JPH06248091A - Friction material - Google Patents
Friction materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06248091A JPH06248091A JP5057876A JP5787693A JPH06248091A JP H06248091 A JPH06248091 A JP H06248091A JP 5057876 A JP5057876 A JP 5057876A JP 5787693 A JP5787693 A JP 5787693A JP H06248091 A JPH06248091 A JP H06248091A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- friction
- friction material
- potassium
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、自動車、鉄道車輪、航
空機、産業機械類等における制動装置を構成するブレー
キライニング、デイスクパツド等の摺動部材として有用
な摩擦材に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a friction material useful as a sliding member such as a brake lining, a disk pad or the like which constitutes a braking device in automobiles, railway wheels, aircrafts, industrial machines and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】上記制動装置における代表的な摺動部材
として、従来よりアスベスト繊維を基材繊維とし、これ
を樹脂結合剤に分散させて結着成型した摩擦材が使用さ
れてきたが、高温特性の向上に関する自動車業界等の要
請や、アスベスト繊維に指摘されている発ガン性などの
環境衛生上の見地から、代替品の開発が要請され、その
要請に対し、アスベスト繊維に代えてチタン酸カリウム
繊維を基材繊維とする摩擦材の実用化の試みがなされて
いる（特開昭６１−１９１５９９号公報、特開平１−２
９４５５３号公報等）。チタン酸カリウム繊維は、一般
式Ｋ2 Ｏ・ｎＴｉＯ2 で表される合成無機化合物であ
り、六チタン酸カリウム繊維（Ｋ2 Ｔｉ6 Ｏ13）はその
代表例である。このものは、耐熱性にすぐれているので
フエード現象の防止に有効であり、またその硬さがモー
ス硬度４付近で、相手材攻撃性が小さいこと、吸湿性が
なく水と反応しないので、ブレーキの異常効き等の防止
に有効である等の好ましい性質を有している。2. Description of the Related Art As a typical sliding member in the above-mentioned braking device, a friction material has been used in which asbestos fiber is used as a base fiber and this is dispersed in a resin binder to form a binder. From the demands of the automobile industry, etc. regarding the improvement of properties, and from the viewpoint of environmental health such as the carcinogenicity pointed out in asbestos fibers, the development of alternative products has been requested. Attempts have been made to put friction materials using potassium fibers as base fibers into practical use (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-191599 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-259).
94553 publication). Potassium titanate fiber is a synthetic inorganic compound represented by the general formula K 2 O.nTiO 2 , and potassium hexatitanate fiber (K 2 Ti 6 O 13 ) is a typical example. This product has excellent heat resistance and is therefore effective in preventing the fade phenomenon. In addition, its hardness is around Mohs hardness of 4, its opponent material has low aggression property, and it has no hygroscopicity and does not react with water. It has desirable properties such as being effective in preventing abnormal effects of.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記公報に開示されて
いるように、アスベスト繊維に代え六チタン酸カリウム
繊維を適用することにより、摩擦材の摩耗抵抗性が飛躍
的に高められ、かつ３００℃を越える高温側の温度域に
おいても、アスベスト繊維を使用した摩擦材のように摩
擦係数が低下することもない。しかし、その改善効果の
反面において、低温側（約２５０℃以下）における摩擦
係数はアスベスト繊維を使用した摩擦材よりも却つて低
いレベルにある。近年、車両の高速度化とともに、制動
部の摩擦材の高摩擦係数化が要求されている。そこで本
発明は、チタン酸カリウム繊維を基材繊維とする摩擦材
について、低温から高温側の広い温度域に亘つて、高摩
擦係数を安定に維持し、かつ高度の耐摩耗性を有する摩
擦材を提供しようとするものである。As disclosed in the above publication, by using potassium hexatitanate fiber instead of asbestos fiber, the wear resistance of the friction material is remarkably increased and the temperature is 300 ° C. Even in the temperature range on the high temperature side, the friction coefficient does not decrease unlike the friction material using asbestos fibers. However, on the contrary to the improvement effect, the friction coefficient on the low temperature side (about 250 ° C. or lower) is at a level lower than that of the friction material using asbestos fibers. In recent years, along with increasing vehicle speed, increasing friction coefficient of the friction material of the braking portion is required. Therefore, the present invention relates to a friction material having potassium titanate fiber as a base material fiber, which maintains a high friction coefficient stably over a wide temperature range from a low temperature to a high temperature side and has a high wear resistance. Is to provide.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、基材繊維を樹
脂結合剤で結着してなる摩擦材において、基材繊維とし
て六チタン酸カリウム結晶とチタニア結晶とからなる複
合多結晶繊維を３〜５０重量％含有することを特徴とし
ている。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a friction material obtained by binding base fibers with a resin binder, and using composite polycrystalline fibers composed of potassium hexatitanate crystals and titania crystals as base fibers. It is characterized by containing 3 to 50% by weight.
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】六チタン酸カリウム結晶とチタニア結晶とから
なる複合相を有する多結晶繊維（以下、「六チタン酸カ
リウム複合繊維」または単に「複合繊維」ともいう）
は、六チタン酸カリウム結晶のみからなる単相繊維と同
等ないしそれを凌ぐ熱的安定性を有していると同時に、
単相繊維に比べて、剪断強度が高く、かつ高硬度・高耐
摩耗性を有している。また、その複合繊維は、二相の混
在による微小な表面凹凸を有し、その表面凹凸は樹脂結
合剤と繊維の界面の結合を強化する。上記特性を有する
六チタン酸カリウム複合繊維を基材繊維とする本発明の
摩擦材は、六チタン酸カリウム単相繊維を使用した摩擦
材に比べ高い摩擦係数を有している。その摩擦係数の温
度依存性は小さく、低温から高温側の広い温度域に亘つ
て高摩擦係数が安定に維持される。耐摩耗性について
も、本発明の摩擦材は、低温域から高温域に亘つて、ア
スベスト繊維を使用した摩擦材を凌ぐ高い耐摩耗性を有
している。[Function] Polycrystalline fiber having a composite phase composed of potassium hexatitanate crystal and titania crystal (hereinafter, also referred to as "potassium hexatitanate composite fiber" or simply "composite fiber")
Has thermal stability equal to or exceeding that of single-phase fiber consisting of potassium hexatitanate crystals only,
Compared to single-phase fiber, it has higher shear strength and higher hardness and wear resistance. Further, the composite fiber has minute surface irregularities due to the mixture of two phases, and the surface irregularities strengthen the bonding at the interface between the resin binder and the fiber. The friction material of the present invention using the potassium hexatitanate composite fiber having the above characteristics as the base fiber has a higher friction coefficient than the friction material using the potassium hexatitanate single phase fiber. The friction coefficient has a small temperature dependency, and a high friction coefficient is stably maintained over a wide temperature range from a low temperature to a high temperature side. Regarding the wear resistance, the friction material of the present invention has a high wear resistance over a friction material using asbestos fibers over a low temperature range to a high temperature range.
【０００６】以下、本発明について詳しく説明する。基
材繊維として使用される六チタン酸カリウム複合繊維に
おけるチタニア結晶の必要最少量は目的とする摩擦材に
要求される摩擦摩耗特性によるが、複合効果を明瞭に発
現させるために、１容積％以上であるのが好ましい。The present invention will be described in detail below. The required minimum amount of titania crystals in the potassium hexatitanate composite fiber used as the base fiber depends on the friction and wear characteristics required for the target friction material, but in order to clearly express the composite effect, it is 1% by volume or more. Is preferred.
【０００７】複合繊維におけるチタニア結晶は、結晶構
造の異なるアナターゼ相とルチル相とがあり、両者は異
なる硬さを有し、アナターゼ相の硬度（モース硬度）は
約５．５〜６．０、ルチル相のそれは約７．０〜７．５
である。本発明に使用される複合繊維におけるチタニア
結晶は、そのいずれでもよく、両者の混相であつてもよ
い。耐摩耗性がより重視される場合は、ルチル相である
のが有利である。The titania crystal in the composite fiber has an anatase phase and a rutile phase having different crystal structures, and both have different hardness, and the hardness of the anatase phase (Mohs hardness) is about 5.5 to 6.0, That of the rutile phase is about 7.0-7.5.
Is. The titania crystals in the composite fiber used in the present invention may be any of them, or may be a mixed phase of both. When the wear resistance is more important, the rutile phase is advantageous.
【０００８】上記複合繊維は板形状を有する多結晶繊維
であり、そのサイズは特に限定されないが、基材繊維と
しての安定性の点から、板状繊維では、繊維径約２０〜
５０μｍ、長さ約１００〜４００μｍのものが適当であ
る。The above-mentioned composite fiber is a polycrystalline fiber having a plate shape, and the size thereof is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of stability as a base fiber, the plate-like fiber has a fiber diameter of about 20-.
A size of 50 μm and a length of about 100 to 400 μm is suitable.
【０００９】本発明の摩擦材における上記複合繊維の配
合割合を３重量％以上としたのは、それより少ないと、
その配合効果を十分に発揮できないからであり、５０重
量％を上限としたのは、それを越えると摩擦摩耗特性の
改善効果はほぼ飽和し、それ以上に増量する利益はない
からである。In the friction material of the present invention, the compounding ratio of the above-mentioned composite fiber is set to 3% by weight or more.
This is because the blending effect cannot be sufficiently exhibited, and the reason why the upper limit is 50% by weight is that the effect of improving the friction and wear characteristics is almost saturated beyond that, and there is no benefit of further increasing the amount.
【００１０】本発明の摩擦材は、基材繊維として六チタ
ン酸カリウム複合繊維の他に、所望により、摩擦材の基
材繊維として知られている各種繊維質充填剤、例えば樹
脂繊維（アラミド繊維等）、金属繊維（スチール繊維、
ステンレス繊維、銅繊維、真ちゆう繊維等）、炭素繊
維、ガラス繊維、セラミツクス繊維、ロツクウール、木
質パルプ等の１種ないし２種以上が、摩擦材の補強等を
目的として六チタン酸カリウム複合繊維と共に、適量
（例えば１〜６０重量％）配合される。これらの繊維質
充填剤は必要に応じ、分散性および結合剤との接着性の
向上等を目的として、シラン系カツプリング剤（ビニル
シラン、アミノシラン、エポキシシラン、メタアクリロ
キシラン、メルカプトキシラン等）、あるいはチタネー
ト系カツプリング剤（イソプロピルトリイソステアロイ
ルチタネート、ジ（ジオクチルパイロホスフエート）エ
チレンチタネート等）による表面処理が施されて使用さ
れる。In addition to the potassium hexatitanate composite fiber as the base fiber, the friction material of the present invention may optionally contain various fibrous fillers known as the base fiber of the friction material, such as resin fiber (aramid fiber). Etc.), metal fiber (steel fiber,
1 type or 2 types or more of stainless fiber, copper fiber, true fiber, etc.), carbon fiber, glass fiber, ceramics fiber, rock wool, wood pulp, etc., and potassium hexatitanate composite fiber for the purpose of reinforcing the friction material. Together with a proper amount (for example, 1 to 60% by weight). These fibrous fillers, if necessary, for the purpose of improving dispersibility and adhesiveness with the binder, a silane coupling agent (vinylsilane, aminosilane, epoxysilane, methacryloxylan, mercaptoxylan, etc.), or The titanate-based coupling agent (isopropyl triisostearoyl titanate, di (dioctyl pyrophosphate) ethylene titanate, etc.) is surface-treated before use.
【００１１】また、本発明の摩擦材は、摩擦調整剤とし
て常用されている各種添加剤、例えば加硫または末加硫
の天然・合成ゴム粉末、カシユー樹脂粉粒体、レジンダ
スト、ゴムダスト等の有機物粉末、または天然・人造黒
鉛、二硫化モリブデン、三硫化アンチモン、硫酸バリウ
ム、炭酸カルシウム、ゾノトライト等の無機質粉末、雲
母やバーミキユライト等の薄片状無機質フイラー、銅、
アルミニウム、亜鉛、鉄、ステンレス等の金属粉末、ア
ルミナ、シリカ、酸化クロム、酸化チタン、酸化鉄、三
酸化アンチモン、酸化銅等の酸化物粉末等が製品に要求
される摩擦特性、例えば、摩擦係数、耐摩耗性、振動特
性、ナキ等に応じて単独または２種以上の組合せとして
適量（例えば２０〜８０重量％）配合され、その他防錆
剤、研削剤の補助剤の適量（例えば６０重量％以下）が
必要に応じて配合された組成に調製されることも、従来
の摩擦剤のそれと異ならない。The friction material of the present invention includes various additives commonly used as friction modifiers, such as vulcanized or unvulcanized natural / synthetic rubber powder, cashew resin powder, resin dust, and rubber dust. Organic powder, or inorganic / natural graphite, molybdenum disulfide, antimony trisulfide, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, inorganic powder such as zonotolite, flaky inorganic filler such as mica or vermiculite, copper,
Friction characteristics required for products such as metal powders of aluminum, zinc, iron, stainless steel, oxide powders of alumina, silica, chromium oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide, antimony trioxide, copper oxide, etc. , An appropriate amount (for example, 20 to 80% by weight) is compounded as a single or a combination of two or more types depending on abrasion resistance, vibration characteristics, pear, etc., and an appropriate amount of other rust preventive agents and auxiliary agents for abrasives (for example, 60% by weight). It is not different from that of the conventional friction agent that the following) is prepared in a composition in which they are blended as needed.
【００１２】結合剤である樹脂は、例えばエポキシ樹
脂、フエノール樹脂、ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、ポリエス
テル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、アルキド樹脂、シリコーン
樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂、またはそれら
の変性樹脂、あるいは天然ゴム、スチレンブタジエンゴ
ム、ニトリルゴム等、この種の摩擦材に使用されている
各種結合剤を適宜使用すればよい。The binder resin is, for example, a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a formaldehyde resin, a polyester resin, a polyamide resin, an alkyd resin, a silicone resin or a polyimide resin, or a modified resin thereof or a natural rubber. Various binders used in this type of friction material, such as styrene-butadiene rubber and nitrile rubber, may be appropriately used.
【００１３】本発明の摩擦材の成分構成は、六チタン酸
カリウム複合繊維の所定量を基材繊維として含有する点
を除いて、従来の摩擦材と異なる点はなく、またその製
造に特別の条件や制限は付加されず、常法に従つて、ま
ず基材繊維を結合剤である樹脂中に分散し、所望により
配合される摩擦調整剤、その他の添加剤を加えて原料組
成物を調合し、ついで金型成型等により加熱加圧下に結
着成型を行い、あるいは別法として原料組成物を、水等
に分散懸濁させ、抄き網上に抄き上げ、搾水して紙状体
ないしシート状体に抄造したのち、加熱加圧下に結着成
型し、しかるのち、結着成型物に適宜機械加工、研磨加
工を加えて目的とする摩擦剤を得る。The composition of components of the friction material of the present invention is the same as that of the conventional friction material except that a predetermined amount of the potassium hexatitanate composite fiber is contained as the base fiber, and the composition of the friction material is special. Conditions and restrictions are not added, and in accordance with a conventional method, first, the base fiber is dispersed in the resin as the binder, and the friction modifier and other additives optionally mixed are added to prepare the raw material composition. Then, it is subjected to binding molding under heat and pressure by molding with a die or the like, or alternatively, the raw material composition is dispersed and suspended in water, etc., made up on a making net, squeezed and paper-shaped. After being formed into a body or a sheet, it is subjected to binding molding under heat and pressure, and then the binding molded product is appropriately machined and polished to obtain the desired friction agent.
【００１４】なお、基材繊維である六チタン酸カリウム
複合繊維は、溶融法による六チタン酸カリウム単相繊維
の製造工程における工程の一部の処理条件を改変して製
造することができる。すなわち、チタン化合物（精製ア
ナターゼ等）とカリウム化合物（炭酸カリウム等）との
混合物（ＴｉＯ2 ／Ｋ2 Ｏのモル比：約２）を加熱溶融
し、その溶融物を冷却凝固させて初生相として二チタン
酸カリウム繊維（Ｋ2Ｔｉ2 Ｏ5 ）の束状集合体である
繊維塊を得、これを洗液で処理してＫ+ イオンの溶出と
解繊（繊維同士の結合を分離する）を行い、ついで焼成
処理する工程からなるチタン酸カリウム繊維の製造工程
において、上記繊維塊を処理する洗液として酸水溶液
（例えば０．０１〜１％の硫酸水溶液）を使用して繊維
中のカリウム量が１〜１３．５重量％になるまでＫ+ イ
オンを溶出させると共に、回収した繊維の焼成処理を９
００〜１３００℃の温度域で行うことにより、チタニア
結晶と六チタン酸カリウムとからなる複合繊維を得る。
その繊維の形態は、繊維径約２０〜５０μｍ、長さ約１
００〜４００μｍの板状多結晶繊維である。また、焼成
処理を低温側（約９７０℃以下）で行えばチタニア結晶
はアナターゼ相として析出し、高温側（約１０５０℃以
上）ではルチル相として、中間の温度域（約１０００℃
前後）では両者の混相としてそれぞれ析出する。The potassium hexatitanate composite fiber, which is the base fiber, can be produced by modifying some of the processing conditions in the step of producing the potassium hexatitanate single-phase fiber by the melting method. That is, a mixture (a molar ratio of TiO 2 / K 2 O: about 2) of a titanium compound (purified anatase etc.) and a potassium compound (potassium carbonate etc.) is heated and melted, and the melt is cooled and solidified to obtain a primary phase. A bundle of fibers of potassium dititanate fibers (K 2 Ti 2 O 5 ) is obtained, which is treated with a washing solution to elute K + ions and defibrate them (separate the bonds between the fibers). In the step of producing potassium titanate fibers, which comprises a step of performing a baking treatment, and then using an acid aqueous solution (for example, 0.01 to 1% sulfuric acid aqueous solution) as a washing liquid for treating the fiber mass. K + ions were eluted until the amount became 1 to 13.5% by weight, and the recovered fiber was subjected to baking treatment 9
By carrying out in the temperature range of 0 to 1300 ° C., a composite fiber composed of titania crystals and potassium hexatitanate is obtained.
The fiber has a fiber diameter of about 20 to 50 μm and a length of about 1
It is a plate-like polycrystalline fiber having a size of 00 to 400 μm. If the firing treatment is performed on the low temperature side (about 970 ° C or lower), the titania crystal is precipitated as an anatase phase, and on the high temperature side (about 1050 ° C or higher), the rutile phase is formed, and the intermediate temperature range (about 1000 ° C) is reached.
Before and after), they precipitate as a mixed phase of both.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】実施例１ （１）供試摩擦材（デイスクパツド）の製造原料組成物の配合 基材繊維 …３０重量％ 結合剤（フエノール樹脂）〔日立化成（株）製「ＨＰ３０９ＮＳ」〕 …２０重量％ 摩擦調整材（硫酸バリウム）〔堺化学工業（株）製「ＢＡ」〕 …５０重量％ 上記組成物を、予備成型（加圧力：３００ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ
2 ，温度：常温，時間：１分間）の後、金型による結着
成形（加圧力：１５０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 ，温度：１７０
℃，時間：５分間）を行い、成型後、熱処理（１８０℃
で３時間保持）を施す。金型から取り出したのち、研磨
加工を施して下記の供試摩擦材（デイスクパツド）Ａ１
〜Ｃ１を得た。EXAMPLES Example 1 (1) Manufacturing base material fiber of raw material composition for producing friction material (disc pad) 30% by weight Binder (phenol resin) [HP309NS manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.] 20 % By weight Friction modifier (barium sulfate) [“BA” manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.] ... 50% by weight The above composition was preformed (pressing force: 300 kgf / cm).
2 、 Temperature: normal temperature, time: 1 minute), and then binding molding (pressing force: 150 kgf / cm 2 , temperature: 170)
℃, time: 5 minutes), after molding, heat treatment (180 ℃
Hold for 3 hours). After taking it out from the mold, it was polished and the following friction material (disk pad) A1 was tested.
~ C1 was obtained.
【００１６】摩擦材Ａ１（発明例） 基材繊維として、六チタン酸カリウム複合繊維（板状多
結晶繊維）を使用、繊維径（平均）３０μｍ、長さ（平
均）２００μｍ〔後記参考例１参照〕。摩擦材Ｂ１（比較例） 基材繊維として、六チタン酸カリウム単相繊維（板状多
結晶繊維）を使用、繊維径（平均）３０μｍ、長さ（平
均）１５０μｍ〔後記参考例２参照〕。摩擦材Ｃ１（比較例） 基材繊維として、アスベスト繊維（６クラス）を使用。 Friction material A1 (Invention example) As a base fiber, potassium hexatitanate composite fiber (plate-like polycrystalline fiber) was used, fiber diameter (average) 30 μm, length (average) 200 μm [Refer to Reference Example 1 below. ]. Friction material B1 (Comparative Example) As the base fiber, potassium hexatitanate single-phase fiber (plate-like polycrystalline fiber) was used, fiber diameter (average) 30 μm, length (average) 150 μm [see Reference Example 2 below]. Friction material C1 (comparative example) Asbestos fiber (6 class) is used as the base fiber.
【００１７】（２）摩擦摩耗試験 各供試摩擦材Ａ１〜Ｃ１について、ＪＩＳ Ｄ４４１１
「自動車用ブレーキライニイグ」の規定に準拠した定速
度摩擦摩耗試験（デイスク摩擦面：ＦＣ２５ねずみ鋳
鉄，面圧：１０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 ，摩擦速度：７ｍ／秒）
を行つて摩耗率（ｃｍ3 ／ｋｇｍ）および摩擦係数
（μ）を測定した。図１および図２にその測定結果を示
す（図１：摩擦係数，図２：摩耗率）。(2) Friction and abrasion test Regarding each of the friction materials A1 to C1 to be tested, JIS D4411
Constant speed friction and wear test in accordance with the regulations of "Brake lineage for automobiles" (disc friction surface: FC25 gray cast iron, surface pressure: 10 kgf / cm 2 , friction speed: 7 m / sec)
The wear rate (cm 3 / kgm) and the coefficient of friction (μ) were measured. The measurement results are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (FIG. 1: friction coefficient, FIG. 2: wear rate).
【００１８】実施例２ （１）供試摩擦材の製造 下記組成物を原料とし、前記実施例１と同一条件の予備
成形および結着成形、熱処理、並びに研磨加工を行つて
供試摩擦材（デイスクパツド）Ａ２〜Ｃ２を得る。 チタン酸カリウム繊維（またはアスベスト繊維） …１６重量％ アラミド繊維（「ケブラーパルプ」（長さ３ｍｍ）東レ（株）製） …３重量％ 結合剤（フエノール樹脂） …９重量％ 有機添加材（カシユーダスト等） …９重量％ その他（黒鉛等潤滑剤、硫酸バリウム等無機物粉末、金属粉末、酸化物粉末） …６３重量％ Example 2 (1) Manufacture of Test Friction Material Using the following composition as a raw material, pre-formation, binding molding, heat treatment and polishing under the same conditions as in Example 1 were carried out and the test friction material ( Disk pad A2 to C2 are obtained. Potassium titanate fiber (or asbestos fiber) 16% by weight Aramid fiber ("Kevlar pulp" (length 3 mm) manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) 3% by weight Binder (phenol resin) 9% by weight Organic additive (cassie dust) Etc.) 9% by weight Others (lubricant such as graphite, inorganic powder such as barium sulfate, metal powder, oxide powder) 63% by weight
【００１９】摩擦材Ａ２（発明例） チタン酸カリウム繊維として、六チタン酸カリウム複合
繊維（板状多結晶繊維）を使用、繊維径（平均）３０μ
ｍ、長さ（平均）２００μｍ〔後記参考例１参照〕。摩擦材Ｂ２（比較例） チタン酸カリウム繊維として、六チタン酸カリウム単相
繊維（板状多結晶繊維）を使用、繊維径（平均）３０μ
ｍ、長さ（平均）１５０μｍ〔後記参考例２参照〕。摩擦材Ｃ２（比較例） チタン酸カリウム繊維に代え、アスベスト繊維（６クラ
ス）を使用。 Friction material A2 (Invention example) As potassium titanate fiber, potassium hexatitanate composite fiber (plate-like polycrystalline fiber) was used, and fiber diameter (average) 30 μm.
m, length (average) 200 μm [see Reference Example 1 below]. Friction material B2 (Comparative example) As potassium titanate fiber, potassium hexatitanate single-phase fiber (plate-like polycrystalline fiber) was used, and fiber diameter (average) 30μ
m, length (average) 150 μm [see Reference Example 2 below]. Friction material C2 (comparative example) Use asbestos fiber (6 class) instead of potassium titanate fiber.
【００２０】（２）摩擦摩耗試験 各供試材Ａ２，Ｂ２およびＣ２について実施例１と同様
の定速度摩擦摩耗試験を行つて、図３（摩擦係数）およ
び図４（摩耗率）の結果を得た。(2) Friction and Wear Test A constant velocity friction and wear test similar to that of Example 1 was performed on each of the test materials A2, B2 and C2, and the results of FIG. 3 (friction coefficient) and FIG. 4 (wear rate) were obtained. Obtained.
【００２１】図１および図３に示したように、発明例の
摩擦材Ａ１，Ａ２（六チタン酸カリウム複合繊維使用）
は、アスベスト繊維を使用した摩擦材Ｃ１，Ｃ２のよう
な高温域における摩擦係数（μ）の低下はなく、かつ摩
擦材Ｂ１，Ｂ２（六チタン酸カリウム単相繊維使用）よ
りも高い摩擦係数を有し、その高摩擦係数は低温から高
温側の広い温度域に亘つて安定に維持されている。ま
た、図２および図４から明らかなように、発明例の摩擦
材Ａ１，Ａ２は、摩擦材Ｃ１，Ｃ２（アスベスト繊維使
用）や摩擦材Ｂ１，Ｂ２（六チタン酸カリウム単相繊維
使用）と比べ、低温から高温域に亘つて著しく高い摩耗
抵抗性を有している。As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, friction materials A1 and A2 of the invention examples (using potassium hexatitanate composite fiber)
Does not lower the friction coefficient (μ) in the high temperature range like the friction materials C1 and C2 using asbestos fiber, and has a higher friction coefficient than the friction materials B1 and B2 (using potassium hexatitanate single phase fiber). Its high friction coefficient is stably maintained over a wide temperature range from low temperature to high temperature. Further, as is clear from FIGS. 2 and 4, the friction materials A1 and A2 of the invention examples are the friction materials C1 and C2 (using asbestos fibers) and the friction materials B1 and B2 (using potassium hexatitanate single phase fibers). In comparison, it has extremely high wear resistance from low temperatures to high temperatures.
【００２２】[0022]
【参考例】参考例１ （六チタン酸カリウム複合繊維の製造） （１）出発原料の調製 精製アナターゼ粉末（純度９９．８％）と工業用炭酸カ
リウム粉末（純度９９．５％）とを、ＴｉＯ2 ／Ｋ2 Ｏ
のモル比が１．８となるように配合した。 （２）加熱溶融 出発原料混合粉末を白金るつぼに入れ、１０５０℃で４
０分間を要して加熱溶融した。 （３）冷却凝固 加熱溶融物を皿状容器（銅製）に流し込み、初生相二チ
タン酸カリウム繊維の束状集合体である繊維塊を得た。 （４）脱カリウム・解繊処理 繊維塊の１５０倍量（重量）の水に硫酸を添加して濃度
０．１％の硫酸水溶液とし、これに繊維塊を投入し、プ
ロペラ攪拌下に、繊維のカリウム含有量が約９％（Ｔｉ
Ｏ2 ／Ｋ2 Ｏモル比 約９．７）になるまでＫ+ イオン
を溶出させると共に解繊を行つた。 （５）焼成処理 解繊された繊維を洗液から回収し、脱水・乾燥（風乾）
の後、アルミナるつぼに入れ、温度１１５０℃で２時間
を要して焼成処理した。得られた繊維は、六チタン酸カ
リウム結晶−チタニア結晶（ルチル相）からなる複合相
を有する板状多結晶繊維である。 繊維径（平均）３０μｍ、長さ（平均）２００μｍ。 図５にその繊維の走査型電子顕微鏡像（倍率 ２００
０）を示す。６ＴＫは六チタン酸カリウム結晶相、Ｔは
チタニア結晶相である。チタニア結晶相Ｔは六チタン酸
カリウム結晶相６ＴＫ中に分散析出している。その含有
量（チタニア結晶相／六チタン酸カリウム結晶相のモル
比）は約３．７である。[Reference Example] Reference Example 1 (Production of potassium hexatitanate composite fiber) (1) Preparation of starting material Purified anatase powder (purity 99.8%) and industrial potassium carbonate powder (purity 99.5%) were prepared. TiO 2 / K 2 O
Were blended so that the molar ratio thereof was 1.8. (2) Heating and melting The starting raw material mixed powder was put in a platinum crucible and heated at 1050 ° C for 4 hours.
It took 0 minutes to melt by heating. (3) Cooling and solidification The heated melt was poured into a dish-shaped container (made of copper) to obtain a fiber mass that was a bundle-shaped aggregate of primary phase potassium dititanate fibers. (4) Depotassification and defibration treatment Add sulfuric acid to 150 times the amount of water (weight) of the fiber lump to make a 0.1% concentration of sulfuric acid aqueous solution, and add the fiber lump to this, and under stirring the propeller, Has a potassium content of about 9% (Ti
K + ions were eluted and defibration was performed until the O 2 / K 2 O molar ratio reached about 9.7). (5) Firing treatment The disentangled fibers are recovered from the washing liquid, dehydrated and dried (air drying).
After that, it was placed in an alumina crucible and baked at a temperature of 1150 ° C. for 2 hours. The obtained fiber is a plate-like polycrystalline fiber having a composite phase composed of potassium hexatitanate crystal-titania crystal (rutile phase). Fiber diameter (average) 30 μm, length (average) 200 μm. Figure 5 shows a scanning electron microscope image of the fiber (magnification 200
0) is shown. 6TK is a potassium hexatitanate crystal phase, and T is a titania crystal phase. The titania crystal phase T is dispersed and precipitated in the potassium hexatitanate crystal phase 6TK. Its content (molar ratio of titania crystal phase / potassium hexatitanate crystal phase) is about 3.7.
【００２３】参考例２（六チタン酸カリウム単相繊維の
製造） 上記参考例１における「脱カリウム・解繊処理」におけ
る洗液として、硫酸水溶液に代え、水（繊維塊の１５０
倍量）を使用し、繊維のカリウム含有量が約１３．６重
量％（ＴｉＯ2 ／Ｋ2 Ｏモル比 約６）となるまでＫ+
イオンの溶出を行つた以外は、同一処理条件の工程を経
て繊維を得た。得られた繊維は、六チタン酸カリウム結
晶からなる単相の板状多結晶繊維である。図６はその繊
維の走査型電子顕微鏡像（倍率 ２０００）である。繊
維径（平均）３０μｍ、長さ（平均）１５０μｍ。 Reference Example 2 (Production of potassium hexatitanate single-phase fiber) As the washing liquid in the "depotassification / defibration treatment" in Reference Example 1 described above, water (150 of fiber lump) was used instead of the sulfuric acid aqueous solution.
Using the times), until the potassium content of the fiber is about 13.6 wt% (TiO 2 / K 2 O molar ratio of about 6) K +
Fibers were obtained through the steps under the same treatment conditions except that the ions were eluted. The obtained fiber is a single-phase plate-like polycrystalline fiber composed of crystals of potassium hexatitanate. FIG. 6 is a scanning electron microscope image (magnification: 2000) of the fiber. Fiber diameter (average) 30 μm, length (average) 150 μm.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】本発明の摩擦材は、低温から高温の広い
温度域に亘つて、高い摩擦係数と耐摩耗性とを有してい
る。従つて、自動車、車輌、航空機、各種産業機械類の
制動装置におけるブレーキライニング、デイスクパツド
等として、特に高速度運転に対する高摩擦係数が要求さ
れる車両等の摩擦材として好適であり、制動機能の向上
・安定化、耐用寿命の改善効果等が得られる。The friction material of the present invention has a high friction coefficient and wear resistance over a wide temperature range from low temperature to high temperature. Therefore, it is suitable as a brake lining in a braking device for automobiles, vehicles, aircrafts, various industrial machines, disc pads, etc., especially as a friction material for vehicles requiring a high friction coefficient for high speed operation, and has an improved braking function.・ Stabilization, life improvement effect, etc. can be obtained.
【図１】定速摩擦摩耗試験による摩擦係数測定結果を示
すグラフである。FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of friction coefficient measurement by a constant speed friction and wear test.
【図２】定速摩擦摩耗試験による摩耗率測定結果を示す
グラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph showing wear rate measurement results by a constant speed friction wear test.
【図３】定速摩擦摩耗試験による摩擦係数測定結果を示
すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of friction coefficient measurement by a constant speed friction and wear test.
【図４】定速摩擦摩耗試験による摩耗率測定結果を示す
グラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing wear rate measurement results by a constant speed friction wear test.
【図５】基材繊維の六チタン酸カリウム複合繊維を示す
図面代用顕微鏡写真（倍率 ２０００）である。FIG. 5 is a drawing-substitute micrograph (magnification: 2000) showing a potassium hexatitanate composite fiber as a base fiber.
【図６】基材繊維の六チタン酸カリウム単相繊維を示す
図面代用顕微鏡写真（倍率 ２０００）である。FIG. 6 is a drawing-substitute micrograph (magnification: 2000) showing potassium hexatitanate single-phase fiber as a base fiber.
６ＴＫ：六チタン酸カリウム結晶相、Ｔ：チタニア結晶
相。6TK: potassium hexatitanate crystal phase, T: titania crystal phase.
Claims (1)
擦材において、基材繊維として、六チタン酸カリウム結
晶とチタニア結晶とからなる複合多結晶繊維を３〜５０
重量％含有することを特徴とする摩擦材。1. A friction material obtained by binding base fibers with a resin binder, wherein the composite fibers comprising potassium hexatitanate crystals and titania crystals are contained in an amount of 3 to 50.
A friction material characterized by containing by weight.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5787693A JP2990565B2 (en) | 1993-02-22 | 1993-02-22 | Friction material |
| US08/247,634 US5383963A (en) | 1993-02-22 | 1994-05-23 | Composite fibers of potassium hexatitanate and titanium dioxide |
| EP94107996A EP0684215B1 (en) | 1993-02-22 | 1994-05-24 | Composite fibers of potassium hexatitanate and titanium dioxide |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5787693A JP2990565B2 (en) | 1993-02-22 | 1993-02-22 | Friction material |
| EP94107996A EP0684215B1 (en) | 1993-02-22 | 1994-05-24 | Composite fibers of potassium hexatitanate and titanium dioxide |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06248091A true JPH06248091A (en) | 1994-09-06 |
| JP2990565B2 JP2990565B2 (en) | 1999-12-13 |
Family
ID=26135643
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5787693A Expired - Fee Related JP2990565B2 (en) | 1993-02-22 | 1993-02-22 | Friction material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2990565B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013039183A1 (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-21 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Friction material |
| WO2014098213A1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Friction material |
| CN106917836A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-04 | 佛山佳牧乐科技有限公司 | Friction material, brake block and brake piece preparation method for brake block |
| JP2017149971A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2017-08-31 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Friction material |
-
1993
- 1993-02-22 JP JP5787693A patent/JP2990565B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013039183A1 (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-21 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Friction material |
| JP2013076058A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-04-25 | Akebono Brake Ind Co Ltd | Friction material |
| US9127733B2 (en) | 2011-09-14 | 2015-09-08 | Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd. | Friction material |
| JP2017149971A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2017-08-31 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Friction material |
| WO2014098213A1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Friction material |
| JP2014122314A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-07-03 | Akebono Brake Ind Co Ltd | Friction material |
| US10461104B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2019-10-29 | Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd. | Friction material |
| CN106917836A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-04 | 佛山佳牧乐科技有限公司 | Friction material, brake block and brake piece preparation method for brake block |
| CN106917836B (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-11-16 | 佛山佳牧乐科技有限公司 | For the friction material of brake block, brake block and brake piece preparation method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2990565B2 (en) | 1999-12-13 |
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