JPH06307734A - Absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an absorber which is constituted to uniformize an amount of a solution flowing in each heat transfer pipe, and improve absorption efficiency. CONSTITUTION:In an absorber provided at an upper and a lower part with longitudinally horizontal headers 1 and 2 and with a plurality of vertical heat transfer pipes 3 arranged between the two headers, an absorbing solution distribution pipe 4 is arranged in the upper header 1. Orifices 6 to feed a solution to the respective heat transfer pipes 3 in the same or twice the number of vertical heat transfer pipes are arranged in the vicinity of the respective heat transfer pipes 3. Further, partitions 5 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the upper header 1 on both sides of the heat transfer pipe so that solutions to the heat transfer pipes 3 are prevented from mixture.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、吸収冷温水機に用いる
吸収器に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorber used in an absorption chiller-heater.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】通常、吸収器の伝熱管上部の溶液入口に
は、伝熱管周囲に均等に溶液が流れ、伝熱管内面が溶液
で濡れるように、流入器が装備されている。流入器は例
えば、金網で作成され、図４に示すようにとりつける。
溶液が表面張力で上部まで登り、管内にも表面張力で下
まで行くとともに、重力が表面張力に打ち勝って管内に
溶液が流れ込む。しかし、従来技術では、図５に示され
るように、吸収器ヘッダーへの溶液入口が１箇所であ
り、溶液入口が１箇所であると、ヘッダー長手方向への
溶液の流れの影響がでて、入口に近い方の伝熱管に多く
流れたりして、各伝熱管への流入量にアンバランスがで
きる。2. Description of the Related Art Usually, an inlet is provided at a solution inlet at an upper part of a heat transfer tube of an absorber so that the solution flows evenly around the heat transfer tube and the inner surface of the heat transfer tube is wet with the solution. The inflow device is made of, for example, a wire mesh and attached as shown in FIG.
The solution ascends to the upper part due to the surface tension and also goes to the lower part in the tube due to the surface tension, and the gravity overcomes the surface tension and the solution flows into the tube. However, in the prior art, as shown in FIG. 5, there is one solution inlet to the absorber header, and if there is one solution inlet, the flow of the solution in the header longitudinal direction has an effect, A large amount of heat flows into the heat transfer tubes closer to the inlet, making it possible to unbalance the amount of inflow into each heat transfer tube.

【０００３】このような、アンバランスを解決するため
に、伝熱管を複数のブロックに分割する隔壁を設け、各
ブロックに吸収液を分配供給する方式が、特開昭６２−
２５２８６９号公報に記載されている。この方式によっ
ても、一つの囲いの中には、複数本の伝熱管が入ってい
るため、流入器の寸法及び取付法が均一でない限り、ど
うしても流入器にアンバランスがでるし、また、吸収液
の分配を滴下ダクトで行っているとこからも流入量にア
ンバランスが生ずる。In order to solve such an imbalance, there is a system in which a partition wall for dividing the heat transfer tube into a plurality of blocks is provided and the absorbing liquid is distributed and supplied to each block.
It is described in Japanese Patent No. 252869. Even with this method, since multiple heat transfer tubes are contained in one enclosure, unless the size and mounting method of the inflow device are uniform, the imbalance will inevitably occur in the inflow device and the absorption liquid Since the distribution of the above is done by the drip duct, an imbalance occurs in the inflow amount.

【０００４】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記従来技
術の問題点を解消し、伝熱管に流れる吸収液を均等分配
することのできる吸収器を提供することを課題とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above problems of the prior art and to provide an absorber capable of evenly distributing the absorbing liquid flowing in the heat transfer tube.

【０００５】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に、本発明では、上部及び下部に、長手方向で水平なヘ
ッダーを有し、両ヘッダー間に複数本の垂直伝熱管を有
する吸収器において、前記上部ヘッダー内に吸収溶液分
配管を設け、該溶液分配管には、各伝熱管に溶液供給を
行うための垂直伝熱管の本数と同数又は２倍程度のオリ
フィスを、各伝熱管の近傍に設け、また、上部ヘッダー
長手方向で、各伝熱管への溶液が混合しないように、伝
熱管の両側に仕切りを設けることとしたものである。上
記吸収器において、上部ヘッダー長手方向の仕切りは、
上部ヘッダー底部に凹みを設け、この凹みを仕切りとす
るのがよい。また、伝熱管には従来から知られている金
網等で作成される流入器を利用してもよい。In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, an absorber having horizontal headers in the longitudinal direction at the upper and lower portions and a plurality of vertical heat transfer tubes between the headers is provided. In the upper header, an absorption solution distribution pipe is provided, and the solution distribution pipe is provided with orifices of the same number or about twice the number of vertical heat transfer tubes for supplying the solution to each heat transfer tube. It is provided in the vicinity, and partitions are provided on both sides of the heat transfer tube so that the solution to each heat transfer tube is not mixed in the longitudinal direction of the upper header. In the above absorber, the partition in the upper header longitudinal direction is
It is preferable to provide a recess in the bottom of the upper header and use this recess as a partition. Further, as the heat transfer tube, an inflower made of a conventionally known wire mesh or the like may be used.

【０００６】[0006]

【作用】本発明によれば、各伝熱管の周囲に仕切りを設
け、即ち、伝熱管を一列に並べると、ヘッダー長手方向
で伝熱管の両側に仕切りを設け、囲い内には伝熱管を一
本として、この仕切りで囲われた部分の溶液は、その中
の垂直管に流入するようにして、流れの影響をなくして
いる。従って、各伝熱管の囲い内に、溶液を均等分配す
れば、各伝熱管に均等流量が流れることになる。According to the present invention, a partition is provided around each heat transfer tube, that is, when the heat transfer tubes are arranged in a line, partitions are provided on both sides of the heat transfer tube in the longitudinal direction of the header, and one heat transfer tube is provided in the enclosure. As a book, the solution in the part surrounded by this partition is made to flow into the vertical tube therein, thereby eliminating the influence of the flow. Therefore, if the solution is evenly distributed in the enclosure of each heat transfer tube, a uniform flow rate flows through each heat transfer tube.

【０００７】[0007]

【実施例】以下、本発明を実施例を用いて具体的に説明
するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。 実施例１ 図１に、本発明の吸収器の正面断面図を示し、図２に図
１の上部の側面図を示す。図３は図１の上部の部分拡大
図である。EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1 FIG. 1 shows a front sectional view of an absorber of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a side view of the upper portion of FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the upper portion of FIG.

【０００８】図１において、上部ヘッダー１と下部ヘッ
ダー２の間に複数本の伝熱管３が配備されており、伝熱
管３には全長にわたって空冷フィン７が設けられてい
る。そして、上部ヘッダー１中にはオリフィス６を有す
る分配管４が配されており、上部ヘッダー１の底板には
各伝熱管毎に仕切るための仕切り５が設けられている。
オリフィス６は、各伝熱管３に対応して、図２に示され
るように横向に開口している。ヘッダーの断面は、ここ
では矩形であるが円形でもよい。また、仕切り５は上部
ヘッダー１の底板に凹みをつけて、図３に示されるよう
に成形して設けるのが容易であり、この方法が量産化に
向く。ここで、８は伝熱管３に取付けた流入器である。In FIG. 1, a plurality of heat transfer tubes 3 are provided between an upper header 1 and a lower header 2, and the heat transfer tubes 3 are provided with air cooling fins 7 over the entire length. A distribution pipe 4 having an orifice 6 is arranged in the upper header 1, and a partition plate 5 for partitioning each heat transfer tube is provided on the bottom plate of the upper header 1.
The orifice 6 is opened laterally corresponding to each heat transfer tube 3 as shown in FIG. The cross section of the header is rectangular here, but may be circular. Further, it is easy to form the partition 5 by forming a recess in the bottom plate of the upper header 1 and forming it as shown in FIG. 3, and this method is suitable for mass production. Here, 8 is an inflow device attached to the heat transfer tube 3.

【０００９】図１の吸収器において、冷媒蒸気は１０か
ら上部ヘッダー１に流入され、濃溶液が９から分配管４
に導入されて、伝熱管３毎に設けられたオリフィス６か
ら各伝熱管３の仕切り５内に噴出して、伝熱管を流下
し、その間に冷媒を吸収して希溶液となって下部ヘッダ
ー２から希溶液１１として排出される。上記において、
分配管４には、溶液を均等分配するために溶液を充満し
て流しオリフィスから溶液を噴出させる。分配管内の溶
液流動による圧力損失に対し、オリフィス噴出圧（分配
管内圧力と分配管外側の圧力の差）を大きくすることに
より、オリフィス口径が全て同一であっても、噴出量を
ほぼ一定とし、均等分配に近づけることができる。In the absorber of FIG. 1, the refrigerant vapor is introduced into the upper header 1 from 10 and the concentrated solution is introduced from 9 to the distribution pipe 4.
Is introduced into the partition 5 of each heat transfer tube 3 from an orifice 6 provided for each heat transfer tube 3 to flow down the heat transfer tube, while absorbing the refrigerant to form a dilute solution to form a lower header 2 Is discharged as a dilute solution 11. In the above,
The distribution pipe 4 is filled with the solution in order to evenly distribute the solution, and the solution is jetted from the orifice. By increasing the orifice ejection pressure (difference between the pressure inside the distribution pipe and the pressure outside the distribution pipe) against the pressure loss due to the solution flow in the distribution pipe, the ejection amount can be made almost constant even if the orifice diameters are all the same. It can approach even distribution.

【００１０】たとえば、分配管外側の圧力を一定とし、
分配管入口部に最も近いオリフィス部の噴出圧力をＰ
１、最終端オリフィス部の噴出圧力をＰ２とする。分配
管内圧力損失をΔＰｄ＝Ｐ１−Ｐ２とし、オリフィス口
径を全ての伝熱管に対して同じとすると、 最大流量／最少流量＝ＳＱＲ（Ｐ１／Ｐ２）＝ＳＱＲ
（Ｐ１／（Ｐ１−ΔＰｄ）） ΔＰｄ／Ｐ１≦０．１ 程度とすると、 最大流量／最少流量≦１．０５４ となり、設計上、ほぼ均等となる。For example, if the pressure outside the distribution pipe is constant,
Set the ejection pressure of the orifice closest to the distribution pipe inlet to P
1, the ejection pressure at the final end orifice is P2. If the pressure loss in the distribution pipe is ΔPd = P1-P2 and the orifice diameter is the same for all heat transfer tubes, then maximum flow rate / minimum flow rate = SQR (P1 / P2) = SQR
(P1 / (P1−ΔPd)) If ΔPd / P1 ≦ 0.1, then the maximum flow rate / minimum flow rate ≦ 1.054, which is almost equal in design.

【００１１】オリフィス口径を流れ方向に、徐々に大き
くし、圧力損失を相殺させることもできるが、高価にな
る。これよりは、分配管を太くして、たとえば直径で約
１．４倍、流速で約半分とすれば、前述のΔＰｄは、約
１／４となり、 最大流量／最少流量≦１．０１３ となる。本発明は、オリフィス部で、分配管内流動圧損
よりも大きな差圧をつけ、溶液を噴流として流出させ、
均等分配を図っている。実際の噴出圧力は、溶液液柱で
表現して、定格点で、２５〜１００mm程度である。Although it is possible to offset the pressure loss by gradually increasing the orifice diameter in the flow direction, it becomes expensive. If the distribution pipe is thicker than this, for example, the diameter is about 1.4 times and the flow velocity is about half, then the above-mentioned ΔPd is about ¼, and the maximum flow rate / minimum flow rate ≦ 1.013. . The present invention applies a pressure difference larger than the flow pressure loss in the distribution pipe at the orifice portion to let the solution flow out as a jet flow,
We are trying to evenly distribute. The actual ejection pressure is expressed as a solution liquid column and is about 25 to 100 mm at the rated point.

【００１２】[0012]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、伝熱管毎に上部ヘッダ
ーに仕切りを設けてあり、この仕切り内に、分配管のオ
リフィスから溶液を均等分配することにより、伝熱管へ
の溶液の流入量を均等にでき、非常に吸収効率のよい高
性能な吸収器が得られた。According to the present invention, a partition is provided in the upper header for each heat transfer tube, and the solution is evenly distributed from the orifice of the distribution pipe into the partition so that the amount of the solution flowing into the heat transfer tube is increased. It was possible to obtain a high-performance absorber with extremely good absorption efficiency.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明の吸収器の正面断面図。FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of an absorber of the present invention.

【図２】図１の上部の側面断面図。FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the upper portion of FIG.

【図３】図１の上部の部分拡大図。FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the upper portion of FIG.

【図４】従来の伝熱管に取付けた流入器の拡大図。FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of an inflow unit attached to a conventional heat transfer tube.

【図５】従来の吸収器の正面断面図。FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of a conventional absorber.

【図６】 １：上部ヘッダー、２：下部ヘッダー、３：伝熱管、
４：分配管、５：仕切り、６：オリフィス、７：空冷フ
ィン、８：流入器、９：濃溶液、１０：冷媒蒸気、１
１：希溶液[FIG. 6] 1: Upper header, 2: Lower header, 3: Heat transfer tube,
4: distribution pipe, 5: partition, 6: orifice, 7: air-cooled fin, 8: inflow device, 9: concentrated solution, 10: refrigerant vapor, 1
1: dilute solution

【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]

【提出日】平成５年１０月１３日[Submission date] October 13, 1993

【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]

【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement

【補正対象項目名】図面の簡単な説明[Name of item to be corrected] Brief description of the drawing

【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change

【補正内容】[Correction content]

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明の吸収器の正面断面図。FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of an absorber of the present invention.

【図２】図１の上部の側面断面図。FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the upper portion of FIG.

【図３】図１の上部の部分拡大図。FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the upper portion of FIG.

【図４】従来の伝熱管に取付けた流入器の拡大図。FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of an inflow unit attached to a conventional heat transfer tube.

【図５】従来の吸収器の正面断面図。FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of a conventional absorber.

【符号の説明】 １：上部ヘッダー、２：下部ヘッダー、３：伝熱管、
４：分配管、５：仕切り、６：オリフィス、７：空冷フ
ィン、８：流入器、９：濃溶液、１０：冷媒蒸気、１
１：希溶液[Explanation of symbols] 1: Upper header, 2: Lower header, 3: Heat transfer tube,
4: distribution pipe, 5: partition, 6: orifice, 7: air-cooled fin, 8: inflow device, 9: concentrated solution, 10: refrigerant vapor, 1
1: dilute solution

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 上部及び下部に、長手方向で水平なヘッ
ダーを有し、両ヘッダー間に複数本の垂直伝熱管を有す
る吸収器において、前記上部ヘッダー内に吸収溶液分配
管を設け、該溶液分配管には、各伝熱管に溶液供給を行
うための垂直伝熱管の本数と同数又は２倍程度のオリフ
ィスを、各伝熱管の近傍に設け、また、上部ヘッダー長
手方向で、各伝熱管への溶液が混合しないように、伝熱
管の両側に仕切りを設けたことを特徴とする吸収器。1. An absorber having horizontal headers in the upper and lower portions in the longitudinal direction and a plurality of vertical heat transfer tubes between the headers, wherein an absorbing solution distribution pipe is provided in the upper header, The distribution pipes are provided with the same number or twice as many orifices as vertical heat transfer tubes for supplying the solution to each heat transfer tube in the vicinity of each heat transfer tube, and in the longitudinal direction of the upper header to each heat transfer tube. An absorber characterized in that partitions are provided on both sides of the heat transfer tube so that the solution of (1) does not mix. 【請求項２】 前記上部ヘッダー長手方向の仕切りが、
上部ヘッダー底部に凹みを設け、この凹みを仕切りとす
ることを特徴とする請求項１記載の吸収器。2. The partition in the longitudinal direction of the upper header,
The absorber according to claim 1, wherein a recess is provided in a bottom portion of the upper header, and the recess serves as a partition.