JPH06276778A - Apparatus for driving vehicle and permanent magnet motor apparatus - Google Patents
Apparatus for driving vehicle and permanent magnet motor apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06276778A JPH06276778A JP5056781A JP5678193A JPH06276778A JP H06276778 A JPH06276778 A JP H06276778A JP 5056781 A JP5056781 A JP 5056781A JP 5678193 A JP5678193 A JP 5678193A JP H06276778 A JPH06276778 A JP H06276778A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- drive
- independent
- permanent magnet
- stator windings
- motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Landscapes
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は車両用駆動装置及び永久
磁石電動機装置に係り、特に、フェールセイフ機能を備
えた車両用特に電気自動車用の駆動装置とそれを達成す
るのに好適な永久磁石電動機装置を提供するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle drive device and a permanent magnet motor device, and more particularly to a vehicle drive device with a fail-safe function, particularly for an electric vehicle, and a permanent magnet suitable for achieving the same. An electric motor device is provided.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】電気自動車の駆動モータは数十キロワッ
トの所要出力を要し、駆動方式としても１モータ方式あ
るいは２モータ方式あるいは車輪の中に組み入れたホイ
ールインモータ等の方式が試みられている。さて、アメ
リカにおける排気ガス規制により電気自動車の本格的な
実用化が目前に来ている。電気自動車の実用化に当たっ
て最も重要なことはバッテリやモータ，コントローラの
性能向上もさることながら安全性の確保，フェールセイ
フ機能の拡充が最も重要である。特に故障時においても
最小限の駆動機構が必要である。これに対する従来例と
して、特開平2−133006号公報で、４モータ方式を開示
している。また、電気自動車として好適な電動機として
特開平1−286758 号に突極性を持つ永久磁石電動機が開
示されている。この方式は、トルクが大きくかつ弱め界
磁ができるために電気自動車としては好ましいトルク特
性を有している。しかしこの突極性のために脈動トルク
が大きい欠点がある。2. Description of the Related Art A drive motor for an electric vehicle requires a required output of several tens of kilowatts, and a drive system such as a one-motor system, a two-motor system or a wheel-in motor incorporated in a wheel has been tried. . Now, due to exhaust gas regulations in the United States, full-scale commercialization of electric vehicles is just around the corner. When putting electric vehicles into practical use, the most important thing is to improve safety of batteries, motors, and controllers, as well as to ensure safety and to expand fail-safe functions. A minimum drive mechanism is required even in the case of a failure. As a conventional example, a 4-motor system is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-133006. Further, as a suitable electric motor for an electric vehicle, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-286758 discloses a permanent magnet electric motor having a saliency. This system has a torque characteristic that is preferable for an electric vehicle because the torque is large and the field weakening can be performed. However, this saliency has a drawback that the pulsating torque is large.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】以上開示例１によれ
ば、モータ及びその制御装置の故障時にも他のモータ及
びその制御装置によって走行ができる反面、モータを２
個あるいは４個必要とし、重量の増加，価格の増加を来
す欠点がある。また、開示例２によれば直巻特性を持
ち、電気自動車として好ましいトルク特性を持つが、し
かし、逆に脈動トルクが大きいという欠点がある。According to Disclosure Example 1 described above, even if the motor and its control device are out of order, the motor can be driven by another motor and its control device, but two motors are required.
It requires four or four pieces, which has the drawback of increasing the weight and the price. Further, according to Disclosure Example 2, although it has a series winding characteristic and a preferable torque characteristic as an electric vehicle, on the contrary, there is a drawback that the pulsating torque is large.
【０００４】本発明は以上、示した従来例の欠点を除
き、小型軽量でかつフェールセイフの機能を有する車両
用駆動装置、あるいはそれに使用するに好適な永久磁石
電動機を提供するものである。The present invention provides a vehicle drive device which is compact and lightweight and has a fail-safe function, or a permanent magnet electric motor suitable for use therein, excluding the drawbacks of the prior art shown above.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、車両用駆動装置として、複数の独立した多相固定
子巻線を有する固定子鉄心とその空隙面に回転子とを備
えた駆動電動機と、複数の独立した多相固定子巻線に接
続されると共に、故障検出機構を持った複数の駆動制御
装置とを備える。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a vehicle drive device is provided with a stator core having a plurality of independent multiphase stator windings and a rotor on its air gap surface. A drive motor and a plurality of drive control devices having a failure detection mechanism and connected to a plurality of independent multiphase stator windings are provided.
【０００６】さらに、永久磁石電動機装置として電気的
に３０度位相の異なる独立した二つの３相固定子巻線を
有する固定子鉄心とその空隙面に前記独立した二つの複
数の３相固定子巻線に共通に作用する永久磁石回転子と
を備えた駆動電動機と、二つの独立した３相固定子巻線
に接続される複数の駆動制御装置とを備える。Further, as a permanent magnet motor device, a stator iron core having two independent three-phase stator windings electrically different in phase by 30 degrees and two independent three-phase stator windings on the void surface thereof are provided. A drive motor having a permanent magnet rotor acting in common on the wire and a plurality of drive controllers connected to two independent three-phase stator windings.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】以上の構成によれば、車両駆動装置として二つ
の駆動部を持つことができるために制御部の故障、ある
いは電動機の固定子巻線の一つの断線等による故障時に
も駆動力を確保できる。かつ、電動機は同一のハウジン
グの中に複数の独立した多相固定子巻線を有する構成と
しているために、電動機の体格の増加や、出力減少を伴
わずに上記の効果が発揮できる。According to the above construction, since the vehicle drive device can have two driving portions, the driving force can be secured even when the control portion is broken or one of the stator windings of the electric motor is broken. it can. In addition, since the electric motor is configured to have a plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings in the same housing, the above effect can be exhibited without increasing the physical size of the electric motor and reducing the output.
【０００８】また、永久磁石電動機装置としては電気的
に３０度位相の異なる独立した二つの３相固定子巻線を
有することによって、電気自動車として好適な直巻特性
を持つと共にトルクむらの少ない電動機とすることがで
きる。Further, since the permanent magnet motor device has two independent three-phase stator windings electrically different in phase by 30 degrees, the motor has a series winding characteristic suitable for an electric vehicle and less torque unevenness. Can be
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below.
【００１０】図１は本発明にかかわる車両用駆動装置の
構成を示す。FIG. 1 shows the structure of a vehicle drive device according to the present invention.
【００１１】固定子１内に独立した固定子巻線５Ａ，５
Ｂを有し、この固定子巻線５Ａ，５Ｂに共通の回転子２
を持つ。独立した固定子巻線５Ａ，５Ｂはそれぞれ独立
したインバータ１２Ａ，１２Ｂに接続されて、スイッチ
ＳＷ１，ＳＷ２を介して直流電源１１に接続された構成
とする。インバータ１２Ａ，１２Ｂにはそれぞれ独立の
制御回路Ｃ１，Ｃ２を持ち、その中には、故障検出機構
Ｆ１，Ｆ２を持つ。インバータ１２Ａ，１２Ｂ，制御回
路Ｃ１，Ｃ２，故障検出機構Ｆ１，Ｆ２は駆動制御装置
１９Ａ，１９Ｂを構成する。Independent stator windings 5A, 5 in the stator 1
B having a common rotor 2 for the stator windings 5A and 5B
have. The independent stator windings 5A and 5B are connected to the independent inverters 12A and 12B, respectively, and are connected to the DC power supply 11 via the switches SW1 and SW2. The inverters 12A and 12B have independent control circuits C1 and C2, respectively, and have failure detection mechanisms F1 and F2 therein. The inverters 12A and 12B, the control circuits C1 and C2, and the failure detection mechanisms F1 and F2 form drive control devices 19A and 19B.
【００１２】電動機は誘導電動機でも良いが、ここでは
突極性をもった２極の永久磁石電動機の例で示す。永久
磁石電動機の回転子２は固定子１側の固定子鉄心４内側
に空隙を介して配置される。回転子２はその外周面に永
久磁石８と、永久磁石８より高い透磁率を有する磁性体
２０（以下、補助磁極と称す）とが配置された構造とし
ている。一般に永久磁石８と補助磁極２０との分割比は
永久磁石８の方が補助磁極２０より大となるように選択
する。また、補助磁極２０の周方向幅は１個の永久磁石
８の例えばＮ極の周方向幅より小さくする、これによっ
て、永久磁石８の磁束量が確保でき、特性は安定する。
なお、補助磁極２０とヨーク７は共に高透磁率磁性体で
あることから、同１磁性材質、例えば、珪素鋼板等によ
って一体に作ることができる。なお、一極は図示のよう
に二つの永久磁石８と一つの補助磁極２０とで構成され
る。この補助磁極２０を設けることによって突極性を生
じさせることができる。また必要によっては、回転子２
の外周にステンレス材による図示しないが、保持リング
等（図示せず）を設ける構成とすることもできる。ま
た、回転子２は機械的に車両の車輪に接続して車両を駆
動する構成とする。The electric motor may be an induction motor, but here, an example of a two-pole permanent magnet electric motor having saliency is shown. The rotor 2 of the permanent magnet motor is arranged inside the stator core 4 on the side of the stator 1 with a gap. The rotor 2 has a structure in which a permanent magnet 8 and a magnetic body 20 (hereinafter referred to as an auxiliary magnetic pole) having a magnetic permeability higher than that of the permanent magnet 8 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface thereof. Generally, the division ratio of the permanent magnet 8 and the auxiliary magnetic pole 20 is selected so that the permanent magnet 8 is larger than the auxiliary magnetic pole 20. Further, the circumferential width of the auxiliary magnetic pole 20 is made smaller than the circumferential width of, for example, the N pole of one permanent magnet 8, whereby the amount of magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 8 can be secured and the characteristics are stabilized.
Since the auxiliary magnetic pole 20 and the yoke 7 are both high-permeability magnetic materials, they can be integrally made of the same magnetic material, for example, a silicon steel plate. One pole is composed of two permanent magnets 8 and one auxiliary pole 20 as shown in the figure. By providing this auxiliary magnetic pole 20, it is possible to generate a salient pole. If necessary, the rotor 2
Although not shown, a holding ring or the like (not shown) made of a stainless material may be provided on the outer circumference of the. The rotor 2 is mechanically connected to the wheels of the vehicle to drive the vehicle.
【００１３】図２に本発明の永久磁石電動機の断面構造
図を示す。FIG. 2 shows a sectional structural view of the permanent magnet motor of the present invention.
【００１４】固定子１はハウジング３と、このハウジン
グ３の内周面に固定された固定子鉄心４と、この固定子
鉄心４に巻き回された多相の固定子巻線５とからなる。
回転子２は図１で示した構成の永久磁石８と補助磁極２
０とからなり、さらに、シャフト６やヨーク７とで構成
される。また、シャフト６はベアリング１０，エンドブ
ラケット１１によって固定子１に回転自在に保持する。
ここで、ＰＳは回転子２の永久磁石磁極の位置を検出す
る位置検出器を、Ｅは電動機の位置を検出するエンコー
ダである。The stator 1 comprises a housing 3, a stator core 4 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 3, and a multi-phase stator winding 5 wound around the stator core 4.
The rotor 2 is composed of the permanent magnet 8 and the auxiliary magnetic pole 2 shown in FIG.
0, and further comprises a shaft 6 and a yoke 7. The shaft 6 is rotatably held on the stator 1 by a bearing 10 and an end bracket 11.
Here, PS is a position detector that detects the position of the permanent magnet magnetic poles of the rotor 2, and E is an encoder that detects the position of the electric motor.
【００１５】図３に本発明の駆動電動機の巻線を示す。FIG. 3 shows the windings of the drive motor of the present invention.
【００１６】図３において、固定子鉄心４はヨーク部４
ａ，鉄心歯部４ｂからなり、鉄心歯部４ｂ間には固定子
巻線５を収納する巻線溝４ｃが設けられる。ここでは、
特に、２極構造，２４の巻線溝，３相の電動機の例で示
した。従って、毎極毎相あたりの巻線溝数は４となり、
図で示すようにＵ相，Ｖ相，Ｗ相の固定子巻線５がそれ
ぞれ配置される。ここで、固定子巻線５のＵ＋とはＵ−
とで一つの固定子巻線５を構成する。Ｖ，Ｗ相の固定子
巻線５も同様である。別個の巻線溝に挿入された二つの
固定子巻線５を直列に接続して一つの相を形成し、それ
がＵ相，Ｖ相，Ｗ相の固定子巻線５をスター結線して一
つの独立の固定子巻線５を構成する。添字の１と２とは
それぞれ独立してスター結線される固定子巻線５を指し
ている。以上示した構成では明らかに独立した固定子巻
線５は電気角で３０度の位相差を持つ。In FIG. 3, the stator core 4 is a yoke portion 4
a, an iron core tooth portion 4b, and a winding groove 4c for housing the stator winding 5 is provided between the iron core tooth portions 4b. here,
In particular, an example of a 2-pole structure, 24 winding grooves, and a 3-phase motor is shown. Therefore, the number of winding grooves per pole and phase is 4,
As shown, U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase stator windings 5 are arranged. Here, U + of the stator winding 5 is U−
And constitute one stator winding 5. The same applies to the V and W phase stator windings 5. Two stator windings 5 inserted in separate winding grooves are connected in series to form one phase, which is a star connection of the U-phase, V-phase and W-phase stator windings 5. One independent stator winding 5 is constructed. The subscripts 1 and 2 refer to the stator windings 5 that are star-connected independently. In the configuration described above, the independent stator windings 5 have a phase difference of 30 degrees in electrical angle.
【００１７】図４に図１の車両駆動装置を構成する二つ
の駆動制御装置１９Ａ，１９Ｂの構成及び制御を示す。FIG. 4 shows the configuration and control of two drive control devices 19A and 19B that constitute the vehicle drive device of FIG.
【００１８】図において、直流電源１１よりインバータ
１２を介して固定子１の電機子巻線５に電力を供給す
る。速度制御回路（ＡＳＲ）１３では、速度指令ωｓ
と、エンコーダＥよりの位置情報θからＦ／Ｖ変換器１
７を介して得られる実際の速度ωｆとから速度差ωｅを
算出し、これにＰＩ制御（Ｐ：比例項，Ｉ：積分項）等
によってトルク指令すなわち電流指令Ｉｓと必要に応じ
て位相シフト指令θ１を出力する。この速度制御は二つ
の制御回路Ｃ１，Ｃ２に共通の制御であり、どちらかが
もてば良い。以下の機能はそれぞれの制御回路Ｃ１，Ｃ
２で独立に持つ必要がある。In the figure, electric power is supplied from a DC power supply 11 to an armature winding 5 of a stator 1 via an inverter 12. In the speed control circuit (ASR) 13, the speed command ωs
And the position information θ from the encoder E to the F / V converter 1
The speed difference ωe is calculated from the actual speed ωf obtained via 7 and the torque command, that is, the current command Is and the phase shift command as necessary are calculated by PI control (P: proportional term, I: integral term). Output θ1. This speed control is a control common to the two control circuits C1 and C2, and it suffices for either one to have control. The following functions are for each control circuit C1, C
You need to have 2 independently.
【００１９】一方、正弦波，余弦波発生器１４では、回
転子２の永久磁石磁極の位置を検出する位置検出器ＰＳ
とエンコーダＥよりのパルスすなわち回転子の位置情報
θあるいは位相シフト指令θ１などから、固定子巻線５
の各巻線（ここでは３相）の誘起電圧と同相の正弦波出
力、あるいは必要に応じて位相シフトした正弦波出力を
発生する。２相−３相変換回路１６においては、電流指
令Ｉｓと正弦波，余弦波発生器１４の出力に応じて各相
に電流指令Ｉｓａ，Ｉｓｂ，Ｉｓｃを出力する。各相は
それぞれ個別に電流制御系（ＡＣＲ）１５を持ち、電流
指令Ｉｓａ，Ｉｓｂ，Ｉｓｃと電流検出器ＣＴからの電
流検出信号Ｉｆａ，Ｉｆｂ，Ｉｆｃに応じた信号をイン
バータ１２に送って各相電流を制御する。この場合、各
相合成の電流は界磁磁束に直角、あるいは位相シフトし
た位置に常に形成され、これによって無整流子で、かつ
直流機と同等の特性を得ることができる。On the other hand, in the sine wave and cosine wave generator 14, a position detector PS for detecting the position of the permanent magnet magnetic pole of the rotor 2 is used.
And the pulse from the encoder E, that is, the rotor position information θ or the phase shift command θ1,
A sine wave output having the same phase as the induced voltage of each winding (here, three phases) or a sine wave output that is phase-shifted if necessary is generated. The 2-phase / 3-phase conversion circuit 16 outputs the current commands Isa, Isb, Isc to each phase according to the current command Is and the output of the sine wave / cosine wave generator 14. Each phase has its own current control system (ACR) 15, and sends signals corresponding to the current commands Isa, Isb, Isc and the current detection signals Ifa, Ifb, Ifc from the current detector CT to the inverter 12 to send each phase. Control the current. In this case, the combined current of each phase is always formed at a position perpendicular to the field magnetic flux or at a position shifted in phase, so that it is possible to obtain the same characteristics as a DC machine without a commutator.
【００２０】図５には、界磁磁束に直角、つまり誘起電
圧に対して同相に制御した場合の２相−３相変換回路１
６の出力信号と、電流指令出力信号を示す。各相には電
気角で１２０度の位相差を有する正弦波信号を出力す
る。また、この電流指令は、必要に応じて誘起電圧に対
して位相シフトさせることができる。FIG. 5 shows a two-phase to three-phase conversion circuit 1 in the case where control is performed at right angles to the field magnetic flux, that is, in phase with the induced voltage.
6 shows the output signal of 6 and the current command output signal. A sine wave signal having a phase difference of 120 degrees in electrical angle is output to each phase. Further, this current command can be phase-shifted with respect to the induced voltage as needed.
【００２１】図６（ａ）は、界磁磁束φｍに対して強め
る方向に位相シフトしたときのベクトル図で、二つの駆
動制御回路１９Ａ，１９Ｂによって固定子巻線５に流れ
る電流により生じる合成結果で示す。Ｉｑ成分は誘起電
圧と同相の成分を示すものである。一方、Ｉｄ成分は誘
起電圧と直交成分つまり界磁磁束φｍと同一方向であ
る。ここで各相電流成分のｄ軸成分であるＩｄは補助磁
極２０方向に向き、かつこの方向の磁気的な抵抗は補助
磁極２０の磁気抵抗がほぼゼロであるために空隙長のみ
となってかなり小さくなり、大きな磁束φａを発生する
ことができる。一方、ｑ軸にも各相電流成分のｑ軸成分
によって発生する磁束が当然発生する筈であるが、ｑ軸
の磁気的な抵抗は永久磁石８の透磁率が空気と同じ１で
あることから磁気抵抗は非常に大きく、この磁束は、永
久磁石の界磁磁束φｍ，補助磁極２０による磁束φａに
比較して非常に小さいために無視できる。ここで、永久
磁石の界磁磁束φｍと補助磁極２０による磁束φａとが
合成して、全体の磁束にφｔを作る。全体の磁束φｔの
大きさは、ｄ軸成分の電流Ｉｄの値、つまり全電流Ｉｍ
と位相シフト量θ１によってきまる。FIG. 6 (a) is a vector diagram when the phase is shifted in the direction of strengthening with respect to the field magnetic flux φm, and the synthetic result generated by the current flowing through the stator winding 5 by the two drive control circuits 19A and 19B. Indicate. The Iq component indicates a component in phase with the induced voltage. On the other hand, the Id component is in the same direction as the component orthogonal to the induced voltage, that is, the field magnetic flux φm. Here, Id, which is the d-axis component of each phase current component, is oriented in the direction of the auxiliary magnetic pole 20, and the magnetic resistance in this direction is only the air gap length because the magnetic resistance of the auxiliary magnetic pole 20 is almost zero. It becomes smaller and a large magnetic flux φa can be generated. On the other hand, a magnetic flux generated by the q-axis component of each phase current component should be naturally generated in the q-axis, but the magnetic resistance of the q-axis is 1 because the permeability of the permanent magnet 8 is the same as that of air. The magnetic resistance is very large, and this magnetic flux is very small compared to the field magnetic flux φm of the permanent magnet and the magnetic flux φa of the auxiliary magnetic pole 20, and can be ignored. Here, the field magnetic flux φm of the permanent magnet and the magnetic flux φa generated by the auxiliary magnetic pole 20 are combined to produce φt in the entire magnetic flux. The magnitude of the entire magnetic flux φt is the value of the current Id of the d-axis component, that is, the total current Im.
And the phase shift amount θ1.
【００２２】同様に弱める方向に位相シフトすることも
できる。各相電流成分のｄ軸成分であるＩｄは補助磁極
２０の方向で磁束が永久磁石８の磁束を減らす方向に向
かわせる。すると、この方向の磁気的な抵抗は図５と逆
方向に前述と同様の原理によって、大きな磁束φａを発
生することができる。そこで、永久磁石８の界磁磁束φ
ｍと補助磁極２０による磁束φａとの合成の磁束φｔは
永久磁石８の界磁磁束φｍよりはるかに小さくなるまで
弱めることができる。Similarly, the phase can be shifted in the weakening direction. Id, which is the d-axis component of each phase current component, causes the magnetic flux in the direction of the auxiliary magnetic pole 20 to decrease in the permanent magnet 8. Then, the magnetic resistance in this direction can generate a large magnetic flux φa in the direction opposite to that of FIG. 5 according to the same principle as described above. Therefore, the field magnetic flux φ of the permanent magnet 8
The combined magnetic flux φt of m and the magnetic flux φa generated by the auxiliary magnetic pole 20 can be weakened until it becomes much smaller than the field magnetic flux φm of the permanent magnet 8.
【００２３】図６（ｂ）に永久磁石のみの電動機の特性
と突極性電動機の特性との比較を示す。永久磁石のみの
電動機では界磁磁束が一定であるために図示のように直
流分巻モータと同じ特性を有する。この特性では、高速
にモータを回転することができない。一方突極性電動機
においては同一のモータ電流に対して低速時には大きな
トルクを発生できると共に、高速時には弱め界磁制御に
よって、その運転領域を拡大することができる。すなわ
ち、低速時では強め界磁制御によって大きなトルクを効
率良く得ることができ、かつ高速時には弱め界磁制御に
よって高速域まで回転可能にする、つまり直巻特性を得
ることができる。FIG. 6 (b) shows a comparison between the characteristics of the motor having only permanent magnets and the characteristics of the salient pole motor. Since the electric field magnetic flux is constant in the electric motor having only permanent magnets, it has the same characteristics as the DC shunt winding motor as shown in the figure. With this characteristic, the motor cannot be rotated at high speed. On the other hand, in the saliency electric motor, a large torque can be generated at a low speed with respect to the same motor current, and at the time of a high speed, the field-weakening control can expand the operating range. That is, at low speeds, a large torque can be efficiently obtained by the strong field control, and at high speeds, it is possible to rotate up to the high speed range by the field weakening control, that is, a series winding characteristic can be obtained.
【００２４】上記説明のように、複数の独立した多相固
定子巻線５を有する固定子鉄心４とその空隙面に回転子
２とを備えた駆動電動機と、複数の独立した多相固定子
巻線５に接続されると共に、故障検出機構Ｆ１，Ｆ２を
持った複数の駆動制御装置１９Ａ，１９Ｂとを備えるこ
とによって、車両駆動装置として二つの駆動部を持つこ
とができるために制御部の故障、あるいは電動機の固定
子巻線５の一つの断線等による故障時にも駆動力を確保
できる。かつ、電動機は同一のハウジングの中に複数の
独立した多相固定子巻線５を有する構成としているため
に、電動機の体格の増加や、出力減少を伴わずにフェー
ルセイフ機能を持つことができる。この時に必要に応じ
て故障したインバータ１２Ａ,１２ＢをスイッチＳＷ１,
ＳＷ２によって直流電源１１より切り離せば良い。As described above, a drive motor having a stator core 4 having a plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings 5 and a rotor 2 in the void surface thereof, and a plurality of independent multi-phase stators. By providing a plurality of drive control devices 19A and 19B that are connected to the winding wire 5 and that have failure detection mechanisms F1 and F2, it is possible to have two drive units as a vehicle drive device The driving force can be secured even in the case of a failure or a failure due to one of the stator windings 5 of the electric motor. In addition, since the electric motor is configured to have a plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings 5 in the same housing, it is possible to have a fail-safe function without increasing the physique of the electric motor and reducing the output. . At this time, if necessary, replace the failed inverters 12A, 12B with the switch SW1,
It may be separated from the DC power supply 11 by SW2.
【００２５】なお、以上は固定子巻線５として、電気角
で３０度の位相差を有する場合について述べるが、トル
クむらが許容できれば、図１，図４で示した制御回路Ｃ
１，Ｃ２はインバータ１２Ａ，１２Ｂの共通のものが一
つ存在すれば良く、つまり共通のパルスによってインバ
ータ１２Ａ，１２Ｂを駆動でき、制御構成が非常に簡単
となる。さらに固定子巻線５を同相に巻回する構成とす
ることによって、二つの固定子巻線５の合成値を検出す
る一組の電流検出器で制御することができ、制御構成が
非常に簡単となる。The stator winding 5 having a phase difference of 30 degrees in electrical angle has been described above. However, if torque unevenness can be tolerated, the control circuit C shown in FIGS.
It suffices that there is one common inverter 12A, 12B for C1 and C2, that is, the inverters 12A, 12B can be driven by a common pulse, and the control configuration is very simple. Furthermore, by adopting a configuration in which the stator windings 5 are wound in the same phase, it is possible to control with a set of current detectors that detect the combined value of the two stator windings 5, and the control configuration is very simple. Becomes
【００２６】また、永久磁石電動機装置としては電気的
に３０度位相の異なる独立した二つの３相固定子巻線５
を有することによって、電気自動車として好適な直巻特
性を持つと共にトルクむらの少ない電動機とすることが
できる。Further, as the permanent magnet motor device, two independent three-phase stator windings 5 electrically different in phase by 30 degrees are used.
By having the above, it is possible to obtain an electric motor having a series winding characteristic suitable for an electric vehicle and having less torque unevenness.
【００２７】図７に本発明の他の実施例を示す。電動機
として分割鉄心の固定子鉄心を使用した例を示す。分割
された固定子鉄心４には独立の固定子巻線５が施され
る。そして各固定子巻線５には図１で示したように独立
のインバータ１２Ａ，１２Ｂに接続される。一般には分
割固定子鉄心４を使用すると分割された固定子鉄心４に
巻回された固定子巻線５間の接続が必要となる。図７で
示した実施例ではそれぞれ独立のインバータ１２Ａ，１
２Ｂに接続するためにこのようなわずらわしさが無く、
分割固定子鉄心４の利点である製造の容易さ、あるいは
円形とする必要が無いために使用材料が少なくなる。特
に永久磁石回転子では回転子側に積層の鉄心が不要であ
ることから使用鉄心材料が少なくなる等の利点を有す
る。FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention. An example of using a stator core having a split core as an electric motor will be shown. An independent stator winding 5 is applied to the divided stator core 4. Each stator winding 5 is connected to independent inverters 12A and 12B as shown in FIG. Generally, when the split stator core 4 is used, it is necessary to connect the stator windings 5 wound around the split stator core 4. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, independent inverters 12A and 1A are provided.
There is no such troublesomeness to connect to 2B,
The material of the split stator core 4 is reduced because it is easy to manufacture, which is an advantage of the split stator core 4, or because it is not necessary to make it circular. In particular, the permanent magnet rotor has an advantage that the number of iron core materials used is reduced because a laminated iron core is not required on the rotor side.
【００２８】永久磁石電動機装置としては、図３で示し
たような電気的に３０度位相の異なる独立した二つの３
相固定子巻線５を有する固定子鉄心４とその空隙面に前
記独立した二つの複数の３相固定子巻線５に共通に作用
する永久磁石回転子とを備えた駆動電動機と、二つの独
立した３相固定子巻線５に接続される複数の駆動制御装
置１９Ａ，１９Ｂとを備える構成とする。これによっ
て、トルクむらの少ない永久磁石電動機装置とすること
ができる。また、永久磁石電動機装置としては、二つの
独立した３相固定子巻線５に接続される複数の駆動制御
装置１９Ａ，19Ｂとして１２０度通電方式の駆動制御装
置１９Ａ，１９Ｂを備えた場合にその効果が最も良く発
揮できる。それは、１２０度通電方式では永久磁石電動
機のトルクむらが大きく、そのために、本発明の採用に
よるトルクむらの改善効果が非常に大きい利点がある。As the permanent magnet motor device, there are two independent three motors which are electrically different in phase by 30 degrees as shown in FIG.
A drive motor provided with a stator core 4 having a phase stator winding 5 and a permanent magnet rotor acting in common on the two independent plurality of three-phase stator windings 5 on the void surface thereof; A plurality of drive control devices 19A and 19B connected to independent three-phase stator windings 5 are provided. As a result, a permanent magnet motor device with less torque unevenness can be obtained. Further, as the permanent magnet motor device, when a plurality of drive control devices 19A and 19B connected to two independent three-phase stator windings 5 are provided with drive control devices 19A and 19B of 120-degree energization method, The best effect can be achieved. The 120-degree energization method has a large torque unevenness of the permanent magnet electric motor, and therefore, there is an advantage that the effect of improving the torque unevenness by adopting the present invention is very large.
【００２９】また、永久磁石電動機として、図１，図６
（ａ）で示したように突極磁極形状の永久磁石回転子２
を持ち、１２０度通電方式の駆動制御装置１９Ａ，１９
Ｂを備えた場合にその効果が最も良く発揮できる。１２
０度通電方式での永久磁石電動機のトルクむらの大きい
ことに加え、突極磁極形状の永久磁石回転子２を持つこ
とによってさらにそのトルクむらは大きくなる。そのう
え、永久磁石回転子２の磁極位置検出器ＰＳの検出誤差
等があると、逆トルク発生領域ができ、最悪の場合には
起動しない領域ができる。本発明の効果により、この構
成でもトルクむらが少なく、かつ、突極磁極形状の永久
磁石回転子２の持つ高トルクの永久磁石電動機装置とす
ることができる。Further, as a permanent magnet motor, as shown in FIGS.
As shown in (a), the permanent magnet rotor 2 has a salient pole shape.
And a drive control device 19A, 19 of 120 degree energization method
When B is provided, the effect can be best exhibited. 12
In addition to the large torque unevenness of the permanent magnet electric motor in the 0-degree conduction system, the torque unevenness is further increased by having the permanent magnet rotor 2 having the salient pole magnetic pole shape. Moreover, if there is a detection error or the like of the magnetic pole position detector PS of the permanent magnet rotor 2, a reverse torque generation region is created, and in the worst case, a region where it is not activated is created. According to the effects of the present invention, even with this configuration, it is possible to obtain a high-torque permanent magnet electric motor device having less torque unevenness and having the salient pole magnetic pole-shaped permanent magnet rotor 2.
【００３０】以上、前記実施例においては、本発明を回
転型のモータ駆動の適用した場合について示したが、永
久磁石電動機装置としてはリニアモータ駆動にも適用す
ることができる。また、多相の各巻線がラップしない集
中巻構成の固定子構造を持つ永久磁石電動機装置の場合
にも適用できる。In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to the rotary type motor drive, but the present invention can be applied to the linear motor drive as the permanent magnet motor device. Further, the present invention can also be applied to the case of a permanent magnet motor device having a stator structure of a concentrated winding structure in which multi-phase windings do not wrap.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の効果】車両用駆動装置として、複数の独立した
多相固定子巻線を有する固定子鉄心とその空隙面に回転
子とを備えた駆動電動機と、複数の独立した多相固定子
巻線に接続されると共に、故障検出機構を持った複数の
駆動制御装置とを備える。As a vehicle drive device, a drive motor having a stator core having a plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings and a rotor in the air gap surface, and a plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings. A plurality of drive control devices each having a failure detection mechanism are connected to the line.
【００３２】さらに、永久磁石電動機装置として電気的
に３０度位相の異なる独立した二つの３相固定子巻線を
有する固定子鉄心とその空隙面に前記独立した二つの複
数の３相固定子巻線に共通に作用する永久磁石回転子と
を備えた駆動電動機と、二つの独立した３相固定子巻線
に接続される複数の駆動制御装置とを備える。Further, as a permanent magnet motor device, a stator iron core having two independent three-phase stator windings electrically different in phase by 30 degrees and two independent three-phase stator windings on the void surface thereof are provided. A drive motor having a permanent magnet rotor acting in common on the wire and a plurality of drive controllers connected to two independent three-phase stator windings.
【００３３】以上の構成によれば、車両駆動装置として
二つの駆動部をもつことができるために制御部の故障、
あるいは電動機の固定子巻線の一つの断線等による故障
時にも駆動力を確保できる。かつ、電動機は同一のハウ
ジングの中に複数の独立した多相固定子巻線を有する構
成としているために、電動機の体格の増加や、出力減少
を伴わずにフェールセイフ機能を持つことができる。According to the above structure, since the vehicle drive unit can have two drive units, the control unit fails,
Alternatively, the driving force can be secured even when a failure occurs due to one wire breakage of the stator winding of the electric motor. In addition, since the electric motor is configured to have a plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings in the same housing, it is possible to have a fail-safe function without increasing the physique of the electric motor and reducing the output.
【００３４】また、永久磁石電動機装置としては電気的
に３０度位相の異なる独立した二つの３相固定子巻線を
有することによって、電気自動車として好適な直巻特性
を持つと共にトルクむらの少ない電動機とすることがで
きる。Further, since the permanent magnet motor device has two independent three-phase stator windings electrically different in phase by 30 degrees, the motor has a series winding characteristic suitable for an electric vehicle and less torque unevenness. Can be
【図１】本発明の車両用駆動装置の構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle drive device of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の駆動電動機の断面構造図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional structural view of a drive motor of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の駆動電動機の巻線を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing windings of the drive motor of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の駆動電動機の制御装置の制御構成を示
す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a control configuration of a drive motor control device of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の制御装置の制御構成の動作を示す図で
ある。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an operation of a control configuration of a control device of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の駆動電動機の動作説明図である。FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view of the drive motor of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の他の実施例を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
１…固定子、２…回転子、３…ハウジング、４…固定子
鉄心、５…固定子巻線、６…シャフト、７…ヨーク、８
…永久磁石、９…エンドブラケット、１０…ベアリン
グ、１１…直流電源、１２…インバータ、１３…速度制
御回路、１４…正弦波，余弦波発生器、１５…電流制御
系、１６…２相−３相変換回路、１７…Ｆ／Ｖ変換器、
１８…位相シフト回路、１９…駆動制御装置、２０…補
助磁極、Ｃ…制御回路、Ｆ…故障検出機構、ＳＷ…スイ
ッチ、ＰＳ…位置検出器、Ｅ…エンコーダ。1 ... Stator, 2 ... Rotor, 3 ... Housing, 4 ... Stator core, 5 ... Stator winding, 6 ... Shaft, 7 ... Yoke, 8
... Permanent magnets, 9 ... End brackets, 10 ... Bearings, 11 ... DC power supply, 12 ... Inverter, 13 ... Speed control circuit, 14 ... Sine wave, cosine wave generator, 15 ... Current control system, 16 ... 2 phase-3 Phase conversion circuit, 17 ... F / V converter,
18 ... Phase shift circuit, 19 ... Drive control device, 20 ... Auxiliary magnetic pole, C ... Control circuit, F ... Failure detection mechanism, SW ... Switch, PS ... Position detector, E ... Encoder.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 小泉 修 茨城県勝田市大字高場2520番地 株式会社 日立製作所自動車機器事業部内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Osamu Koizumi 2520 Takaba, Katsuta City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi Ltd. Automotive Equipment Division
Claims (11)
定子鉄心とその空隙面に回転子とを備えた駆動電動機
と、複数の独立した多相固定子巻線に接続されると共
に、故障検出機構を持った複数の駆動制御装置とを備え
たことを特徴とする車両用駆動装置。1. A drive motor having a stator core having a plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings and a rotor on its air gap, and a drive motor connected to the plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings. A drive device for a vehicle, comprising: a plurality of drive control devices having a failure detection mechanism.
相固定子巻線に接続された複数の駆動制御装置が共通の
駆動パルスによって制御されることを特徴とする車両用
駆動装置。2. The vehicle drive device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of drive control devices connected to the plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings are controlled by a common drive pulse.
の独立した多相固定子巻線に接続された複数の駆動制御
装置が共通の駆動パルスによって制御される車両用駆動
装置補助磁極と永久磁石との空隙長を異ならしめたこと
を特徴とする永久磁石電動機装置。3. The vehicle drive device auxiliary magnetic pole and permanent magnet according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of drive control devices connected to a plurality of independent multiphase stator windings having different phases are controlled by a common drive pulse. A permanent magnet motor device characterized in that the gap length with the magnet is different.
され、独立した多相固定子巻線を有する複数の分割固定
子鉄心とその空隙面に回転子とを備えた駆動電動機と、
複数の独立した多相固定子巻線に接続されると共に、故
障検出機構を持った複数の駆動制御装置とを備えたこと
を特徴とする車両用駆動装置。4. A drive electric motor according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of split stator cores arranged in a frame and having independent multi-phase stator windings, and a rotor in the void surface thereof.
A vehicle drive device comprising: a plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings and a plurality of drive control devices having a failure detection mechanism.
の信号によって駆動電源から駆動制御装置を分離させる
機能を備えたことを特徴とする車両用駆動装置。5. The vehicle drive device according to claim 1, further comprising a function of separating the drive control device from the drive power supply by a signal from the failure detection mechanism.
相固定子巻線を有する固定子鉄心とその空隙面に回転子
とを備えた駆動電動機として同期電動機を用いたことを
特徴とする車両用駆動装置。6. The synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein a synchronous motor is used as a drive motor having a stator core having a plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings and a rotor in the air gap surface. Vehicle drive unit.
相固定子巻線を有する固定子鉄心とその空隙面に回転子
とを備えた駆動電動機として誘導電動機を用いたことを
特徴とする車両用駆動装置。7. The induction motor according to claim 1, wherein an induction motor is used as a drive motor provided with a stator core having a plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings and a rotor on the void surface thereof. Vehicle drive unit.
相固定子巻線に接続された複数の駆動制御装置を制御す
る共通の電流検出器を備えたことを特徴とする車両用駆
動装置。8. A vehicle drive unit according to claim 1, further comprising a common current detector for controlling a plurality of drive control units connected to a plurality of independent multi-phase stator windings. .
の３相固定子巻線を有する固定子鉄心とその空隙面に前
記独立した二つの複数の３相固定子巻線に共通に作用す
る永久磁石回転子とを備えた駆動電動機と、二つの独立
した３相固定子巻線に接続される複数の駆動制御装置と
を備えたことを特徴とする永久磁石電動機装置。9. A stator core having two independent three-phase stator windings electrically different in phase by 30 degrees and a common action for the two plurality of independent three-phase stator windings on the void surface thereof. And a plurality of drive control devices connected to two independent three-phase stator windings, and a permanent magnet motor device.
３相固定子巻線に接続される複数の駆動制御装置として
１２０度通電方式の駆動制御装置を備えたことを特徴と
する永久磁石電動機装置。10. The permanent magnet electric motor according to claim 9, further comprising a drive controller of 120-degree conduction type as a plurality of drive controllers connected to two independent three-phase stator windings. apparatus.
複数の３相固定子巻線に共通に作用する永久磁石回転子
として突極磁極形状の永久磁石回転子を備えたことを特
徴とする永久磁石電動機装置。11. The permanent magnet rotor according to claim 9, wherein the permanent magnet rotor is a salient pole magnetic pole rotor as a permanent magnet rotor commonly acting on two independent plural three-phase stator windings. Permanent magnet motor device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5056781A JPH06276778A (en) | 1993-03-17 | 1993-03-17 | Apparatus for driving vehicle and permanent magnet motor apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5056781A JPH06276778A (en) | 1993-03-17 | 1993-03-17 | Apparatus for driving vehicle and permanent magnet motor apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06276778A true JPH06276778A (en) | 1994-09-30 |
Family
ID=13036977
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5056781A Pending JPH06276778A (en) | 1993-03-17 | 1993-03-17 | Apparatus for driving vehicle and permanent magnet motor apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06276778A (en) |
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| EP1296443A2 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2003-03-26 | Parker Hannifin Corporation | Motor driver and system |
| JP2003102189A (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-04 | Shinko Electric Co Ltd | Ac servomotor drive unit |
| JP2005312234A (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2005-11-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Electric power supply device and electric vehicle |
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| WO2006131210A1 (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Electric drive system |
| JP2009060748A (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-19 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial System Corp | Three-phase ac motor system, drive unit for the three-phase ac motor system and control method therefor |
| JP2010011575A (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-01-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Vehicle motor control apparatus |
| JP2011223788A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2011-11-04 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial System Corp | Motor drive device |
| WO2010110483A3 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2011-11-24 | Moog Japan Ltd. | Electric motor system |
| JP2013034280A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2013-02-14 | Denso Corp | Three-phase rotary machine control device |
| JP2014011867A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-20 | Aida Engineering Ltd | Control device for permanent magnet motor |
| CN107332380A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-07 | 常州易尔泰智能传动技术有限公司 | A kind of motor with redundant backup function |
-
1993
- 1993-03-17 JP JP5056781A patent/JPH06276778A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1296443A3 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2004-01-14 | Parker Hannifin Corporation | Motor driver and system |
| US6815920B2 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2004-11-09 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Motor driver and system with phase-spaced redundancy |
| EP1296443A2 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2003-03-26 | Parker Hannifin Corporation | Motor driver and system |
| JP2003102189A (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-04 | Shinko Electric Co Ltd | Ac servomotor drive unit |
| JP4513395B2 (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2010-07-28 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Electric power source device and electric vehicle |
| JP2005312234A (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2005-11-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Electric power supply device and electric vehicle |
| JP2006203957A (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-08-03 | Denso Corp | Turbocharger assisting motor |
| WO2006131210A1 (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Electric drive system |
| US7701154B2 (en) | 2005-06-10 | 2010-04-20 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Electric drive system |
| JP2009060748A (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-19 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial System Corp | Three-phase ac motor system, drive unit for the three-phase ac motor system and control method therefor |
| JP2010011575A (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-01-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Vehicle motor control apparatus |
| US7928676B2 (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2011-04-19 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Vehicle motor control apparatus |
| WO2010110483A3 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2011-11-24 | Moog Japan Ltd. | Electric motor system |
| CN102625977A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2012-08-01 | 日本穆格股份有限公司 | Electric motor system |
| JP2011223788A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2011-11-04 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial System Corp | Motor drive device |
| JP2013034280A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2013-02-14 | Denso Corp | Three-phase rotary machine control device |
| JP2014011867A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-20 | Aida Engineering Ltd | Control device for permanent magnet motor |
| CN107332380A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-07 | 常州易尔泰智能传动技术有限公司 | A kind of motor with redundant backup function |
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