JPH0631133A - Method for purifying air and air cleaner - Google Patents
Method for purifying air and air cleanerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0631133A JPH0631133A JP4186471A JP18647192A JPH0631133A JP H0631133 A JPH0631133 A JP H0631133A JP 4186471 A JP4186471 A JP 4186471A JP 18647192 A JP18647192 A JP 18647192A JP H0631133 A JPH0631133 A JP H0631133A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- air
- gas
- adsorbent
- odorous gas
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は家庭やオフィスなどで発
生する臭気、たとえばトイレの臭い、ペットの臭い、た
ばこ臭・調理臭・体臭などを触媒と吸着剤により浄化す
る空気浄化方法および空気清浄装置に関するものであ
る。The present invention relates to an air purifying method and an air purifying method for purifying odors generated at home or office, such as toilet odors, pet odors, tobacco odors, cooking odors, body odors, etc., with a catalyst and an adsorbent. It relates to the device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】家庭やオフィス内で発生する悪臭の成分
は、窒素化合物（アンモニア・アミン類・インド−ル・
スカト−ルなど）、硫黄化合物（硫化水素・メチルメル
カプタン・硫化メチル・二硫化メチルなど）、アルデヒ
ド類（ホルムアルデヒド・アセトアルデヒドなど）、低
級脂肪酸（酢酸・プロピオン酸・ノルマル酪酸・ノルマ
ル吉草酸・イソ吉草酸など）、ケトン類・アルコ−ル類
および芳香族化合物など多種多様である。2. Description of the Related Art Malodorous components generated in homes and offices are nitrogen compounds (ammonia, amines, indoles,
Skatole, etc., sulfur compounds (hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, methyl disulfide, etc.), aldehydes (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, etc.), lower fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid, normal butyric acid, normal valeric acid, isokichi) (Eg, herb acid), ketones / alcohols, and aromatic compounds.
【０００３】従来、このような悪臭を除去する方法とし
て、悪臭物質と薬剤とを化学反応させる方法、芳香剤で
悪臭物質をマスキングする方法、活性炭やゼオライトな
どで悪臭物質を吸着する方法、およびこれらの方法を組
み合わせて用いる方法があった。Conventionally, as a method for removing such a malodor, a method of chemically reacting a malodorous substance with a drug, a method of masking the malodorous substance with an aromatic agent, a method of adsorbing the malodorous substance with activated carbon or zeolite, and the like There was a method of using a combination of the above methods.
【０００４】以上のように種々な方法のうち、活性炭は
多くの物質に対する吸着速度、吸着容量に極めて優れて
おり、空気清浄装置にもっとも良く使用される脱臭剤で
ある。しかし活性炭においても、前記悪臭成分のうち臭
気の強い成分の一つであるアンモニア・メチルアミンな
どの低沸点窒素化合物と、ホルマリン・アセトアルデヒ
ドなどの低沸点アルデヒド類に対する吸着能力は低いも
のであった。Of the various methods as described above, activated carbon is a deodorant most often used in air purifiers because of its excellent adsorption rate and adsorption capacity for many substances. However, even activated carbon has a low adsorption capacity for low-boiling nitrogen compounds such as ammonia / methylamine and low-boiling aldehydes such as formalin / acetaldehyde, which are one of the malodorous components having a strong odor.
【０００５】そこで、薬品を活性炭に添着した脱臭剤が
用いられるようになってきた。しかし、上記添着炭にお
いても、低級窒素化合物及び低級アルデヒド類の添着さ
れている薬品との化学吸着、高沸点化合物の物理吸着の
容量は限られたものである。つまり、添着炭を使った脱
臭剤の寿命は、通常数ヶ月から半年、長くても１年が限
度であり、頻繁に交換する手間と費用が大変であるとい
う欠点があった。Therefore, a deodorant obtained by impregnating a chemical with activated carbon has come to be used. However, even in the above-mentioned impregnated carbon, the capacity of chemical adsorption of chemicals impregnated with lower nitrogen compounds and lower aldehydes and physical adsorption of high boiling point compounds is limited. That is, the life of the deodorant using impregnated carbon is usually several months to half a year, and at most one year at the maximum, and there is a drawback that it is troublesome and costly to replace it frequently.
【０００６】このような煩わしい操作の頻度を大幅に減
少、あるいはこの操作そのものが必要でなくなる脱臭方
法として、酸化チタン等の半導体に紫外線を照射し、そ
れによって励起された半導体が有機物などを酸化分解す
る光触媒の利用が試みられている。As a deodorizing method in which the frequency of such troublesome operations is greatly reduced or the operations themselves are not necessary, a semiconductor such as titanium oxide is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and the semiconductor excited thereby oxidatively decomposes organic substances and the like. Attempts have been made to utilize photocatalysts that do.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】このような光触媒を用
いて脱臭を行う方法では、活性炭で脱臭が困難であった
アセトアルデヒド類、およびその他の悪臭物質を効果的
に脱臭でき、また長期間その性能を維持することが可能
である。In the method of deodorizing using such a photocatalyst, it is possible to effectively deodorize acetaldehydes and other malodorous substances, which were difficult to deodorize with activated carbon, and also the performance thereof for a long period of time. It is possible to maintain
【０００８】ところが、家庭やオフィス内に発生する悪
臭は、ガス成分と共にたばこの煙りや、調理煙の中など
に含まれる高分子物質（ニコチンなどのアルカロイド・
フェノ−ル類・炭化水素など）が混ざり合って存在す
る。これらの高分子物質は、臭気の弱いものが多いが、
光触媒の反応を起こす半導体表面に付着しこれを覆って
しまうものである。このため触媒まで紫外線が達せず、
触媒がエネルギーを受けにくくなり、光触媒反応が低下
して反応劣化を引き起こすものである。However, the bad odor generated in homes and offices is accompanied by gas components such as cigarette smoke and polymer substances (alkaloids such as nicotine) contained in cooking smoke.
It exists as a mixture of phenols and hydrocarbons. Many of these polymeric substances have a weak odor,
It adheres to and covers the surface of the semiconductor that causes a photocatalytic reaction. For this reason, ultraviolet rays do not reach the catalyst,
It becomes difficult for the catalyst to receive energy, and the photocatalytic reaction is lowered to cause reaction deterioration.
【０００９】また活性炭などの吸着剤においては、臭気
ガス濃度が高い場合は吸着速度が早いが、ガス濃度が低
い場合には吸着速度が遅いものである。一方、光触媒の
低濃度での反応速度は、吸着剤の吸着速度と同じかそれ
よりも早いが、高濃度における反応は、吸着剤による吸
着速度よりも遅いものである。In the case of an adsorbent such as activated carbon, the adsorption rate is high when the odor gas concentration is high, but it is low when the gas concentration is low. On the other hand, the reaction rate of the photocatalyst at a low concentration is the same as or faster than the adsorption rate of the adsorbent, but the reaction at a high concentration is slower than the adsorption rate by the adsorbent.
【００１０】本発明はこのような従来の方法が有してい
る課題を解決しようとするものであって、脱臭性能が高
く、しかも耐久寿命の長い空気浄化方法を提供すること
を第一の目的としている。The present invention is intended to solve the problems of such conventional methods, and a first object of the present invention is to provide an air purification method having high deodorizing performance and long durability life. I am trying.
【００１１】また、脱臭性能が高く、耐久寿命の長い空
気清浄装置を提供することを第二の目的としている。A second object of the present invention is to provide an air cleaning device having a high deodorizing performance and a long durable life.
【００１２】さらに、自動的に効率良く脱臭する空気清
浄装置を提供することを第三の目的としている。A third object of the present invention is to provide an air cleaning device that automatically and efficiently deodorizes.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】第一の目的を達成するた
めの本発明の第一の手段は、臭気ガスを含む空気を吸着
剤層に通過させて浄化するとともに、吸着剤層による浄
化により臭気ガス濃度の減衰が緩やかになった時点で、
次に前記空気を紫外線によって励起した光触媒層に通過
させて浄化する空気浄化方法とするものである。The first means of the present invention for attaining the first object is to pass air containing an odorous gas through an adsorbent layer for purification and to purify the adsorbent layer. When the decay of the odorous gas concentration becomes gentle,
Next, an air purification method is performed in which the air is passed through a photocatalyst layer excited by ultraviolet rays to be purified.
【００１４】第二の目的を達成するための本発明の第二
の手段は、空気中のガス濃度を検知するガスセンサと、
臭気ガスを含む空気を通過させる吸着剤層および光触媒
層と、ガスセンサによる臭気ガスの検知により、臭気ガ
スを含む空気を吸着剤層と光触媒層に切り換えて導く流
路切替手段とを有する空気清浄装置とするものである。A second means of the present invention for achieving the second object is a gas sensor for detecting a gas concentration in air,
An air cleaning device having an adsorbent layer and a photocatalyst layer that allow air containing odorous gas to pass therethrough, and a flow path switching means that switches the air containing odorous gas to the adsorbent layer and the photocatalyst layer by detecting the odorous gas with a gas sensor. It is what
【００１５】第三の目的を達成するための本発明の第三
の手段は、空気中のガス濃度を検知するガスセンサと、
臭気ガスを含む空気を通過させる吸着剤層および光触媒
層と、ガスセンサによる臭気ガスの検知により、臭気ガ
スを含む空気を吸着剤層と光触媒層に切り換えて導く流
路切替手段と、前記ガスセンサの初期出力の大きさに比
例した時間後に前記流路切替手段の切り替えをする切り
替えタイマとを有する空気清浄装置とするものである。A third means of the present invention for achieving the third object is a gas sensor for detecting a gas concentration in air,
An adsorbent layer and a photocatalyst layer that allow air containing odorous gas to pass therethrough, and a flow path switching unit that guides the air containing odorous gas to the adsorbent layer and photocatalyst layer by detecting the odorous gas with a gas sensor, and an initial stage of the gas sensor. The air cleaning device includes a switching timer that switches the flow path switching means after a time proportional to the magnitude of the output.
【００１６】[0016]
【作用】本発明の第一の手段は、活性炭やゼオライト・
シリカゲル・活性アルミナ・セピオライト・酸化チタン
・亜鉛華等の吸着剤層を使用して、濃度の高い臭気ガス
をすばやく吸着し、残ったガスを光触媒作用で分解して
無臭にするように作用するものである。従って、脱臭速
度が早く高性能であり、また吸着剤・光触媒を共に長寿
命にできるものである。これは、吸着剤層はガス濃度が
高い方が吸着速度が早く、吸着容量も大きく、また光触
媒層はガス濃度が低い方が寿命が長く、分解速度（減衰
率）は濃度にほとんど依存しないからである。[Function] The first means of the present invention is activated carbon or zeolite.
Using an adsorbent layer of silica gel, activated alumina, sepiolite, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, etc., which quickly adsorbs odorous gas with a high concentration and decomposes the remaining gas by photocatalytic action to make it odorless. Is. Therefore, the deodorizing rate is fast and the performance is high, and both the adsorbent and the photocatalyst can have a long life. This is because the higher the gas concentration of the adsorbent layer, the faster the adsorption rate and the larger adsorption capacity, and the lower the gas concentration of the photocatalyst layer, the longer the life, and the decomposition rate (attenuation rate) hardly depends on the concentration. Is.
【００１７】また本発明の第二の手段は、ガスセンサで
臭気ガスの検知により、吸着剤層の能力の限界を見極め
て、光触媒層に切り替えるように作用するものである。
つまり、臭気ガスをより効率良く脱臭するよう作用する
ものである。The second means of the present invention is to detect the odorous gas with a gas sensor to determine the limit of the capacity of the adsorbent layer and to switch to the photocatalyst layer.
That is, it acts to deodorize odorous gas more efficiently.
【００１８】さらに本発明の第三の手段は、ガスセンサ
の初期出力の大きさに比例した時間後に吸着剤層から光
触媒層に切り替えるようにしているもので、臭気ガスを
自動的に効率良く脱臭するものである。Further, the third means of the present invention is such that the adsorbent layer is switched to the photocatalyst layer after a time proportional to the magnitude of the initial output of the gas sensor, and the odorous gas is automatically and efficiently deodorized. It is a thing.
【００１９】[0019]
（実施例１）図１〜図３を参照しながら本発明の第１の
手段を用いた実施例を説明する。図１は実験装置を示し
ているものであり、１は容積１ｍ3 のガラス製の箱で、
扉２と、扉２用の取っ手３を備えている。４・５は箱１
の中のガスや煙を均一に攪拌するためのファンとモ−タ
である。６は箱１内のガスをサンプリングするためのゴ
ム栓である。箱１の中には、吸着剤層・集塵フィルタ・
送風機を備えた吸着剤空気清浄装置７と、光触媒層・こ
れに対向して設けた紫外線灯・送風機を備えた光触媒空
気清浄装置９とを設置している。８は吸着剤空気清浄装
置７の送風機の入り切りスイッチ、１０・１１は光触媒
空気清浄装置９の紫外線灯・送風機のスイッチである。
また、箱１の中には、たばこ１２を自然燃焼させるため
の皿１３を置いてある。(Embodiment 1) An embodiment using the first means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Figure 1 shows the experimental apparatus, 1 is a glass box with a volume of 1 m 3 ,
It has a door 2 and a handle 3 for the door 2. Box 4 and 5
It is a fan and a motor for uniformly stirring the gas and smoke inside. 6 is a rubber stopper for sampling the gas in the box 1. Inside the box 1, there is an adsorbent layer, a dust collection filter,
An adsorbent air cleaning device 7 having a blower, and a photocatalyst layer, an ultraviolet lamp provided opposite to the photocatalyst layer, and a photocatalytic air cleaning device 9 having a blower are installed. Reference numeral 8 is an on / off switch of the blower of the adsorbent air cleaning apparatus 7, and 10 and 11 are switches of an ultraviolet lamp and a blower of the photocatalytic air cleaning apparatus 9.
Further, in the box 1, there is placed a plate 13 for spontaneously burning the cigarette 12.
【００２０】吸着剤空気清浄装置７の吸着剤としては、
活性炭・ゼオライト・シリカゲル・あるいはセピオライ
トなどの多孔質の鉱物や、これらに薬品や植物精油を添
着したものなど、臭気物質や空気汚染物質の吸着能力に
優れた吸着剤を用いている。ここでは、たばこの燃焼ガ
スおよび臭いを浄化するために、アニリンを４重量％添
着した椰子殻活性炭170gと、燐酸を30重量％添着した椰
子殻活性炭70gを混合して使用している。なお椰子殻活
性炭の比表面積は約1000m2/g、吸着剤の粒度は６メッシ
ュ〜１２メッシュとした。集塵フィルタは吸着剤層の風
上側に設けるが、ここではエレクトレット加工したポリ
プロピレン製のものを使用している。また、吸着剤空気
清浄装置７の送風機の風量は約2.5m3/分としている。As the adsorbent of the adsorbent air cleaning device 7,
We use adsorbents with excellent adsorption capacity for odorous substances and air pollutants, such as activated carbon, zeolite, silica gel, and porous minerals such as sepiolite, and those in which chemicals and plant essential oils are impregnated. Here, 170 g of coconut shell activated carbon containing 4% by weight of aniline and 70 g of coconut shell activated carbon containing 30% by weight of phosphoric acid are used in combination to purify the combustion gas and odor of tobacco. The specific surface area of the palm shell activated carbon was about 1000 m 2 / g, and the particle size of the adsorbent was 6 to 12 mesh. The dust collecting filter is provided on the windward side of the adsorbent layer, but here, a filter made of electret-processed polypropylene is used. Further, the air volume of the blower of the adsorbent air cleaning device 7 is set to about 2.5 m 3 / min.
【００２１】光触媒空気清浄装置９の光触媒層として
は、酸化チタン・酸化亜鉛・酸化タングステンなどの紫
外線で励起される半導体材料を単独で、あるいは混合し
て用いる。ここでは、アナタ−ゼ型の酸化チタンをセラ
ミック繊維からなるシ−トにコ−ティングしたものを使
用している。また触媒層の面積は、1200cm2としてい
る。一方、この光触媒層と対向する紫外線灯は、半導体
を励起するだけのエネルギーを持つ波長の光りを出すも
のであれば、低圧水銀灯・高圧水銀灯の何れでも良い。
ここでは、消費電力15Ｗの殺菌灯を３本使用している。
また、光触媒空気清浄装置９の送風機の風量は約1.2m3/
分としている。As the photocatalyst layer of the photocatalytic air cleaning device 9, a semiconductor material such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, or tungsten oxide that is excited by ultraviolet rays is used alone or in combination. Here, anatase-type titanium oxide coated on a sheet made of ceramic fiber is used. The area of the catalyst layer is 1200 cm 2 . On the other hand, the ultraviolet lamp facing the photocatalyst layer may be either a low pressure mercury lamp or a high pressure mercury lamp as long as it emits light having a wavelength having energy enough to excite the semiconductor.
Here, three germicidal lamps with power consumption of 15 W are used.
The air volume of the photocatalytic air cleaning device 9 is about 1.2 m 3 /
I have a minute.
【００２２】図２は図１で示した装置を使った実験での
フロ−であり、図３は箱１内のガス濃度の時間変化を示
している。ガス濃度の測定は、ゴム栓６から箱１内の空
気を吸引し、一つはＦＩＤ（flame ionization detecto
r）付きガスクロマトグラフで分析し、検出されたピ−
クの全面積を評価した。もう一つは、ガス検知管を用い
てアンモニア濃度を評価した。本実施例の操作は次のよ
うに行っている。FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an experiment using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows the time variation of the gas concentration in the box 1. The gas concentration is measured by sucking the air in the box 1 from the rubber stopper 6, and one is FID (flame ionization detecto).
r) gas chromatograph, and the detected peak
The total area of the soil was evaluated. The other was to evaluate the ammonia concentration using a gas detector tube. The operation of this embodiment is performed as follows.
【００２３】図１の装置のスイッチ８・１０・１１は全
て切った状態で扉２を開け、箱１内の皿１３の上に着火
したたばこ１３を１本置き、扉２を閉じる。次いでファ
ン４の電源を入れ箱１内の空気を攪拌して、たばこ１３
を燃焼させると共に、中の煙りおよび臭気を均一に分散
させる。たばこ１３が全部燃焼したところで、初期値Ｃ
0を測定する。初期値測定直後に、吸着剤空気清浄装置
７の送風機のスイッチ８を入れる。この場合、吸着剤空
気清浄装置７には新しい吸着剤が入っているものとす
る。その後、５分毎にガス濃度Ｃを測定する。このガス
濃度ＣからC/C0を算出し、ＦＩＤの面積変化を観察する
と時間と共に図３の１４のように減衰した。またアンモ
ニアの濃度は１５のように減衰した。そして、それぞれ
の濃度の変化が少なくなった約２０分後の１６の時点
で、吸着剤空気清浄装置７の送風機のスイッチ８を切っ
て、同時に光触媒空気清浄装置９の紫外線灯のスイッチ
１０を入れる。この状態で１分後に送風機のスイッチ１
１を入れ、そして引き続き５分毎にガス濃度を測定し
た。その結果ＦＩＤの面積変化は時間と共に１７のよう
に減衰し、アンモニアの濃度は１８のように減衰した。
そして、それぞれの濃度が検出限界以下になった時点
で、光触媒空気清浄装置９の紫外線灯のスイッチ１０お
よび送風機のスイッチ１１を切った。その後、箱１の中
の臭いを嗅いだがほとんど悪臭を感じなかった。The door 8 is opened with all the switches 8, 10 and 11 of the apparatus of FIG. 1 turned off, one ignited cigarette 13 is placed on the plate 13 in the box 1, and the door 2 is closed. Then turn on the fan 4 to stir the air in the box 1 and
The smoke and the odor inside are evenly dispersed while being burned. When all the cigarettes 13 have burned, the initial value C
Measure 0 . Immediately after the initial value measurement, the switch 8 of the blower of the adsorbent air cleaning device 7 is turned on. In this case, it is assumed that the adsorbent air cleaning device 7 contains a new adsorbent. Then, the gas concentration C is measured every 5 minutes. When C / C 0 was calculated from this gas concentration C and the change in the area of the FID was observed, it was attenuated with time as shown by 14 in FIG. Further, the concentration of ammonia was attenuated as in 15. Then, at about 16 minutes after about 20 minutes when the changes in the respective concentrations have decreased, the blower switch 8 of the adsorbent air cleaning device 7 is turned off, and at the same time, the ultraviolet lamp switch 10 of the photocatalytic air cleaning device 9 is turned on. . After 1 minute in this state, blower switch 1
1 and then every 5 minutes the gas concentration was measured. As a result, the area change of the FID was attenuated as shown by 17 and the concentration of ammonia was attenuated by 18 as shown in FIG.
Then, when the respective concentrations became below the detection limit, the switch 10 of the ultraviolet lamp and the switch 11 of the blower of the photocatalytic air cleaning device 9 were turned off. After that, I smelled the odor in Box 1, but almost no odor was felt.
【００２４】次に、箱１と同じような１m3の密閉容器の
中に、吸着剤空気清浄装置７と着火したたばこ１０本を
入れ、吸着剤空気清浄装置７を運転して自然燃焼するた
ばこの煙りと臭気を吸着させた。これを３回繰り返し
て、吸着剤に合計たばこ３０本分の煙と臭気を吸着させ
た。さらにこの約２０時間後に、吸着剤に合計たばこ３
０本分の煙と臭気を吸着させた。そしてこの約２０時間
後に、新しい吸着剤のときと同様にたばこ１本の煙りと
臭気の除去実験を行った。吸着剤の使用ではＦＩＤの面
積は時間と共に１９のように減衰し、アンモニアの濃度
は２０のように減衰した。そして、それぞれの濃度の変
化が少なくなった２１の時点で、光触媒に切り替える
と、ＦＩＤの面積は時間と共に２２のように減衰し、ア
ンモニアの濃度は２３のように減衰した。そして、それ
ぞれの濃度が検出限界以下になった時点で、光触媒空気
清浄装置９の紫外線灯のスイッチ１０および送風機のス
イッチ１１を切った。その後、箱１の中の臭いを嗅いだ
がほとんど悪臭を感じなかった。Next, the adsorbent air cleaning device 7 and 10 ignited cigarettes are placed in a 1 m 3 closed container similar to the box 1, and the adsorbent air cleaning device 7 is operated to spontaneously burn tobacco. It has absorbed the smoke and odor. This operation was repeated 3 times to allow the adsorbent to adsorb the smoke and odor of 30 cigarettes in total. About 20 hours later, the total amount of tobacco used in the adsorbent was 3
Zero smoke and odors were absorbed. Then, about 20 hours later, the smoke and odor removal experiment of one cigarette was conducted as in the case of the new adsorbent. With the use of the adsorbent, the area of the FID decreased with time as a value of 19, and the concentration of ammonia decreased as a value of 20. Then, when the photocatalyst was switched to at 21 when the change of each concentration became small, the area of the FID was attenuated as 22 with time, and the concentration of ammonia was attenuated as 23. Then, when the respective concentrations became below the detection limit, the switch 10 of the ultraviolet lamp and the switch 11 of the blower of the photocatalytic air cleaning device 9 were turned off. After that, I smelled the odor in Box 1, but almost no odor was felt.
【００２５】このように本実施例は、濃度の高い臭気ガ
スを吸着剤を使用してすばやく吸着し、残ったガスを光
触媒作用で分解し無臭にする空気浄化方法として、高性
能で、脱臭速度の速い方法とすることができるものであ
る。この場合、吸着剤はガス濃度が高い方が吸着速度が
早く、吸着容量も大きく、また光触媒にとって寿命を短
くするミストや、高沸点物質を吸着する。また光触媒
は、ガス濃度が低い方が寿命が長く、分解速度（減衰
率）は濃度にほとんど関係なく、また吸着剤にみられる
脱着の心配がない。したがって吸着剤・光触媒共に長寿
命にできるものである。As described above, the present embodiment is an air purification method for quickly adsorbing a high-concentration odorous gas using an adsorbent and decomposing the remaining gas by photocatalysis to make it odorless. That's what can be a fast way. In this case, the higher the gas concentration of the adsorbent, the faster the adsorption rate, the larger the adsorption capacity, and the more the mist that shortens the life of the photocatalyst and the higher boiling point substance are adsorbed. Further, the photocatalyst has a long life when the gas concentration is low, the decomposition rate (attenuation rate) is almost independent of the concentration, and there is no fear of desorption observed in the adsorbent. Therefore, both the adsorbent and the photocatalyst can have a long life.
【００２６】（実施例２）図４〜図７を参照しながら本
発明の第２の手段を用いた実施例を説明する。図４にお
いて、３１は空気吸い込み口、３２は空気吹き出し口、
３３は集塵フィルタである。集塵フィルタ３３はメルト
ブロ−ン製法で作られた直径が２〜３μｍの極細で、か
つエレクトレット化されたポリプロピレン繊維の不織布
であり、かつフィルタ面積を広げ圧損を抑えるために折
り込み加工されたものである。３４〜３９は吸着剤層、
４０〜４５は光触媒層、４６〜４８は紫外線灯、４９〜
５４は臭気ガスを含む空気を吸着剤層と光触媒層に切り
換えて導く流路切替手段、５５は空気中のガス濃度を検
知するガスセンサ、５６はモ−タ、５７はファン、５８
は空気の流路、５９は空気清浄装置のボディである。(Embodiment 2) An embodiment using the second means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 4, 31 is an air inlet, 32 is an air outlet,
33 is a dust collecting filter. The dust collecting filter 33 is a non-woven polypropylene fiber which is made of melt blown and has a diameter of 2 to 3 μm and which is electretized, and has been folded in order to expand the filter area and suppress pressure loss. is there. 34 to 39 are adsorbent layers,
40 to 45 are photocatalytic layers, 46 to 48 are ultraviolet lamps, 49 to
54 is a flow path switching means for switching the air containing odorous gas to the adsorbent layer and the photocatalyst layer and guiding it, 55 is a gas sensor for detecting the gas concentration in the air, 56 is a motor, 57 is a fan, 58
Is an air flow path, and 59 is a body of the air cleaning device.
【００２７】吸着剤層３４〜３９の吸着剤としては、実
施例１と同様アニリンを４重量％添着した椰子殻活性炭
170gと、燐酸を３０重量％添着した椰子殻活性炭70gを
混合して使用した。また、吸着剤の粒度は６メッシュ〜
１２メッシュとした。光触媒層４０〜４５も実施例１と
同様、アナタ−ゼ型の酸化チタンをセラミック繊維から
なるシ−トにコ−ティングしたものを使用した。また、
触媒層は空気との接触を良くするために波型にし、その
全面積は1200cm2とした。一方、この光触媒層４０〜４
５と対向する紫外線灯４６〜４８は、消費電力15Ｗの殺
菌灯を使用している。また、空気が吸着剤層３４〜３９
を通過するときのファンの風量は、約2.5m3/分、光触媒
層４０〜４５を通過するときのファンの風量は約1.2m3
/分となるような制御を行った。ガスセンサ５５として
は、半導体式・接触燃焼式・脂質二分子膜式があり、半
導体式にも酸化錫・酸化インジュウム・酸化亜鉛系のも
のがあるが、ここでは酸化錫系の半導体ガスセンサを用
いた。As the adsorbent of the adsorbent layers 34 to 39, as in Example 1, 4% by weight of aniline was admixed with coconut shell activated carbon.
170 g and 70 g of palm shell activated carbon impregnated with 30% by weight of phosphoric acid were mixed and used. The particle size of the adsorbent is 6 mesh
It was 12 mesh. As the photocatalyst layers 40 to 45, as in the case of Example 1, those in which anatase type titanium oxide was coated on a sheet made of ceramic fiber were used. Also,
The catalyst layer was corrugated to improve the contact with air, and its total area was 1200 cm 2 . On the other hand, the photocatalyst layers 40-4
The ultraviolet lamps 46 to 48 facing 5 are sterilizing lamps with a power consumption of 15W. Further, the air is adsorbent layers 34 to 39.
The air volume of the fan when passing through the photocatalyst layer is about 2.5 m 3 / min, and the air volume of the fan when passing through the photocatalytic layers 40 to 45 is about 1.2 m 3
The control was done so that it would be / minute. As the gas sensor 55, there are a semiconductor type, a catalytic combustion type, a lipid bilayer membrane type, and a semiconductor type also has a tin oxide / indium oxide / zinc oxide type. Here, a tin oxide type semiconductor gas sensor was used. .
【００２８】次に図５〜図７を参照しながら、本実施例
の空気清浄装置の動作を説明する。先ず本実施例の空気
清浄装置を実施例１で使用した図１の箱１の中に入れ
た。そしてたばこ１本を燃やして箱１内に入れて、実施
例１と同様の実験を行った。この時、流路切替手段４９
〜５４は、図４のように光触媒層４０〜４５側の流路を
閉じた状態としている。図６はこの実験を行った時のガ
スセンサ５５の出力の変化を示し、図７はＦＩＤ検出器
のピ−クの全面積の時間変化を示している。Next, the operation of the air cleaning apparatus of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the air cleaning apparatus of this example was placed in the box 1 of FIG. 1 used in Example 1. Then, one cigarette was burned and placed in the box 1, and the same experiment as in Example 1 was conducted. At this time, the flow path switching means 49
4 to 54, the flow paths on the photocatalyst layers 40 to 45 side are closed as shown in FIG. FIG. 6 shows a change in the output of the gas sensor 55 when this experiment is performed, and FIG. 7 shows a time change in the total area of the peak of the FID detector.
【００２９】この実験の操作は次のように行った。たば
こが全部燃焼したところで初期値を測定する。初期値測
定直後に空気清浄装置の電源を投入する。このときは、
箱１内には大量のガスが発生しているので、ガスセンサ
５５の出力は大きいものである。またこのときは、流路
切替手段４９〜５４を光触媒層４０〜５４側の流路を閉
じる方向に制御しており、この状態でファン５７・モ−
タ５６が運転されるため、汚れた空気はＡ方向に吸引さ
れる。これによって、たばこの煙とガスなどは空気吸い
込み口３１から吸われ、煙やミストは集塵フィルタ３３
で除かれる。またガスは、吸着剤層３４〜３９で急速に
吸着され、空気の流路５８を経て空気吹き出し口３２よ
り出ていく。この時ガスセンサ５５の出力は、図６の６
０に示している曲線で、ＦＩＤのピ−クの全面積は図７
の６２のような曲線で急速に減衰する。The operation of this experiment was performed as follows. The initial value is measured when all the tobacco has burned. Immediately after measuring the initial value, turn on the power of the air purifier. At this time,
Since a large amount of gas is generated in the box 1, the output of the gas sensor 55 is large. At this time, the flow path switching means 49 to 54 are controlled so as to close the flow paths on the photocatalyst layers 40 to 54 side.
Since the motor 56 is operated, the dirty air is sucked in the A direction. As a result, cigarette smoke and gas are sucked through the air suction port 31, and smoke and mist are collected by the dust collecting filter 33.
Excluded by. Further, the gas is rapidly adsorbed by the adsorbent layers 34 to 39, and flows out of the air outlet 32 through the air passage 58. At this time, the output of the gas sensor 55 is 6 in FIG.
The total area of the FID peak is shown in FIG.
The curve like 62 in FIG.
【００３０】こうして、吸着剤層３４〜３９の吸着能力
が限界に達すると、曲線６０・６２の減衰は緩やかにな
ってくる。この減衰速度の大きさをマイコンなどの制御
回路が判断して、予め設定した速度よりもまだ十分に大
きい時には引き続きＡ方向に吸引する。また速度が小さ
くなったと判断できる場合には、まず紫外線灯４６〜４
８を点灯し、その後、流路切替手段４９〜５４の制御方
向を４９ａ〜５４ａの状態とする。つまり、吸着剤層３
４〜３９側の流路を閉じて空気をＢ方向の光触媒層４０
〜４５側へ吸引するものである。この時、光触媒層４０
〜４５は紫外線灯４６〜４８により励起され活性化され
ている。従って、光触媒層４０〜４５に触れた残りのガ
スは、酸化分解されて、空気の流路５８を経て空気吹き
出し口３２より出ていく。この時ガスセンサ５５の出力
は、図６の６１に示すように減衰し、またＦＩＤのピ−
クの全面積は図７の６３に示すようにほぼ直線に近い減
衰を示す。ここで本実施例では、予め臭気をほぼ感じな
くなるガスセンサの出力を求めておいて、これに近い微
弱な出力になったところでタイマを作動させて一定時間
後にファンを停止させて、空気が入ってこなくなった時
点で最後に紫外線灯４６〜４８を停止させるようにして
いる。Thus, when the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent layers 34 to 39 reaches the limit, the attenuation of the curves 60 and 62 becomes gentle. A control circuit such as a microcomputer judges the magnitude of this damping speed, and when it is still sufficiently higher than a preset speed, suction is continued in the A direction. If it can be determined that the speed has decreased, first the ultraviolet lamps 46-4
8 is turned on, and then the control directions of the flow path switching means 49 to 54 are set to the states of 49a to 54a. That is, the adsorbent layer 3
The photocatalyst layer 40 in the B direction is closed by closing the channels on the 4-39 side.
It sucks to the ~ 45 side. At this time, the photocatalyst layer 40
˜45 are excited and activated by ultraviolet lamps 46 to 48. Therefore, the remaining gas that has come into contact with the photocatalyst layers 40 to 45 is oxidatively decomposed and flows out of the air outlet 32 through the air passage 58. At this time, the output of the gas sensor 55 is attenuated as shown by 61 in FIG.
The total area of the squares shows a nearly linear attenuation, as shown at 63 in FIG. Here, in the present embodiment, the output of the gas sensor at which almost no odor is perceived is obtained in advance, and when the output is weak, the timer is activated and the fan is stopped after a certain period of time to allow air to enter. The ultraviolet lamps 46 to 48 are finally stopped when they disappear.
【００３１】また図７の６４〜６９は、使用し続けた本
実施例の空気清浄装置を、上記説明と同様に図１の箱１
の中に入れ、同時にたばこ１本を燃やして箱１内に入
れ、実験を行った時のＦＩＤピ−クの全面積の変化を示
しているものである。６４・６５は、約1000時間運転後
（１日６時間として半年使用相当）、また６６・６７は
約2000時間運転後（１年使用相当）、６８・６９は約40
00時間運転後（２年使用相当）の減衰曲線を示してい
る。また７０・７１・７２は吸着剤層から光触媒層へ切
り替えた時点を示している。Reference numerals 64 to 69 in FIG. 7 indicate the air purifying apparatus of this embodiment which has been continuously used, and the box 1 in FIG.
The figure shows the change in the total area of the FID peak when an experiment was conducted by putting one cigarette in the box 1 and burning one cigarette in the box 1 at the same time. 64.65 is about 1000 hours after operation (6 hours a day is equivalent to half a year use), 66.67 is about 2000 hours after operation (equivalent to 1 year use), 68.69 is about 40 hours.
The decay curve after running for 00 hours (equivalent to 2 years of use) is shown. Further, 70, 71 and 72 indicate the time points when the adsorbent layer is switched to the photocatalyst layer.
【００３２】このように本実施例によれば、吸着剤・光
触媒・ガスセンサを使用することによって、自動的によ
り早く臭いを感じなくすることができる。また、使用を
続けると、吸着剤の能力は低下し、紫外線灯の出力も徐
々に劣化するが、お互いに欠点を補い合うことができる
ため、浄化速度は遅くなるものの、長年に渡ってほとん
ど臭いを感じなくなるまで使用することができる。As described above, according to this embodiment, by using the adsorbent, the photocatalyst and the gas sensor, it is possible to automatically and quickly eliminate the odor. In addition, with continued use, the capacity of the adsorbent decreases, and the output of the ultraviolet lamp gradually deteriorates, but since they can compensate for each other's drawbacks, the purification speed will be slow, but almost no odor will develop over the years. You can use it until you feel it.
【００３３】（実施例３）次に、図８を参照しながら本
発明の第３の手段を用いた実施例を説明する。本実施例
の空気清浄装置の構成は図４に示すものと同様である。
臭気ガスが発生すると、ガスセンサ５５は臭気の検出を
開始する。また流路切替手段４９〜５４は、光触媒層４
０〜４５側の流路を閉じるように制御されている。この
状態で、ファン５７・モ−タ５６を運転して、汚れた空
気をＡ方向に吸引する。次に本実施例においては、ガス
センサ５５の初期出力の大きさに比例した時間後に、す
なわち最初のガスセンサの最大出力から、吸着剤の能
力、光触媒の能力をマイコンなどで推定して、切り替え
タイマ８０を作動させるようにしている。この切り替え
タイマ８０が所定時間を計時し終わった時点で紫外線灯
４６〜４８を点灯させ、同時に流路切替手段４９〜５４
を制御して、光触媒層４０〜４５へ切り替えるようにし
ている。更に所定時間が経過した段階で、ファン５７の
運転を停止し、次いで紫外線灯４６〜４８を消灯する。(Embodiment 3) Next, an embodiment using the third means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The structure of the air cleaning device of this embodiment is the same as that shown in FIG.
When the odorous gas is generated, the gas sensor 55 starts detecting the odor. Further, the flow path switching means 49 to 54 are provided in the photocatalyst layer 4
It is controlled to close the channels on the side of 0 to 45. In this state, the fan 57 and the motor 56 are operated to suck the dirty air in the A direction. Next, in the present embodiment, after a time proportional to the magnitude of the initial output of the gas sensor 55, that is, from the maximum output of the first gas sensor, the adsorbent capacity and the photocatalyst capacity are estimated by a microcomputer and the switching timer 80. Is working. When the switching timer 80 finishes measuring a predetermined time, the ultraviolet lamps 46 to 48 are turned on, and at the same time, the flow path switching means 49 to 54.
Is controlled to switch to the photocatalyst layers 40 to 45. When the predetermined time has passed, the operation of the fan 57 is stopped, and then the ultraviolet lamps 46 to 48 are turned off.
【００３４】[0034]
【発明の効果】本発明の第一の手段は、吸着剤層で濃度
の高い臭気ガスをすばやく吸着し、残ったガスを光触媒
作用で分解する構成として、臭気ガスの再放出なしに無
臭にするため、脱臭速度が早く、高性能で、吸着剤・光
触媒共に長寿命にできる空気浄化方法を提供できるもの
である。The first means of the present invention has a constitution in which an odorous gas having a high concentration is quickly adsorbed in the adsorbent layer and the remaining gas is decomposed by a photocatalytic action to eliminate odorous gas without re-emission. Therefore, it is possible to provide an air purification method that has a high deodorization rate, high performance, and a long life for both the adsorbent and the photocatalyst.
【００３５】本発明の第二の手段によれば、ガスセンサ
の検知により、吸着剤層から光触媒層に切り替えること
により、脱臭性能が高く、耐久寿命の長い空気清浄装置
を提供するものである。According to the second means of the present invention, an air purifying device having a high deodorizing performance and a long durability life is provided by switching from the adsorbent layer to the photocatalyst layer by the detection of the gas sensor.
【００３６】また本発明の第三の手段によれば、初期の
ガスセンサの出力に応じて、ガス濃度の変化が小さくな
る時間を予測して、切り替えタイマにより流路を切り換
えて自動的に効率良く脱臭できる空気清浄装置を提供で
きるものである。According to the third means of the present invention, the time when the change in the gas concentration becomes small is predicted according to the output of the initial gas sensor, and the switching timer switches the flow path to automatically and efficiently. It is possible to provide an air cleaning device capable of deodorizing.
【図１】本発明の第一の手段の実施例である実験装置の
断面図FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an experimental apparatus which is an embodiment of the first means of the present invention.
【図２】同実験の手順を示すフロ−を示す図FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the procedure of the same experiment.
【図３】同ガス濃度の変化を示す図FIG. 3 is a diagram showing changes in the gas concentration.
【図４】本発明の第二の手段の実施例である空気清浄装
置の縦断面図FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an air cleaning device that is an embodiment of the second means of the present invention.
【図５】同空気清浄装置の動作手順を示すフローを示す
図FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a flow showing an operation procedure of the air cleaning device.
【図６】同ガスセンサの出力の変化を示す図FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a change in output of the gas sensor.
【図７】同ＦＩＤ検出器のピ−ク全面積の変化を示す図FIG. 7 is a diagram showing changes in the total peak area of the FID detector.
【図８】本発明の第三の手段の実施例である空気清浄装
置の動作手順のフローを示す図FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a flow of an operation procedure of the air purifying apparatus which is an embodiment of the third means of the present invention.
７ 吸着剤空気清浄装置 ９ 光触媒空気清浄装置 ３３ 集塵フィルタ ３４〜３９ 吸着剤層 ４０〜４５ 光触媒層 ４６〜４８ 紫外線灯 ４９〜５４ 流路切替手段 ５５ ガスセンサ 7 Adsorbent air purifier 9 Photocatalyst air purifier 33 Dust collection filter 34-39 Adsorbent layer 40-45 Photocatalyst layer 46-48 Ultraviolet lamp 49-54 Flow path switching means 55 Gas sensor
Claims (3)
せて浄化するとともに、吸着剤層による浄化により臭気
ガス濃度の減衰が緩やかになった時点で、次に前記空気
を紫外線によって励起した光触媒層に通過させて浄化す
る空気浄化方法。1. When air containing odorous gas is passed through an adsorbent layer for purification, and when the odorous gas concentration is gradually attenuated by the purification by the adsorbent layer, the air is then excited by ultraviolet rays. An air purification method that passes through the photocatalyst layer for purification.
と、臭気ガスを含む空気を通過させる吸着剤層および光
触媒層と、ガスセンサによる臭気ガスの検知により、臭
気ガスを含む空気を吸着剤層と光触媒層に切り換えて導
く流路切替手段とを有する空気清浄装置。2. A gas sensor for detecting a gas concentration in air, an adsorbent layer and a photocatalyst layer for passing air containing odorous gas, and an air containing odorous gas as an adsorbent layer by detecting odorous gas by the gas sensor. An air cleaning device having a flow path switching means for switching and guiding to the photocatalyst layer.
と、臭気ガスを含む空気を通過させる吸着剤層および光
触媒層と、ガスセンサによる臭気ガスの検知により、臭
気ガスを含む空気を吸着剤層と光触媒層に切り換えて導
く流路切替手段と、前記ガスセンサの初期出力の大きさ
に比例した時間後に前記流路切替手段の切り替えをする
切り替えタイマとを有する空気清浄装置。3. A gas sensor for detecting the gas concentration in the air, an adsorbent layer and a photocatalyst layer for passing air containing odorous gas, and an air containing odorous gas as an adsorbent layer by detecting odorous gas by the gas sensor. An air cleaning device having a flow path switching means for switching and guiding to the photocatalyst layer and a switching timer for switching the flow path switching means after a time proportional to the magnitude of the initial output of the gas sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18647192A JP3254739B2 (en) | 1992-07-14 | 1992-07-14 | Air purification method and air purification device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18647192A JP3254739B2 (en) | 1992-07-14 | 1992-07-14 | Air purification method and air purification device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0631133A true JPH0631133A (en) | 1994-02-08 |
| JP3254739B2 JP3254739B2 (en) | 2002-02-12 |
Family
ID=16189059
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18647192A Expired - Fee Related JP3254739B2 (en) | 1992-07-14 | 1992-07-14 | Air purification method and air purification device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3254739B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020084932A (en) * | 2001-05-03 | 2002-11-16 | 주식회사 엔피아 | Air pollution control system through concentration |
| EP1509299A4 (en) * | 2002-05-16 | 2006-06-07 | Spry Associates Pty Ltd | Method and device for cleaning air |
| JP2007125466A (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-24 | Shiko Actec Kk | Deodorizing filter for exhausting gas in kitchen, deodorizing device for exhausting gas in kitchen and its manufacturing method |
| JP2010017713A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2010-01-28 | Fujitsu Microelectronics Ltd | Fluid cleaning apparatus |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5168988A (en) * | 1974-12-13 | 1976-06-15 | Hitachi Ltd | |
| JPS63315138A (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1988-12-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Air cleaning apparatus |
| JPH02207824A (en) * | 1989-02-08 | 1990-08-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Air purifier |
-
1992
- 1992-07-14 JP JP18647192A patent/JP3254739B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5168988A (en) * | 1974-12-13 | 1976-06-15 | Hitachi Ltd | |
| JPS63315138A (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1988-12-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Air cleaning apparatus |
| JPH02207824A (en) * | 1989-02-08 | 1990-08-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Air purifier |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020084932A (en) * | 2001-05-03 | 2002-11-16 | 주식회사 엔피아 | Air pollution control system through concentration |
| EP1509299A4 (en) * | 2002-05-16 | 2006-06-07 | Spry Associates Pty Ltd | Method and device for cleaning air |
| JP2007125466A (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-24 | Shiko Actec Kk | Deodorizing filter for exhausting gas in kitchen, deodorizing device for exhausting gas in kitchen and its manufacturing method |
| JP2010017713A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2010-01-28 | Fujitsu Microelectronics Ltd | Fluid cleaning apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3254739B2 (en) | 2002-02-12 |
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