JPH06233658A - Yeast and feed for fishes containing the same - Google Patents
Yeast and feed for fishes containing the sameInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06233658A JPH06233658A JP5302594A JP30259493A JPH06233658A JP H06233658 A JPH06233658 A JP H06233658A JP 5302594 A JP5302594 A JP 5302594A JP 30259493 A JP30259493 A JP 30259493A JP H06233658 A JPH06233658 A JP H06233658A
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- yeast
- feed
- fish
- fishes
- streptococci
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は魚類腸管内の魚病細菌の
増殖を抑制する酵母、並びにこの酵母を含有する魚類飼
料に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a yeast which suppresses the growth of fish disease bacteria in the intestinal tract of fish, and a fish feed containing this yeast.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、２００海里規制による漁場の制限
および天然資源の涸渇に伴い、栽培漁業、養殖漁業が盛
んになってきており、これに伴い、稚仔魚生産用飼料、
成魚育成用配合飼料についての多くの研究がなされてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, due to the limitation of fishing grounds due to the regulation of 200 nautical miles and the depletion of natural resources, cultivated fisheries and aquaculture have been prosperous.
Much research has been done on mixed feed for adult fish breeding.
【０００３】魚類飼料としては、近年、従来のイワシな
どの生餌に代えて、魚粉を主体とした配合飼料が使用さ
れるようになってきた。しかしながら、この配合飼料を
投与したのみでは、稚仔魚の餌付きおよび嗜好性の点に
問題があり、これを解決するために、最近、ビール酵母
やパルプ廃液酵母を配合することが行われているが、こ
れによっても、まだ充分に満足できる効果は得られてい
ない。さらに近年養殖魚において細菌性、ウイルス性お
よび寄生虫性疾病が多発しており、魚病被害をいかにし
て軽減するかが大きな問題となっている。As a fish feed, in recent years, instead of the conventional raw feed such as sardines, a mixed feed mainly containing fish meal has come to be used. However, administration of this compounded feed alone causes problems with feeding and palatability of fry, and in order to solve this problem, brewer's yeast and pulp waste liquid yeast have recently been compounded. However, even with this, a sufficiently satisfactory effect has not been obtained yet. Furthermore, bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases have frequently occurred in cultured fish in recent years, and how to reduce damage to fish diseases has become a major problem.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従って、本発明は、魚
類の嗜好性を高め、しかも生存率を高めることのできる
魚類飼料を提供することを目的とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to provide a fish feed which can enhance the palatability of fish and the survival rate thereof.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】斯かる実情において、本
発明者は鋭意研究を行った結果、本発明者によって、鹿
児島市の養鱒場に棲息するニジマスの腸管内から分離し
た酵母が、魚類腸管内の魚病細菌の増殖を抑制するこ
と、従って、これを魚類飼料に配合すると、魚類の生存
率が著しく向上することを見出し、本発明を完成した。Under such circumstances, as a result of earnest studies by the present inventor, the present inventors have found that the yeast isolated from the intestinal tract of rainbow trout that lives in a trout farm in Kagoshima City is fish. The present invention has been completed by finding that the growth of fish pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract is suppressed, and therefore that when this is added to a fish feed, the survival rate of fish is significantly improved.
【０００６】すなわち、本発明は、後述の特性を有する
新規な酵母並びにこれを含有する魚類飼料を提供するも
のである。That is, the present invention provides a novel yeast having the characteristics described below and a fish feed containing the same.
【０００７】本発明の酵母は、ニジマス等の魚類腸管か
ら採取することのできるもので、次のような菌学的性質
を有する。The yeast of the present invention can be collected from the intestinal tract of fish such as rainbow trout and has the following mycological properties.
【０００８】（ａ）各培地における生育状態 （１）バレイショ片寒天培地 栄養細胞の大きさ：３〜５μm 型態：やや丸いだ円形 増殖の形式：出芽 （２）ＺＡＧ培地〔ポリペプトン５．００ｇ、酵母エキ
ス１．００ｇ、ブトウ糖２０．００ｇ、寒天１５．００
ｇ、１／６人工海水（ＮａＣｌ ３０．０ｇ、ＫＣｌ
０．７ｇ、ＭｇＣｌ2 ・６Ｈ2Ｏ １０．８ｇ、ＭｇＳ
Ｏ4 ・７Ｈ2Ｏ ５．４ｇ、ＣａＣｌ2 ・２Ｈ2Ｏ １．
０ｇ、脱イオン水１０００ml）、pH７．６、１２０℃で
２０分間高圧滅菌〕 白色コロニーを形成し、胞子形成は見られない。(A) Growth state in each medium (1) Potato agar medium Size of vegetative cells: 3 to 5 μm Type: Slightly rounded round Type of growth: Budding (2) ZAG medium [Polypeptone 5.00 g, Yeast extract 1.00 g, butter sugar 20.00 g, agar 15.00
g, 1/6 artificial seawater (NaCl 30.0 g, KCl
0.7g, MgCl 2 · 6H 2 O 10.8g, MgS
O 4 · 7H 2 O 5.4g, CaCl 2 · 2H 2 O 1.
0 g, deionized water 1000 ml), pH 7.6, high-pressure sterilization at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes] White colonies are formed, and sporulation is not observed.
【０００９】（ｂ）子のう胞子の形成：形成しない。 （ｃ）射出胞子の形成：形成しない。 （ｄ）生理的性質 （１）至適生育条件：pH７〜８、温度２５〜３３℃。 （２）生育の範囲：pH２〜９、温度７〜３４℃。 （３）硝酸塩の同化：− （４）脂肪の分解：− （５）尿素の分解：− （６）ゼラチンの液化：＋ （７）塩化ナトリウム濃度：最適０〜０．５％、最高７
％。 （８）カロチノイドの生成：− （９）顕著な有機酸の生成：＋ （10）デンプン様物質の生成：− （11）ビタミンの要求性：ビオチン要求(B) Ascospore formation: Not formed. (C) Formation of shot spores: No formation. (D) Physiological properties (1) Optimal growth conditions: pH 7-8, temperature 25-33 ° C. (2) Growth range: pH 2-9, temperature 7-34 ° C. (3) Assimilation of nitrate:-(4) Decomposition of fat:-(5) Decomposition of urea:-(6) Liquefaction of gelatin: + (7) Sodium chloride concentration: Optimum 0 to 0.5%, maximum 7
%. (8) Carotenoid formation:-(9) Prominent organic acid formation: + (10) Starch-like substance formation:-(11) Vitamin requirement: Biotin requirement
【００１０】（ｅ）同化性の有無 Ｄ−グルコース（＋）発酵、Ｄ−マンノース（＋）、Ｄ
−ガラクトース（＋）発酵、Ｄ−フラクトース（＋）、
麦芽糖（−）非発酵、ショ糖（＋）発酵、乳糖（−）非
発酵、メリビオース（−）、セロビオース（−）、トレ
ハロース（＋）、ラフィノース（−）、α−メチル−Ｄ
−グルコシド（−）、可溶性デンプン（−）、イヌリン
（＋）、イノシット（−）、Ｄ−マンニット（−）。(E) Presence or absence of assimilation D-glucose (+) fermentation, D-mannose (+), D
-Galactose (+) fermentation, D-fructose (+),
Maltose (-) non-fermentation, sucrose (+) fermentation, lactose (-) non-fermentation, melibiose (-), cellobiose (-), trehalose (+), raffinose (-), α-methyl-D.
-Glucoside (-), soluble starch (-), inulin (+), inosit (-), D-mannite (-).
【００１１】以上の菌学的性質を、「微生物の分類と同
定（上）改訂版」学会出版センター（１９８４）を参照
して検索した結果、本菌はカンジダ属に属する酵母であ
るが、従来公知の酵母は至適発育温度が３５〜４０℃で
あるのに対し、本菌のそれは２５〜３３℃と異っている
ことから、本菌は新規な酵母であると判定し、カンジダ
（トルロプシス）ＮＳ−１〔Ｃａｎｄｉｄａ（Ｔｏｒｕ
ｌｏｐｓｉｓ）ＮＳ−１〕と命名し、工業技術院微生物
工業技術研究所に微工研菌寄第１３０９４号（ＦＥＲＭ
Ｐ−１３０９４）として寄託した。As a result of searching the above-mentioned mycological properties with reference to "Classification and Identification of Microorganisms (First) Revised Edition", Academic Publishing Center (1984), the bacterium is a yeast belonging to the genus Candida. Known yeast has an optimum growth temperature of 35 to 40 ° C., whereas that of this bacterium differs from 25 to 33 ° C. Therefore, it was determined that this bacterium is a novel yeast, and Candida (torlopsis ) NS-1 [Candida (Toru
Lopsis) NS-1], and was assigned to the Institute of Microbial Science and Technology of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Micro-industry Research Institute No. 13094 (FERM
P-13094).
【００１２】本発明の酵母は、例えばニジマスを放血殺
し、開腹して腸内容物を絞り出し、生理食塩水で１０倍
段階希釈し、酵母菌培養用寒天平板培地に塗抹し、２５
〜３３℃で４８〜７２時間培養して、酵母菌を検出する
ことにより採取することができる。この酵母は、ブドウ
糖等の糖分を含む液体又は固形培地で、２５〜３３℃に
て培養することにより増殖することができる。The yeast of the present invention is prepared by, for example, killing rainbow trout by exsanguination, opening the abdomen to squeeze out the intestinal contents, serially diluting it 10 times with physiological saline, and smearing it on an agar plate medium for yeast culture.
It can be collected by culturing at ~ 33 ° C for 48 to 72 hours and detecting yeast. This yeast can be grown by culturing at 25 to 33 ° C. in a liquid or solid medium containing sugar such as glucose.
【００１３】本発明の酵母は、次の試験例１に示すよう
に、魚病細菌の増殖を抑制する作用を有する。The yeast of the present invention has an action of suppressing the growth of fish disease bacteria, as shown in the following Test Example 1.
【００１４】試験例１ 酵母単独、魚病細菌エトワジェラ・タルダ（Ｅｄｗａｒ
ｄｓｉｅｌｌａ ｔａｒｄａ；以下Ｅ．ｔａｒｄａと略
す。）単独および両者をそれぞれ液体培地（ＺＡＧ培地
成分から寒天を除いたもの）に接種し、２８℃で培養
し、菌数の推移を経時的に測定した。その結果は図１に
示すとおりであり、酵母の存在において魚病細菌の増殖
は顕著に抑制された。Test Example 1 Yeast Alone, Fish Disease Bacterium Etowagera Tarda ( Edwar
dsiella tarda ; hereinafter E. Abbreviated as tarda. ) Single and both were inoculated into a liquid medium (ZAG medium component excluding agar) and cultured at 28 ° C, and the change in the number of bacteria was measured over time. The results are shown in Fig. 1, and the growth of fish disease bacteria was remarkably suppressed in the presence of yeast.
【００１５】このように、本発明の酵母は魚病細菌の増
殖を抑制する作用を有するので、これを魚類飼料に添加
して摂餌させることにより魚病の発生を防止・抑制し、
魚類の生存率を向上させることができる。As described above, since the yeast of the present invention has an action of suppressing the growth of fish disease bacteria, it is added to fish feed to prevent and suppress the occurrence of fish disease,
The survival rate of fish can be improved.
【００１６】本発明の酵母は何れの魚類飼料にも添加す
ることができる。斯かる飼料としては、イワシ、アジ、
サバ、サンマ等の魚肉をそのままあるいは凍結して与え
る生餌、これらの生餌にブラウンミールやホワイトミー
ル等の魚粉や粘結剤を加えてなるモイストペレット、各
種動植物タンパクを原料とするドライペレットやエクス
パンデッドペレットなどの配合飼料があり、これにビタ
ミン、無機塩類等を添加してさらに栄養価を高めるのが
好ましい。斯かる魚類飼料への酵母の添加量は、固形飼
料１個当りに酵母１０3〜１０7個を含むようにし、この
固形飼料を１匹当り１日に１０〜２０個与えるのが好ま
しい。The yeast of the present invention can be added to any fish feed. Such feeds include sardines, horse mackerel,
Raw bait to give fish meat such as mackerel and saury as it is or frozen, moist pellets made by adding fish meal and binder such as brown meal and white meal to these raw baits, dry pellets made from various animal and plant proteins, There are mixed feeds such as expanded pellets, and it is preferable to add vitamins, inorganic salts and the like to further enhance the nutritional value. The amount of yeast added to such fish feed is preferably such that 10 3 to 10 7 yeasts are contained in one solid feed, and 10 to 20 solid feeds are fed per animal per day.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例】次に実施例を挙げて説明する。EXAMPLES Next, examples will be described.
【００１８】実施例１ 酵母を吸着させたＸＰ飼料（日清製粉株式会社製）（１
回目６．１×１０6 ＣＦＵ、２回目は７．４×１０7 Ｃ
ＦＵ）を試験区のニジマス（２０尾、平均体重６０ｇ）
に毎日給餌した。対照区のニジマス（２０尾、平均体重
６０ｇ）には酵母を添加しないＸＰ飼料を給餌した。ニ
ジマスに麻酔をかけ、遠心集菌したレンサ球菌エンテロ
コッカス・セリオリシダ 野外分離株（Ｅｎｔｅｒｏｃ
ｏｃｃｕｓ ｓｅｒｉｏｌｉｃｉｄａ 野外分離株）の
菌液（１０6 ＣＦＵ／ml）１mlをカニューレ法により強
制経口投与した。その投与前、投与直後およびその後２
４時間毎に２尾ずつサンプリングし、腸管内容物中のレ
ンサ球菌数（試験区については酵母菌数も）の推移を測
定した。その結果は図２に示すとおりであり、酵母を与
えた試験区は対照区に比較し、腸管内のレンサ球菌数は
４８時間早く検出限界以下に達した。Example 1 XP feed adsorbing yeast (manufactured by Nisshin Seifun Co., Ltd.) (1
1st time 6.1 × 10 6 CFU, 2nd time 7.4 × 10 7 C
FU) rainbow trout of the test section (20 fish, average weight 60g)
Was fed daily. The rainbow trout (20 fish, average weight 60 g) in the control group was fed with the XP feed containing no yeast. Streptococcus Enterococcus serioricida Field Isolate ( Enteroc)
1 ml of a bacterial solution (10 6 CFU / ml) of occus seriolicida field isolate was orally administered by the cannula method. Before administration, immediately after administration and thereafter 2
Two fish were sampled every 4 hours, and changes in the number of streptococci in the intestinal tract contents (and the number of yeasts in the test area) were measured. The results are shown in FIG. 2, and the number of streptococci in the intestinal tract reached the detection limit 48 hours earlier than in the control group in which the yeast was given, compared with the control group.
【００１９】実施例２ 平均体重５５ｇのマダイをそれぞれ５０尾ずつの試験区
及び対照区とした。試験区には、海産種苗用飼料「おと
ひめ３号」（日清製粉株式会社製）に酵母（１0 7ＣＦ
Ｕ／ml）とレンサ球菌（実施例１と同じ）（１０5ＣＦ
Ｕ／ml）を吸着させたものを、また対照区には、同量の
レンサ球菌のみを吸着させた同海産種苗用飼料を１日
（３回）給餌し、その後は正常の上記海産種苗用飼料を
給餌した。１２、２４、３６、４８時間目及び３、４、
７及び８日目に各区２尾ずつサンプリングし、腸管内容
物中のレンサ球菌数（試験区については酵母菌数も）の
推移を測定した。その結果は図３に示すとおりである。
尚数値は２尾の平均値で示した。Example 2 50 red sea breams each having an average body weight of 55 g were used as a test group and a control group. In the test group, the marine seedling feed "Otohime No. 3" (Nisshin Flour Milling Co., Ltd.), yeast (10 7 CF
U / ml) and streptococci (same as in Example 1) (10 5 CF
U / ml), and the control group was fed with the same amount of streptococcal adsorbed feed for the same marine seedling for 1 day (three times), and then for the normal marine seedling mentioned above. Feed was fed. 12, 24, 36, 48 hours and 3, 4,
On the 7th and 8th days, two samples were sampled from each group, and the change in the number of streptococci (and the number of yeasts in the test group) in the intestinal contents was measured. The result is as shown in FIG.
The numerical values are shown as the average value of two fish.
【００２０】実施例３ 平均体重８０ｇのヒラメをそれぞれ５０尾ずつの試験区
及び対照区とした。試験区には、海産種苗用飼料「おと
ひめ４号」（日清製粉株式会社製）に酵母（１０4ＣＦ
Ｕ／ml）とレンサ球菌（実施例１と同じ）（１０8ＣＦ
Ｕ／ml）を吸着させたものを、また対照区には、同量の
レンサ球菌のみを吸着させた同海産種苗用飼料を１日
（３回）給餌し、その後は正常の上記海産種苗用飼料を
給餌した。これについて実施例２と同様にして腸管内容
物中のレンサ球菌数及び酵母菌数を測定し、その結果を
図４に示した。また、上記の酵母及びレンサ球菌吸着し
た飼料を毎日１３日間給餌したときの結果は図５に示す
とおりである。Example 3 Flounders having an average body weight of 80 g were used as a test group and a control group of 50 fish, respectively. In the test area, feed "Otohime No. 4" for marine seedlings (manufactured by Nisshin Seifun Co., Ltd.), yeast (10 4 CF) was used.
U / ml) and streptococci (same as in Example 1) (10 8 CF)
U / ml), and the control group was fed with the same amount of streptococcal adsorbed feed for the same marine seedling for 1 day (three times), and then for the normal marine seedling mentioned above. Feed was fed. About this, the number of streptococci and the number of yeast in the intestinal contents were measured in the same manner as in Example 2, and the results are shown in FIG. Further, the results of feeding the above-mentioned feed adsorbed with yeast and streptococcus for 13 days every day are as shown in FIG.
【００２１】実施例４ 平均体重１８０ｇのモジャコをそれぞれ６０尾ずつの試
験区及び対照区とした。試験区及び対照区の両方にレン
サ球菌（実施例１と同じ）１０5ＣＦＵ／mlを吸着させ
たモジャコ用飼料「うみさち４号」（日清製粉株式会社
製）を４日間給餌し、その後、試験区には酵母１０5Ｃ
ＦＵ／mlを吸着させた同モジャコ用飼料を、対照区には
酵母無吸着の同モジャコ用飼料を給餌した。これについ
て実施例２と同様にして腸管内容物中のレンサ球菌数及
び酵母菌数を測定し、その結果を図６に示した。Example 4 Mojaco having an average body weight of 180 g was used as a test group and a control group of 60 fish each. Both the test section and the control section were fed with a feed for mojaco "Umisachi No. 4" (manufactured by Nisshin Seifun Co., Ltd.) in which 10 5 CFU / ml of streptococcus (the same as in Example 1) was adsorbed, and then fed. , Test area with yeast 10 5 C
The feed for mojaco adsorbed FU / ml and the feed for mojaco without adsorbed yeast were fed to the control section. About this, the number of streptococci and the number of yeasts in the intestinal contents were measured in the same manner as in Example 2, and the results are shown in FIG.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】本発明の酵母は魚病細菌の増殖を抑制す
る作用を有し、これを添加した魚類飼料を与えると魚病
の発生を防止・抑制し、養魚の生存率を向上させること
ができる。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The yeast of the present invention has an action of suppressing the growth of fish disease bacteria, and when a fish feed containing the yeast is added, it prevents and suppresses the occurrence of fish disease and improves the survival rate of fish farming. You can
【図１】酵母単独、Ｅ．ｔａｒｄａ単独および両者を液
体培地中で培養したときの、各菌の菌数の経時的変化を
示す。FIG. 1. Yeast alone, E. 3 shows changes over time in the number of each bacterium when tarda alone and both were cultured in a liquid medium.
【図２】レンサ球菌を投与したニジマスに酵母配合飼料
を給餌したときのニジマス腸管内容物中のレンサ球菌数
の経時的変化を示す。FIG. 2 shows changes over time in the number of streptococci in the intestinal contents of rainbow trout when a yeast-containing feed was fed to rainbow trout administered with streptococci.
【図３】レンサ球菌を投与したマダイに酵母配合飼料を
１日給餌したときのマダイ腸管内容物中のレンサ球菌数
の経時的変化を示す。FIG. 3 shows changes over time in the number of streptococci in the intestinal contents of red sea bream when yeast-containing feed was fed to red sea bream administered red sea bream for one day.
【図４】レンサ球菌を投与したヒラメに酵母配合飼料を
１日給餌したときのヒラメ腸管内容物中のレンサ球菌数
の経時的変化を示す。FIG. 4 shows changes over time in the number of streptococci in the intestinal contents of flounder when the yeast-containing feed was fed to flounders administered with streptococci for one day.
【図５】レンサ球菌と酵母を吸着した飼料をヒラメに１
３日間給餌したときのヒラメ腸管内容物中のレンサ球菌
数の経時的変化を示す。[Fig. 5] A flounder containing a diet adsorbed streptococcus and yeast
The time-dependent change of the number of streptococci in the intestinal tract contents of Japanese flounder when fed for 3 days is shown.
【図６】レンサ球菌を投与したモジャコに酵母配合飼料
を給餌したときのモジャコ腸管内容物中のレンサ球菌数
の経時的変化を示す。FIG. 6 shows the time-dependent changes in the number of streptococci in the contents of the intestinal tract of the mojaco when the yeast-containing feed was fed to the mojaco administered with the streptococci.
Claims (3)
発育温度が２５〜３３℃のカンジダ属に属する酵母。1. A yeast belonging to the genus Candida, which can be collected from the intestinal tract of fish and has an optimum growth temperature of 25 to 33 ° C.
（微工研菌寄第１３０９４号）と命名された請求項１記
載の酵母。2. A Candida NS-1.
The yeast according to claim 1, which is designated as (Microtechnology Research Institute, No. 13094).
料。3. A fish feed containing the yeast according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5302594A JPH06233658A (en) | 1992-12-17 | 1993-12-02 | Yeast and feed for fishes containing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4-337475 | 1992-12-17 | ||
| JP33747592 | 1992-12-17 | ||
| JP5302594A JPH06233658A (en) | 1992-12-17 | 1993-12-02 | Yeast and feed for fishes containing the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06233658A true JPH06233658A (en) | 1994-08-23 |
Family
ID=26563184
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5302594A Pending JPH06233658A (en) | 1992-12-17 | 1993-12-02 | Yeast and feed for fishes containing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06233658A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2614442A1 (en) * | 1987-04-27 | 1988-10-28 | Canon Kk | THERMAL HEAD AND THERMAL RECORDING APPARATUS USING THE SAME |
-
1993
- 1993-12-02 JP JP5302594A patent/JPH06233658A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2614442A1 (en) * | 1987-04-27 | 1988-10-28 | Canon Kk | THERMAL HEAD AND THERMAL RECORDING APPARATUS USING THE SAME |
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