JPH06348126A - Developing device - Google Patents
Developing deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06348126A JPH06348126A JP5166534A JP16653493A JPH06348126A JP H06348126 A JPH06348126 A JP H06348126A JP 5166534 A JP5166534 A JP 5166534A JP 16653493 A JP16653493 A JP 16653493A JP H06348126 A JPH06348126 A JP H06348126A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- developer
- blade
- developing device
- conveying member
- developing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、潜像担持体に形成され
た静電潜像を可視像化するための現像装置に関するもの
である。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a developing device for visualizing an electrostatic latent image formed on a latent image carrier.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】複写機、プリンタ、ファクシミリなどの
画像形成装置において、潜像担持体に静電潜像を形成す
るものでは、粉体の現像剤を用いる、乾式型の現像装置
が広く採用されている。2. Description of the Related Art In image forming apparatuses such as copying machines, printers and facsimiles, which form an electrostatic latent image on a latent image bearing member, a dry type developing apparatus using a powder developer is widely adopted. ing.
【０００３】図４は、かかる現像装置の一従来例を示す
ものであり、この現像装置１は、潜像担持体の一構成例
であるドラム状感光体２に対向するように配備されてい
る。現像装置の本体を成す現像容器３は、感光体２に対
向した側部に開口３ａを有したものとなっていて、その
内部には現像剤４が収容されている。この例では、現像
剤４として、キャリアを有さず、必要に応じて補助剤が
外添されたトナーより成る一成分系現像剤が用いられて
いる。FIG. 4 shows a conventional example of such a developing device. The developing device 1 is arranged so as to face a drum-shaped photosensitive member 2 which is an example of the constitution of a latent image carrier. . The developing container 3 that forms the main body of the developing device has an opening 3a on the side facing the photoconductor 2, and the developer 4 is housed therein. In this example, as the developer 4, a one-component type developer made of a toner having no carrier and externally added with an auxiliary agent as needed is used.
【０００４】現像容器３内には現像剤撹拌搬送部材５が
設けられ、この現像剤撹拌搬送部材５は、現像容器３内
の現像剤４が円周方向に撹拌されつつ現像剤担持搬送部
材７に向けて供給されるように、図示矢印方向に回転駆
動される。A developer agitating / conveying member 5 is provided in the developing container 3, and the developer agitating / conveying member 5 is a developer carrying / conveying member 7 while the developer 4 in the developing container 3 is circumferentially agitated. Is driven to rotate in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure.
【０００５】この現像装置１においては、現像剤撹拌搬
送部材５によって撹拌される現像剤４は、先ず、矢印方
向に回転する現像剤供給ローラ６の方に強制的に寄せら
れ、この寄せられた現像剤４が同ローラ６で現像剤担持
搬送部材７上になすりつけられることによって、現像剤
担持搬送部材７の外周面に供給担持されるようになって
いる。In the developing device 1, the developer 4 agitated by the developer agitating / conveying member 5 is first forcibly moved toward the developer supply roller 6 rotating in the direction of the arrow, and is moved to this direction. The developer 4 is rubbed on the developer carrying / conveying member 7 by the roller 6, so that the developer 4 is supplied and carried on the outer peripheral surface of the developer carrying / conveying member 7.
【０００６】図４に一例として示した現像剤担持搬送部
材７は、現像スリーブ又は現像ローラと呼ばれるもので
あり、開口３ａにて一部を現像容器３外に露出させてお
り、外周面に担持させた現像剤が感光体２と対向した現
像領域８に向けて搬送されるように、図示矢印方向に回
転駆動される。The developer carrying / conveying member 7 shown as an example in FIG. 4 is called a developing sleeve or a developing roller, and a part thereof is exposed to the outside of the developing container 3 through the opening 3a and carried on the outer peripheral surface. The developed developer is rotationally driven in the direction of the arrow in the figure so that the developer is conveyed toward the development area 8 facing the photoconductor 2.
【０００７】なお、現像剤担持搬送部材７上の現像剤
が、現像領域８に行く前に、層厚規制部材９によりその
層厚が規制され、この部位で、現像剤（トナー）の帯電
状態が安定化されるようになっている。そして、現像領
域８において、感光体上に形成された静電潜像が、現像
剤担持搬送部材７上の現像剤により、接触又は非接触状
態で、トナー像として可視像化される。The layer thickness of the developer on the developer carrying / conveying member 7 is regulated by the layer thickness regulating member 9 before it goes to the developing area 8, and the charged state of the developer (toner) at this portion. Is being stabilized. Then, in the development area 8, the electrostatic latent image formed on the photoconductor is visualized as a toner image in a contact or non-contact state by the developer on the developer carrying and conveying member 7.
【０００８】ところで、この種の現像装置においては、
現像容器３内の現像室（現像剤担持搬送部材７の位置す
る部位）が、現像剤貯留部（現像剤撹拌搬送部材５の位
置する部位）とほぼ同じ高さとなっていて、現像剤の自
重で、これを現像剤貯留部から現像室の方に移動させる
ことが困難であった。By the way, in this type of developing device,
The developing chamber (the part where the developer carrying / conveying member 7 is located) in the developing container 3 is almost at the same height as the developer storage part (the part where the developer stirring / conveying member 5 is located), and the self-weight of the developer. However, it has been difficult to move this from the developer reservoir to the developing chamber.
【０００９】そこで、現像容器３内に、先に述べたよう
な現像剤撹拌搬送部材５を設け、これを回転させること
によって、現像容器内において撹拌される現像剤を現像
室の方に強制的に搬送していたのである。Therefore, the developer agitating and conveying member 5 as described above is provided in the developing container 3 and is rotated to force the developer agitated in the developing container toward the developing chamber. Had been transported to.
【００１０】従来においては、現像剤撹拌搬送部材５が
図５に示すように１枚の平板状の羽根部５Ａを有するも
のとなっていた。この羽根部５Ａは、現像容器３に回転
自在に支持されている軸１２に一体化され、この軸の端
部に設けたギア１４が、図示していないモータにより、
駆動ピニオン１３を介して駆動されることで、図４に矢
印で示す方向に回転駆動されるようになっていた。Conventionally, the developer stirring / conveying member 5 has one flat blade portion 5A as shown in FIG. The blade portion 5A is integrated with a shaft 12 that is rotatably supported by the developing container 3, and a gear 14 provided at the end of the shaft is driven by a motor (not shown).
By being driven through the drive pinion 13, it is rotationally driven in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG.
【００１１】この種の現像装置を備えた画像形成装置、
又はその現像装置１を、例えば、工場から出荷し、所定
の場所まで運搬する際、運搬中の振動などにより現像容
器３内の現像剤４が凝集状態となり易く、特に現像剤４
として、図の例のようにキャリアを含まない一成分系現
像剤を用いたときに生じ易い。この凝集は、現像剤撹拌
搬送部材５の軸方向全搬にわたって生じるようになる。An image forming apparatus equipped with this type of developing device,
Alternatively, for example, when the developing device 1 is shipped from a factory and is transported to a predetermined place, the developer 4 in the developing container 3 is likely to be in an agglomerated state due to vibration during transportation, and particularly the developer 4
As described above, when a one-component developer containing no carrier is used as in the example in the figure, it is likely to occur. This aggregation occurs over the entire axial transport of the developer stirring / transporting member 5.
【００１２】現像剤撹拌搬送部材５は、凝集した現像剤
４中に、埋没状態で置かれるために、当該現像装置１を
初めて稼動させるときなどに、羽根部５Ａに加わる初期
負荷抵抗は非常に大きなものとなり、羽根部５Ａが容易
に回転できない状態となってしまう。Since the developer agitating / conveying member 5 is placed in the agglomerated developer 4 in a buried state, the initial load resistance applied to the blade portion 5A is very high when the developing device 1 is operated for the first time. As a result, the blade portion 5A becomes large and the blade portion 5A cannot be easily rotated.
【００１３】かような負荷の増大は、羽根部５Ａの塑性
変形や、駆動伝達歯車間（ギア１３，１４等）における
歯飛び現象などを発生させるばかりでなく、本体駆動源
であるモータなどの故障につながる場合もある。Such an increase in load not only causes plastic deformation of the blade portion 5A and a tooth jumping phenomenon between the drive transmission gears (gears 13, 14 etc.), but also causes a motor such as a main body drive source. It may lead to a breakdown.
【００１４】このような不具合を防止するため、駆動歯
車と羽根部との連結部にトルクリミッタを設ける方法が
提案されているが、かかる方法においては、現像容器内
の現像剤（トナー）が或る程度消費されて駆動トルクが
減少するまで羽根部が回転せず、画像形成装置又はその
現像装置を初めて稼動させるようなとき、しばらくは現
像剤撹拌搬送部材による現像剤の搬送供給が行われなく
なるおそれがある。In order to prevent such a problem, a method has been proposed in which a torque limiter is provided at the connecting portion between the drive gear and the blade portion. In such a method, however, the developer (toner) in the developing container is not removed. When the image forming device or its developing device is operated for the first time until the blade portion rotates until the driving torque is consumed to some extent and the image forming device or its developing device is operated for the first time, the developer agitating / conveying member will not carry the developer There is a risk.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記点に鑑み
なされたものであって、その目的とするところは、例え
ば初期稼動時に、凝集した現像剤によって現像剤撹拌搬
送部材に過大な負荷が加わらないようにして、その羽根
部の変形や、駆動伝達歯車間の歯飛び現象などの発生を
抑え、円滑且つ確実に安定して、現像容器内の現像剤を
撹拌搬送できるようにした現像装置を提供することにあ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention, for example, that an excessive load is applied to a developer stirring / conveying member due to agglomerated developer during initial operation. A developing device capable of agitating and transporting the developer in the developing container by suppressing the deformation of the blade portion and the occurrence of tooth jumping between the drive transmission gears by preventing the developer from being added. To provide.
【００１６】[0016]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記目的を達
成するため、潜像担持体に対向配置される現像装置であ
って、潜像担持体に対向した側部に開口を有し、内部に
現像剤が収容される現像容器と、前記開口にて一部を現
像容器外に露出させ、外周面に担持させた現像剤を潜像
担持体と対向した現像領域に向けて搬送する現像剤担持
搬送部材と、現像容器内の現像剤が撹拌されつつ、現像
剤担持搬送部材に向けて供給されるように回転駆動され
る現像剤撹拌搬送部材とを有する現像装置において、前
記現像剤撹拌搬送部材を、この配設方向に配列され、現
像剤を押し出しながら回転する複数の羽根部で構成する
と共に、各羽根部間に回転駆動力伝達部を設け、この回
転駆動力伝達部は、１つの羽根部が現像剤を押し出す
際、その羽根部に加わる負荷が回転始めの初期の負荷か
ら、これよりも小さい負荷に軽減されるまで、該羽根部
が回転した後、その羽根部から、相隣接する羽根部に回
転駆動力が伝達されるような回転駆動力伝達部とし、且
つ、その伝達が、一方の端部側の羽根部から、他方の端
部側の羽根部に向けて順次、行われるような回転駆動力
伝達部として構成されている現像装置を提案するもので
ある。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a developing device arranged to face a latent image carrier, and has an opening at a side portion facing the latent image carrier, A developing container in which a developer is accommodated, and a developing part of which is exposed to the outside of the developing container through the opening and which carries the developer carried on the outer peripheral surface toward a developing area facing the latent image carrier. In a developing device having a developer carrying / conveying member and a developer agitating / conveying member rotatably driven so as to be supplied toward the developer carrying / conveying member while the developer in the developing container is agitated, The transport member is arranged in this arrangement direction and is composed of a plurality of blade portions that rotate while pushing out the developer, and a rotational drive force transmission portion is provided between the blade portions. When the two blades push out the developer, Until the load is reduced from the initial load at the start of rotation to a smaller load than that, the rotary drive force is transmitted from the blade to the adjacent blades. It is configured as a rotational drive force transmission unit, and the transmission is performed sequentially from the blade portion on one end side toward the blade portion on the other end side. A developing device is proposed.
【００１７】なお、上述の回転駆動力伝達部は、羽根部
の回転中心軸同士を、雄ネジと雌ネジとで互いに螺合さ
せるネジ構造部として構成されるものであると、効果的
である。It is effective that the above-mentioned rotational driving force transmitting portion is configured as a screw structure portion in which the rotation center axes of the blade portions are screwed with each other by a male screw and a female screw. .
【００１８】又、回転駆動力伝達部は、羽根部の回転中
心軸間に介装されるトルクリミッタとして構成されるも
のであると、効果的である。Further, it is effective that the rotary driving force transmitting portion is configured as a torque limiter interposed between the rotation center axes of the blade portions.
【００１９】更に、複数の羽根部の羽根は円周方向の位
置がそれぞれ異なっていて、一部の羽根が現像容器内の
現像剤に埋没しないように、現像剤撹拌搬送部材が配設
されるものであると、効果的である。Furthermore, the blades of the plurality of blades are located at different positions in the circumferential direction, and a developer agitating / conveying member is arranged so that some of the blades are not buried in the developer in the developing container. It is effective if it is one.
【００２０】[0020]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面に従って詳細に
説明する。なお、この実施例における現像装置の基本的
な構成と作用は、図４に示した従来の現像装置と変りは
なく、よって以下の説明に当って、従来例と同一の機能
を達成する部材については、便宜上、同一の符号を使用
し、従来と同一部分についての説明は省略する。また本
例でも、現像剤として一成分系現像剤が用いられるもの
とする。Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The basic structure and operation of the developing device in this embodiment are the same as those of the conventional developing device shown in FIG. 4. Therefore, in the following description, members that achieve the same functions as those of the conventional device will be described. For the sake of convenience, the same reference numerals are used, and the description of the same parts as those of the related art will be omitted. Also in this example, a one-component developer is used as the developer.
【００２１】図１は、本発明一実施例の現像装置の一部
である現像剤撹拌搬送部材周辺構成部の横断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a peripheral portion of a developer stirring and conveying member, which is a part of a developing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【００２２】本実施例の現像装置１１の本体を成す現像
容器３内には現像剤撹拌搬送部材１５が設けられ、これ
は、現像容器３内の現像剤が円周方向に撹拌されつつ、
現像剤担持搬送部材７（図４）に向けて供給されるよう
に回転駆動されるものであって、従来の現像装置に備え
られる現像剤撹拌搬送部材５（図４）に相当するもので
ある。A developer agitating / conveying member 15 is provided in the developing container 3 forming the main body of the developing device 11 of the present embodiment. This is because the developer in the developing container 3 is agitated in the circumferential direction.
It is rotationally driven so as to be supplied toward the developer carrying / conveying member 7 (FIG. 4), and corresponds to the developer stirring / conveying member 5 (FIG. 4) provided in the conventional developing device. .
【００２３】かかる現像剤撹拌搬送部材１５は、従来と
異なり、この配設方向に配列され、現像剤を現像剤担持
搬送部材に向けて押し出しながら回転する複数の羽根部
１８，１９，２０で構成されるものとなっている。各羽
根部１８，１９，２０は、薄い弾性板（例えば商品名マ
イラー）などから成る羽根１８Ｂ，１９Ｂ，２０Ｂと、
その各基端部が一体に固定された中空の回転中心軸１８
Ａ，１９Ａ，２０Ａをそれぞれ有している。図１の例で
は、各羽根部に１枚ずつの羽根が設けられているが、各
羽根部の回転中心軸に複数枚ずつの羽根を固定するよう
にしてもよい。Unlike the conventional case, the developer agitating / conveying member 15 is composed of a plurality of blade portions 18, 19, 20 arranged in this arrangement direction and rotating while pushing out the developer toward the developer carrying / conveying member. It is supposed to be done. Each of the blade portions 18, 19, 20 is a blade 18B, 19B, 20B made of a thin elastic plate (for example, trade name Mylar) or the like,
A hollow rotation center shaft 18 whose base ends are integrally fixed
It has A, 19A, and 20A, respectively. In the example of FIG. 1, one blade is provided for each blade, but a plurality of blades may be fixed to the rotation center axis of each blade.
【００２４】現像容器３には、軸１６が現像剤担持搬送
部材７（図４）と平行するように横架され、この軸１６
は円周方向に回転不能に且つ、両端の止め輪１７により
軸方向に動かぬように保持されている。A shaft 16 is horizontally installed in the developing container 3 so as to be parallel to the developer carrying member 7 (FIG. 4).
Is held so that it cannot rotate in the circumferential direction, and is fixed in the axial direction by retaining rings 17 at both ends.
【００２５】軸１６の一方の端部側にはボス部１４ａを
有したギア１４が回転自在に支持されている。一方の端
部側の羽根部１８は、上述のように、その羽根１８Ｂの
基端部に中空の回転中心軸１８Ａを一体化構成したもの
となっているが、その回転中心軸１８Ａは軸１６に回転
自在に嵌め込まれている。そして、この回転中心軸１８
Ａは、継ぎ手部２２において、ギア１４のボス部１４Ａ
と一体で回るように、それに連結されている。A gear 14 having a boss 14a is rotatably supported on one end of the shaft 16. As described above, the blade portion 18 on one end side has a hollow rotation center shaft 18A integrally formed with the base end portion of the blade 18B. It is rotatably fitted in. And this rotation center axis 18
A is a boss portion 14A of the gear 14 in the joint portion 22.
It is connected to it so that it rotates together with.
【００２６】同様にして、軸１６には、羽根部１９の回
転中心軸１９Ａが、又、羽根部２０の回転中心軸２０Ａ
がそれぞれ回転自在に嵌め込まれている。羽根部２０の
回転中心軸２０Ａの端部と、現像容器３の側壁部との間
には軸１６に挿入された圧縮バネ２３が介設され、この
伸張弾力により、回転中心軸２０ＡにはＡ方向への移動
習性が付与されている。Similarly, the shaft 16 has the rotation center shaft 19A of the blade portion 19 and the rotation center shaft 20A of the blade portion 20.
Are rotatably fitted in each. A compression spring 23 inserted into the shaft 16 is provided between the end of the rotation center shaft 20A of the blade portion 20 and the side wall of the developing container 3, and due to this extension elasticity, the rotation center shaft 20A has an A A habit of moving in the direction is given.
【００２７】図２に示すように、回転中心軸１８Ａの端
部には雄ネジ部１８Ａ1が設けられ、又、回転中心軸１
９Ａの内部には雌ネジ部１９Ａ1が刻設されていて、両
者は互いに螺合された状態にある。かかる部分をネジ構
造部と称するとして、このネジ構造部２４は、この部位
に現像剤が入らないようにするために、現像剤シール部
材２６で被われるようになっている。両回転中心軸１８
Ａ，１９Ａは、共に現像剤シール部材２６に対して相対
回転自在に該シール部材２６に嵌合している。回転中心
軸１９Ａと２０Ａとの間も、図１に示すように、同様な
ネジ構造部となっていて、このネジ構造部２５も、同じ
現像剤シール部材２６で被われるようになっている。As shown in FIG. 2, a male screw portion 18A 1 is provided at the end of the rotation center shaft 18A, and the rotation center shaft 1
A female screw portion 19A 1 is engraved in the interior of 9A so that both are screwed together. Such a portion is referred to as a screw structure portion, and the screw structure portion 24 is covered with a developer seal member 26 in order to prevent the developer from entering this portion. Both rotation center shaft 18
Both A and 19A are fitted into the seal member 26 so as to be rotatable relative to the developer seal member 26. Between the rotation center shafts 19A and 20A, as shown in FIG. 1, a similar screw structure portion is formed, and this screw structure portion 25 is also covered with the same developer seal member 26.
【００２８】ここで、回転中心軸１８Ａと１９Ａとは、
例えば画像形成装置の出荷時などに、雄ネジ部、雌ネジ
部同士が緩んだ状態で互いに連結されている。図２はこ
のような連結状態を示したものである。そして、同様に
回転中心軸１９Ａと２０Ａも、雄ネジ部、雌ネジ部同士
が緩んだ状態で連結されている。Here, the rotation center axes 18A and 19A are
For example, when the image forming apparatus is shipped, the male screw portion and the female screw portion are connected to each other in a loose state. FIG. 2 shows such a connected state. Similarly, the rotation center shafts 19A and 20A are also connected in a state where the male screw portion and the female screw portion are loose.
【００２９】今、出荷された画像形成装置をユーザ側で
初めて稼動させるものとして、図示されないプリント釦
を押すと、図１に示した駆動ピニオン１３に駆動源のモ
ータからの回転が伝達され、ギア１４が回転し、これと
一体になって１つの羽根部１８が矢印ａ方向に回転す
る。Now, assuming that the user operates the shipped image forming apparatus for the first time, when a print button (not shown) is pressed, the rotation from the drive source motor is transmitted to the drive pinion 13 shown in FIG. 14 rotates, and one vane portion 18 rotates in the direction of the arrow a together with this.
【００３０】ここで、現像容器３内の現像剤について
は、軸１６の配設方向の全般にわたって凝集状態となっ
ているものとしておく。羽根部１８の回転により、この
回転領域にある凝集現像剤が、その羽根１８Ｂで押し出
されつつ、撹拌され、解きほぐされる状態となる。すな
わち、現像容器３内の現像剤のうち、端部側（駆動方向
上流側の端部側）の現像剤が初めに解きほぐされるよう
になるのである。そして、一旦、凝集した現像剤が解き
ほぐされるようになると、一気にその負荷は軽減される
ようになる。このあとは、羽根部１８は粉体状になった
現像剤を円周方向に撹拌させるだけの動きをし、これに
加わる負荷は小さなものとなる。Here, the developer in the developing container 3 is assumed to be in a cohesive state in the entire installation direction of the shaft 16. By the rotation of the blade portion 18, the coagulated developer in this rotation area is agitated and unraveled while being pushed out by the blade 18B. That is, of the developers in the developer container 3, the developer on the end side (the end side on the upstream side in the driving direction) is first loosened. Then, once the agglomerated developer comes to be loosened, the load is suddenly reduced. After that, the blade portion 18 moves so as to stir the powdered developer in the circumferential direction, and the load applied thereto is small.
【００３１】羽根部１８が初めに回転しても、回転中心
軸１８Ａと１９Ａとは、ネジ構造部２４において緩んだ
状態で連結されているため、ネジ構造部２４のネジが締
まるまで中央部の羽根部１９は回転を始めない。そし
て、ネジ構造部２４のネジが締まった状態で、初めて、
羽根部１９は回転を始めるのである。Even if the blade portion 18 is rotated for the first time, the rotation center shafts 18A and 19A are connected in a loose state in the screw structure portion 24, so that the central portion of the screw structure portion 24 is tightened until the screw is tightened. The vane portion 19 does not start rotating. Then, with the screws of the screw structure 24 tightened,
The vane portion 19 starts to rotate.
【００３２】ネジが締まると、図２に示す雄ネジ部１８
Ａ1が雌ネジ部１９Ａ1内に入り込み、ＢとＣで示す端部
が互いに密着する。この状態で、中央の羽根部１９が回
り出すのである。When the screw is tightened, the male screw portion 18 shown in FIG.
A 1 enters into the female screw portion 19A in one end portion indicated by B and C is in close contact with each other. In this state, the central blade portion 19 turns around.
【００３３】羽根部１８が数回転して凝集現像剤が解き
ほぐされ、これが終了する頃、ネジが締まって、次の羽
根部１９が回転を始め、この回転時に、今度は、中央部
の凝集現像剤が羽根部１９の羽根１９Ｂによって押し出
されて解きほぐされる。The blade portion 18 is rotated several times to loosen the coagulation developer, and when this is completed, the screw is tightened and the next blade portion 19 starts to rotate. At this time, the coagulation of the central portion is carried out. The developer is pushed out and unraveled by the blade 19B of the blade portion 19.
【００３４】更に、中央の羽根部１９が数回転し、この
回転領域にある凝集現像剤が解きほぐされると、ネジ構
造部２５のネジは締まり、今度は、他方の端部側の羽根
部２０が回転を始め、この回転領域にある凝集現像剤が
解きほぐされる。これを終了すると、各羽根部１８，１
９，２０は全て一体となって同じ方向に回転するように
なる。この際、各羽根部１８，１９，２０の羽根１８
Ｂ，１９Ｂ，２０Ｂによって、さらさらとなった現像剤
（凝集状態の解消された現像剤）が円周方向に撹拌され
て、現像剤担持搬送部材７（図４）の方に向けて供給さ
れる。Further, when the central blade portion 19 is rotated several times and the cohesive developer in this rotation region is unraveled, the screw of the screw structure portion 25 is tightened, and this time, the blade portion 20 on the other end side. Starts to rotate, and the cohesive developer in this rotation area is unraveled. When this is finished, each blade 18,1
All of 9 and 20 rotate together in the same direction. At this time, the blade 18 of each blade portion 18, 19, 20
By B, 19B, and 20B, the free-flowing developer (developer in which the agglomerated state is eliminated) is stirred in the circumferential direction and is supplied toward the developer carrying and conveying member 7 (FIG. 4). .
【００３５】なお、各ネジ構造部２４，２５のネジが締
まることによって生じる、各回転中心軸のガタ（軸方向
のガタ）はバネ２３の弾性力によって吸収される。It should be noted that the play of the rotation center shafts (play in the axial direction) caused by tightening the screws of the screw structure parts 24 and 25 is absorbed by the elastic force of the spring 23.
【００３６】本実施例の現像装置１１に備えられる現像
剤撹拌搬送部材１５は、各羽根部間に設けられる回転駆
動力伝達部を有していて、ネジ構造部２４，２５は、そ
の回転駆動力伝達部の一例を構成するものである。The developer agitating / conveying member 15 provided in the developing device 11 of this embodiment has a rotational driving force transmitting portion provided between the blade portions, and the screw structure portions 24 and 25 are rotationally driven. It constitutes an example of the force transmitting portion.
【００３７】いずれにしても、かかる回転駆動力伝達部
は、１つの羽根部が現像剤を押し出す際、その羽根部に
加わる負荷が回転始めの初期の負荷から、これよりも小
さい負荷に軽減されるまで、該羽根部が回転した後、そ
の羽根部から、相隣接する羽根部に回転駆動力が伝達さ
れるような回転駆動力伝達部として構成されるのであ
る。そして、当該回転駆動力伝達部は、更に、その伝達
が一方の端部側の羽根部から、他方の端部側の羽根部に
向けて順次、行われるような回転駆動力伝達部として構
成される。In any case, when the one blade portion pushes out the developer, the load applied to the blade is reduced from the initial load at the start of rotation to a smaller load than the initial load. Until the blade portion rotates, the blade portion is configured as a rotational driving force transmission portion for transmitting the rotational driving force from the blade portion to the adjacent blade portions. The rotational driving force transmission section is further configured as a rotational driving force transmission section in which the transmission is sequentially performed from the blade portion on one end side toward the blade portion on the other end side. It
【００３８】従来においては、図５に示すように、一枚
の羽根部５Ａのみで、現像容器３内の、凝集した現像剤
（軸方向全般にわたる現像剤）を一気に解きほぐす構成
となっているため、最初の回転負荷の大きさは相当大き
なものとなり、初めにも述べたように、羽根部の塑性変
形や、駆動伝達歯車間の歯飛び現象などを生じたりす
る。更に、その負荷の大きさによっては、本体駆動源の
故障などにつながることもあり、従来においては大容量
の駆動モータを必要としていた。In the prior art, as shown in FIG. 5, only one blade 5A is used to unravel the aggregated developer (developer over the entire axial direction) in the developing container 3 at once. The magnitude of the initial rotational load becomes considerably large, and as described above, plastic deformation of the blade portion, tooth jump phenomenon between the drive transmission gears, and the like occur. Further, depending on the magnitude of the load, it may lead to a failure of the drive source of the main body, so that a large capacity drive motor has been conventionally required.
【００３９】然るに、本例においては、分割された領域
毎に、順次凝集現像剤を解きほぐしてゆくので、１つの
羽根部に加わる負荷については左程、大きくならず、そ
れが塑性変形したりするおそれがない。又、歯飛び現象
などの発生も抑えることができる。更に、現像剤撹拌搬
送部材１５を回転駆動する駆動源についても、大容量の
ものにする必要はない。However, in this example, since the cohesive developer is gradually unraveled for each divided area, the load applied to one blade portion does not increase to the left and plastically deforms it. There is no fear. Further, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of the tooth skipping phenomenon. Further, the drive source for rotating and driving the developer stirring / conveying member 15 does not need to have a large capacity.
【００４０】各羽根部１８，１９，２０を、それぞれ専
用の駆動モータで、時間差をおいて駆動するようにして
も、各分割された領域の現像剤を順次、解きほぐすこと
ができるのであるが、このようにすれば、駆動源の構成
が複雑になってしまい、コスト的にも非常に不利にな
る。本例の場合は駆動源が一つで済み、構成を簡略化し
たりコストを引き下げたりする上で、非常に有利であ
る。Even if each of the blade portions 18, 19 and 20 is driven by a dedicated drive motor with a time lag, the developer in each divided area can be unraveled sequentially. In this case, the structure of the drive source becomes complicated, which is very disadvantageous in terms of cost. In the case of this example, only one drive source is required, which is very advantageous in simplifying the configuration and reducing the cost.
【００４１】本実施例の現像装置１１に具備される現像
剤撹拌搬送部材１５は、羽根部１８，１９，２０の回転
中心軸１８Ａ，１９Ａ，２０Ａ同士を、雄ネジと雌ネジ
とで互いに螺合させるネジ構造部２４，２５として構成
されるものであり、回転中心軸をネジ切り加工するのみ
で、所期の目的を達成することができ、この種の現像装
置を安価なものにすることができる。The developer agitating / conveying member 15 provided in the developing device 11 of the present embodiment is configured such that the rotation center shafts 18A, 19A, 20A of the blade portions 18, 19, 20 are mutually screwed with a male screw and a female screw. It is configured as screw structure parts 24 and 25 to be combined, and the intended purpose can be achieved only by threading the rotation center shaft, and the developing device of this kind can be made inexpensive. You can
【００４２】なお、図１に示す例は、全てのネジが締っ
た状態で、各羽根部１８，１９，２０の羽根１８Ｂ，１
９Ｂ，２０Ｂの円周方向の位置を変えるようにしたもの
であるが、このようにすると、更なるトルクの低減作用
が得られる。この場合、各羽根１８Ｂ，１９Ｂ，２０Ｂ
の位置が変わるように、回転中心軸１８Ａ，１９Ａ，２
０Ａをネジ切りすれば良い。In the example shown in FIG. 1, the blades 18B, 1 of the blade portions 18, 19, 20 are in a state where all the screws are tightened.
Although the positions of 9B and 20B in the circumferential direction are changed, this further effect of reducing torque can be obtained. In this case, each blade 18B, 19B, 20B
So that the position of the rotation center axis 18A, 19A, 2
Thread 0A.
【００４３】図３は、各羽根部間に設けられる回転駆動
力伝達部を、羽根部の回転中心軸間に介装されるトルク
リミッタとして構成するようにした例を示す。FIG. 3 shows an example in which the rotary driving force transmitting portion provided between the blade portions is configured as a torque limiter interposed between the rotation center axes of the blade portions.
【００４４】トルクリミッタ２７は、一端を回転中心軸
１８Ａに係止され、軸１６に挿入されたばね２８と、回
転中心軸１９Ａ側に一対の突起２９ａが設けられ、軸１
６に回転自在に嵌め込まれた摺動板２９とから成ってい
る。なお、ばね２８の他端は摺動板２９に係止されるよ
うになっている。The torque limiter 27 has one end locked to the rotation center shaft 18A, a spring 28 inserted into the shaft 16 and a pair of protrusions 29a on the rotation center shaft 19A side.
6 and a sliding plate 29 rotatably fitted therein. The other end of the spring 28 is locked to the sliding plate 29.
【００４５】ばね２８の伸張弾力により、摺動板２９
は、回転中心軸１９Ａの端面１９Ａ1に押さえつけられ
ていて、且つ、突起２９ａは端面に設けられたＶ溝３０
に係合している。The sliding elasticity of the spring 28 causes the sliding plate 29 to move.
Is pressed against the end surface 19A 1 of the rotation center shaft 19A, and the protrusion 29a is a V groove 30 provided on the end surface.
Is engaged with.
【００４６】先ず、初めに、羽根部１８が回転して、そ
の羽根１８Ｂの回転領域の凝集現像剤が解きほぐされ
る。この際、摺動板２９の突起２９ａは、Ｖ溝３０から
乗り上げつつ、端面１９Ａ1を滑り動く。すなわち、隣
りの羽根部１９のまわりの現像剤は凝集しているので、
羽根部１９に作用する負荷（凝集現像剤による負荷）に
より、羽根部１９は回転せず、突起２９ａは、端面１９
Ａ1上を摺動しながら回転し、再びＶ溝に落ち込み、再
びこれから外れて端面１９Ａ1上を摺動回転しているの
である。First, the blade 18 is rotated to loosen the agglomerated developer in the rotating region of the blade 18B. At this time, the projection 29a of the sliding plate 29 slides on the end surface 19A 1 while riding on the V groove 30. That is, since the developer around the adjacent blade portion 19 is agglomerated,
The blade portion 19 does not rotate due to the load acting on the blade portion 19 (the load due to the aggregating developer), and the protrusion 29a has the end surface 19
It rotates while sliding on A 1 , falls into the V groove again, and again slips and rotates on the end face 19A 1 from the V groove.
【００４７】羽根部１８の複数回の回転によって、この
回転領域の凝集現像剤が解きほぐされるようになると、
次の羽根部１９の回転領域の凝集現像剤の一部が、羽根
部１８の回転領域の方に逃げる傾向となって、羽根部１
９のまわりの領域の現像剤も一部ほぐされた状態とな
る。これにより、羽根部１９の回転負荷が軽減されるよ
うになり、今度はこの羽根部１９が回転を始める。すな
わち、突起２９ａがＶ溝３０に係合したままになり、か
かる状態で、回転中心軸１８Ａの回転は回転中心軸１９
Ａの方に伝達されるようになり、今度は両羽根部１８，
１９が共に回転し、このうちの羽根部１９によってこの
回転領域の現像剤の凝集が解消されるのである。When the cohesive developer in the rotation region comes to be unraveled by a plurality of rotations of the blade portion 18,
A part of the aggregated developer in the next rotation area of the blade portion 19 tends to escape toward the rotation area of the blade portion 18, and the blade portion 1
The developer in the area around 9 is also partially unraveled. As a result, the rotational load on the blade portion 19 is reduced, and this blade portion 19 starts rotating this time. That is, the protrusion 29a remains engaged with the V groove 30, and in this state, the rotation of the rotation center shaft 18A rotates.
It will be transmitted to A, this time both blades 18,
19 rotate together, and the blade portions 19 of these rotate to eliminate the agglomeration of the developer in this rotating region.
【００４８】羽根部１９と羽根部２０との間にも、図３
と同じトルクリミッタが介設され、この部分でも上述し
たところと同様なことが行われ、結果的に一方の端部側
から他方の端部側に向けて凝集現像剤が順番に解きほぐ
されてゆく。最終的に全ての羽根部１８，１９，２０が
一体的に回転し、現像剤を撹拌搬送する。Also between the blade portion 19 and the blade portion 20, as shown in FIG.
The same torque limiter is installed, and the same thing as described above is performed in this part, and as a result, the cohesive developer is unraveled in order from one end side to the other end side. go. Finally, all the blade portions 18, 19, 20 are integrally rotated to stir and convey the developer.
【００４９】この例の場合には、画像形成装置の初期稼
動の後、再び現像剤に凝集が起こっても、同様な動作が
行われることになる。また逆に、最初から現像剤が凝集
していないときは、全ての羽根部１８，１９，２０が最
初から一体的に回転する。In the case of this example, after the initial operation of the image forming apparatus, even if the developer agglomerates again, the same operation is performed. On the contrary, when the developer is not aggregated from the beginning, all the blade portions 18, 19, 20 rotate integrally from the beginning.
【００５０】現像装置にトルクリミッタを用いる技術と
して、例えば特開平４−２７８９７１号公報によるもの
が既に提案されている。As a technique of using a torque limiter in a developing device, for example, a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-279897 has been already proposed.
【００５１】上述のように、図３に示した実施例におい
ても、１つの羽根部が現像剤を押し出す際、その羽根部
に加わる負荷が回転始めの初期の負荷から、これよりも
小さい負荷に軽減されるまで、該羽根部が回転した後、
その羽根部から、相隣接する羽根部に回転駆動力が伝達
され、またその伝達が一方の端部側の羽根部から、他方
の端部の羽根部に向けて順次、行われる。これにより、
先の実施例と同様な作用が得られるのである。As described above, also in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, when one blade portion pushes out the developer, the load applied to the blade portion changes from the initial load at the start of rotation to a smaller load. After the vanes rotate, until reduced,
The rotational driving force is transmitted from the blade portion to the adjacent blade portions, and the transmission is sequentially performed from the blade portion on one end side to the blade portion on the other end. This allows
The same effect as in the previous embodiment can be obtained.
【００５２】なお、図１及び図３に示したいずれの例に
おいても、複数の羽根部が一体となって回転する状態
で、その複数の羽根部の羽根の位置を、円周方向につき
それぞれ変えるようにすると、現像剤撹拌搬送部材の回
転トルク（凝集現像剤を解きほぐすときの回転トルク）
を低減させることができ、更に一部の羽根部が、現像容
器内の現像剤に埋没しないように現像剤撹拌搬送部材を
配設しておくと、更にその回転トルクを低減させること
ができる。その際、少なくとも１つの羽根の周方向の位
置が、他の羽根の位置と異なり、少なくとも１つの羽根
が常に現像剤中に埋没しない状態にあるように構成すれ
ばよい。In each of the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the positions of the blades of the plurality of blades are changed in the circumferential direction while the plurality of blades rotate integrally. If so, the rotation torque of the developer agitating / conveying member (rotation torque when the aggregated developer is loosened)
If the developer stirring / conveying member is arranged so that some of the blades are not buried in the developer in the developing container, the rotation torque can be further reduced. At this time, the position of at least one blade in the circumferential direction may be different from the positions of the other blades so that at least one blade is not always buried in the developer.
【００５３】[0053]
【発明の効果】請求項１に記載の現像装置によれば、現
像装置の初期稼動時に、現像剤が凝集状態にあっても、
これを徐々にほぐしながら現像剤担持搬送部材に供給す
るので、現像剤撹拌搬送部材の回転の際に過大な負荷が
加わることがない。これによってその羽根部の変形や、
駆動伝達歯車間の歯飛び現象や駆動源の故障などの発生
を抑えることができ、円滑、且つ確実に、安定して現像
容器内の現像剤を撹拌搬送することができる。又、現像
剤撹拌搬送部材を回転駆動する駆動源についても、一つ
で済み、それを大容量のものにする必要がない。According to the developing device of the first aspect, even if the developer is in an agglomerated state at the initial operation of the developing device,
Since this is gradually loosened and supplied to the developer carrying / conveying member, an excessive load is not applied when the developer stirring / conveying member is rotated. By this, the deformation of the blade part,
It is possible to suppress the occurrence of tooth jumping between the drive transmission gears and the failure of the drive source, and it is possible to stir and convey the developer in the developing container smoothly, reliably, and stably. Also, only one drive source is required to drive the developer stirring / conveying member to rotate, and it is not necessary to use a large capacity drive source.
【００５４】請求項２に記載の現像装置によれば、回転
中心軸をネジ切り加工するのみで所期の目的を達成する
ことができ、この種の現像装置を安価なものにすること
ができる。According to the developing device of the second aspect, the intended purpose can be achieved only by threading the rotation center shaft, and the developing device of this type can be made inexpensive. .
【００５５】請求項３に記載の現像装置によれば、簡単
な構成のトルクリミッタを用いるのみで所期の目的を達
成することができ、又、現像装置の初期稼動の後、現像
剤に凝集が起きても、再度、これを解消することができ
る。According to the developing device of the third aspect, the intended purpose can be achieved only by using the torque limiter having a simple structure, and after the initial operation of the developing device, the developer is aggregated. If this happens, you can eliminate it again.
【００５６】請求項４に記載の現像装置によれば、現像
剤撹拌搬送部材の回転トルクを大幅に減少させることが
できる。According to the developing device of the fourth aspect, the rotational torque of the developer agitating / conveying member can be greatly reduced.
【図１】本発明一実施例の現像装置の一部である現像剤
撹拌搬送部材周辺構成部の横断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a peripheral portion of a developer stirring / conveying member which is a part of a developing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】回転中心軸間に設けられる回転駆動力伝達部の
詳細図である。FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a rotation driving force transmission unit provided between rotation center shafts.
【図３】別の例の回転駆動力伝達部の詳細を示す分解斜
視図である。FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing details of another example of the rotational driving force transmission unit.
【図４】従来の現像装置の断面図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a conventional developing device.
【図５】同上現像装置の現像剤撹拌搬送部材周辺構成部
の断面図である。FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a peripheral portion of a developer stirring / conveying member of the developing device.
３ 現像容器 ３ａ 開口 ４ 現像剤 ７ 現像剤担持搬送部材 １１ 現像装置 １５ 現像剤撹拌搬送部材 １８ 羽根部 １８Ａ 回転中心軸 １８Ｂ 羽根 １９ 羽根部 １９Ａ 回転中心軸 １９Ｂ 羽根 ２０ 羽根部 ２０Ａ 回転中心軸 ２０Ｂ 羽根 ２４ ネジ構造部 ２５ ネジ構造部 ２７ トルクリミッタ 3 developing container 3a opening 4 developer 7 developer carrying and conveying member 11 developing device 15 developer agitating and conveying member 18 blade part 18A rotation center shaft 18B blade 19 blade part 19A rotation center shaft 19B blade 20 blade part 20A rotation center shaft 20B blade 24 screw structure 25 screw structure 27 torque limiter
Claims (4)
あって、潜像担持体に対向した側部に開口を有し、内部
に現像剤が収容される現像容器と、前記開口にて一部を
現像容器外に露出させ、外周面に担持させた現像剤を潜
像担持体と対向した現像領域に向けて搬送する現像剤担
持搬送部材と、現像容器内の現像剤が撹拌されつつ、現
像剤担持搬送部材に向けて供給されるように回転駆動さ
れる現像剤撹拌搬送部材とを有する現像装置において、
前記現像剤撹拌搬送部材を、この配設方向に配列され、
現像剤を押し出しながら回転する複数の羽根部で構成す
ると共に、各羽根部間に回転駆動力伝達部を設け、この
回転駆動力伝達部は、１つの羽根部が現像剤を押し出す
際、その羽根部に加わる負荷が回転始めの初期の負荷か
ら、これよりも小さい負荷に軽減されるまで、該羽根部
が回転した後、その羽根部から、相隣接する羽根部に回
転駆動力が伝達されるような回転駆動力伝達部とし、且
つ、その伝達が、一方の端部側の羽根部から、他方の端
部側の羽根部に向けて順次、行われるような回転駆動力
伝達部として構成されていることを特徴とする現像装
置。1. A developing device arranged to face a latent image carrier, the developing container having an opening in a side portion facing the latent image carrier, the developer being housed therein, and the opening. Partly exposed to the outside of the developing container, and the developer in the developing container is agitated with the developer carrying and carrying member that carries the developer carried on the outer peripheral surface toward the developing area facing the latent image carrier. Meanwhile, in a developing device having a developer stirring and conveying member that is rotationally driven so as to be supplied toward the developer carrying and conveying member,
The developer stirring / conveying member is arranged in this arrangement direction,
The blade is composed of a plurality of blades that rotate while pushing out the developer, and a rotary driving force transmitting portion is provided between the blades. When the one blade portion pushes out the developer, the rotation driving force transmitting portion is provided. Until the load applied to the blade portion is reduced from the initial load at the start of rotation to a smaller load, the blade portion rotates, and then the rotational driving force is transmitted from the blade portion to the adjacent blade portions. And the rotation driving force transmitting section is configured such that the transmission is sequentially performed from the blade portion on one end side to the blade portion on the other end side. Developing device.
軸同士を、雄ネジと雌ネジとで互いに螺合させるネジ構
造部として構成されるものである請求項１に記載の現像
装置。2. The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the rotational driving force transmitting portion is configured as a screw structure portion in which the rotation center axes of the blade portions are screwed with each other by a male screw and a female screw. .
軸間に介装されるトルクリミッタとして構成されるもの
である請求項１に記載の現像装置。3. The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the rotational driving force transmitting portion is configured as a torque limiter interposed between the rotation center axes of the blade portions.
それぞれ異なっていて、一部の羽根が現像容器内の現像
剤に埋没しないように、現像剤撹拌搬送部材が配設され
ている請求項１、２又は３に記載の現像装置。4. The plurality of blades have different circumferential positions, and a developer stirring / conveying member is provided so that some of the blades are not buried in the developer in the developing container. The developing device according to claim 1, 2 or 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5166534A JPH06348126A (en) | 1993-06-12 | 1993-06-12 | Developing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5166534A JPH06348126A (en) | 1993-06-12 | 1993-06-12 | Developing device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06348126A true JPH06348126A (en) | 1994-12-22 |
Family
ID=15833079
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5166534A Pending JPH06348126A (en) | 1993-06-12 | 1993-06-12 | Developing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06348126A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0968858A (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1997-03-11 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Toner container |
| JP2001109244A (en) * | 1999-10-04 | 2001-04-20 | Katsuragawa Electric Co Ltd | Developing device |
| JP2005077742A (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-24 | Canon Inc | Development device, process cartridge, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus |
| US7110703B2 (en) | 2003-08-29 | 2006-09-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Developing device, process cartridge and image forming apparatus |
| CN104423211A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-03-18 | 夏普株式会社 | Toner cartridge and image forming apparatus |
| US9046860B2 (en) | 1995-03-27 | 2015-06-02 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Coupling part, photosensitive drum, process cartridge and electrophotographic image forming apparatus |
| JP2018081278A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | Developer container, developing device, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus |
-
1993
- 1993-06-12 JP JP5166534A patent/JPH06348126A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9046860B2 (en) | 1995-03-27 | 2015-06-02 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Coupling part, photosensitive drum, process cartridge and electrophotographic image forming apparatus |
| JPH0968858A (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1997-03-11 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Toner container |
| JP2001109244A (en) * | 1999-10-04 | 2001-04-20 | Katsuragawa Electric Co Ltd | Developing device |
| JP2005077742A (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-24 | Canon Inc | Development device, process cartridge, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus |
| US7110703B2 (en) | 2003-08-29 | 2006-09-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Developing device, process cartridge and image forming apparatus |
| CN104423211A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-03-18 | 夏普株式会社 | Toner cartridge and image forming apparatus |
| JP2015055641A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-03-23 | シャープ株式会社 | Toner cartridge and image forming apparatus |
| JP2018081278A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | Developer container, developing device, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus |
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