JPH0625922Y2 - Arrangement Structure of External Sealing Electrodes in Lightning Arrester - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ この考案は、例えば雷撃によって送電線に雷サージ電流
が流れたとき、それを速やかに大地に放電し、送電線の
雷サージ電位上昇を抑制することにより、雷サージに起
因する閃絡あるいは地絡事故による停電を未然に防止し
て送電を可能にする避雷器における外部封止電極の配置
構造に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] This invention suppresses an increase in the lightning surge potential of a transmission line by promptly discharging it to the ground when a lightning surge current flows through the transmission line due to a lightning stroke, for example. By doing so, the present invention relates to an arrangement structure of external sealing electrodes in a lightning arrester that enables power transmission by preventing a power failure due to a flashover or a ground fault accident caused by a lightning surge.

［従来の技術］ 従来の避雷器として、第８図に示すように、磁器碍管４
１内に酸化亜鉛を主材とする避雷素子４２を内蔵し、そ
の上下両端部に電極板４３を接触させ、さらに、磁器碍
管４１の端部を内部封止電極４４及び外部封止電極４５
により封止するとともに、両封止電極４４，４５の間に
バネ４６を介装し、前記外部封止電極４５の外側円筒部
４５ａを磁器碍管４１の外周面にカシメ付けしている。[Prior Art] As a conventional lightning arrester, as shown in FIG.
1. A lightning protection element 42 whose main material is zinc oxide is built in 1, the upper and lower ends thereof are brought into contact with electrode plates 43, and the ends of the porcelain porcelain tube 41 are further connected to an internal sealing electrode 44 and an external sealing electrode 45.
The outer cylindrical portion 45a of the external sealing electrode 45 is caulked to the outer peripheral surface of the porcelain porcelain tube 41 by sealing with a spring 46 between the both sealing electrodes 44 and 45.

［考案が解決しようとする課題］ ところが、この従来構成においては、外部封止電極４５
の外側円筒部４５ａの先端縁４５ｂが避雷素子４２と電
極板４３との接触界面の高さ位置から所定距離Ｈだけ離
隔する位置に配置されていたので、第８図に鎖線で示す
ように避雷素子４２外部の電気力線Ｅが斜め上方に走
り、この結果、避雷素子４２と電極板４３との外周界面
付近Ｐにおける電界密度が高まり、電界が集中するとい
う問題があった。この電界が集中すると、該集中部から
局部放電が生じ易く、避雷素子４２の制限電圧を低下さ
せ実線路に使用した場合、放電特性が低下するという問
題があった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in this conventional configuration, the external sealing electrode 45 is used.
Since the tip end edge 45b of the outer cylindrical portion 45a of the above is arranged at a position separated from the height position of the contact interface between the lightning protection element 42 and the electrode plate 43 by a predetermined distance H, as shown by the chain line in FIG. The electric force line E outside the element 42 runs obliquely upward, and as a result, the electric field density near the outer peripheral interface P between the lightning protection element 42 and the electrode plate 43 increases, and the electric field is concentrated. When this electric field is concentrated, a local discharge is likely to occur from the concentrated part, and there is a problem that the discharge characteristic is deteriorated when the lightning protection element 42 is used for a real line by lowering the limiting voltage.

この考案は、このような従来の技術に存在する問題点に
着目してなされたものであって、避雷素子と導電部材と
の界面付近の電界を緩和して、放電特性を向上すること
ができる避雷器における外部封止電極の配置構造を提供
することを目的としている。The present invention has been made by paying attention to the problems existing in such a conventional technique, and it is possible to alleviate the electric field near the interface between the lightning protection element and the conductive member and improve the discharge characteristics. An object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement structure of external sealing electrodes in a lightning arrester.

［課題を解決するための手段］ 上記の目的を達成するために、この考案は、磁器筒体の
内部に電圧−電流特性が非直線性の避雷素子を収容する
とともに、前記磁器筒体の端部に外部封止電極を嵌合し
て該封止電極の外側筒部を前記磁器筒体の外周面に形成
した凹状溝にカシメ付け固定し、さらに、前記避雷素子
と外部封止電極との間に導電部材を介在した避雷器にお
いて、 前記避雷素子の全長を（Ｌ）とし、避雷素子と導電部材
との界面（Ｓ）の高さ位置から外部封止電極の外側円筒
部の先端縁までの距離を（Δｌ）とすると、 ０≦Δｌ／Ｌ≦１０（％） に設定するという手段をとっている。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention accommodates a lightning arrester element having a non-linear voltage-current characteristic in the inside of a porcelain cylinder, and at the end of the porcelain cylinder. The external sealing electrode is fitted to the portion and the outer cylindrical portion of the sealing electrode is caulked and fixed to the concave groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the porcelain tubular body, and further, the lightning arrester element and the external sealing electrode In a lightning arrester in which a conductive member is interposed, the total length of the lightning arrester is (L), and from the height position of the interface (S) between the lightning arrester and the conductive member to the tip edge of the outer cylindrical portion of the external sealing electrode. Assuming that the distance is (Δl), 0 ≦ Δl / L ≦ 10 (%) is set.

［作用］ この考案は前述した０≦Δｌ／Ｌ≦１０（％）のとき、
雷サージ電流放電時の最大電位傾度ΔＥ（ＫＶ／mm）
が、１００（％）以下となり、このため避雷素子の外側
に現れる電気力線が極端に上方へ引き寄せられることは
なく、避雷素子の端部外周に発生する電界が緩和され、
避雷素子の制限電圧が高くなり、放電特性が安定化す
る。又、外部封止電極の外側筒部の先端縁に発生する電
界の集中も抑制されるので、この面からの放電特性も安
定化する。[Operation] This invention is such that when 0 ≦ Δl / L ≦ 10 (%) described above,
Maximum potential gradient ΔE (KV / mm) during lightning surge current discharge
Is less than 100 (%), so that the lines of electric force appearing outside the lightning protection element are not extremely drawn upward, and the electric field generated at the outer periphery of the end portion of the lightning protection element is relaxed,
The lightning protection element has a higher limit voltage and the discharge characteristics are stabilized. Further, the concentration of the electric field generated at the tip edge of the outer tubular portion of the external sealing electrode is suppressed, so that the discharge characteristic from this surface is also stabilized.

［実施例］ 以下、この考案を懸垂型の避雷碍子に具体化した一実施
例を、第１図〜第５図に基づいて説明する。[Embodiment] An embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a suspension type lightning protection insulator will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

第４図に示すように、避雷碍子１を構成する碍子本体２
は、笠部２ａと、該笠部２ａの内側面に円環状に、かつ
同心状に形成された複数のひだ部２ｂと、さらに、前記
笠部２ａの中央上部に一体形成された有蓋円筒状の頭部
２ｃとにより一体形成されている。又、該頭部２ｃの外
周にはセメント３によりキャップ金具４が被嵌固定さ
れ、該金具４には嵌合凹部４ａが形成され、直上の避雷
碍子１のピン金具５を係合し得るようにしている。前記
ピン金具５の上部は前記頭部２ｃの内部にセメント３に
より固定され、下端は直下の避雷碍子１の前記キャップ
金具４の嵌合凹部４ａに係合される。このようにして複
数の避雷碍子１が直列に連結される。As shown in FIG. 4, an insulator main body 2 constituting the lightning arrester insulator 1
Is a cap portion 2a, a plurality of pleats 2b formed in an annular shape and concentrically on the inner surface of the cap portion 2a, and a cylindrical shape with a lid integrally formed on the upper center of the cap portion 2a. It is integrally formed with the head portion 2c. Further, a cap metal fitting 4 is fitted and fixed by cement 3 on the outer periphery of the head portion 2c, and a fitting recess 4a is formed in the metal fitting 4 so that the pin metal fitting 5 of the lightning protection insulator 1 immediately above can be engaged. I have to. The upper portion of the pin fitting 5 is fixed inside the head portion 2c with cement 3, and the lower end is engaged with the fitting recess 4a of the cap fitting 4 of the lightning protection insulator 1 directly below. In this way, the plurality of lightning protection insulators 1 are connected in series.

前記笠部２ａには円筒状をなす複数の磁気筒部２ｄ（こ
の実施例では一個のみ図示する）が等間隔に、かつピン
金具５と平行状に該笠部２ａを貫通するように一体形成
されている。前記各磁器筒部２ｄの内部には酸化亜鉛
（Ｚｎ０）を主材とした続流遮断特性に優れた電圧−電
流特性が非直線性の円柱状をなす複数の避雷素子６が直
列に収容されている。A plurality of cylindrical magnetic cylindrical portions 2d (only one of which is shown in this embodiment) are integrally formed on the cap portion 2a at equal intervals and so as to penetrate the cap portion 2a in parallel with the pin fitting 5. Has been done. Inside each of the porcelain tube portions 2d, a plurality of lightning protection elements 6 which are mainly made of zinc oxide (Zn0) and have a columnar shape with a non-linear voltage-current characteristic having excellent follow-current blocking characteristics are housed in series. ing.

前記磁器筒部２ｄの上下両端斜面にはアルミニウム、ア
ルミニウム合金（ジュラルミン）、あるいは銅合金（リ
ン青銅）などの導電材よりなる平板状の内部封止電極７
が接着材を介して接着固定され、避雷素子６の上面６ａ
と、前記内部封止電極７の下面７ａとの間には、導電部
材としての中間電極８が弾性的に介装されている。A flat plate-shaped internal sealing electrode 7 made of a conductive material such as aluminum, aluminum alloy (duralumin), or copper alloy (phosphor bronze) is provided on the upper and lower slopes of the porcelain tube portion 2d.
Is bonded and fixed via an adhesive, and the upper surface 6a of the lightning protection element 6 is
And the lower surface 7a of the internal sealing electrode 7, an intermediate electrode 8 as a conductive member is elastically interposed.

前記磁器筒部２ｄの上端部には、アルミニウムあるいは
銅などの導電材よりなる外部封止電極９が嵌合され、該
封止電極９の外側円筒部９ａが磁器筒部２ｄの外周に形
成した凹状溝２ｅにカシメ付け固定されている。前記内
部封止電極７と前記封止電極９との間には、コイル状を
なすバネ１０が介装されている。前記磁器筒部２ｄと外
部封止電極９のカシメ部との間にはゴムなどのパッキン
１５が介在されている。An external sealing electrode 9 made of a conductive material such as aluminum or copper is fitted to the upper end of the porcelain tubular portion 2d, and an outer cylindrical portion 9a of the sealing electrode 9 is formed on the outer periphery of the porcelain tubular portion 2d. The concave groove 2e is fixed by crimping. A coil-shaped spring 10 is interposed between the internal sealing electrode 7 and the sealing electrode 9. A packing 15 made of rubber or the like is interposed between the porcelain tube portion 2d and the crimped portion of the external sealing electrode 9.

前記外部封止電極９の上面には、該電極９を前記キャッ
プ金具４に電気的に接続するリード線１６が取り付けら
れている。前記下側の外部封止電極９と前記ピン金具５
とは、リード線１７により電気的に接続されている。A lead wire 16 for electrically connecting the electrode 9 to the cap fitting 4 is attached to the upper surface of the external sealing electrode 9. The lower external sealing electrode 9 and the pin fitting 5
Are electrically connected to each other by a lead wire 17.

前記中間電極８は弾性を有するアルミニウムあるいは銅
などの導電材よりなる円板状の上部電極板１８の外周に
形成した係止鍔部１８ａに対し、下部電極板１９の外周
部に形成した円筒部１９ａをカシメ付けするとともに、
前記両電極板１８，１９の内部には皿状のバネ受板２０
により一対の皿バ２１を介装して構成している。The intermediate electrode 8 has a locking collar 18a formed on the outer periphery of a disk-shaped upper electrode plate 18 made of a conductive material such as aluminum or copper having elasticity, and a cylindrical portion formed on the outer periphery of the lower electrode plate 19. While crimping 19a,
A dish-shaped spring receiving plate 20 is provided inside the both electrode plates 18 and 19.
Is configured by interposing a pair of tray bars 21.

第３図に示すように、避雷素子６の全長をＬとし、避雷
素子６と中間電極８との界面Ｓの高さ位置から外部封止
電極９の外側円筒部９ａの先端縁９ｂまでの距離をΔｌ
とすると、次の式が成立するように設定している。As shown in FIG. 3, the total length of the lightning arrester element 6 is L, and the distance from the height position of the interface S between the lightning arrester element 6 and the intermediate electrode 8 to the tip edge 9b of the outer cylindrical portion 9a of the external sealing electrode 9. Δl
Then, the following equation is set to hold.

０≦Δｌ／Ｌ≦１０（％） そして、前記界面Ｓの外周縁付近に発生する電界の集中
を緩和するようにしている。ここで、上記式を設定した
理由について説明する。第１図は前記全長Ｌに対する距
離Δｌの比、Δｌ／Ｌ×１００％と、素子６の端部と封
止電極７および中間電極８の近辺における雷サージ電流
放電時の最大電位傾度ΔＥ（ＫＶ／mm）で、Δｌ／Ｌ＝
０の時の値を１００％とした相対比を表している。第３
図はΔｌ／Ｌ＝５、第５図はΔｌ／Ｌ＝０、第６図はΔ
ｌ／Ｌ＝−２、第７図はΔｌ／Ｌ＝１５の電気力線を示
す。これらの各例における最大電位傾度ΔＥを曲線で結
ぶと第１図のグラフのようになる。このグラフから明ら
かなように、 ０≦Δｌ／Ｌ≦１０（％） のとき、最大電位傾度ΔＥが１００（％）以下となる。0 ≦ Δl / L ≦ 10 (%) Then, the concentration of the electric field generated near the outer peripheral edge of the interface S is relaxed. Here, the reason why the above equation is set will be described. FIG. 1 shows the ratio of the distance Δl to the total length L, Δl / L × 100%, and the maximum potential gradient ΔE (KV at the time of lightning surge current discharge at the end of the element 6 and the vicinity of the sealing electrode 7 and the intermediate electrode 8. / Mm), Δl / L =
It represents the relative ratio when the value at 0 is 100%. Third
The figure shows Δl / L = 5, FIG. 5 shows Δl / L = 0, and FIG. 6 shows Δ.
1 / L = -2, and FIG. 7 shows electric lines of force of Δl / L = 15. When the maximum potential gradient ΔE in each of these examples is connected by a curve, the graph shown in FIG. 1 is obtained. As is clear from this graph, when 0 ≦ Δl / L ≦ 10 (%), the maximum potential gradient ΔE is 100 (%) or less.

次に、前記のように構成した避雷碍子についてその作用
を説明する。Next, the operation of the lightning protection insulator configured as described above will be described.

前記避雷碍子１は鉄塔の支持アームに多数直列に連結し
て吊下され、最下端の避雷碍子１に送電線を吊下して使
用される。The lightning protection insulator 1 is connected to a support arm of a steel tower in a large number in series and suspended, and a power transmission line is suspended from the lightning protection insulator 1 at the lowermost end for use.

今、送電線に雷サージの過電圧が印加されると、このと
きの電流は最下端の避雷碍子１のピン金具５へ流れ、リ
ード線１７→下側の外部封止電極９→下側のバネ１０→
下側の内部封止電極７→避雷素子６→中間電極８→上側
の内部封止電極７→上側のバネ１０→上側の外部封止電
極９→リード線１６を経て、キャップ金具４へ至り、さ
らに、直上の避雷碍子１のピン金具５へ流れ、いか同様
にして複数連の避雷碍子１に順次流れて、鉄塔から大地
へ放電される。When a lightning surge overvoltage is applied to the power transmission line, the current at this time flows to the pin metal fitting 5 of the lightning protection insulator 1 at the lowermost end, and the lead wire 17 → the lower external sealing electrode 9 → the lower spring. 10 →
The lower inner sealing electrode 7 → the lightning protection element 6 → the intermediate electrode 8 → the upper inner sealing electrode 7 → the upper spring 10 → the upper outer sealing electrode 9 → the lead wire 16 to the cap fitting 4, Further, it flows to the pin metal fitting 5 of the lightning protection insulator 1 directly above, and then sequentially flows to a plurality of lightning protection insulators 1 in the same manner, and is discharged from the steel tower to the ground.

このとき、碍子本体２に内蔵された避雷素子６はその特
性により速やかに抵抗値を減じて雷サージによる大電流
を放出させる。又、前記雷サージに継続する運転電圧に
対しては避雷素子６は直ちに抵抗値を復元して絶縁を回
復するので、続流放電は形成されず、電線路は正常に復
帰する。At this time, the lightning protection element 6 built in the insulator body 2 quickly reduces its resistance value due to its characteristics, and releases a large current due to a lightning surge. Further, the lightning arrester element 6 immediately restores the resistance value and restores the insulation with respect to the operating voltage which continues to the lightning surge, so that the continuous current discharge is not formed and the electric line is normally restored.

さて、この実施例においては、前記のように避雷素子６
の全長Ｌと、避雷素子６と中間電極８の界面Ｓの高さ位
置から外側円筒部９ａの先端縁９ｂまでの距離Δｌとの
間に、 ０≦Δｌ≦Ｌ×１０（％） 上式が成立するように設定したので、前記界面Ｓの外周
付近に発生する電気力線Ｅが第２図及び第５図に示すよ
うに、ほぼ水平方向へ走り、このため電界の集中が緩和
され、放電特性が向上する。又、外部封止電極９の外側
筒部９ａの先端縁９ｂに発生する電界の集中も両図に示
すように抑制されるので、この面からの放電特性も安定
化する。Now, in this embodiment, as described above, the lightning protection device 6
Between the height L of the lightning protection element 6 and the intermediate electrode 8 and the distance Δl from the tip edge 9b of the outer cylindrical portion 9a to the following equation: 0 ≦ Δl ≦ L × 10 (%) Since the electric field lines E generated in the vicinity of the outer circumference of the interface S run substantially horizontally as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the concentration of the electric field is alleviated and the discharge is performed. The characteristics are improved. Further, since the concentration of the electric field generated at the tip edge 9b of the outer tubular portion 9a of the external sealing electrode 9 is also suppressed as shown in both figures, the discharge characteristic from this surface is also stabilized.

なお、この考案は前記実施例の構成に限定されるもので
はなく、例えば、第２図に鎖線で示すように円筒部９ａ
の先端縁９ｂを円筒部９ａの肉厚と同じにする等、この
考案の趣旨から逸脱しない範囲で、任意に変更して具体
化することも可能である。The invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and for example, as shown by a chain line in FIG.
The tip edge 9b may be made the same as the wall thickness of the cylindrical portion 9a, and may be embodied by being arbitrarily changed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

［考案の効果］ 以上説明したように、この考案は、避雷素子と導電部材
との界面付近の電界の集中を緩和することができ、放電
特性を向上することができる効果がある。[Effect of the Invention] As described above, the present invention has an effect that the concentration of the electric field near the interface between the lightning protection element and the conductive member can be alleviated and the discharge characteristics can be improved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

第１図はこの考案の要部を説明するためのグラフ、第２
図は電気力線を示す要部の拡大断面図、第３図は避雷素
子の収容構造を示す中央部縦断面図、第４図はこの考案
を具体化した懸垂型避雷碍子の避雷素子付近を示す中央
部半縦断面図、第５図は電気力線を示す要部の拡大断面
図、第６図及び第７図は比較例を示す断面図、第８図は
従来例を示す中央部縦断面図である。 １……避雷碍子、２……碍子本体、２ｄ……取付筒部、
６……避雷素子、８……導電部材としての中間電極、９
……外部封止電極、９ａ……外側円筒部、９ｂ……先端
縁、Ｓ……避雷素子と中間電極との接触界面、Ｌ……避
雷素子６の全長、Δｌ……前記接触界面Ｓから外側円筒
部９ａの先端縁９ｂまでの距離、Ｅ……電気力線、ΔＥ
……雷サージ電流放電時の最大電位傾度。FIG. 1 is a graph for explaining the main part of this invention, and FIG.
The figure is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part showing the lines of electric force, Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the central part showing the housing structure of the lightning protection element, and Fig. 4 is the vicinity of the lightning protection element of the suspended lightning arrester embodying the present invention. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a central portion showing a central portion, FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential portion showing electric lines of force, FIGS. 6 and 7 are sectional views showing a comparative example, and FIG. It is a side view. 1 ... Lightning protection insulator, 2 ... Insulator main body, 2d ... Mounting cylinder part,
6 ... Lightning protection element, 8 ... Intermediate electrode as conductive member, 9
...... External sealing electrode, 9a ...... Outer cylindrical portion, 9b ...... Lead edge, S ...... Contact interface between lightning protection element and intermediate electrode, L ...... Overall length of lightning protection element 6, Δl ...... From the contact interface S Distance to the tip edge 9b of the outer cylindrical portion 9a, E ... Electric force line, ΔE
...... Maximum potential gradient during lightning surge current discharge.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 【請求項１】磁器筒体（２ｄ）の内部に電圧−電流特性
が非直線性の避雷素子（６）を収容するとともに、前記
磁器筒体の端部に外部封止電極（９）を嵌合して該封止
電極の外側筒部（９ａ）を前記磁器筒体の外周面に形成
した凹状溝（２ｅ）にカシメ付け固定し、さらに、前記
避雷素子と外部封止電極との間に導電部材（８）を介在
した避雷器において、 前記避雷素子（６）の全長を（Ｌ）とし、避雷素子と導
電部材（８）との界面（Ｓ）の高さ位置から外部封止電
極（９）の外側筒部（９ａ）の先端縁（９ｂ）までの距
離を（Δ）とすると、 ０≦Δ／Ｌ≦１０（％） となるように設定したことを特徴とする外部封止電極の
配置構造。1. A porcelain cylinder (2d) contains a lightning arrester (6) having a non-linear voltage-current characteristic, and an external sealing electrode (9) is fitted to an end of the porcelain cylinder. In combination, the outer cylindrical portion (9a) of the sealing electrode is caulked and fixed to the concave groove (2e) formed in the outer peripheral surface of the porcelain cylindrical body, and further between the lightning protection element and the external sealing electrode. In the lightning arrester with the conductive member (8) interposed, the total length of the lightning arrester element (6) is (L), and the external sealing electrode (9) is located from the height position of the interface (S) between the lightning arrester element and the conductive member (8). ), The distance to the tip edge (9b) of the outer tubular portion (9a) is (Δ), the setting is such that 0 ≦ Δ / L ≦ 10 (%). Arrangement structure.