは大きくずれてお
り、非常に発光効率が悪いという問題があった。By the way, in such a conventional example, it is necessary to remove the influence of the space charge inside the tubular body 1 in order to make the electrons enter the back space 4 '. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a potential higher than the ionization voltage of the enclosed substance to the anode so that the inside of the tube body 1 is in a plasma state, and as a result, the electron energy in the back space 4'is considerably large as shown by the curve B in FIG. It is high and deviates greatly from the optimum value for excited light emission (curve A in FIG. 6), and there is a problem that the light emission efficiency is very poor.
［発明の目的］ 本発明は上記の欠点に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的
とするところは管体内での電子のエネルギを低下させ、
より発光効率のよい光放射電子管を提供するにある。[Object of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the energy of electrons in a tubular body,
Another object is to provide a light emitting electron tube with higher luminous efficiency.
［発明の開示］ 本発明は、内部に低圧の光放射気体が封入され、光放射
に対して透光性を有し両端が閉塞した直管状の管体と、
該管体の中心軸上に内部空洞型のアノードと、熱電子放
出型カソードとを設けるとともに、アノード配置側の管
体の一方の端部の外にＮ極を、管体の他方の端部の外に
Ｓ極を配置した静磁界発生源を具備し、管体の一方の端
部とアノードとの距離をアノードとカソードとの距離と
ほぼ等しく且つアノードとカソードとの距離をカソード
と管体の他方の端部との距離より十分小さく設定したこ
とを特徴とするものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a straight tubular body in which a low-pressure light-emitting gas is sealed inside, is transparent to light radiation, and has both ends closed.
An internal cavity type anode and a thermionic emission type cathode are provided on the central axis of the tubular body, and an N pole is provided outside one end of the tubular body on the anode arrangement side and the other end of the tubular body. A static magnetic field generating source having an S pole disposed outside the anode, the distance between one end of the tubular body and the anode is approximately equal to the distance between the anode and the cathode, and the distance between the anode and the cathode is the cathode and the tubular body. It is characterized in that it is set to be sufficiently smaller than the distance from the other end of the.
以下本発明を実施例により説明する。The present invention will be described below with reference to examples.
実施例１ 第１図は実施例の概略構成を示しており、透光性を有す
る直管状の管体１内には水銀、セシウム、ナトリウム等
の光放射気体が低圧で封入され、管体１の一方の端部内
にはカソード２を配設するとともに、このカソード２と
管端との間に内部空洞型である環状のアノード３を配設
してある。そして一方の管端からアノード３までの距離
をl1とし、アノード３とカソード２との間の距離をl2、
カソード２から管体１の他方の管端までの距離をＬ、電
子の平均自由行程をλとすると、ｌ１ｌ２≦λ＜＜Ｌな
る関係があるように設定して正特性放電が得られるよう
にしてある。そして管体１のアノード３の配置側の一端
部外にＮ極を、他端部外にＳ極を配置した静電磁界発生
源６を備えてある。Example 1 FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an example, in which a light emitting gas such as mercury, cesium and sodium is enclosed at a low pressure in a straight tubular tube 1 having a light transmitting property. A cathode 2 is provided in one end portion of the above, and an annular hollow anode 3 having an internal cavity is provided between the cathode 2 and the tube end. And the distance from one tube end to the anode 3 is l 1, and the distance between the anode 3 and the cathode 2 is l 2 ,
Assuming that the distance from the cathode 2 to the other tube end of the tube 1 is L and the mean free path of electrons is λ, it is set so that l 1 l 2 ≦ λ << L and positive characteristic discharge is obtained. I am allowed to do so. An electrostatic magnetic field generation source 6 having an N pole outside one end of the tubular body 1 on the side where the anode 3 is arranged and an S pole outside the other end is provided.
次に本発明光放射電子管の動作を第２図の原理図に基づ
いて説明する。Next, the operation of the light emitting electron tube of the present invention will be described based on the principle diagram of FIG.
まずカソード２とアノード３間に直流電源５の電圧を印
加すると、カソード２から電子が飛び出し、その飛び出
した電子は磁石６の磁力線（第２図において破線で示
す）に巻き付けながら管壁にぶつかり、反射されて発光
空間４に磁力線に巻き付いたまま入射し、そこで封入し
てある光放射気体、例えばＨｇ原子にぶつかるまで往復
運動をする。従って、一つの電子に対応する励起割合が
増加することになる。ここで電子のエネルギについて説
明する。まず第３図はアノード３とカソード２間の電位
分布を示しており、カソード２を飛び出した電子は磁力
線に沿って管壁に沿って管壁かへ向かう。その時に得る
エネルギはl1eEdlで表される。また管壁から反射してい
く電子の得るエネルギは∫l2eEdlで表される。よって発
光空間４での電子エネルギはe（∫l1eEdl＋∫l1eEdl）
となる。さてここで第４図から電子はアノードよりも低
い電位の部分を通過していることが分かる。何故ならば
磁力線に束縛されているため。First, when a voltage of the DC power supply 5 is applied between the cathode 2 and the anode 3, electrons fly out from the cathode 2, and the jumping electrons collide with the magnetic field lines (shown by broken lines in FIG. 2) of the magnet 6 and hit the tube wall, The reflected light is incident on the light emission space 4 while being wound around the magnetic field lines, and reciprocates until it collides with the light emitting gas, such as Hg atoms, enclosed therein. Therefore, the excitation rate corresponding to one electron increases. Here, the energy of electrons will be described. First, FIG. 3 shows the potential distribution between the anode 3 and the cathode 2, and the electrons jumping out of the cathode 2 go toward the tube wall along the tube wall along the lines of magnetic force. The energy obtained at that time is represented by l 1 eEdl. The energy obtained by the electron reflected from the tube wall is represented by ∫l 2 eEdl. Therefore, the electron energy in the luminous space 4 is e (∫l 1 eEdl + ∫l 1 eEdl)
Becomes Now, from FIG. 4, it can be seen that the electrons pass through a portion having a lower potential than the anode. Because it is bound by the magnetic field lines.
従って∫l1eEdl＋∫l1eEdl＜eVaとなっている。尚Ｅは
電界の強さ、Vaはアノードの電位を示す。Therefore, ∫l 1 eEdl ＋ ∫l 1 eEdl <eVa. E is the strength of the electric field, and Va is the potential of the anode.
以上のように電子が得るエネルギがアノードの電位より
もかなり低くなって例えば紫外線励起にふさわしくな
り、しかも一つの電子に対応するれき割合が増加するた
め非常に発光効率が上昇する。As described above, the energy obtained by the electrons is much lower than the potential of the anode, and it is suitable for, for example, ultraviolet excitation, and the fraction ratio corresponding to one electron is increased, so that the light emission efficiency is greatly increased.
またカソード２が管端より離れることにより、カソード
２の広い領域がプラズマに触れるようになる。従って単
位体積当たりのカソード２に対するスパッタの量が減少
する。そのためカソード２の局所的な温度上昇を防ぐこ
とができ、広い正の電流−電圧特性領域が得られること
になる。Further, since the cathode 2 is separated from the tube end, a wide area of the cathode 2 comes into contact with plasma. Therefore, the amount of sputtering for the cathode 2 per unit volume is reduced. Therefore, the local temperature rise of the cathode 2 can be prevented, and a wide positive current-voltage characteristic region can be obtained.
実施例２ 本実施例は上記実施例１が磁石６として永久磁石を用い
たが、第４図に示すように本実施例では磁石６として電
磁石を用いたものである。Example 2 In this example, a permanent magnet was used as the magnet 6 in Example 1 described above, but as shown in FIG. 4, an electromagnet is used as the magnet 6 in this example.
［発明の効果］ 本発明は上述のように構成し内部に低圧の光放射気体が
封入され、光放射に対して透光性を有し両端が連通した
直管状の管体と、該管体の中心軸上に内部空洞型のアノ
ードと、熱電子放出型カソードとを設けるとともに、ア
ノード配置側の管体の一方の端部の外にＮ極を、管体の
他方の端部の外にＳ極を配置した静磁界発生源を具備
し、管体の一方の端部とアノードとの距離をアノードと
カソードとの距離とほぼ等しく且つアノードとカソード
との距離をカソードと管体の他方の端部との距離より十
分小さく設定したので、発光すべき空間での電子のエネ
ルギはアノードに与える電位よりもかなり低くなって、
励起に適したエネルギとなり、また電子の移動が静磁界
により旋回運動となって一つの電子が励起する割合が増
加して発光効率が上昇し、しかも環状の発光空間を均一
に発光させることができ、更にカソードが管端より離れ
ることにより、カソードの広い領域をプラズマに触れさ
せることができ、結果単位体積当たりのカソードに対す
るスパッタの量を減少してカソードの局所的な温度上昇
を防ぐことができ、広い正の電流−電圧特性領域が得ら
れるという効果を奏する。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention is configured as described above, and a low-pressure light emitting gas is sealed inside, and has a straight tubular body which is transparent to light radiation and has both ends communicating with each other, and the tubular body. An internal cavity type anode and a thermionic emission type cathode are provided on the central axis of the, and an N pole is provided outside one end of the tubular body on the anode arrangement side and outside the other end of the tubular body. A static magnetic field generating source having an S pole is arranged, and the distance between one end of the tube and the anode is approximately equal to the distance between the anode and the cathode, and the distance between the anode and the cathode is the other between the cathode and the tube. Since it was set to be sufficiently smaller than the distance from the end, the energy of the electrons in the space where light should be emitted is much lower than the potential given to the anode,
The energy becomes suitable for excitation, and the movement of electrons becomes a swirling motion due to the static magnetic field to increase the ratio of excitation of one electron to increase the light emission efficiency, and moreover, it is possible to uniformly emit light in the annular light emission space. Moreover, since the cathode is separated from the tube end, a large area of the cathode can be exposed to the plasma, and as a result, the amount of spatter per unit volume of the cathode can be reduced and the local temperature rise of the cathode can be prevented. Thus, there is an effect that a wide positive current-voltage characteristic region can be obtained.
第１図は本発明の実施例１の概略構成図、第２図、第３
図は同上の動作原理説明図、第４図は本発明の実施例２
の概略構成図、第５図は従来例の概略構成図、第６図は
同上のエネルギ分布説明図であり、１は管体、２はカソ
ード、３はアノード、６は磁石である。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the same operation principle as above, and FIG. 4 is a second embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional example, and FIG. 6 is an energy distribution explanatory diagram of the same as above. 1 is a tube body, 2 is a cathode, 3 is an anode, and 6 is a magnet.
Claims (1)
射に対して透光性を有し両端が閉塞した直管状の管体
と、該管体の中心軸上に内部空洞型のアノードと、熱電
子放出型カソードとを設けるとともに、アノード配置側
の管体の一方の端部の外にＮ極を、管体の他方の端部の
外にＳ極を配置した静磁界発生源を具備し、管体の一方
の端部とアノードとの距離をアノードとカソードとの距
離とほぼ等しく且つアノードとカソードとの距離をカソ
ードと管体の他方の端部との距離より十分小さく設定し
たことを特徴とする光放射電子管。1. A straight tubular tube having a low pressure light emitting gas enclosed therein and having a property of transmitting light and having both ends closed, and an internal cavity type tube on the central axis of the tube. A static magnetic field generation source in which an anode and a thermionic emission type cathode are provided, and an N pole is arranged outside one end of the tubular body on the anode arrangement side and an S pole is arranged outside the other end of the tubular body. The distance between one end of the tube and the anode is set to be substantially equal to the distance between the anode and the cathode, and the distance between the anode and the cathode is set sufficiently smaller than the distance between the cathode and the other end of the tube. A light emitting electron tube characterized in that
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12061186A JPH0636355B2 (en) | 1986-05-26 | 1986-05-26 | Light emitting electron tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12061186A JPH0636355B2 (en) | 1986-05-26 | 1986-05-26 | Light emitting electron tube |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62276750A JPS62276750A (en) | 1987-12-01 |
| JPH0636355B2 true JPH0636355B2 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
Family
ID=14790529
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12061186A Expired - Lifetime JPH0636355B2 (en) | 1986-05-26 | 1986-05-26 | Light emitting electron tube |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0636355B2 (en) |
-
1986
- 1986-05-26 JP JP12061186A patent/JPH0636355B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62276750A (en) | 1987-12-01 |
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