JPH06317662A - Ultrasonic device - Google Patents

Ultrasonic device

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Publication number
JPH06317662A
JPH06317662A JP10824593A JP10824593A JPH06317662A JP H06317662 A JPH06317662 A JP H06317662A JP 10824593 A JP10824593 A JP 10824593A JP 10824593 A JP10824593 A JP 10824593A JP H06317662 A JPH06317662 A JP H06317662A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
unit
distance
transmitting
ultrasonic
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP10824593A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Terumi Shibazaki
輝身 柴崎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujitsu General Ltd
Original Assignee
Fujitsu General Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fujitsu General Ltd filed Critical Fujitsu General Ltd
Priority to JP10824593A priority Critical patent/JPH06317662A/en
Publication of JPH06317662A publication Critical patent/JPH06317662A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To detect the existing position of an object with accuracy by judging the coordinates of small sections where the object exists on a survey area on the basis of different distance data from plural ultrasonic transmit-receive parts to the object. CONSTITUTION:Only a first transmit-receive part 10 is put in action, and the time until the return of reflected wave from an object is clocked (9). On the basis of this data, the distance to the object is computed (6). In the same way, only a second transmit-receive part 20 is put in action, and the distance to the object is computed (16). A survey area is previously divided into specified small sections, and a storage part 13 is stored with the coordinate data of each small section and also with distance data from the respective transmit- receive parts 10, 20 to each small section in the related state. On the basis of the detected and computed distance data every transmit-receive part, a discriminating part 14 selects the suitable small sections from the respective transmit-receive parts 10, 20 and discriminates the common small section out of the small sections selected every transmit-receive part. The coordinates of this small section is the existing position of the object.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、複数組の送受信部を備
え、対象物の位置を検出し図示する超音波装置に関す
る。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ultrasonic device having a plurality of sets of transmitting / receiving sections for detecting the position of an object and showing it.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、1組の方向が固定されて所定の位
置に取付けられたスピーカ(送信部の音源)ならびにマ
イク(受信部の検知器)を備えてなり、対象物の反射波
を検出し、その対象物までの距離を測定する超音波装置
があった。その動作原理は、スピーカから発射された超
音波は、超音波の性質上、スピーカを頂点として進行す
るにつれて円錐形状に拡散する性質をもち、前方の被測
定物にこの超音波が当たると、反射波を発生する。マイ
クは前記反射波を捕捉し、超音波を発射後反射波が戻っ
て来るまでの時間から、被測定物までの距離を計算す
る。しかし、この方式の超音波装置では、スピーカおよ
びマイクが固定されているので、対象物の存在方向を検
出する機能はない。また、この方式は広がりのある円錐
形状ビームで被測定物を検出し、検出された位置は全て
ビームの中心線上に存在するものとしてとらえるため、
基本的に被測定物位置の確度が低い。他の従来例とし
て、対象物の存在方向を検出するため、例えば、スピー
カおよびマイクの方向を変化させる、所謂首振り運動を
させる超音波装置があるが、この方式の超音波装置は、
駆動用のモータ等を必要とし、構造が複雑である上、方
向検出の精度も良いものではなかった。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a set of directions is fixed and a speaker (sound source of a transmitter) and a microphone (detector of a receiver) mounted at a predetermined position are provided to detect a reflected wave of an object. However, there is an ultrasonic device that measures the distance to the object. The operating principle is that the ultrasonic wave emitted from the speaker has the property of diffusing into a conical shape as it travels with the speaker as the apex due to the nature of the ultrasonic wave, and when this ultrasonic wave hits the DUT in front, it is reflected. Generate waves. The microphone captures the reflected wave and calculates the distance to the object to be measured from the time until the reflected wave returns after emitting the ultrasonic wave. However, in this type of ultrasonic device, the speaker and the microphone are fixed, and thus there is no function of detecting the direction in which the object exists. In addition, this method detects the object to be measured with a divergent conical beam, and the detected positions are all considered to be on the center line of the beam.
Basically, the accuracy of the measured object position is low. As another conventional example, there is an ultrasonic device that changes the direction of a speaker and a microphone, that is, performs a so-called swinging motion in order to detect the presence direction of an object.
A driving motor or the like is required, the structure is complicated, and the direction detection accuracy is not good.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記問題点に
鑑みなされたもので、簡単な構造で対象物の存在位置を
精度良く検出する超音波装置を提供することを目的とす
る。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an ultrasonic device having a simple structure and capable of accurately detecting the existing position of an object.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、超音波を発射するとともに反射して戻った超音波を
受信し対象物までの超音波の往復時間を計測する少なく
とも2組の送受信部と、送受信部が計測した時間に基づ
き対象物までの距離を計算する演算部と、前記各送受信
部からの距離と小区分に分割した探査エリア上での相応
する小区分の座標データとを関連付けて記憶する記憶部
と、前記少なくとも2組備える送受信部のそれぞれから
対象物までの異なる距離データに基づき探査エリア上の
対象物が存在する小区分の座標を判定する判別部と、対
象物の位置を表す表示部と、各部を制御する制御部とで
なる。
In order to achieve the above object, at least two sets of transmission / reception for emitting ultrasonic waves, receiving reflected ultrasonic waves, and measuring the round-trip time of ultrasonic waves to an object are transmitted and received. Unit, a calculation unit that calculates the distance to the object based on the time measured by the transmission / reception unit, and the distance from each transmission / reception unit and the coordinate data of the corresponding subdivision on the exploration area divided into subdivisions. A storage unit that stores the data in association with each other, a determination unit that determines the coordinates of a subsection in which an object on the exploration area exists based on different distance data from each of the at least two sets of transmission / reception units to the object, and the object It is composed of a display unit that indicates the position and a control unit that controls each unit.

【0005】[0005]

【作用】以上のように構成したので、第一の送受信部だ
けを動作状態にし、対象物からの反射波の戻るまでの時
間を計測し、そのデータに基づき対象物までの距離を計
算する。同様に、第二の送受信部だけを動作状態にし、
対象物までの距離を計算する。以降、最後の送受信部に
いたるまで、各送受信部から対象物までの距離を計算す
る。記憶部には、予め、探査エリアを所定の小区分に分
割し各小区分の座標データを記憶するとともに、送受信
部毎に送受信部から前記各小区分までの距離のデータを
関連付けて記憶させておく。判別部は、検出し計算され
た送受信部毎の距離データに基づき、その送受信部から
相応する小区分を選択し、各送受信部毎に選択した小区
分の中から共通の小区分を判別する。
With the above construction, only the first transmitting / receiving unit is activated, the time until the reflected wave from the object returns is measured, and the distance to the object is calculated based on the data. Similarly, activate only the second transceiver,
Calculate the distance to the object. After that, the distance from each transmission / reception unit to the object is calculated up to the last transmission / reception unit. In the storage unit, the exploration area is divided into predetermined subdivisions in advance and the coordinate data of each subdivision is stored, and the data of the distance from the transmission / reception unit to each of the subdivisions is associated and stored for each transmission / reception unit. deep. The discrimination unit selects a corresponding subsection from the transmission / reception unit based on the detected and calculated distance data for each transmission / reception unit, and discriminates a common subsection from the subsections selected for each transmission / reception unit.

【0006】[0006]

【実施例】以下、本発明による超音波装置について、図
を用いて詳細に説明する。図1は、本発明による超音波
装置の実施例ブロック図である。8はクロック信号を発
振するクロック信号発生部である。5は、前記クロック
信号に基づき所定の周期のパルス信号を生成するパルス
発生部である。2は、前記パルス信号を増幅しスピーカ
1を動作させる駆動部であり、1は超音波パルスを空中
に発射するスピーカである。3は反射して戻った超音波
パルス(反射波)を検出し、電気信号に変換するマイク
であり、4は、超音波パルスを空中に発射直後所定時間
入力を阻止し、前記反射波から得られた電気信号を所定
の周期で通過させるゲートであり、6は、前記ゲート4
を通過した電気信号を増幅する増幅部であり、7は、前
記増幅された信号波形を波形成形する波形成形部であ
る。9はパルス信号を発射した時刻から受信された反射
波が電気信号に変換され波形成形され時間計測部に入力
するまでの時間を測定する時間計測部である。以上の各
部で第一の送受信部(ユニット1)10を成す。20
は、前記第一の送受信部(ユニット1)10と等しい構
成でなる第二の送受信部(ユニット2)である。16
は、前記第一の送受信部10および第二の送受信部20
が計測した時間に基づき、対象物までの距離を計算する
演算部である。13は、前記各送受信部毎に、該送受信
部からの距離と小区分に分割した探査エリア上での相応
する小区分の座標データとを関連付けて記憶する記憶部
である。14は、前記第一の送受信部10および第二の
送受信部20のそれぞれから対象物までの異なる距離デ
ータに基づき探査エリア上の対象物が存在する小区分の
座標を判定する判別部である。15は探査エリアを画像
表示するとともにその上に対象物の位置を表す表示部で
ある。17は各部を制御する制御部である。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An ultrasonic device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an ultrasonic device according to the present invention. Reference numeral 8 is a clock signal generator that oscillates a clock signal. A pulse generator 5 generates a pulse signal having a predetermined cycle based on the clock signal. Reference numeral 2 is a drive unit that amplifies the pulse signal to operate the speaker 1, and 1 is a speaker that emits ultrasonic pulses into the air. Reference numeral 3 is a microphone that detects an ultrasonic pulse (reflected wave) that is reflected and returned, and converts it into an electric signal. Reference numeral 4 is a microphone that intercepts the ultrasonic pulse in the air for a predetermined time immediately after being emitted, Is a gate for passing the generated electric signal in a predetermined cycle, and 6 is the gate 4
Reference numeral 7 is an amplification unit that amplifies the electric signal that has passed through, and reference numeral 7 is a waveform shaping unit that waveform-shapes the amplified signal waveform. Reference numeral 9 denotes a time measuring unit that measures the time from the time when the pulse signal is emitted to the time when the received reflected wave is converted into an electric signal, waveform-shaped, and input to the time measuring unit. The above-mentioned respective units form a first transmitting / receiving unit (unit 1) 10. 20
Is a second transmission / reception unit (unit 2) having the same configuration as the first transmission / reception unit (unit 1) 10. 16
Is the first transmitting / receiving unit 10 and the second transmitting / receiving unit 20.
Is a calculation unit that calculates the distance to the object based on the time measured by. A storage unit 13 stores, for each of the transmission / reception units, the distance from the transmission / reception unit and the coordinate data of the corresponding subdivision in the search area divided into subdivisions in association with each other. Reference numeral 14 is a discriminating unit for discriminating the coordinates of the subsection in which the object exists on the exploration area based on different distance data from each of the first transmitting / receiving unit 10 and the second transmitting / receiving unit 20 to the object. Reference numeral 15 is a display unit which displays an image of the exploration area and also indicates the position of the object on the exploration area. Reference numeral 17 is a control unit that controls each unit.

【0007】図2は、本発明による超音波装置の画像表
示例である。25はゲート4で制限した探査エリアであ
り、対象物26が、前記探査エリア25内の左前方rメ
ートルに存在し、その座標は左方向にaメートルかつ、
前方にbメートルの位置であることを示す。
FIG. 2 is an image display example of the ultrasonic device according to the present invention. Reference numeral 25 is an exploration area restricted by the gate 4, and an object 26 is present in the exploration area 25 at the left front r meters, and its coordinates are a meters to the left and
Indicates that the position is b meters forward.

【0008】本発明による超音波装置の動作を説明す
る。図3は、本発明による超音波装置で、2つの送受信
部から対象物までの各距離と対象物の存在位置の関係を
示す図である。(イ)図は位置を決める原理図であり、
(ロ)図および(ハ)図は各送受信部で検出した反射波
の往復時間を示す図である。第一の送受信部からの距離
はr1かつ、第二の送受信部からの距離がr2とすると
き、第一の送受信部を中心に半径r1の円を描くととも
に、第二の送受信部を中心に半径r2の円を描き、それ
らの交点の位置が対象物の存在位置となる。また、第一
の送受信部が検出した超音波の対象物までの往復時間t
1と、第二の送受信部が検出した超音波の対象物までの
往復時間t2とから、音速が分かっているので、対象物
までの距離がそれぞれr1およびr2が計算される。
The operation of the ultrasonic device according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between each distance from the two transmitting / receiving sections to the object and the existing position of the object in the ultrasonic device according to the present invention. (B) The figure shows the principle of determining the position,
(B) and (c) are diagrams showing the round-trip time of the reflected wave detected by each transmission / reception unit. When the distance from the first transmitting / receiving unit is r1 and the distance from the second transmitting / receiving unit is r2, a circle with a radius r1 is drawn around the first transmitting / receiving unit and the second transmitting / receiving unit is centered. A circle having a radius r2 is drawn, and the position of the intersection of these circles becomes the existing position of the object. In addition, the round-trip time t of the ultrasonic wave detected by the first transmitter / receiver to the target object
Since the sound velocity is known from 1 and the round-trip time t2 of the ultrasonic wave to the object detected by the second transmitting / receiving unit, the distances r1 and r2 to the object are calculated, respectively.

【0009】図4は、本発明による超音波装置の、対象
物の存在位置を決定する過程を説明する図である。
(イ)図は第一の送受信部(S1)からの距離がr1
で、第二の送受信部(S2)からの距離がr2である対
象物の存在小区分を決める図であり、(ロ)図と(ハ)
図は、各送受信部(S1)と(S2)からの距離の等し
い小区分の座標を選択した表である。各送受信部毎に、
計算された距離に基づき、記憶されているデータから該
当するデータがよみだされる。例えば、S1から距離r
1にある小区分の座標は、(ロ)図に示すように、
(k,1),・・・,の組であり、S2から距離r2に
ある小区分の座標は、(ハ)図に示すように、(2,m
−2),・・・の組である。2つの組の中で共通する小
区分の座標が対象物の存在位置であり、その座標は
(k,6)である。尚、図5に示すように、各送受信部
の感知方向を従来正面前方にしていたものを、斜め前方
向に設定し、斜め方向を検知するようにし、例えば、対
象物の側面、上面あるいは下面等を検出しても良い。
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a process of determining the existence position of an object in the ultrasonic device according to the present invention.
(A) In the figure, the distance from the first transmitting / receiving unit (S1) is r1.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for determining the existence subdivision of the object whose distance from the second transmission / reception unit (S2) is r2.
The figure is a table in which the coordinates of subsections having the same distance from each of the transmission / reception units (S1) and (S2) are selected. For each transceiver
Based on the calculated distance, the corresponding data is retrieved from the stored data. For example, the distance r from S1
The coordinates of the subdivision in 1 are as shown in (b).
The coordinates of a subsection located at a distance r2 from S2 are (2, m) as shown in FIG.
-2), ... The coordinates of the small section common to the two sets are the existence position of the object, and the coordinates are (k, 6). Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 5, the sensing direction of each transmitting / receiving unit is conventionally set to the front and the diagonal direction is set to detect the diagonal direction. For example, the side surface, the upper surface or the lower surface of the object is detected. Etc. may be detected.

【0010】[0010]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明は簡単な構
造で対象物の存在位置を精度良く検出する超音波装置を
提供する。従って、オートドアや無人車の前方障害物監
視用の空間センサ等として利用価値が高い。また、感知
方向を斜め方向に設定した場合は、無人車の側壁検出や
トラックの橋梁の高さの監視等に応用できる。
As described above, the present invention provides an ultrasonic device having a simple structure and capable of accurately detecting the existence position of an object. Therefore, it is highly useful as a space sensor for monitoring obstacles in front of automatic doors and unmanned vehicles. Further, when the sensing direction is set obliquely, it can be applied to the detection of the side wall of an unmanned vehicle, the monitoring of the height of a truck bridge, and the like.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明による超音波装置の実施例ブロック図で
ある。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an ultrasonic device according to the present invention.

【図2】本発明による超音波装置の画像表示例である。FIG. 2 is an image display example of an ultrasonic device according to the present invention.

【図3】本発明による超音波装置で、2つの送受信部か
ら対象物までの各距離と、対象物の存在位置の関係を示
す図である。
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between respective distances from two transmission / reception units to a target object and an existing position of the target object in the ultrasonic device according to the present invention.

【図4】本発明による超音波装置の、対象物の存在位置
を決定する過程を説明する図である。
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a process of determining the existence position of an object in the ultrasonic device according to the present invention.

【図5】本発明による超音波装置で、検知方向を斜め前
方に設定した2つの送受信部から対象物までの各距離
と、対象物の存在位置の関係を示す図である。
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between respective distances from two transmission / reception units whose detection directions are set obliquely forward to an object and the existing position of the object in the ultrasonic device according to the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 スピーカ 2 駆動部 3 マイク 4 ゲート 5 パルス発生部 6 増幅部 7 波形成形部 8 クロック信号発生部 9 時間計測部 10 第一の送受信部(ユニット1) 13 記憶部 14 判別部 15 表示部 16 演算部 17 制御部 20 第二の送受信部(ユニット2) 25 探査エリア 26 対象物 1 Speaker 2 Drive Unit 3 Microphone 4 Gate 5 Pulse Generator 6 Amplifier 7 Waveform Shaper 8 Clock Signal Generator 9 Time Measuring Unit 10 First Transmitter / Receiver (Unit 1) 13 Memory 14 Discriminator 15 Display 16 16 Calculation Part 17 Control part 20 Second transmitting / receiving part (unit 2) 25 Search area 26 Object

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 超音波を発射するとともに反射して戻っ
た超音波を受信し対象物までの超音波の往復時間を計測
する少なくとも2組の送受信部と、送受信部が計測した
時間に基づき対象物までの距離を計算する演算部と、前
記各送受信部からの距離と小区分に分割した探査エリア
上での相応する小区分の座標データとを関連付けて記憶
する記憶部と、前記少なくとも2組備える送受信部のそ
れぞれから対象物までの異なる距離データに基づき探査
エリア上の対象物が存在する小区分の座標を判定する判
別部と、対象物の位置を表す表示部と、各部を制御する
制御部とでなることを特徴とする超音波装置。
1. At least two sets of transmitting / receiving units that emit ultrasonic waves, receive the reflected and returned ultrasonic waves, and measure the round-trip time of the ultrasonic waves to an object, and the target based on the time measured by the transmitting / receiving unit. An arithmetic unit for calculating a distance to an object; a storage unit for associating and storing a distance from each of the transmitting / receiving units and coordinate data of a corresponding subdivision on the search area divided into subdivisions; A determination unit that determines the coordinates of the subsection where the target object exists in the exploration area based on different distance data from each of the transmission / reception units that are provided, a display unit that indicates the position of the target object, and control that controls each unit An ultrasonic device characterized by comprising:
【請求項2】 上記送受信部が、クロック信号を発振す
るクロック信号発生部と、前記クロック信号に基づき所
定の周期のパルス信号を生成するパルス発生部と、前記
パルス信号を増幅するとともにスピーカを駆動する駆動
部と、超音波パルスを空中に発射するスピーカと、反射
して戻った超音波パルス(反射波)を検出し電気パルス
信号に変換するマイクと、前記反射波から得られた電気
パルス信号を所定の周期で通過させるゲートと、前記ゲ
ートを通過した電気信号を増幅する増幅部と、前記増幅
された信号を波形成形する波形成形部と、パルス信号を
発射した時刻から受信された反射波が電気信号に変換さ
れ波形成形され時間計測部に入力するまでの時間を測定
する時間計測部とでなる請求項1記載の超音波装置。
2. The transmitter / receiver section oscillates a clock signal, a clock signal generation section, a pulse generation section that generates a pulse signal of a predetermined cycle based on the clock signal, amplifies the pulse signal, and drives a speaker. Drive unit, a speaker that emits ultrasonic pulses into the air, a microphone that detects reflected ultrasonic waves (reflected waves) and converts them into electric pulse signals, and an electric pulse signal obtained from the reflected waves For a predetermined period, an amplification unit for amplifying the electric signal passing through the gate, a waveform shaping unit for shaping the amplified signal in a waveform, and a reflected wave received from the time when the pulse signal is emitted. The ultrasonic device according to claim 1, further comprising: a time measuring unit that measures a time until the signal is converted into an electric signal, waveform-shaped, and input to the time measuring unit.
【請求項3】 上記表示部が画像を表示する装置でな
り、探査エリアと対象物の存在位置ならびに各送受信部
の位置とを一緒に画像表示する請求項1記載の超音波装
置。
3. The ultrasonic device according to claim 1, wherein the display unit is a device that displays an image, and the display area and the position of the target object and the position of each transmitting / receiving unit are displayed together as an image.
JP10824593A 1993-05-10 1993-05-10 Ultrasonic device Pending JPH06317662A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10824593A JPH06317662A (en) 1993-05-10 1993-05-10 Ultrasonic device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10824593A JPH06317662A (en) 1993-05-10 1993-05-10 Ultrasonic device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH06317662A true JPH06317662A (en) 1994-11-15

Family

ID=14479767

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP10824593A Pending JPH06317662A (en) 1993-05-10 1993-05-10 Ultrasonic device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH06317662A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012198066A (en) * 2011-03-18 2012-10-18 Fujitsu Ltd Position detecting device, wearable sensor system and program
US20160003943A1 (en) * 2013-03-04 2016-01-07 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co. Ltd. Obstacle detection device for vehicle and obstacle detection system for vehicle

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012198066A (en) * 2011-03-18 2012-10-18 Fujitsu Ltd Position detecting device, wearable sensor system and program
US20160003943A1 (en) * 2013-03-04 2016-01-07 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co. Ltd. Obstacle detection device for vehicle and obstacle detection system for vehicle
US9507023B2 (en) * 2013-03-04 2016-11-29 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Obstacle detection device for vehicle and obstacle detection system for vehicle

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