JPH06279161A - Preparation of granulated fertilizer with delayed action - Google Patents
Preparation of granulated fertilizer with delayed actionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06279161A JPH06279161A JP5149938A JP14993893A JPH06279161A JP H06279161 A JPH06279161 A JP H06279161A JP 5149938 A JP5149938 A JP 5149938A JP 14993893 A JP14993893 A JP 14993893A JP H06279161 A JPH06279161 A JP H06279161A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rosin
- fertilizer
- coating
- granular fertilizer
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ロジン又はロジン誘導
体に高分子物質を添加し、有機溶媒に溶解した基礎被覆
材を、粒状肥料に噴霧して被覆した後、この上に保護被
覆を施すことで、取扱い及び貯蔵を容易にし、遅効効果
を向上させた被覆粒状肥料の製造方法に関するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method in which a polymeric substance is added to rosin or a rosin derivative, and a basic coating material dissolved in an organic solvent is sprayed onto granular fertilizer for coating, and then a protective coating is applied thereon. Thus, the present invention relates to a method for producing a coated granular fertilizer, which facilitates handling and storage and improves the delayed-effect effect.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】現在使
用されている化学肥料は、大部分水に容易に溶けるため
に、施した肥料の流失量が多く、従って施した肥料の量
に比べて収穫量が少なく、また頻繁な施肥による労働力
浪費等の問題点がある。そこで、肥料の利用効率を高
め、施肥回数を減らすために、肥料成分が土壌及び水中
に徐々に溶出する、経済性のある遅効性肥料の開発が切
実に要求されている実情である。2. Description of the Related Art Most of the chemical fertilizers currently used are easily dissolved in water, so that the amount of fertilizer applied is large, and therefore the amount of fertilizer applied is large compared to the amount of fertilizer applied. There are problems such as low yield and waste of labor due to frequent fertilization. Therefore, in order to enhance the utilization efficiency of fertilizers and reduce the number of times of fertilizer application, there is an urgent need to develop economically slow-acting fertilizers in which fertilizer components are gradually eluted into soil and water.
【0003】従来の遅効性肥料の製造方法を大別する
と、肥料と他の物質との化学反応により新しい化学物質
を造り、この物質が施肥後徐々に分解するようにして、
肥料成分を供給する化学的方法と、溶解速度を遅くする
ために適当な物質で被覆又は含浸させる物理的方法に分
けることができる。The conventional methods for producing slow-acting fertilizers are roughly divided into new chemical substances by chemical reaction between fertilizers and other substances, and the substances are gradually decomposed after fertilization.
It can be divided into a chemical method of supplying the fertilizer component and a physical method of coating or impregnating with a suitable substance for slowing the dissolution rate.
【0004】化学的方法には、化学結合の強度、溶解
度、分解速度等が肥料の持続性を決定する要因となり、
代表的な例として尿素とアルデヒドとの結合物があるが
(米国特許第3,227,543号)、これらの生産原
価が他の有機処理剤より高い短所がある。In the chemical method, the strength of the chemical bond, the solubility, the decomposition rate, etc. are factors that determine the persistence of the fertilizer,
A typical example thereof is a combination product of urea and aldehyde (US Pat. No. 3,227,543), but it has a disadvantage that the production cost thereof is higher than that of other organic treating agents.
【0005】物理的方法のうち、肥料を特殊な物質と混
合する方法は、製造工程が簡便であるが、混合物質の使
用に伴う肥料成分の含量低下及び肥料成分の溶出速度調
節が困難なために実用化されるのに問題がある。Among the physical methods, the method of mixing a fertilizer with a special substance has a simple manufacturing process, but it is difficult to reduce the content of the fertilizer component and control the elution rate of the fertilizer component by using the mixed substance. There is a problem in being put to practical use.
【0006】また、被覆により遅効性肥料を製造する方
法は、被覆材の選択により肥料の溶出速度を調節するこ
とが容易であり、肥料の含量を高めることができ、比較
的経済性のある工程で製造可能であるために、最も活発
に研究されている。In addition, in the method for producing a delayed-acting fertilizer by coating, the elution rate of fertilizer can be easily adjusted by selecting the coating material, the fertilizer content can be increased, and the process is relatively economical. It is the most actively researched because it can be manufactured in.
【0007】米国のT.V.A.で開発された硫黄被覆肥料
(米国特許第3,295,950号)や、アーチャ−ダ
ニエルス−ミドランド会社(Archer-Daniels-Midland C
o.)で開発されたオスモコート(Osmocote)(米国特許
第3,223,518号)は、代表的な被覆肥料の例で
ある。しかし、硫黄を被覆物質として使用する場合に
は、価格が低廉である長所はあるが、肥料の溶出速度の
調節が難しく、土壌中に硫黄が蓄積し、土壌が酸性化す
る欠点がある。オスモコートは、ジシクロペンタジエン
とグリセロールエステルとの共重合物を主成分として重
層被覆したもので、品質は優れているが、価格が高く、
使用された有機溶媒を回収するのに困難がある。Sulfur coated fertilizer developed by US TVA (US Pat. No. 3,295,950) and Archer-Daniels-Midland C
Osmocote (US Pat. No. 3,223,518), developed in o.), is an example of a representative coated fertilizer. However, when sulfur is used as a coating material, it has an advantage that the price is low, but it is difficult to control the elution rate of the fertilizer, and there is a drawback that sulfur is accumulated in the soil and the soil is acidified. Osmocoat is a multi-layered coating containing a copolymer of dicyclopentadiene and glycerol ester as the main component, and is excellent in quality, but high in price.
There is difficulty in recovering the organic solvent used.
【0008】この外にもオレフィン系高分子物質を使用
したニュートリコート(Nutricote)(韓国特許公告第8
2−2204号)や、アクリレート系高分子物質(特公
昭64−03093号)を使用し、有機溶媒を使用しな
い被覆材が知られている。In addition to this, Nutricote (Korean Patent Publication No. 8) using an olefin polymer
No. 2-2204) or an acrylate polymer (Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-03093) and no organic solvent is known.
【0009】一方、金属酸化物やケイ酸塩が被覆材とし
て提案されているが(日本特許第59,137,386
号)、被覆材の主成分として使用したケイ酸塩が水に溶
けるために充分な遅効効果を期待することが難しい。ケ
イ酸塩で被覆し、更にその上に高分子物質で2次被覆す
ることで、遅効効果を補完したもの(韓国特許公告第8
8−153号)は、被膜の遅効性が良く、有機溶媒を使
用しない長所がある反面、価格が高いラテックスを被覆
材として使用しているために製造原価が高く、ラテック
ス成分が土壌に残留して蓄積する短所がある。On the other hand, metal oxides and silicates have been proposed as coating materials (Japanese Patent No. 59,137,386).
No.), since the silicate used as the main component of the coating material dissolves in water, it is difficult to expect a sufficient retarding effect. By coating with a silicate and then with a secondary coating with a polymer substance, the delayed effect is complemented (Korean Patent Publication No. 8).
No. 8-153) has a good slow-acting effect on the coating and has the advantage of not using an organic solvent, but on the other hand, it uses expensive latex as a coating material, so the manufacturing cost is high and the latex component remains in the soil. There is a disadvantage that it accumulates.
【0010】これら高分子物質以外に、ワックスが水に
溶けない被覆材料として提案されているが(米国特許第
3,232,237号)、肥料の溶出速度を満足するだ
け抑制するには、被覆肥料でのワックス含量が非常に大
きい短所がある。これを補完するために、ワックスとロ
ジンとを混合溶融して被覆材料として使用する方法(特
公昭59−35875号)が提案されている。この方法
によれば、パラフィンワックス又はブランドワックスを
基本物質とし、これにロジンを30−80重量%混合し
たものを溶融し、これを被覆材料として使用すること
で、遅効効果の優れた被覆粒状肥料を製造することがで
きる。しかし、ロジン含量が80重量%以上である場合
には、被膜にピンホールの発生が非常に甚だしく、均一
な被膜の形成が困難である。このような不均一被膜形成
の主要原因は、ワックスとロジンとを溶融し、比較的高
い温度で被覆工程を行わなければならないためである。Besides these polymeric substances, wax has been proposed as a coating material which does not dissolve in water (US Pat. No. 3,232,237). It has the disadvantage that the wax content in fertilizer is very large. In order to supplement this, a method of mixing and melting wax and rosin and using it as a coating material (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-35875) has been proposed. According to this method, paraffin wax or brand wax is used as a basic substance, rosin is mixed at 30-80% by weight, and the resulting mixture is melted and used as a coating material. Can be manufactured. However, when the rosin content is 80% by weight or more, the formation of pinholes in the coating is extremely severe, and it is difficult to form a uniform coating. The main cause of the formation of such a non-uniform coating film is that the wax and rosin must be melted and the coating process must be performed at a relatively high temperature.
【0011】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明では、ロジン又は
ロジン誘導体からなる基礎被膜上に、更に保護膜を被覆
する方法を開発することで、ロジン被膜の耐久性を顕著
に増加させ、遅効効果が優れ、取扱い及び貯蔵の容易
な、実用性のある被覆粒状肥料の製造を可能にした。In the present invention, by developing a method of further coating a protective film on a base film made of rosin or a rosin derivative, the durability of the rosin film is remarkably increased and a delayed-acting effect is obtained. It is possible to produce a practical coated granular fertilizer having excellent properties, easy to handle and store.
【0012】ロジン自体の物性改善のために使用するロ
ジン誘導体は、大きく2つに分けることができるが、1
つはアビエチン酸の二重結合と反応させ合成するもので
あり、他の1つはカルボキシル基と反応させ合成するも
のである。The rosin derivative used for improving the physical properties of rosin itself can be roughly classified into two types.
One is synthesized by reacting with a double bond of abietic acid, and the other is synthesized by reacting with a carboxyl group.
【0013】二重結合を利用する反応は、高分子化反応
と無水マレイン酸のような二重結合をもった化合物との
ディールスアルダー反応を、例として挙げることがで
き、カルボキシル基を利用する反応は、アルコールとの
エステル化反応か、金属との反応による金属塩の生成反
応が代表的である。本発明では、高分子化反応、ディー
ルスアルダー反応及びエステル化反応によるロジン誘導
体を、ロジンと共に基礎被覆材料として使用し、保護膜
の被覆材料としては、有機溶媒に溶解するか、水中でエ
マルジョンとすることが可能な高分子物質を使用してい
る。The reaction utilizing a double bond may be, for example, a polymerizing reaction and a Diels-Alder reaction between a compound having a double bond such as maleic anhydride, and a reaction utilizing a carboxyl group. Is typically an esterification reaction with an alcohol or a reaction for producing a metal salt by a reaction with a metal. In the present invention, a rosin derivative obtained by a polymerizing reaction, Diels-Alder reaction and esterification reaction is used together with rosin as a basic coating material, and as a coating material for the protective film, it is dissolved in an organic solvent or made into an emulsion in water. It is possible to use high molecular substances.
【0014】本発明の技術内容を詳細に説明すれば次の
とおりである。The technical contents of the present invention will be described in detail below.
【0015】本発明は、ロジン30−100重量%とロ
ジン誘導体0−70重量%の混合物に対し0−20重量
%の第1の高分子物質を添加し、0.5−50重量%濃
度の溶液になるように有機溶媒に溶解した基礎被覆材
を、粒状肥料に対し2−40重量%になるように基礎被
覆した後、この上に第2の高分子物質の0.5−50重
量%有機溶媒溶液又はエマルション溶液を、前記基礎被
覆した粒状肥料に対し0.2−30重量%になるように
保護被覆することを特徴とする遅効性粒状肥料の製造方
法である。In the present invention, 0-20% by weight of the first polymer substance is added to a mixture of 30-100% by weight of rosin and 0-70% by weight of rosin derivative to obtain a mixture of 0.5-50% by weight. The base coating material dissolved in an organic solvent to form a solution was applied to the base fertilizer in an amount of 2 to 40% by weight based on the granular fertilizer, and then 0.5 to 50% by weight of the second polymer substance was added thereto. A method for producing a delayed-acting granular fertilizer, which comprises protectively coating an organic solvent solution or an emulsion solution so as to be 0.2 to 30% by weight with respect to the basic coated granular fertilizer.
【0016】本発明で使用しうるロジンとしては、ガム
ロジン、ウッドロジン及びトールオイルロジンがあげら
れ、ガムロジンを使用した場合の効果が最も優れてい
る。Examples of the rosin that can be used in the present invention include gum rosin, wood rosin and tall oil rosin, and the effect of using gum rosin is most excellent.
【0017】本発明で使用しうるロジン誘導体として
は、ロジンのエステル、高分子化又は2量体化したロジ
ン、水素化したロジン、無水マレイン酸と反応させたロ
ジン及び無水マレイン酸とグリセロール又はトルエンジ
イソシアネートと反応させたロジンがあげられる。これ
らはロジンの融点を高め、耐久性を増加させるのに効果
があり、特に、無水マレイン酸と反応させたロジン、無
水マレイン酸とグリセロールのような多価アルコール又
はトルエンジイソシアネートと反応させたロジンの効果
が優れている。The rosin derivative usable in the present invention includes rosin ester, polymerized or dimerized rosin, hydrogenated rosin, rosin reacted with maleic anhydride and maleic anhydride and glycerol or toluene. Examples include rosin reacted with diisocyanate. These have the effect of increasing the melting point of rosin and increasing the durability, especially of rosin reacted with maleic anhydride, maleic anhydride and a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerol or rosin reacted with toluene diisocyanate. The effect is excellent.
【0018】本発明で第1の高分子物質としては、エチ
ルセルロース、ニトロセルロース、ベンジルセルロー
ス、ポリビニルアセテート、ポリアクリレート、アルキ
ド樹脂、ビニルアセテートとロジンの共重合物等があげ
られる。このような高分子物質の添加は、遅効効果と耐
久性を増加させ、特にエチルセルロース、ポリビニルア
セテート、ビニルアセテートとロジンの共重合物の効果
が優れている。In the present invention, examples of the first polymer substance include ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, benzyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylate, alkyd resin, and a copolymer of vinyl acetate and rosin. Addition of such a polymer substance increases the delayed effect and the durability, and is particularly excellent in the effect of ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, and a copolymer of vinyl acetate and rosin.
【0019】本発明に使用することのできる溶媒は、ロ
ジンを溶解させることのできる有機溶媒であればよく、
例えばメタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール、t
−ブタノール、ベンゼン、メチルエーテル、メチレンク
ロリド、テトラヒドロフラン、クロロホルム、アセト
ン、メチルアセテート、エチルアセテート、アセトニト
リル、トリクロロエタン等であり、特にアルコール類、
アセトン及びメチルエーテルが優れている。The solvent which can be used in the present invention may be any organic solvent capable of dissolving rosin,
For example, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, t
-Butanol, benzene, methyl ether, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, acetone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, trichloroethane, etc., especially alcohols,
Acetone and methyl ether are excellent.
【0020】本発明で保護被覆材として用いられる第2
の高分子化合物としては、エチルセルロース、ベンジル
セルロース、ニトロセルロース、ポリビニルアセテー
ト、アルキド樹脂、ロジンとビニルアセテートの共重合
物、アクリレート類又はスチレン類の重合物等を、単独
で又は混合してエマルジョン重合させた生成物をあげる
ことができ、特にニトロセルロース、ロジンとビニルア
セテートの共重合物が、被覆粒状肥料の耐久性を増加さ
せるのに優れた効果を現わす。これらの有機溶媒溶液
は、エタノールのようなアルコール類、ベンゼン類及び
メチレンクロリド又はアセトン等を溶媒として使用す
る。Second used as protective coating in the present invention
Examples of the polymer compound include ethyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, polyvinyl acetate, alkyd resin, a copolymer of rosin and vinyl acetate, a polymer of acrylates or styrenes, alone or in a mixture, and emulsion polymerized. In particular, nitrocellulose, a copolymer of rosin and vinyl acetate, has an excellent effect in increasing the durability of the coated granular fertilizer. These organic solvent solutions use alcohols such as ethanol, benzenes and methylene chloride or acetone as a solvent.
【0021】上記2種の被覆材を粒状肥料に被覆する方
法を詳細に説明すれば、先ずロジンを基礎被覆材料とし
て被覆する方法は、先行する発明(韓国特許出願第2
2,161号、出願日1991年12月4日)に記載し
た方法に準ずるもので、次のとおりである。The method of coating the above-mentioned two types of coating materials on the granular fertilizer will be described in detail. First, the method of coating rosin as a basic coating material is a prior invention (Korean Patent Application No. 2).
No. 2,161, date of application December 4, 1991), which is as follows.
【0022】被覆工程は、ファン型回転被覆機を使用
し、粒状肥料に被覆液を噴霧するが、このときドラムの
回転速度は10−30rpm /分、噴霧ノズルの空気圧力
は1−3kg/cm2、温度は20−70℃を維持して行う。In the coating step, a fan type rotary coating machine is used to spray the coating liquid on the granular fertilizer. At this time, the rotation speed of the drum is 10-30 rpm / min, and the air pressure of the spray nozzle is 1-3 kg / cm. 2. The temperature is maintained at 20-70 ° C.
【0023】被覆が終った後、粒状肥料は被覆機のドラ
ム内で乾燥工程を行うが、このときの温度は30−90
℃であり、乾燥時間は1分−2時間である。溶媒は揮発
性が大きく、沸点の低い有機溶媒を使用するために、回
収が比較的容易であり、特別な熱処理工程の必要はな
く、溶媒を回収することによりこの工程を終了する。必
要により、被覆工程は1−10回に分けてロジンとロジ
ン誘導体とを主成分とする被覆材料を、粒状肥料に対し
て2−40重量%になるように実施し、遅効効果を有す
る多層被覆肥料を製造することもできる。After the coating is completed, the granular fertilizer is dried in the drum of the coater, at a temperature of 30-90.
C. and the drying time is 1 minute-2 hours. Since the solvent is an organic solvent having a high volatility and a low boiling point, the recovery is relatively easy, and no special heat treatment step is required, and the step is completed by recovering the solvent. If necessary, the coating step is divided into 1 to 10 times, and a coating material containing rosin and a rosin derivative as main components is performed so as to be 2 to 40% by weight with respect to the granular fertilizer, and a multi-layer coating having a delayed effect is obtained. It is also possible to produce fertilizer.
【0024】次は保護膜の被覆工程で、ロジン被覆時と
同一のファン型回転被覆機を使用し、被覆液を噴霧して
被覆する。ドラムの回転速度は10−30rpm /分、噴
霧ノズルの空気圧力は1−3kg/cm2、温度は20−70
℃を維持して行う。前段階の被覆工程と同じく、保護膜
の被覆は、基礎被覆された肥料に対し0.2−30重量
%になるよう、必要により1−10回に分けて実施する
ことができる。この工程が終了した後、被覆した肥料粒
子は、被覆機のドラム内で乾燥工程を行うが、このとき
の温度は30−90℃であり、乾燥時間は1分−2時間
である。有機溶媒を使用した場合には前段階と同様に溶
媒を回収し、エマルジョン溶液を使用した場合には溶媒
の回収工程は必要でない。いずれにしても、特別な熱処
理工程を経ないで上記の乾燥工程により全工程を終了す
る。Next, in the step of coating the protective film, the same fan type rotary coating machine as that used for the rosin coating is used to spray and coat the coating liquid. The rotation speed of the drum is 10-30 rpm / min, the air pressure of the spray nozzle is 1-3 kg / cm 2 , and the temperature is 20-70.
Keep at ℃. As in the case of the coating step in the previous step, the coating of the protective film can be carried out in 1-10 times if necessary so as to be 0.2-30% by weight with respect to the base-coated fertilizer. After this step is completed, the coated fertilizer particles are subjected to a drying step in the drum of the coater, the temperature at this time is 30-90 ° C, and the drying time is 1 minute-2 hours. When an organic solvent is used, the solvent is recovered as in the previous step, and when an emulsion solution is used, the solvent recovery step is not necessary. In any case, all steps are completed by the above-mentioned drying step without passing through a special heat treatment step.
【0025】[0025]
【発明の効果】上記のように簡便な工程により得られた
被覆粒状肥料は、基礎被膜上に保護膜を被覆すること
で、被覆した肥料粒子間のねばつき、凝着、被膜の損傷
や砕け現象が無いので、取り扱い及び貯蔵時の問題点が
なく、肥料成分の水中及び土壌中での溶出速度の調節が
容易であり、遅効効果が優れているだけでなく、肥料成
分が溶出した後徐々に分解し、土壌に被覆物質が蓄積さ
れない長所を持つ。Industrial Applicability The coated granular fertilizer obtained by the simple steps as described above is coated with a protective film on the basic coating, whereby sticking, adhesion, coating damage and crushing between the coated fertilizer particles. Since there is no phenomenon, there are no problems during handling and storage, the elution rate of fertilizer components in water and soil is easy to control, and not only is the delayed-release effect excellent, but the fertilizer components gradually elute after elution. It has the advantage that it does not accumulate in the soil and decomposes into soil.
【0026】[0026]
【実施例】本発明の実施例を挙げて、以下により具体的
に説明する。これら実施例は本発明の範囲の一部を示す
もので、本実施例で本発明の範囲が制限されるものでは
ない。EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. These examples show a part of the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples.
【0027】実施例1 (基礎被覆)ファン型回転被覆機を使用し、粒子の直径
が2.36−2.83mmである粒状尿素肥料を被覆し
た。ガムロジン100g をエタノール400g に溶かし
た20重量%の被覆溶液を、50℃の温度で、噴霧ノズ
ルの空気圧力を1.5kg/cm2、噴霧量2ml/分で粒状肥
料を被覆した。被覆が終った後、回転ドラム中で同じ温
度で10分間乾燥し、基礎被覆物を得た。多層被覆の場
合には、1次被覆の乾燥工程が終った後、更に同じ方法
で被覆する工程を反復する。溶出実験は乾燥工程が終っ
た後実施し、単層被覆肥料の場合は1日間常温で放置し
た後の溶出率も測定し比較した。Example 1 (Base coating) A fan type rotary coater was used to coat granular urea fertilizer with a particle diameter of 2.36-2.83 mm. A coating solution of 20% by weight of 100 g of gum rosin dissolved in 400 g of ethanol was coated with granular fertilizer at a temperature of 50 ° C., an air pressure of a spray nozzle of 1.5 kg / cm 2 , and a spray rate of 2 ml / min. After the coating was completed, it was dried in a rotating drum at the same temperature for 10 minutes to obtain a base coating. In the case of a multi-layer coating, after the drying step of the primary coating is completed, the coating step is repeated in the same manner. The dissolution experiment was carried out after the drying step was completed, and in the case of the single-layer coated fertilizer, the dissolution rate after leaving it at room temperature for 1 day was also measured and compared.
【0028】溶出してくる肥料の量は、ベリアン社の高
圧液体クロマトグラフィーを使用して測定した。被覆肥
料を30℃の水に入れ、溶出してくる肥料の量を測定し
た結果は、第1表のとおりである。The amount of fertilizer eluted was measured using high pressure liquid chromatography manufactured by Berrian. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the amount of fertilizer eluted by putting the coated fertilizer in water at 30 ° C.
【0029】[0029]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0030】実施例2 (基礎被覆)ガムロジンに所定のロジン誘導体を30重
量%混ぜたものを、アセトンに溶解して20重量%濃度
の溶液を製造し、実施例1と同様な方法で粒状尿素肥料
を被覆し、被覆率が1%になるようにした。30℃の水
での肥料溶出率は、第2表のとおりである。Example 2 (basic coating) Gum rosin mixed with 30% by weight of a predetermined rosin derivative was dissolved in acetone to prepare a 20% by weight solution, and granular urea was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Fertilizer was coated so that the coverage was 1%. The fertilizer elution rate in water at 30 ° C is shown in Table 2.
【0031】[0031]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0032】実施例3 (基礎被覆)ガムロジンに所定の高分子物質を10重量
%混ぜたものをメチルエーテルに溶解し、各々20重量
%濃度の溶液を製造した。実施例1と同様な方法で粒状
尿素肥料を被覆率が11重量%になるように被覆した。
30℃の水での肥料の溶出率は第3表のとおりである。Example 3 (Basic coating) A mixture of gum rosin with 10% by weight of a predetermined polymer was dissolved in methyl ether to prepare a solution with a concentration of 20% by weight. The granular urea fertilizer was coated in the same manner as in Example 1 so that the coverage was 11% by weight.
The dissolution rate of fertilizer in water at 30 ° C is shown in Table 3.
【0033】[0033]
【表3】 [Table 3]
【0034】実施例4 (保護膜被覆)ロジン基礎被膜で被覆率11.2重量%
に被覆した尿素肥料を選び、保護膜被覆を施した。被覆
液は、所定の高分子物質をエタノールに溶かした5重量
%濃度の溶液を、50℃の温度で、噴霧ノズルの空気圧
力を1.5kg/cm2、噴霧量2ml/分で肥料を被覆した。
被覆終了後、回転ドラム内で同じ温度で10分間乾燥
し、総被覆率が基礎被覆尿素肥料に対し1−5重量%に
なるように、1回又は必要な回数に分けて実施した。被
覆した肥料を30℃の水に入れ、溶出する肥料の量を測
定した結果は、第4表のとおりである。Example 4 (Coating with protective film) Coverage with a rosin base film 11.2% by weight
The urea fertilizer coated on was selected, and a protective film coating was applied. The coating solution is a solution of a predetermined polymer substance dissolved in ethanol at a concentration of 5% by weight, the fertilizer is coated at a temperature of 50 ° C., an air pressure of a spray nozzle of 1.5 kg / cm 2 , and a spray rate of 2 ml / min. did.
After the coating was completed, the coating was dried in a rotary drum at the same temperature for 10 minutes, and was carried out once or in a necessary number of times so that the total coating rate was 1 to 5% by weight based on the basic coating urea fertilizer. Table 4 shows the results of measuring the amount of fertilizer eluted by putting the coated fertilizer in water at 30 ° C.
【0035】[0035]
【表4】 [Table 4]
【0036】比較例1 (耐久性試験)ロジンの30重量%メタノール溶液を使
用して、被覆率10重量%で基礎被覆した粒状尿素肥料
と、基礎被膜上にニトロセルロースを基礎被覆尿素肥料
に対して2重量%で保護被覆した尿素肥料を、各々振動
器(東洋科学製造モデル番号1640)に入れ、5分間
100回/分の速度で振動した後、30℃の水での肥料
溶出率を測定した。結果は第5表のとおりである。Comparative Example 1 (Durability test) A 30% by weight methanol solution of rosin was used as a base coating at a coverage of 10% by weight with a granular urea fertilizer and nitrocellulose on the base coating as a base coating urea fertilizer. Urea fertilizer with a protective coating of 2% by weight was placed in each vibrator (Model No. 1640 manufactured by Toyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.) and vibrated at a speed of 100 times / min for 5 minutes, and then the fertilizer elution rate in water at 30 ° C. was measured. did. The results are shown in Table 5.
【0037】[0037]
【表5】 [Table 5]
【0038】比較例2 (貯蔵性試験)比較例1の方法で製造した被覆粒状尿素
肥料を、ポリエチレンフィルムからなる横、25cmと縦
18cmのバッグに1kgずつ入れて封じた後、この上に各
々50kgの錘を10日間のせて置いた。Comparative Example 2 (Storability test) The coated granular urea fertilizer produced by the method of Comparative Example 1 was placed in a bag made of polyethylene film having a width of 25 cm and a length of 18 cm, 1 kg each, and the bag was sealed. A 50 kg weight was placed for 10 days.
【0039】このとき、ロジンだけで被覆した肥料は、
肥料の粒子間が互いに凝着する現象が甚だしかったが、
ロジンと保護膜で被覆した肥料では、このような現象は
観察されなかった。これら30℃の水での肥料溶出率は
第6表のとおりである。At this time, the fertilizer coated only with rosin was
The phenomenon that the particles of the fertilizer adhered to each other was serious,
No such phenomenon was observed with fertilizers coated with rosin and overcoat. The fertilizer elution rate in water at 30 ° C is shown in Table 6.
【0040】[0040]
【表6】 [Table 6]
【0041】実施例5 (保護膜被覆)ロジン基礎被膜の被覆率が11.2重量
%である尿素肥料に、保護膜被覆を実施した。被覆液は
所定の高分子物質の10重量%エマルジョン溶液を製造
し、実施例4の方法で肥料を被覆した。被覆率は尿素肥
料に対し3重量%になるようにし、被覆した肥料の30
℃の水での肥料の溶出率は第7表のとおりである。Example 5 (Protective coating) A protective coating was applied to urea fertilizer having a coverage of the rosin base coating of 11.2% by weight. As the coating liquid, a 10 wt% emulsion solution of a predetermined polymer substance was prepared, and fertilizer was coated by the method of Example 4. The coverage is set to 3% by weight with respect to the urea fertilizer, and
Table 7 shows the elution rate of fertilizer in water at ℃.
【0042】[0042]
【表7】 [Table 7]
【0043】実施例6 (保護膜被覆)実施例2及び実施例3で製造した所定の
基礎被覆肥料に、実施例4の方法で保護膜被覆を施し
た。保護被覆液はエチルセルロースの10重量%ベンゼ
ン溶液を製造し、被覆率2.5重量%で被覆した。30
℃の水での肥料溶出率は第8表のとおりである。Example 6 (Protective film coating) The predetermined base-coated fertilizers produced in Examples 2 and 3 were coated with a protective film by the method of Example 4. As the protective coating solution, a 10% by weight benzene solution of ethyl cellulose was prepared, and coating was performed at a coating rate of 2.5% by weight. Thirty
The fertilizer elution rate in water at ℃ is shown in Table 8.
【0044】[0044]
【表8】 [Table 8]
【0045】実施例7 (保護膜被覆)ロジンを基礎被覆材に使用し、被覆率1
0重量%で被覆した直径2.04−3.16mmであるN
−P−K複合粒状肥料(15−15−15)について、
保護膜被覆を施した。保護被覆液はニトロセルロースの
5重量%アセトン溶液を製造し、実施例4の方法で肥料
を保護膜被覆した。被覆率は基礎被覆複合肥料に対し5
重量%になるようにし、被覆した肥料の30℃の水での
肥料溶出率は第9表のとおりである。Example 7 (Coating with protective film) Rosin was used as a base coating material, and the coverage was 1
N with a diameter of 2.04-3.16 mm coated with 0% by weight
-P-K compound granular fertilizer (15-15-15),
A protective film coating was applied. As the protective coating solution, a 5 wt% acetone solution of nitrocellulose was produced, and the fertilizer was coated with a protective film by the method of Example 4. Coverage is 5 for basic coated compound fertilizer
Table 9 shows the fertilizer elution rate of the fertilizer coated so as to have a weight percentage of 30% in water.
【0046】[0046]
【表9】 [Table 9]
【0047】実施例8 (保護膜被覆)基礎被覆材としてウッドロジンとトール
オイルロジンを使用し、被覆率10重量%で被覆した粒
状尿素肥料について、保護膜被覆を施した。保護被覆液
はポリビニルアセテートの5重量%トルエン溶液を製造
し、実施例4の方法で基礎被覆肥料を被覆した。被覆率
は基礎被覆尿素肥料に対し3重量%になるようにし、被
覆した肥料の30℃の水での肥料溶出率は第10表のと
おりである。Example 8 (Protective film coating) Wood rosin and tall oil rosin were used as a basic coating material, and a granular urea fertilizer coated at a coverage of 10% by weight was coated with a protective film. As a protective coating solution, a 5% by weight solution of polyvinyl acetate in toluene was prepared, and the base coating fertilizer was coated by the method of Example 4. The coverage is set to 3% by weight with respect to the base-coated urea fertilizer, and the fertilizer elution ratio of the coated fertilizer in water at 30 ° C is shown in Table 10.
【0048】[0048]
【表10】 [Table 10]
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 崔 亨 壽 大韓民国ソウル特別市城北区下月谷洞39− 1 (72)発明者 呉 在 春 大韓民国ソウル特別市蘆原区孔陵洞254 (72)発明者 金 在 翊 大韓民国ソウル特別市道峰区放鶴洞639− 15Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Choi Toru Ji, 39-1 Shimogetsuya-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (72) Inventor 254, Incheon-dong, Lorihara-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea 254 (72) Inventor Kim 639-15 Hokkaku-dong, Dobong-gu, Seoul, South Korea
Claims (6)
体0−70重量%の混合物に対し0−20重量%の第1
の高分子物質を添加し、0.5−50重量%濃度の溶液
になるように有機溶媒に溶解した基礎被覆材を、粒状肥
料に対し2−40重量%になるように基礎被覆した後、
この上に第2の高分子物質の0.5−50重量%有機溶
媒溶液又はエマルション溶液を前記基礎被覆した粒状肥
料に対し0.2−30重量%になるように保護被覆する
ことを特徴とする遅効性粒状肥料の製造方法。1. A mixture of 30-100% by weight of rosin and 0-70% by weight of rosin derivative, 0-20% by weight of the first.
After adding the polymer substance of 1) to the base coating material dissolved in an organic solvent to form a solution having a concentration of 0.5 to 50% by weight, the base coating material is added to the granular fertilizer at 2 to 40% by weight,
A 0.5-50 wt% organic solvent solution or emulsion solution of the second polymeric substance is then protectively coated on the base fertilized granular fertilizer in an amount of 0.2-30 wt%. A method for producing a slow-acting granular fertilizer.
びトールオイルロジンから選ばれる請求項1の遅効性粒
状肥料の製造方法。2. The method for producing a delayed-acting granular fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the rosin is selected from wood rosin, gum rosin and tall oil rosin.
分子化又は2量体化したロジン、水素化したロジン、無
水マレイン酸と反応させたロジン及び無水マレイン酸と
多価アルコール又はトルエンジイソシアネートと反応さ
せたロジンから選ばれる請求項1の遅効性粒状肥料の製
造方法。3. A rosin derivative, a rosin ester, a polymerized or dimerized rosin, a hydrogenated rosin, a rosin reacted with maleic anhydride, and a maleic anhydride reacted with a polyhydric alcohol or toluene diisocyanate. The method for producing a slow-acting granular fertilizer according to claim 1, which is selected from rosins.
子物質が、エチルセルロース、ポリビニルアセテート及
びビニルアセテートとロジンの共重合物から選ばれる請
求項1の遅効性粒状肥料の製造方法。4. The method for producing a delayed-acting granular fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the first polymer substance used as the base coating material is selected from ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, and a copolymer of vinyl acetate and rosin.
子物質が、エチルセルロース、ベンジルセルロース、ポ
リビニルアセテート、ニトロセルロース、ビニルアセテ
ートとロジンの共重合物及びアクリレート類又はスチレ
ン類の重合体から選ばれる請求項1の遅効性粒状肥料の
製造方法。5. The second polymeric substance used as the protective coating material is selected from ethyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, nitrocellulose, copolymers of vinyl acetate and rosin, and polymers of acrylates or styrenes. The method for producing the delayed-acting granular fertilizer according to claim 1.
い、多層被覆する請求項1の遅効性粒状肥料の製造方
法。6. The method for producing a delayed-acting granular fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the base coating and / or the protective coating is performed a plurality of times to perform multi-layer coating.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR12221/1992 | 1992-07-09 | ||
KR1019920012221A KR950006288B1 (en) | 1992-07-09 | 1992-07-09 | Manufacturing method of fertilizer whose effectiveness lasts long |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH06279161A true JPH06279161A (en) | 1994-10-04 |
JPH0825828B2 JPH0825828B2 (en) | 1996-03-13 |
Family
ID=19336070
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP5149938A Expired - Fee Related JPH0825828B2 (en) | 1992-07-09 | 1993-06-22 | Method for producing slow-acting granular fertilizer |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0825828B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR950006288B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5276369A (en) * | 1989-07-20 | 1994-01-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Sense amplifier circuit having a bias current control means |
WO1999005078A1 (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 1999-02-04 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Degradable coat bearing granular compositions for agricultural and horticultural use, biodegradable resin composition, moldings and films of the same, process for the production of films, and degradable trash bags |
WO1999036168A1 (en) * | 1998-01-15 | 1999-07-22 | Valkanas George N | Method of production of encapsulating materials of a biologically controlled yield |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6358295B1 (en) * | 2000-03-15 | 2002-03-19 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Method for producing granular coated fertilizer |
KR102112441B1 (en) | 2019-01-30 | 2020-05-19 | 수산고분자 주식회사 | Slow Released Fertilizer and Preparation Method Thereof |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5460166A (en) * | 1977-10-21 | 1979-05-15 | Central Glass Co Ltd | Production of coated granular fertilizer |
-
1992
- 1992-07-09 KR KR1019920012221A patent/KR950006288B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-06-22 JP JP5149938A patent/JPH0825828B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5460166A (en) * | 1977-10-21 | 1979-05-15 | Central Glass Co Ltd | Production of coated granular fertilizer |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5276369A (en) * | 1989-07-20 | 1994-01-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Sense amplifier circuit having a bias current control means |
WO1999005078A1 (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 1999-02-04 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Degradable coat bearing granular compositions for agricultural and horticultural use, biodegradable resin composition, moldings and films of the same, process for the production of films, and degradable trash bags |
WO1999036168A1 (en) * | 1998-01-15 | 1999-07-22 | Valkanas George N | Method of production of encapsulating materials of a biologically controlled yield |
GR980100026A (en) * | 1998-01-15 | 1999-09-30 | Method of production of encapsulating materials of a biologically controlled yield |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR940002203A (en) | 1994-02-16 |
KR950006288B1 (en) | 1995-06-13 |
JPH0825828B2 (en) | 1996-03-13 |
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