JPH06324342A - Liquid crystal display element and its production - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display element and its productionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06324342A JPH06324342A JP11198993A JP11198993A JPH06324342A JP H06324342 A JPH06324342 A JP H06324342A JP 11198993 A JP11198993 A JP 11198993A JP 11198993 A JP11198993 A JP 11198993A JP H06324342 A JPH06324342 A JP H06324342A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- alignment film
- layer
- crystal alignment
- film layer
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は液晶層が複数の分子配列
状態を有するように液晶配向膜を改良した液晶表示素子
およびその製造方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal alignment film is improved so that a liquid crystal layer has a plurality of molecular alignment states, and a manufacturing method thereof.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】液晶表示素子の表示法として旋光モード
と複屈折モードの２つの方式が一般的に用いられてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art Two methods of optical rotation mode and birefringence mode are generally used as a display method of a liquid crystal display device.
【０００３】旋光モードの液晶表示素子は、例えば９０
°ねじれ分子配列をもつツイステッドネマティック（Ｔ
Ｎ）形液晶表示素子であり、原理的に白黒表示で高コン
トラストが得られることから、時計、電卓等に積極的に
用いられている。また、このＴＮ形は良好な階調表示性
能を示し、応答速度が比較的速い（数十ミリ秒）ことか
ら、単純マトリックス駆動やスイッチング素子（ＴＦ
Ｔ、ＭＩＭ）を具備したアクティブマトリックス駆動を
行い、カラーフィルターと組み合わせて、フルカラー表
示の液晶テレビやＯＡ機器などに応用されている。A liquid crystal display element in the optical rotation mode is, for example, 90
° Twisted nematic with twisted molecular arrangement (T
Since it is an N) type liquid crystal display device and can obtain high contrast in black and white display in principle, it is actively used in watches, calculators and the like. In addition, this TN type exhibits good gradation display performance and has a relatively high response speed (several tens of milliseconds), so that simple matrix drive and switching elements (TF
T, MIM) active matrix driving is performed, and in combination with a color filter, it is applied to full-color display liquid crystal televisions and OA equipment.
【０００４】一方、複屈折モードの表示方式を利用した
液晶表示素子は、一般に基板間の液晶分子が９０°以上
ねじれた分子配列をもつスーパーツイスト（ＳＴ）形液
晶で、急俊な電気光学特性をもつため各画素ごとにスイ
ッチング素子を設けない単純マトリックス状の電極構造
でも時分割駆動により容易に大容量表示が得られる。On the other hand, a liquid crystal display device using a birefringence mode display system is generally a super twist (ST) type liquid crystal having a molecular arrangement in which liquid crystal molecules between substrates are twisted by 90 ° or more, and has abrupt electro-optical characteristics. Therefore, even with a simple matrix electrode structure in which a switching element is not provided for each pixel, a large capacity display can be easily obtained by time-division driving.
【０００５】しかしながら、これらの液晶表示素子は見
る角度や、方向によってコントラスト比や表示色が変化
するという視角依存性がある。この液晶表示素子の視角
依存性を改善するために種々の手法が提案されている。
その中の一つに、ヤング（K.H.Yang、1991.IDRC.p68)が
提案した手法で、一画素内に液晶分子の起きあがる方向
が１８０°異なる２領域を設けた液晶表示素子を用いて
視角依存性を改善する方法（Two Domain TN; ＴＤＴＮ
と称する）や、この手法を同一基板内、一方向ラビング
にて達成する方法として、一画素内にプレチルトの異な
る領域を設けることを特徴とするドメイン分割ＴＮ（Y.
Koike,et.al 1992 SID.p798 、ＤＤＴＮと称する）など
が近年提案されている。However, these liquid crystal display elements have a viewing angle dependency that the contrast ratio and display color change depending on the viewing angle and direction. Various techniques have been proposed to improve the viewing angle dependence of the liquid crystal display device.
One of them is the method proposed by Young (KHYang, 1991.IDRC.p68), which uses a liquid crystal display element in which two directions in which the rising directions of liquid crystal molecules are different by 180 ° are provided in one pixel. How to improve (Two Domain TN; TDTN)
As a method of achieving this method by unidirectional rubbing in the same substrate, domain division TN (Y.
Koike, et.al 1992 SID.p798, referred to as DDTN) and the like have been proposed in recent years.
【０００６】これらの液晶表示素子は同一面内で液晶分
子の配列方向を変える手法として、ＴＤＴＮの場合はマ
スクを介してポリイミドを被着した層の多重ラビングを
行うことで配向処理を行なっている。一方、ＤＤＴＮの
場合は無機化合物配向膜を形成した後、前記無機化合物
配向膜上に有機化合物の配向膜を形成し、フォトリソグ
ラフィを用いて有機化合物の配向膜を一画素の半分に設
け、一度のラビング処理によりプレチルト角が異なった
領域の作製を行い、液晶分子の起き上がる方向を１８０
°変えている。In these liquid crystal display devices, as a method of changing the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules in the same plane, in the case of TDTN, alignment treatment is performed by performing multiple rubbing on a layer coated with polyimide through a mask. . On the other hand, in the case of DDTN, after forming an inorganic compound alignment film, an organic compound alignment film is formed on the inorganic compound alignment film, and the organic compound alignment film is provided on half of one pixel by photolithography. The regions with different pretilt angles were prepared by the rubbing treatment of No. 1, and the rising direction of the liquid crystal molecules was set to 180.
° Changing.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】図３にＴＤＴＮ，ＤＤ
ＴＮを得る手法を示す。図５（ａ）はＴＤＴＮを得る手
法である。これはマスクラビングやＳｉＯ等のマスク蒸
着により液晶分子の配列を一画素ｐ内で１８０°変え
る。FIG. 3 shows the TDTN and DD.
The method of obtaining TN is shown. FIG. 5A shows a method of obtaining TDTN. This changes the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules by 180 ° within one pixel p by mask rubbing or vapor deposition of mask such as SiO 2.
【０００８】マスクラビングの場合、 （ｉ）まずガラス基板１上の液晶配向膜２全面に第１回
目のラビング処理を行う。In the case of mask rubbing, (i) First, the first rubbing treatment is performed on the entire surface of the liquid crystal alignment film 2 on the glass substrate 1.
【０００９】（ｉｉ）次に、レジストを被覆しフォトリ
ソグラフィにより一画素の半分（領域２ａ）だけ液晶配
向膜をレジストで覆い、露出面（領域２ｂ）を第１回目
のラビング方向とは、１８０°変えたラビング処理を行
う。(Ii) Next, the liquid crystal alignment film is covered with the resist by photolithography for half of one pixel (region 2a), and the exposed surface (region 2b) is defined as the first rubbing direction. ° Perform a different rubbing process.
【００１０】（ｉｉｉ）その後レジストを除去する。(Iii) Then, the resist is removed.
【００１１】また、ＳｉＯ等のマスク蒸着の場合はメタ
ルマスク等を用いＳｉＯの蒸着を２回行う方法である。
しかしながらこれらの方法は、マスクラビングの場合は
レジストの被覆により第１回目のラビング処理の効果が
無くなってしまう。また、マスク蒸着の場合はマスクを
精度良く設置することが困難である等の問題点がある。Further, in the case of mask vapor deposition of SiO or the like, it is a method of performing vapor deposition of SiO twice using a metal mask or the like.
However, in these methods, in the case of mask rubbing, the effect of the first rubbing treatment is lost due to the coating of the resist. Further, in the case of mask vapor deposition, there is a problem that it is difficult to install the mask accurately.
【００１２】図５（ｂ）はドメイン分割ＴＮの方法であ
り、ガラス基板１上に無機化合物層３を第１層目に形成
し第２層目に有機配向膜４を設ける手法である。本発明
者の実験によれば無機化合物配向膜３上では、長期の使
用で配向能力が低くなるという問題と、硬い無機化合物
配向膜３と柔らかい有機化合物配向膜４を一度のラビン
グ処理で配向制御するために液晶配向能に差が生じてし
まうという問題点がある。FIG. 5B shows a domain division TN method in which the inorganic compound layer 3 is formed on the glass substrate 1 as the first layer and the organic alignment film 4 is provided as the second layer. According to an experiment conducted by the present inventor, on the inorganic compound alignment film 3, there is a problem that the alignment ability becomes low due to long-term use, and alignment of the hard inorganic compound alignment film 3 and the soft organic compound alignment film 4 is controlled by one rubbing treatment. Therefore, there is a problem that the liquid crystal alignment ability is different.
【００１３】本発明は上記不都合を解決するものであ
る。The present invention solves the above inconvenience.
【００１４】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、表面にそれぞ
れ電極を有する第１、第２の基板を前記電極が相対向す
るように設置した間に液晶層を挟持し、前記第１、第２
の基板の少なくとも一方の表面に液晶配向膜を有する液
晶表示素子において、前記一方の基板の表面に形成され
る液晶配向膜層は少なくとも第１の液晶配向膜層と第２
の液晶配向膜層とからなり、前記第１の液晶配向膜層が
難溶性ポリイミドであり、前記第２の液晶配向膜層が可
溶性ポリイミドであることを特徴とする液晶表示素子を
得るものである。According to the present invention, a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between first and second substrates each having an electrode on the surface so that the electrodes face each other. Two
In the liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal alignment film on at least one surface of the substrate, the liquid crystal alignment film layer formed on the surface of the one substrate is at least the first liquid crystal alignment film layer and the second liquid crystal alignment film layer.
And a second liquid crystal alignment film layer, wherein the first liquid crystal alignment film layer is a sparingly soluble polyimide and the second liquid crystal alignment film layer is a soluble polyimide. .
【００１５】さらに第１の液晶配向膜層が難溶性芳香族
ポリイミドであり、第２の液晶配向膜層が可溶性脂環族
ポリイミドである液晶表示素子を得るものである。Further, a liquid crystal display device is obtained in which the first liquid crystal alignment film layer is a poorly soluble aromatic polyimide and the second liquid crystal alignment film layer is a soluble alicyclic polyimide.
【００１６】さらに第１、第２の基板の電極が複数の画
素を形成し、各画素内に第１の液晶配向膜層と第２の液
晶配向膜層とが並存している液晶表示素子を得るもので
ある。Further, a liquid crystal display device in which the electrodes of the first and second substrates form a plurality of pixels, and the first liquid crystal alignment film layer and the second liquid crystal alignment film layer coexist in each pixel. I will get it.
【００１７】また、電極を形成した基板上にまず難溶性
ポリイミド層を形成し、次に前記難溶性ポリイミド層上
に可溶性ポリイミド層を重ねてフォトエッチングにより
可溶性ポリイミド層の一部を除去して前記難溶性ポリイ
ミド層の面の一部が露出するようにしてなる液晶表示素
子の製造方法を得るものである。Further, a poorly soluble polyimide layer is first formed on the substrate on which the electrodes are formed, then a soluble polyimide layer is stacked on the poorly soluble polyimide layer, and a part of the soluble polyimide layer is removed by photoetching, A method for producing a liquid crystal display device, in which a part of the surface of a poorly soluble polyimide layer is exposed.
【００１８】[0018]
【作用】本発明は上記のように有機配向膜を少なくとも
２種用いる。The present invention uses at least two kinds of organic alignment films as described above.
【００１９】ガラス基板の表面に第１層として熱により
脱水閉環を生じ難溶性となる芳香族ポリイミド層を塗布
形成し硬化した後、第２層として溶媒が蒸散して硬化す
る可溶性の脂環族ポリイミド層を塗布形成する。A soluble alicyclic group in which a solvent-evaporating solvent is cured as a second layer after coating and curing as a first layer on the surface of a glass substrate, an aromatic polyimide layer which is dehydrated and ring-closed by heat and becomes insoluble A polyimide layer is formed by coating.
【００２０】ここに芳香族ポリイミドは一例として次の
構造式を有している。芳香族テトラカルボン酸無水物を
開環重付加、環化脱水反応させて合成する。Ｒ、Ｒ1 と
もに芳香族である。The aromatic polyimide has the following structural formula as an example. Aromatic tetracarboxylic acid anhydride is synthesized by ring-opening polyaddition and cyclization dehydration reaction. Both R and R 1 are aromatic.
【００２１】[0021]
【化１】 また脂環族ポリイミドは一例として次の構造式を有して
いる。脂環族テトラカルボン酸無水物を塩基触媒下で脱
水剤を用いて溶液中でイミド化する。Ｒ1 は種々の基が
適用される。[Chemical 1] The alicyclic polyimide has, for example, the following structural formula. The alicyclic tetracarboxylic acid anhydride is imidized in a solution with a dehydrating agent under a base catalyst. Various groups are applied to R1.
【００２２】[0022]
【化２】 芳香族ポリイミド層も可溶性の脂環族ポリイミド層も硬
化する前では極性の溶媒である同じＮＭＰ（Ｎ−メチル
ピロリドン）やγ−ブチロラクトンに溶けた溶液状態に
あるが、硬化後に可溶性ポリイミドはこの溶媒やＫＯＨ
のようなアルカリに再び溶解するが、難溶性ポリイミド
層はこれらによりほとんど溶解することがない。したが
って、第２層の可溶性の脂環族ポリイミド層のみをフォ
トリソグラフィにより選択的に除去することが可能であ
り、同一基板の電極表面に第１層、第２層それぞれのポ
リイミド層のパターンを形成することができる。[Chemical 2] Before curing both the aromatic polyimide layer and the soluble alicyclic polyimide layer, they are in a solution state in which they are dissolved in the same polar solvent NMP (N-methylpyrrolidone) or γ-butyrolactone, but after curing, the soluble polyimide is the solvent. And KOH
However, the hardly soluble polyimide layer is hardly dissolved by these. Therefore, it is possible to selectively remove only the soluble alicyclic polyimide layer of the second layer by photolithography, and form the polyimide layer patterns of the first layer and the second layer on the electrode surface of the same substrate. can do.
【００２３】[0023]
【実施例】以下本発明に液晶表示素子の実施例を説明す
る。EXAMPLES Examples of liquid crystal display elements according to the present invention will be described below.
【００２４】（実施例１）図１に示すように、ＩＴＯ透
明電極１１が形成されたガラスの上基板１２と、複数の
画素電極１３およびこれに対応した複数のＴＦＴ駆動素
子１４が形成されたガラスの下基板１５を用意する。す
なわちＴＦＴ駆動素子１４には画素サイズ１１０×３３
０μｍのＩＴＯでできた画素電極１３が接続されてい
る。上基板１２の電極表面には、液晶配向膜層１６とし
て可溶性の脂環族ポリイミド（ＡＬ−１０５１、日本合
成ゴム製）を印刷法で８５０オングストローム厚に均一
塗布し、形成した。Example 1 As shown in FIG. 1, a glass upper substrate 12 having an ITO transparent electrode 11 formed thereon, a plurality of pixel electrodes 13 and a plurality of TFT driving elements 14 corresponding thereto were formed. A glass lower substrate 15 is prepared. That is, the TFT drive element 14 has a pixel size of 110 × 33.
A pixel electrode 13 made of ITO of 0 μm is connected. On the electrode surface of the upper substrate 12, a soluble alicyclic polyimide (AL-1051, made by Japan Synthetic Rubber) was uniformly applied as a liquid crystal alignment film layer 16 by a printing method to a thickness of 850 Å.
【００２５】図１、図２に示すように、下基板１５に
は、第１の液晶配向膜層１７として前駆体がポリアミッ
ク酸からなる芳香族ポリイミド（ＳＥ−７３１０、日産
化学製）を印刷法により８５０オングストローム厚に形
成し、１６０°Ｃ乃至３８０°Ｃにて、３０分乃至９０
分焼成し硬化する。その後、さらに、第２の液晶配向膜
層１８として可溶性の脂環族ポリイミド（ＡＬ−５４１
７、日本合成ゴム）を印刷法により８５０オングストロ
ーム厚に塗布した。ここで、第１の液晶配向膜層１７
は、第２の液晶配向膜層１８に用いられている有機溶媒
に難溶になつている。第２の液晶配向膜層１８は１５０
°Ｃ乃至２５０°Ｃにて、３０分乃至９０分焼成し、有
機溶媒を蒸発させて硬化する。カラーフィルターを使用
する場合は２００°Ｃ以下、ＴＦＴ素子がある場合は、
２２０°Ｃ以下で焼成する。As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an aromatic polyimide (SE-7310, manufactured by Nissan Kagaku) whose precursor is polyamic acid is printed on the lower substrate 15 as a first liquid crystal alignment film layer 17. To a thickness of 850 angstroms at 160 ° C to 380 ° C for 30 minutes to 90 minutes.
Minute baking and hardening. Then, a soluble alicyclic polyimide (AL-541) is further used as the second liquid crystal alignment film layer 18.
7. Japanese synthetic rubber) was applied by a printing method to a thickness of 850 Å. Here, the first liquid crystal alignment film layer 17
Is sparingly soluble in the organic solvent used for the second liquid crystal alignment film layer 18. The second liquid crystal alignment film layer 18 is 150
Bake at 30 to 90 minutes at ° C to 250 ° C to evaporate the organic solvent and cure. When using a color filter, the temperature is below 200 ° C, and when there is a TFT element,
Bake at 220 ° C or lower.
【００２６】得られる硬化した第２層１８上にレジスト
を塗布し、露光、現像、アルカリでエッチングを行う。
ＫＯＨの３ｗｔ％溶液に３０乃至６０秒漬けることによ
りエッチングされる。次にレジストをアセトンなどの有
機溶剤で除去し、図２のように、液晶配向膜層１７、１
８を一画素１３ａ毎に画素領域を半割にして両者が並存
するように、交互に隣接するストライプ状に形成する。A resist is applied onto the obtained cured second layer 18, and exposure, development and alkali etching are performed.
Etching is performed by immersing in a 3 wt% KOH solution for 30 to 60 seconds. Then, the resist is removed with an organic solvent such as acetone, and as shown in FIG.
8 is formed in a stripe shape in which the pixel regions are divided into half for each pixel 13a so that both of them are present side by side.
【００２７】このようにして得られた上基板１２、基板
１５の各液晶配向膜をラビング処理する。下基板１５上
の第１の液晶配向膜層１７と第２の液晶配向膜層１８と
は同時に同一方向に配向処理されるが、各膜の液晶分子
のプレチルト角が異なるために、液晶に対して異なる液
晶分子配向状態を与える。The liquid crystal alignment films on the upper substrate 12 and the substrate 15 thus obtained are rubbed. The first liquid crystal alignment film layer 17 and the second liquid crystal alignment film layer 18 on the lower substrate 15 are simultaneously aligned in the same direction, but the pretilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules of the respective films are different, so To give different liquid crystal molecule alignment states.
【００２８】上基板１２および基板１５の各配向膜に接
する液晶分子が基板間の液晶層厚方向に９０°ねじれる
ように各基板の配向処理方向を交差させて、配向膜を内
側にしてスペーサを介して配置し、シール剤により封着
して液晶個表示セルとした。この液晶セルに液晶（ＺＬ
Ｉ−１１３２，Ｅ．Ｍｅｒｃｋ社製）を注入して液晶層
１９とし液晶表示素子を作製した。The alignment treatment directions of the respective substrates are crossed so that liquid crystal molecules in contact with the alignment films of the upper substrate 12 and the substrate 15 are twisted by 90 ° in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer between the substrates, and spacers are provided with the alignment films inside. The liquid crystal individual display cell was arranged by interposing and sealing with a sealant. Liquid crystal (ZL
I-1132, E.I. (Manufactured by Merck) was injected to form a liquid crystal layer 19 and a liquid crystal display element was manufactured.
【００２９】この液晶表示素子を駆動したところ、各画
素ごとに異なる特性の液晶分子配向状態が生じ、微細な
画素上で特性が合成されて視角依存性が改善され、コン
トラストも高く良好な表示が得られた。図４に本実施例
の等コントラスト曲線を示す。すなわち、表示面法線に
対する観察方向の傾きをθとし、観察する表示面の水平
方向を基準にした観察位置の方位をφとしたときの、表
示の明暗のコントラスト比を分布曲線で表したもので、
曲線の数値５〜５０はコントラスト比を示している。When this liquid crystal display device is driven, liquid crystal molecule alignment states having different characteristics are generated in each pixel, the characteristics are combined on a fine pixel to improve the viewing angle dependency, and the contrast is high and a good display is obtained. Was obtained. FIG. 4 shows the isocontrast curve of this example. That is, when the inclination of the viewing direction with respect to the normal to the display surface is θ and the azimuth of the viewing position with respect to the horizontal direction of the display surface to be viewed is φ, the contrast ratio of light and darkness of the display is represented by a distribution curve. so,
The numbers 5 to 50 on the curve indicate the contrast ratio.
【００３０】なお、本実施例の変形例として、図３のよ
うに第１の液晶配向層１７を、あらかじめ印刷法により
ストライプ状に形成することができる。この場合は、最
終的に第１の液晶配向層膜１７間に第２の液晶配向膜層
１８を埋めこむ構造になり、液晶配向層を同一面に形成
することができる。As a modification of this embodiment, the first liquid crystal alignment layer 17 can be previously formed in a stripe shape by a printing method as shown in FIG. In this case, the second liquid crystal alignment film layer 18 is finally buried between the first liquid crystal alignment layer films 17, and the liquid crystal alignment layer can be formed on the same surface.
【００３１】（実施例２）上基板に実施例１と同一構造
のものを用い、下基板に、実施例１の基板１５における
と同様の液晶配向膜を下記のように製作した。(Example 2) An upper substrate having the same structure as that of Example 1 was used, and a liquid crystal alignment film similar to that of the substrate 15 of Example 1 was formed on the lower substrate as follows.
【００３２】すなわち、下基板１５に実施例１と同一の
難溶性液晶配向膜層１７を形成する。第１の液晶配向膜
層１７に所定の方向にラビング配向処理を施し、次に可
溶性の第２の液晶配向膜層１８を塗布する。第２の晶配
向膜層１８を熱処理による溶媒蒸散により硬化し、続い
て第１の液晶配向膜層１７のラビング処理の配向方向と
はと１８０°異なる方向にラビング処理を施す。次に液
晶配向膜層１７、１８が基板上の各画素電極１３面を領
域Ａと領域Ｂとに２分するようにフォトエッチングを用
いて、第２の液晶配向膜層１８を第１の層１７面が半分
露出するように部分的に除去し、各層をストライプ状に
形成した。一方、上基板に前記下基板の各ラビング処理
方向に直交する方向にラビング処理を施す。このように
して得られた両基板１２、１５を、配向膜を内側にして
スペーサを介して配置し、シール剤で封着し液晶セルと
した。この液晶セルに液晶（ＺＬＩ−１１３２，Ｅ．Ｍ
ｅｒｃｋ社製）を注入して液晶層１９を挟持させ液晶表
示素子を得た。なお、ディスクリネーションラインが生
じやすい異なる液晶分子配向状態が隣接するストライ
プ隣接位置にブラックマトリクス層２０を形成してお
く。That is, the same poorly soluble liquid crystal alignment film layer 17 as in Example 1 is formed on the lower substrate 15. The first liquid crystal alignment film layer 17 is subjected to rubbing alignment treatment in a predetermined direction, and then the soluble second liquid crystal alignment film layer 18 is applied. The second crystal orientation film layer 18 is hardened by solvent evaporation by heat treatment, and then subjected to rubbing treatment in a direction different from the orientation direction of the rubbing treatment of the first liquid crystal orientation film layer 17 by 180 °. Next, the second liquid crystal alignment film layer 18 is formed into a first layer by photoetching so that the liquid crystal alignment film layers 17 and 18 divide the surface of each pixel electrode 13 on the substrate into an area A and an area B. Partial removal was performed so that half of the 17 surfaces was exposed, and each layer was formed in a stripe shape. On the other hand, the upper substrate is rubbed in a direction orthogonal to each rubbing direction of the lower substrate. The substrates 12 and 15 thus obtained were arranged with the alignment film on the inside through a spacer and sealed with a sealant to obtain a liquid crystal cell. A liquid crystal (ZLI-1132, EM
(manufactured by erck) was injected to sandwich the liquid crystal layer 19 to obtain a liquid crystal display element. In addition, different liquid crystal molecule alignment states where disclination lines are likely to occur are adjacent to each other.
The black matrix layer 20 is formed in the adjacent position.
【００３３】このようにして得られた液晶表示素子は広
い視角特性と、コントラストの高い良好な像を表示し
た。The liquid crystal display device thus obtained displayed a wide viewing angle characteristic and an excellent image with high contrast.
【００３４】なお、本発明によれば、上記実施例のよう
なフォトエッチングだけでなく、印刷法によっても液晶
配向膜のパターンを形成することができることはいうま
でもない。Needless to say, according to the present invention, the pattern of the liquid crystal alignment film can be formed not only by photoetching as in the above embodiment but also by a printing method.
【００３５】また、３種以上の配向膜を用いても本発明
の効果を得ることができることはいうまでもない。Needless to say, the effect of the present invention can be obtained by using three or more kinds of alignment films.
【００３６】さらに、上記実施例はＴＦＴを用いた素子
について説明したが、駆動手段としては、ＭＩＭを用い
たアクティブマトリックス駆動でも、スイッチング素子
を用いない単純マトリックス電極構造によるマルチプレ
ックス駆動でも優れた効果を得ることはいうまでもな
く、これらに染料を添加したＧＨモードの液晶表示素子
に応用しても優れた効果が得られるものである。Further, although the above embodiment has described the element using the TFT, as the driving means, the active matrix driving using the MIM or the multiplex driving by the simple matrix electrode structure not using the switching element is excellent. It goes without saying that even when applied to a GH-mode liquid crystal display device in which a dye is added to these, excellent effects can be obtained.
【００３７】[0037]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、従来困難であった液晶
配向膜構造を容易に形成することができ、さらに液晶分
子の配向性ならびに長期信頼性が向上し、高品質の液晶
表示素子を提供することができる。According to the present invention, it is possible to easily form a liquid crystal alignment film structure, which has been difficult in the past, and further improve the alignment property and long-term reliability of liquid crystal molecules, thereby providing a high quality liquid crystal display device. Can be provided.
【図１】本発明を一実施例を説明する断面略図、FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view illustrating an embodiment of the present invention,
【図２】本発明の一実施例を説明する部分平面図、FIG. 2 is a partial plan view illustrating an embodiment of the present invention,
【図３】本発明の変形例を説明する略断面図、FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a modified example of the present invention,
【図４】本発明の実施例により得られた視角特性を示す
分布曲線図、FIG. 4 is a distribution curve diagram showing viewing angle characteristics obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】従来素子の構造および製造方法を説明するもの
で、（ａ）は斜視図、（ｂ）は断面略図。5A and 5B are views for explaining the structure and manufacturing method of a conventional element, in which FIG. 5A is a perspective view and FIG.
１１…ＩＴＯ透明電極 １２…上基板 １３…画素電極 １４…ＴＦＴ駆動素子 １５…下基板 １６…液晶配向膜層 １７…第１の液晶配向膜層 １８…第２の液晶配向膜層 １９…液晶層 11 ... ITO transparent electrode 12 ... Upper substrate 13 ... Pixel electrode 14 ... TFT drive element 15 ... Lower substrate 16 ... Liquid crystal alignment film layer 17 ... First liquid crystal alignment film layer 18 ... Second liquid crystal alignment film layer 19 ... Liquid crystal layer
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 久武 雄三 神奈川県横浜市磯子区新杉田町８番地 株 式会社東芝横浜事業所内 (72)発明者 羽藤 仁 神奈川県横浜市磯子区新杉田町８番地 株 式会社東芝横浜事業所内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yuzo Kutake 8 Shinsita-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Kanagawa, Ltd. (72) Inventor Hitoshi Hato 8 Shinsugita-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Ceremony company Toshiba Yokohama office
Claims (4)
の基板を前記電極が相対向するように設置した間に液晶
層を挟持し、前記第１、第２の基板の少なくとも一方の
表面に液晶配向膜を有する液晶表示素子において、前記
一方の基板の表面に形成される液晶配向膜は少なくとも
第１の液晶配向膜層と第２の液晶配向膜層とからなり、
前記第１の液晶配向膜層が難溶性ポリイミドであり、前
記第２の液晶配向膜層が可溶性ポリイミドであることを
特徴とする液晶表示素子。1. First and second electrodes each having an electrode on its surface
In a liquid crystal display element having a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates so that the electrodes face each other, and a liquid crystal alignment film is provided on at least one surface of the first and second substrates, The liquid crystal alignment film formed on the surface includes at least a first liquid crystal alignment film layer and a second liquid crystal alignment film layer,
A liquid crystal display element, wherein the first liquid crystal alignment film layer is a sparingly soluble polyimide and the second liquid crystal alignment film layer is a soluble polyimide.
イミドであり、第２の液晶配向膜が可溶性の脂環族ポリ
イミドである請求項１に記載の液晶表示素子。2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the first liquid crystal alignment film layer is a sparingly soluble aromatic polyimide, and the second liquid crystal alignment film is a soluble alicyclic polyimide.
素を形成し、各画素内に第１の液晶配向膜層と第２の液
晶配向膜層とが並存している請求項１記載の液晶表示素
子。3. The electrodes of the first and second substrates form a plurality of pixels, and the first liquid crystal alignment film layer and the second liquid crystal alignment film layer coexist in each pixel. 1. The liquid crystal display element according to 1.
イミド層を形成し、次に前記難溶性ポリイミド層上に可
溶性ポリイミド層を重ねてフォトエッチングにより可溶
性ポリイミド層の一部を除去して前記難溶性ポリイミド
層の面の一部が露出するようにしてなる液晶表示素子の
製造方法。4. A poorly soluble polyimide layer is first formed on a substrate on which an electrode is formed, and then a soluble polyimide layer is superposed on the hardly soluble polyimide layer, and a part of the soluble polyimide layer is removed by photoetching to remove the soluble polyimide layer. A method for producing a liquid crystal display device, wherein a part of the surface of a hardly soluble polyimide layer is exposed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11198993A JPH06324342A (en) | 1993-05-14 | 1993-05-14 | Liquid crystal display element and its production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11198993A JPH06324342A (en) | 1993-05-14 | 1993-05-14 | Liquid crystal display element and its production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06324342A true JPH06324342A (en) | 1994-11-25 |
Family
ID=14575162
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11198993A Pending JPH06324342A (en) | 1993-05-14 | 1993-05-14 | Liquid crystal display element and its production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06324342A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10111514A (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1998-04-28 | Nissan Chem Ind Ltd | Forming method of liquid crystal orienting film |
| US6013335A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 2000-01-11 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display apparatus and method for processing the same |
| JP2011170031A (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2011-09-01 | Hitachi Displays Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
| JP2013054373A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-03-21 | Japan Display East Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
-
1993
- 1993-05-14 JP JP11198993A patent/JPH06324342A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6013335A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 2000-01-11 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display apparatus and method for processing the same |
| JPH10111514A (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1998-04-28 | Nissan Chem Ind Ltd | Forming method of liquid crystal orienting film |
| JP2011170031A (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2011-09-01 | Hitachi Displays Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
| US8648988B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2014-02-11 | Hitachi Displays, Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device comprising an alignment film that includes a first alignment film formed of a precursor of polyamide acid or polyamide acid ester and a second alignment film underlying the first alignment film wherein the first alignment film accounts for between 30% and 60% of the alignment film |
| US8854582B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2014-10-07 | Japan Display Inc. | Method for fabricating a liquid crystal display device comprising an alignment film that includes polyamide acid ester with 80% or more of which is polyamide ester including cyclobutane |
| US8988639B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2015-03-24 | Japan Display Inc. | Method for fabricating a liquid crystal display device comprising an alignment film that includes a photolytic polymer and a non-photolytic polymer |
| US9134574B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2015-09-15 | Japan Display Inc. | Liquid crystal display device comprising an alignment film having a volume resistivity on one side that is greater than a volume resistivity on another side |
| US9170458B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2015-10-27 | Japan Display Inc. | Liquid crystal display device having an alignment film produced via polyamide acid ester and polyamide acid as precursors |
| US9785013B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2017-10-10 | Japan Display Inc. | Liquid crystal display device |
| US10534225B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2020-01-14 | Japan Display Inc. | Liquid crystal display device |
| US11156875B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2021-10-26 | Japan Display Inc. | Liquid crystal display device |
| JP2013054373A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-03-21 | Japan Display East Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
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