JPH06320082A - Smoke emitter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently utilize the generation of heat by a heater for vaporizing a smoke emitting agent and to obtain a smoke emitter fit to eject smoke. CONSTITUTION:In a bottomed cylindrical vaporization tube 3, a central vaporization chamber 5 connected to a liq. feeding pipe 4 and a peripheral vaporization chamber 7 communicating with the chamber 5 through a bottom space 6 are concentrically formed and a hollow cylindrical heater 8 is inserted into the space between the chambers 5, 7. An ejection pipe 9 with a nozzle 11 at the tip is fitted to the vaporization tube 3 through a communicating hole 10.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、発煙剤を加熱気化し
煙として噴出する発煙器に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a smoke generator that heats and vaporizes a smoke generating agent and ejects it as smoke.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来のこの種の発煙器として、中空筒の
周壁にヒータが埋設すると共に、中空部の内壁と当接す
るように螺旋パイプが設けられており、送液ポンプで螺
旋パイプ内に発煙剤を圧送し、発煙剤が螺旋パイプ内を
流れる間に昇温して気化したガスを、先端のノズルから
煙として噴出する構成が知られている。2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional smoke generator of this type, a heater is embedded in the peripheral wall of a hollow cylinder, and a spiral pipe is provided so as to abut against the inner wall of the hollow portion. There is known a configuration in which a smoke generating agent is pressure-fed, and a gas which is heated and vaporized while the smoke generating agent flows in a spiral pipe is ejected as smoke from a nozzle at a tip.

【０００３】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで前記したよう
な発煙器は、中空筒自身の熱容量が大きいことに加え、
ヒータの熱が周囲に放熱し易く螺旋パイプの加熱に有効
に利用されないので、発煙可能状態となるまでに長いこ
と待たなければならない不具合がある。さらに発煙剤
は、沸点の異なる複数種類のグリコール混合物に水を数
％程度加えた物が一般的であるが、このものは比熱が１
以上と大きいこともあって、放熱ロスの大きい機器では
十分な発煙量を得にくいといった欠点もある。この発明
は上記した課題に鑑みなされたもので、その目的とする
ところは、ヒータの発熱を発煙剤の気化に効率的に利用
できるような構成とし、煙の噴出に好適な発煙器を提供
することにある。By the way, in the smoke generator described above, in addition to the large heat capacity of the hollow cylinder itself,
Since the heat of the heater is easily dissipated to the surroundings and is not effectively used for heating the spiral pipe, there is a problem that it is necessary to wait for a long time before it becomes possible to smoke. Further, the smoke generating agent is generally a mixture of a plurality of kinds of glycols having different boiling points, to which water is added by a few percent, but this one has a specific heat of 1
Since it is large as described above, there is also a drawback that it is difficult to obtain a sufficient amount of smoke in a device with large heat dissipation loss. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to provide a smoke generator suitable for ejecting smoke, with a structure in which heat generated by a heater can be efficiently used for vaporizing a smoke generating agent. Especially.

【０００４】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めになした第一の発明は、有底円筒形状の気化筒内に、
送液管に接続する中央気化室と外周気化室を底部で連通
するように形成し、中央気化室と外周気化室の間にヒー
タを挿嵌すると共に、先端にノズルを備えた噴出管を連
通口を介して気化筒に取付けた構成からなる。The first invention made to achieve the above object is to provide a bottomed cylindrical vaporization cylinder,
A central vaporization chamber and an outer peripheral vaporization chamber connected to the liquid supply pipe are formed so as to communicate with each other at the bottom, a heater is inserted between the central vaporization chamber and the outer peripheral vaporization chamber, and an ejection pipe equipped with a nozzle at the tip is connected. It is configured to be attached to the vaporization tube through the mouth.

【０００５】また第二の発明は、第一の発明構成におい
て、気化筒は鉛直姿勢に対して４５〜７０度傾斜するよ
うに設けられている。According to a second aspect of the invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the vaporizing cylinder is provided so as to be inclined at 45 to 70 degrees with respect to the vertical posture.

【０００６】[0006]

【作用】前記第一の発明構成とすれば、ヒータの発熱が
中央気化室と外周気化室双方の加熱に有効に利用される
ことから、放熱ロスが大幅に低減する。また第二の発明
構成とすれば、発煙剤が昇温しつつ流れ下りて底部に溜
まり、外周気化室に入ってさらに昇温し、傾斜に伴って
面積が拡大した液面から効率的に気化する。According to the first aspect of the invention, the heat generated by the heater is effectively utilized for heating both the central vaporizing chamber and the outer peripheral vaporizing chamber, so that the heat radiation loss is greatly reduced. According to the second aspect of the invention, the smoke generating agent flows down while warming up and collects at the bottom, enters the outer peripheral vaporizing chamber and further rises in temperature, and is efficiently vaporized from the liquid surface whose area is enlarged with the inclination. To do.

【０００７】[0007]

【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を図面により説明す
る。図１、図２において、１は発煙剤を貯留するタンク
で、該タンク１上に送液ポンプ２が配設している。３は
有底円筒形状の気化筒３である。気化筒３は送液管４に
接続する中央気化室５と、底部空間６を介して中央気化
室５と連通する外周気化室７の各々が同軸状に形成され
ており、さらに中央気化室５と外周気化室７との間に中
空円筒形状のヒータ８が挿嵌されている。また気化筒３
は、鉛直姿勢に対してθ（θは４５〜７０度が望まし
い）傾斜するように設けられている。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a tank for storing a smoke generating agent, and a liquid feed pump 2 is arranged on the tank 1. Reference numeral 3 is a vaporizing cylinder 3 having a bottomed cylindrical shape. In the vaporization cylinder 3, a central vaporization chamber 5 connected to the liquid supply pipe 4 and an outer peripheral vaporization chamber 7 communicating with the central vaporization chamber 5 via a bottom space 6 are formed coaxially, and the central vaporization chamber 5 is further formed. A hollow cylindrical heater 8 is inserted between the outer peripheral vaporization chamber 7 and the outer peripheral vaporization chamber 7. In addition, vaporization cylinder 3
Is provided so as to be inclined by θ (θ is preferably 45 to 70 degrees) with respect to the vertical posture.

【０００８】９は噴出管で、連通口１０を介して気化筒
３に取付けられている。噴出管９は先端にノズル１１が
設けられ、内部にノズル１１を開閉する弁杆１２が配置
されている。弁杆１２は可動片１３と連結しており、該
可動片１３の外方にソレノイド１４が配設されている。
噴出管９の後端にはノズル１１の閉塞時に開口する戻し
弁１５が構成され、戻し弁１５は回収管１６を介してタ
ンク１と接続している。なお、１７は外周気化室７の適
所に設けられた温度センサである。Reference numeral 9 denotes an ejection pipe, which is attached to the vaporization cylinder 3 through a communication port 10. A nozzle 11 is provided at the tip of the ejection pipe 9, and a valve rod 12 for opening and closing the nozzle 11 is arranged inside. The valve rod 12 is connected to a movable piece 13, and a solenoid 14 is arranged outside the movable piece 13.
A return valve 15 that opens when the nozzle 11 is closed is formed at the rear end of the ejection pipe 9, and the return valve 15 is connected to the tank 1 via a recovery pipe 16. Reference numeral 17 is a temperature sensor provided at a proper position in the outer peripheral vaporization chamber 7.

【０００９】次に前記構成における動作を説明する。電
源を投入すると、ヒータ８に通電が開始され、ヒータ８
に隣接する中央気化室５と外周気化室７が効率的に加熱
される。中央気化室５はヒータ８の内方に位置し、熱の
逃げ場が少ないことから昇温が速く、反対に外周気化室
７は外気に触れていて幾らか昇温が遅れるが、気化筒３
は全体として効率よく加熱されることにより、短時間で
予熱完了となる。Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. When the power is turned on, the heater 8 is energized and the heater 8
The central vaporizing chamber 5 and the outer peripheral vaporizing chamber 7 adjacent to are efficiently heated. Since the central vaporizing chamber 5 is located inside the heater 8 and the heat escape area is small, the temperature rises quickly. On the contrary, the outer peripheral vaporizing chamber 7 is exposed to the outside air and the temperature rise is delayed to some extent.
As a result of being efficiently heated as a whole, preheating is completed in a short time.

【００１０】温度センサ１７が予熱完了温度（例えば、
１８０℃）を検出した以後、即ち発煙待機中に発煙操作
がなされると、送液ポンプ２が始動することにより発煙
剤が中央気化室５に流入する。このとき気化筒３の内部
に位置する中央気化室５は、図４の実線で示すような温
度分布を呈しており、予熱完了温度よりも高温であるた
め、発煙剤は流入と同時に瞬時に気化膨張し、気化筒３
の内圧を一気に高める。内圧が高い状態では発煙剤の流
入が妨げられるものの、高温のガスが連通口１０から噴
出管９に流出することにより内圧が下がる。また、ガス
は熱媒体の役目を果たすので、これが気化筒３内を流れ
ることによって各部の温度差が縮小し、噴出管９の温度
も上昇する。The temperature sensor 17 has a preheating completion temperature (for example,
180 ° C.), that is, when the smoke generation operation is performed during the smoke generation standby, the liquid supply pump 2 is started to cause the smoke generation agent to flow into the central vaporization chamber 5. At this time, the central vaporizing chamber 5 located inside the vaporizing tube 3 exhibits a temperature distribution as shown by the solid line in FIG. 4, and since it is higher than the preheating completion temperature, the smoke generating agent vaporizes instantaneously at the same time as it flows in. Expand and vaporize tube 3
Increase the internal pressure of. When the internal pressure is high, the inflow of the smoke generating agent is hindered, but the high temperature gas flows out from the communication port 10 to the ejection pipe 9, so that the internal pressure decreases. Further, since the gas serves as a heat medium, the gas flows in the vaporizing cylinder 3 to reduce the temperature difference between the respective parts and also raise the temperature of the ejection pipe 9.

【００１１】噴出管９内へのガス流入と相前後してソレ
ノイド１４に通電が行われる。これにより可動片１３が
吸引されて戻し弁１５が閉塞し、ノズル１１が開口する
ので、充満したガスはノズル１１から勢いよく噴出す
る。そして噴出開始後は気化筒３内に適量の発煙剤が流
入することにより発煙が継続する。The solenoid 14 is energized before and after the gas flows into the ejection pipe 9. As a result, the movable piece 13 is sucked, the return valve 15 is closed, and the nozzle 11 is opened, so that the filled gas is vigorously ejected from the nozzle 11. After the start of ejection, an appropriate amount of fuming agent flows into the vaporizing cylinder 3 to continue fuming.

【００１２】通常の発煙中においては、底部空間６に発
煙剤が貯まる。これは、発煙当初は既述の如く中央気化
室５の入り口付近で気化するが、気化に伴って壁面が冷
やされ、流れ下る発煙剤の比熱が大きいこともあって気
液境界が下降し、最終的に中央気化室５の温度分布が図
４の点線のように変化し、比較的低温の底部空間６まで
発煙剤が気化せずに到達してしまうことによる。During normal smoke generation, the smoke generating agent accumulates in the bottom space 6. At the beginning of smoke generation, this vaporizes near the entrance of the central vaporization chamber 5 as described above, but the wall surface is cooled due to the vaporization, and the specific heat of the smoke generating agent flowing down is large, so the gas-liquid boundary is lowered, This is because the temperature distribution of the central vaporizing chamber 5 finally changes as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 4, and the smoke generating agent reaches the relatively low temperature bottom space 6 without vaporizing.

【００１３】このように、底部空間６に発煙剤が貯まっ
たような状況においては、発煙待機中に比して中央気化
室５の温度が低いため、相対的に外周気化室７の温度が
高くなる。よってこれ以後、発煙剤は外周気化室７内で
気化し、これより噴出管９に入ってノズル１１から発煙
していくようになる。As described above, in a situation where the smoke generating agent is accumulated in the bottom space 6, the temperature of the central vaporizing chamber 5 is lower than that during the smoke standby, so that the temperature of the outer peripheral vaporizing chamber 7 is relatively high. Become. Therefore, thereafter, the smoke generating agent is vaporized in the outer peripheral vaporization chamber 7, enters the ejection pipe 9 from this, and smokes from the nozzle 11.

【００１４】本例の発煙器は気化筒３を傾斜姿勢に設け
てあり、こうすることによって気化効率が向上する。即
ち傾斜していると、図３のように外周気化室７内におけ
る液面の面積が広くなる結果気化し易くなり、さらに外
周気化室７の底部から高温の中央部にかけて液面が広く
分布することにより、発煙剤の低沸点成分から高沸点成
分までが確実に気化し、安定した発煙が行われることと
なる。In the smoke generator of this example, the vaporizing cylinder 3 is provided in an inclined posture, and by doing so, vaporization efficiency is improved. That is, when inclined, the area of the liquid surface in the outer peripheral vaporization chamber 7 becomes wider as shown in FIG. 3, resulting in easier vaporization, and further, the liquid surface is widely distributed from the bottom of the outer peripheral vaporization chamber 7 to the high temperature central portion. As a result, the low-boiling point component and the high-boiling point component of the smoke generating agent are surely vaporized, and stable smoke generation is performed.

【００１５】なお、気化筒３を水平状態にまで傾斜させ
てしまうと、広い接触面積が確保できてより効率的であ
るように思われるが、この場合は発煙剤の液面が安定せ
ず、外周気化室７のヒータ８側の壁面、即ち高温部に触
れた発煙剤が瞬時に気化したり、液面と噴出管９間の距
離が短くてノズル１１から気化が不十分な液体が噴出し
てしまう等の不具合が発生し易くなる。It should be noted that if the vaporizing cylinder 3 is tilted to a horizontal state, a wide contact area can be secured and it seems more efficient, but in this case, the liquid level of the smoke generating agent is not stable, The smoke generating agent that touches the wall surface of the outer peripheral vaporization chamber 7 on the heater 8 side, that is, the high temperature portion is instantly vaporized, or the insufficient vaporization liquid is jetted from the nozzle 11 due to the short distance between the liquid surface and the jet pipe 9. Problems such as accidents are likely to occur.

【００１６】発煙中に電源を切ると、送液ポンプ２が停
止すると共に、ソレノイド１４への通電が遮断されてノ
ズル１１が閉塞する。そしてこれ以後も、気化筒３内に
残留する発煙剤は余熱によって気化し続けるが、ノズル
１１の閉塞に伴って開口した戻し弁１５、回収管１６を
経てタンク１に回収されるので、気化筒３内が異常な高
圧になることが防止される。When the power is turned off during smoking, the liquid feed pump 2 is stopped and the solenoid 14 is de-energized to close the nozzle 11. After that, the fuming agent remaining in the vaporizing cylinder 3 continues to vaporize due to the residual heat, but since it is recovered in the tank 1 through the return valve 15 and the recovery pipe 16 which are opened when the nozzle 11 is closed, the vaporizing cylinder An abnormally high pressure in 3 is prevented.

【００１７】[0017]

【発明の効果】以上に説明したように本発明の発煙器に
よれば、以下の効果が得られる。即ち第一の発明では、
ヒータの発熱が中央気化室と外周気化室の加熱に有効に
利用されるので、気化筒全体が速やかに昇温し、電源を
投入してから発煙するまでの時間を大幅に短縮できると
共に、少ない消費電力で大量の発煙が行える等、煙の噴
出に好適である。As described above, according to the smoke generator of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. That is, in the first invention,
Since the heat generated by the heater is effectively used to heat the central vaporization chamber and the peripheral vaporization chamber, the temperature of the entire vaporization cylinder rises rapidly, and the time from turning on the power to producing smoke can be greatly shortened and reduced. It is suitable for ejecting smoke because it can generate a large amount of smoke with power consumption.

【００１８】さらに第二の発明では、第一の発明効果の
他、外周気化室内の液面の面積が広くなって気化し易く
なると共に、外周気化室の底部から高温の中央部にかけ
て液面が広く分布することにより、発煙剤の低沸点成分
から高沸点成分まで確実に気化し、安定した発煙が行わ
れる。In addition to the effect of the first aspect of the invention, the second aspect of the invention further increases the area of the liquid surface in the outer peripheral vaporization chamber to facilitate vaporization, and the liquid surface is increased from the bottom of the outer peripheral vaporization chamber to the high temperature central portion. Due to the wide distribution, the low-boiling point component to the high-boiling point component of the smoke generating agent is surely vaporized, and stable smoke generation is performed.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明の実施例の発煙器に関する横断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a smoke generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】本発明の実施例の発煙器に関する縦断面図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a smoke generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図３】気化筒が傾斜姿勢にあるときの気液境界を説明
する図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a gas-liquid boundary when the vaporization cylinder is in an inclined posture.

【図４】中央気化室の軸方向の温度分布を説明する図で
ある。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a temperature distribution in the central vaporization chamber in the axial direction.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

３ 気化筒 ４ 送液管 ５ 中央気化室 ７ 外周気化室 ８ ヒータ ９ 噴出管 １０ 連通口 １１ ノズル 3 vaporization cylinder 4 liquid feed pipe 5 central vaporization chamber 7 outer peripheral vaporization chamber 8 heater 9 ejection pipe 10 communication port 11 nozzle

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】有底円筒形状の気化筒内に、送液管に接続
する中央気化室と外周気化室を底部で連通するように形
成し、中央気化室と外周気化室の間にヒータを挿嵌する
と共に、先端にノズルを備えた噴出管を連通口を介して
気化筒に取付けた発煙器。1. A bottomed cylindrical vaporization cylinder is formed so that a central vaporization chamber and an outer peripheral vaporization chamber connected to a liquid feed pipe communicate with each other at the bottom, and a heater is provided between the central vaporization chamber and the outer peripheral vaporization chamber. A smoke generator that is inserted and attached to a vaporization tube through a communication port with a jet pipe equipped with a nozzle at the tip. 【請求項２】気化筒は鉛直姿勢に対して４５〜７０度傾
斜するように設けられた請求項１記載の発煙器。2. The smoke generator according to claim 1, wherein the vaporizing cylinder is provided so as to be inclined by 45 to 70 degrees with respect to a vertical posture.