JPH0623245A - Membrane filter - Google Patents
Membrane filterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0623245A JPH0623245A JP3358229A JP35822991A JPH0623245A JP H0623245 A JPH0623245 A JP H0623245A JP 3358229 A JP3358229 A JP 3358229A JP 35822991 A JP35822991 A JP 35822991A JP H0623245 A JPH0623245 A JP H0623245A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- tank
- treated water
- valve
- cleaning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010800 human waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/22—Controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
- B01D2315/06—Submerged-type; Immersion type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/04—Backflushing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/12—Use of permeate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/18—Use of gases
- B01D2321/185—Aeration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は河川水、井水、湖沼水、
し尿、用水及び廃水などの原水に含まれる懸濁物を濾過
するための膜濾過装置に関する。The present invention relates to river water, well water, lake water,
The present invention relates to a membrane filtration device for filtering a suspension contained in raw water such as human waste, water and waste water.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般的な膜濾過工程では、精密濾過工程
においても、限外濾過工程においても、膜濾過に使用す
る膜モジュールを分類すると、膜の外側から内側に液体
を濾過する外圧型膜モジュールとその反対に膜の内側か
ら外側に液体を濾過する内圧型膜モジュールとに分類さ
れる。また、濾過のために膜モジュールに原水を送る方
式としては、原水を加圧的に膜に圧入させる方式と吸引
的に膜を透過させる方式とがある。2. Description of the Related Art In a general membrane filtration process, in either a microfiltration process or an ultrafiltration process, a membrane module used for membrane filtration is classified into an external pressure type membrane for filtering a liquid from the outside to the inside of the membrane. Modules and conversely internal pressure membrane modules that filter liquid from the inside to the outside of the membrane. In addition, as a method of sending raw water to the membrane module for filtration, there are a method of pressurizing the raw water into the membrane and a method of permeating the membrane by suction.
【０００３】膜濾過の洗浄工程では、洗浄は処理水洗浄
および／あるいは空気を用いたバブリングによって行う
のが基本である。処理水洗浄の場合、図４に示したよう
な設備によって、処理水を一旦処理水槽に貯留し、ポン
プあるいは他の方法で加圧して処理水を膜モジュールに
送って洗浄を行う。空気洗浄は膜濾過装置の底部で膜モ
ジュールの下部に散気管を設置するなどして、空気の気
泡を送って膜モジュールの洗浄を行う。また、処理水洗
浄および／あるいは空気を用いたバブリングによって洗
浄した後、洗浄廃水は膜装置から完全にドレンする方法
が効果的である。In the membrane filtration washing step, washing is basically performed by washing with treated water and / or bubbling with air. In the case of cleaning the treated water, the treated water is temporarily stored in the treated water tank by the equipment as shown in FIG. 4 and is pressurized by a pump or another method to send the treated water to the membrane module for cleaning. For air cleaning, a diffusing tube is installed at the bottom of the membrane filtration device at the bottom of the membrane module, and air bubbles are sent to clean the membrane module. In addition, it is effective to completely drain the cleaning wastewater from the membrane device after cleaning the treated water and / or cleaning by bubbling with air.
【０００４】処理水を一旦処理水槽に滞留させ、処理水
洗浄を行うと、処理水槽の汚れなどが膜内部に流入して
逆汚染することがある。また、原水に溶解性マンガンが
含まれているような場合、溶解性物質は膜を通過するの
で溶解性マンガンは処理水槽に入り、処理水槽に消毒用
の塩素が添加されると酸化されて溶解性マンガンが固形
化する。この固形物が膜内部を汚染することもある。When the treated water is once retained in the treated water tank and washed with the treated water, dirt and the like in the treated water tank may flow into the inside of the membrane to cause reverse contamination. In addition, when the raw water contains soluble manganese, the soluble substances pass through the membrane, so the soluble manganese enters the treated water tank and is oxidized and dissolved when chlorine for disinfection is added to the treated water tank. Solid manganese solidifies. The solid matter may contaminate the inside of the membrane.
【０００５】膜モジュールの膜の汚染が進行して、バブ
リングや処理水洗浄などの通常の洗浄で、透過水量が回
復しなくなった場合には薬品洗浄を行う。薬品洗浄は濃
度を調整した苛性ソーダ水溶液、ＨＣｌ液あるいは次亜
塩素酸ソーダ水溶液などの洗浄液に膜を長時間浸すか、
薬液を膜を通して循環させるかで行う。薬液の循環、ま
たは薬品洗浄後の廃液の中和が必要なため、膜モジュー
ルを濾過装置から取り外して別途の薬品洗浄装置で行
い、再度もとの濾過装置に取り付けるのが一般的な工程
である。しかしながら、膜モジュールを濾過装置から取
り外したり、再度もとの濾過装置に取り付けたりするこ
とを実際に行うことは非常に労力や時間を要することで
ある。When the membrane of the membrane module is contaminated and the amount of permeated water cannot be recovered by ordinary washing such as bubbling or washing with treated water, chemical washing is performed. For chemical cleaning, soak the film in a cleaning solution such as a caustic soda solution, HCl solution, or sodium hypochlorite solution with adjusted concentration for a long time, or
It is done by circulating the drug solution through the membrane. Since it is necessary to circulate the chemical liquid or neutralize the waste liquid after chemical cleaning, it is a general process to remove the membrane module from the filtration device, perform it with a separate chemical cleaning device, and attach it again to the original filtration device. . However, the actual removal and reattachment of the membrane module to the filtration device is very laborious and time consuming.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は上記膜
濾過の洗浄工程における問題点を解消し、簡単でかつ効
率よく膜の洗浄を行うことにある。また、薬液による洗
浄が必要な時も膜モジュールを濾過装置から取り外すこ
となく膜の洗浄を行うことにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the above-mentioned problems in the membrane filtration washing step and to wash the membrane simply and efficiently. Also, when the cleaning with a chemical solution is necessary, the cleaning of the membrane is performed without removing the membrane module from the filtration device.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題は本発明の濾過
装置を開発することによって解決することができる。す
なわち、１）膜モジュールが複数配備されている膜濾過
装置、あるいは膜モジュールが配備されている膜濾過装
置の並列的存在において、一つあるいは一部の膜モジュ
ールからの処理水を直接残りの膜モジュールを洗浄する
洗浄水として使用することを特徴とする膜濾過装置。The above-mentioned problems can be solved by developing a filter device of the present invention. That is, 1) in a membrane filtration device provided with a plurality of membrane modules, or in parallel with a membrane filtration device provided with a membrane module, treated water from one or a part of the membrane modules is directly fed to the remaining membrane. A membrane filtration device characterized by being used as cleaning water for cleaning a module.
【０００８】および、２）膜モジュールが複数配備され
ている膜濾過装置、膜モジュールが配備されている膜濾
過装置の並列的存在において、該濾過装置内で薬品の濃
度の調整、混和、循環および中和を行えるように設備
し、薬品洗浄を該膜モジュールを該装置から取り外すこ
となく行うことを特徴とする膜濾過装置を開発すること
にある。And 2) in a parallel presence of a membrane filtration device having a plurality of membrane modules and a membrane filtration device having a membrane module, adjustment, mixing, circulation and concentration of chemicals in the filtration device. An object of the present invention is to develop a membrane filtration device characterized by being equipped so as to perform neutralization and performing chemical cleaning without removing the membrane module from the device.
【０００９】また本発明の膜濾過方法は膜モジュールが
複数配備されているか、膜モジュールが配備されている
膜濾過装置が複数並列して存在し、相互に配管などで連
結されていることによって可能となる。開放型の膜モジ
ュールの使用が便利な場合には、膜モジュールと吸引ポ
ンプとの組み合わせで原水を吸引的に膜を透過させる方
式とすることが有利である。Further, the membrane filtration method of the present invention can be carried out by providing a plurality of membrane modules, or by providing a plurality of membrane filtration devices having the membrane modules arranged in parallel and interconnecting each other by piping or the like. Becomes When it is convenient to use an open type membrane module, it is advantageous to use a combination of the membrane module and a suction pump to allow raw water to permeate through the membrane.
【００１０】膜濾過の洗浄工程においては、処理水側か
らの汚染を防止するためには膜濾過した処理水を一旦処
理水槽に溜めて用いるのではなく、処理水をそのまま洗
浄水として使用することが最適である。処理水を直接洗
浄水として使用することは、複数の膜モジュール（また
は膜濾過装置）を使用して、濾過の役割りの膜モジュー
ル（または膜濾過装置、以下膜濾過装置は省略する）の
処理水を弁の切替えによって洗浄すべき膜モジュールに
送水することによって行われる。In the washing step of the membrane filtration, in order to prevent contamination from the treated water side, the treated water that has been subjected to the membrane filtration should not be stored once in the treated water tank but used as it is as treated water. Is the best. The use of treated water directly as washing water means that a plurality of membrane modules (or membrane filtration devices) are used to treat the membrane module (or membrane filtration device, hereinafter membrane filtration device is omitted) that plays a role of filtration. This is done by pumping water to the membrane module to be cleaned by switching valves.
【００１１】本発明の濾過装置では膜モジュールを装置
から取り外すことなく膜の洗浄が行え、また装置内で薬
品の濃度の調整、混和、循環および中和を行えることが
特徴である。The filtration device of the present invention is characterized in that the membrane can be washed without removing the membrane module from the device, and the concentration, mixing, circulation and neutralization of the concentration of chemicals can be performed in the device.
【００１２】膜モジュールを装置から取り外すことなく
膜を洗浄し、濾過装置内で薬品の濃度の調整、混和、循
環および中和を行う本発明の工程は、先ず装置内を原水
または処理水で充満し、規定量の薬品を添加して、バブ
リング機能を利用して薬品を装置内で希釈し、洗浄機能
で希釈薬品を膜に通しながら装置内に循環して膜を洗浄
し、洗浄が終了した後、中和用の薬品を添加してバブリ
ング機能を利用して装置内の液を中和し、洗浄工程を終
了する工程よりなる。The process of the present invention in which the membrane is washed without removing the membrane module from the apparatus, and the concentration of chemicals is adjusted, mixed, circulated and neutralized in the filtration apparatus, the apparatus is first filled with raw water or treated water. Then, add a specified amount of chemicals, use the bubbling function to dilute the chemicals in the device, and use the cleaning function to pass the diluted chemicals through the film and circulate in the device to clean the film and complete the cleaning. Then, a chemical for neutralization is added to neutralize the liquid in the apparatus by utilizing the bubbling function, and the cleaning step is completed.
【００１３】上記工程においては薬品を直接濾過装置内
に添加して希釈する方式について記載したが、別の方
式、すなわち別途薬品槽で薬品を規定濃度に希釈してそ
の希釈薬品液を例えばエジェクターにより濾過装置に吸
引注入させる方式や注入ポンプで注入する方式で行って
もよい。In the above process, the method of diluting the chemical by directly adding it into the filtration device has been described. However, another method, that is, diluting the chemical to a specified concentration in a chemical tank separately, and diluting the diluted chemical liquid with, for example, an ejector. It may be performed by a method of suction injection into the filtration device or a method of injection with an injection pump.
【００１４】本発明の膜濾過装置に使用するポンプは、
膜モジュールが濾過槽中に開放型の膜モジュールとして
浸漬されているとき、膜濾過は既に上記した通り吸引ポ
ンプを使用して吸引濾過方式で行われる。しかしながら
本発明の膜濾過装置では膜モジュールの洗浄が濾過に使
用するのと同一のポンプで行われることもある。また装
置内で薬品の濃度の調整、混和、循環および中和などの
操作が行われる場合には定量送液性が要求される。従っ
て、本発明の膜濾過装置に使用するポンプとしては容積
ネジポンプのような加圧および吸入方式に可変でかつ定
量性のあるポンプが望ましい。しかしながら、本発明の
膜濾過装置に使用するポンプは定量ポンプに限定される
ことはなく、弁などを用いて定量性の付与や加圧および
吸入の変更を行って、通常の送液ポンプも使用すること
ができる。The pump used in the membrane filtration device of the present invention is
When the membrane module is immersed in the filtration tank as an open membrane module, the membrane filtration is carried out in suction filtration mode using the suction pump as already described above. However, in the membrane filtration device of the present invention, the washing of the membrane module may be performed by the same pump used for filtration. In addition, when operations such as concentration adjustment, mixing, circulation and neutralization of chemicals are carried out in the device, quantitative liquid feeding property is required. Therefore, as the pump used in the membrane filtration apparatus of the present invention, it is desirable to use a variable-volume pump such as a positive displacement screw pump that is variable in the pressurization and suction systems and has a quantitative property. However, the pump used in the membrane filtration device of the present invention is not limited to a metering pump, and a normal liquid transfer pump can also be used by applying a metering property or changing pressurization and suction using a valve or the like. can do.
【００１５】膜モジュールを薬品を用いて洗浄する場合
に用いる薬品としては、苛性ソーダ、次亜塩素酸ソー
ダ、過酸化水素水、塩酸、その他公知の多くの薬品が使
用できる。As the chemicals used when the membrane module is washed with chemicals, caustic soda, sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide solution, hydrochloric acid and many other known chemicals can be used.
【００１６】また、上記複数の膜モジュールを使用し
て、濾過の役割りの膜モジュールの処理水を、弁の切替
えによって洗浄すべき膜モジュール（または膜濾過装
置）に送水する設備と、薬品の濃度の調整、混和、循環
および中和を行う設備とを同一濾過装置に設備して、上
記１）および２）に記載の目的を同一濾過装置で行うこ
とも可能である。Further, using the above-mentioned plurality of membrane modules, a facility for sending the treated water of the membrane module which plays a role of filtration to the membrane module (or membrane filtration device) to be cleaned by switching the valve, and a chemical It is also possible to equip the same filtration device with the facilities for adjusting the concentration, mixing, circulation and neutralization, and to carry out the purposes described in 1) and 2) above.
【００１７】しかしまた、複数の膜濾過装置が存在する
場合には、その複数の膜濾過装置の間に配管などによっ
て相互に連結して、その内一部の膜濾過装置は膜濾過工
程を行っている時点で、他の一部の膜濾過装置が膜洗浄
の工程を行っているという膜濾過方式も本発明の膜濾過
装置の１変形である。However, when there are a plurality of membrane filtration devices, the plurality of membrane filtration devices are connected to each other by piping or the like, and some of the membrane filtration devices perform the membrane filtration process. The membrane filtration system in which some of the other membrane filtration devices are performing the membrane washing step at that time is also a modification of the membrane filtration device of the present invention.
【００１８】さらにまた、上記同様に複数の膜濾過装置
が存在する場合に、その内一部の膜濾過装置にのみ薬品
の濃度の調整、混和、循環および中和を行う設備を設置
して、他の一部の膜濾過装置の膜の薬品洗浄には前記一
部の膜濾過装置の薬品調整設備などを利用して薬品洗浄
を行うことも本発明の膜濾過装置の１変形である。その
他種々の変形が上記処理水洗浄方式と薬品洗浄方式の組
み合わせで考えられるがそれらはすべて本発明の膜濾過
装置の範疇に属する。Furthermore, when a plurality of membrane filtration devices are present as in the above, only some of the membrane filtration devices are equipped with facilities for adjusting, mixing, circulating and neutralizing the concentration of chemicals, It is a modification of the membrane filtration device of the present invention that the chemical cleaning of the membrane of the other part of the membrane filtration device is performed by using the chemical adjustment equipment of the part of the membrane filtration device. Various other modifications can be considered by combining the above-mentioned treated water cleaning method and chemical cleaning method, but all of them belong to the category of the membrane filtration device of the present invention.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例】以下、具体的実施例を示して本発明を説明す
るが、以下の説明は本発明の膜洗浄の１例であり本発明
がこれに限定されるものではない。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but the following description is one example of the membrane cleaning of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
【００２０】（実施例−１）図１に示した本発明の膜濾
過装置では、該装置の濾過槽１は原水で充満されてお
り、その濾過槽１中に３本の外圧型膜モジュールが浸漬
されている。３本の外圧型膜モジュール３（３Ａ、３
Ｂ、３Ｃ）はそれぞれ三方弁５（５Ａ、５Ｂ、５Ｃ）を
経由して流出管１２で処理水槽４に連結されており、そ
の途中に吸引ポンプ２と流出弁６が配置されている。(Embodiment 1) In the membrane filtration apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the filtration tank 1 of the apparatus is filled with raw water, and the filtration tank 1 contains three external pressure type membrane modules. It is immersed. Three external pressure type membrane modules 3 (3A, 3
B, 3C) are respectively connected to the treated water tank 4 by the outflow pipe 12 via the three-way valve 5 (5A, 5B, 5C), and the suction pump 2 and the outflow valve 6 are arranged in the middle thereof.
【００２１】三方弁５の構造は図３に示したようで、弁
の操作で流出系と循環系とに切替えられる。濾過槽１の
底部には散気管１１が設けられており、ブロア１０で散
気管１１に空気を送り、濾過モジュール３に気泡を供給
して空気による洗浄ができる。また散気弁と濾過槽１の
上部の排気排水弁８を閉じて、加圧弁を開き、ブロアを
運転して濾過槽１に加圧空気を送り膜濾過装置内を加圧
してドレン弁７より排水できるようになっている。The structure of the three-way valve 5 is as shown in FIG. 3, and can be switched between the outflow system and the circulation system by operating the valve. An air diffuser 11 is provided at the bottom of the filtration tank 1, and air can be sent to the air diffuser 11 by the blower 10 to supply air bubbles to the filtration module 3 for cleaning with air. Further, the diffuser valve and the exhaust drainage valve 8 on the upper part of the filtration tank 1 are closed, the pressurizing valve is opened, the blower is operated, pressurized air is sent to the filtration tank 1 to pressurize the inside of the membrane filtration device, and the drain valve 7 is operated. It can be drained.
【００２２】濾過を行う時は、排気排水弁８を開き、ブ
ロア系の弁は閉じ、三方弁５を流出系とし、流出弁を開
き、原水を供給しながら吸引ポンプ２で吸引して濾過を
行い、濾過した処理水を処理水槽４に送る。濾過槽１の
洗浄を行う時には、通常は三方弁５を循環系とし、処理
水槽からポンプで処理水を送って洗浄するが、本発明の
膜濾過装置では既に上記した通り処理水側からの汚染を
防止するために処理水槽からの処理水で洗浄するのでは
なく、処理水をそのまま洗浄水として使用する方式とな
っている。すなわち、図１の装置では例えば三方弁５Ａ
を循環系に切替え、三方弁５ＢおよびＣは流出系とし、
流出弁６は閉じて、膜モジュール３Ｂおよび３Ｃからの
処理水を吸引ポンプ２で直接三方弁５Ａを経て膜モジュ
ール３Ａに注入して洗浄する。When performing filtration, the exhaust / drain valve 8 is opened, the blower system valve is closed, the three-way valve 5 is used as an outflow system, the outflow valve is opened, and suction is performed by the suction pump 2 while supplying raw water to perform filtration. The processed and filtered treated water is sent to the treated water tank 4. When the filtration tank 1 is washed, normally, the three-way valve 5 is used as a circulation system, and the treated water is pumped from the treated water tank for cleaning. However, in the membrane filtration device of the present invention, the contamination from the treated water side has already been described above. In order to prevent this, instead of washing with treated water from the treated water tank, the treated water is used as is as washing water. That is, in the device of FIG. 1, for example, the three-way valve 5A
To the circulation system, and the three-way valves 5B and C as the outflow system,
The outflow valve 6 is closed, and the treated water from the membrane modules 3B and 3C is injected by the suction pump 2 directly into the membrane module 3A via the three-way valve 5A for cleaning.
【００２３】三方弁５Ａ、５Ｂ、５Ｃは順次循環系に切
替え、それぞれ循環系に切替えられた膜モジュールを洗
浄する仕組みとなっている。吸引ポンプ２は弁の切替え
によって吸引圧が変動しても送水量は変動しない容積ポ
ンプとすることが望ましい。なお、三方弁にかえて二方
弁を２個用いても構わない。The three-way valves 5A, 5B and 5C have a mechanism for sequentially switching to the circulation system and cleaning the membrane modules respectively switched to the circulation system. It is desirable that the suction pump 2 be a volumetric pump in which the water supply amount does not fluctuate even if the suction pressure fluctuates by switching the valve. Two two-way valves may be used instead of the three-way valve.
【００２４】図１に膜濾過装置では、各膜モジュール毎
の洗浄方法を示したが、複数の膜濾過装置が存在する場
合には、その内一部の膜濾過装置は膜濾過工程を行って
いて、処理水が流出しているその処理水を他の一部の膜
濾過装置の膜モジュールに送ってその膜洗浄を行なう膜
濾過方式が行える。FIG. 1 shows a cleaning method for each membrane module in the membrane filtration device. When a plurality of membrane filtration devices exist, some of them perform the membrane filtration process. Then, a membrane filtration system can be performed in which the treated water flowing out is sent to the membrane module of some other membrane filtration device to wash the membrane.
【００２５】膜洗浄が終了後ドレン工程では、ドレン弁
７を開の状態とし、排気排水弁を閉じ、加圧弁を開の状
態としてブロア１０を駆動すると濾過槽１内の水は空気
源の圧力で排水するのが好ましい。After the membrane cleaning, in the drain process, the drain valve 7 is opened, the exhaust / drain valve is closed, and the pressurizing valve is opened. When the blower 10 is driven, the water in the filtration tank 1 is at the pressure of the air source. It is preferable to drain at.
【００２６】図２を使用して、薬品を用いて洗浄する場
合について説明する。図２において、膜濾過槽１は原水
で満たされた状態にあるとする。膜濾過槽１に直接薬液
を添加して膜濾過槽１中で所定の薬品濃度に希釈する場
合には、予め膜濾過槽１の容積は知られているので、洗
浄に必要な濃度になるような量の薬液を添加し、槽底の
散気管からの空気のバブリングによって槽中の薬液の濃
度を均一にする。The case of cleaning with a chemical will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 2, the membrane filtration tank 1 is assumed to be filled with raw water. When the chemical solution is added directly to the membrane filtration tank 1 to dilute it to a predetermined chemical concentration in the membrane filtration tank 1, the volume of the membrane filtration tank 1 is known in advance, so that the concentration required for cleaning should be adjusted. An appropriate amount of the chemical liquid is added, and the concentration of the chemical liquid in the tank is made uniform by bubbling air from the air diffuser at the bottom of the tank.
【００２７】もし、原水が汚染状態にあり、槽中の原水
に直接添加することが不適当な場合には槽内の原水の全
量をドレン後処理水槽の処理水を槽内に送水し充満させ
て、上記同様にして所定濃度の洗浄液を得る。If the raw water is contaminated and it is inappropriate to add it directly to the raw water in the tank, the entire amount of the raw water in the tank is drained and the treated water in the post-treatment water tank is fed to fill the tank. Then, a cleaning solution having a predetermined concentration is obtained in the same manner as above.
【００２８】所定濃度の洗浄液が得られたら、槽中の洗
浄液を循環しての洗浄操作にはいる。槽中の洗浄液を循
環するためには、膜モジュール１５の一つ例えば１５Ａ
の三方弁２０Ａを循環系の状態とし、他の三方弁２０Ｂ
および２０Ｃは流出系の状態とする。処理水ポンプ１８
を起動し、洗浄液を膜モジュール１５Ｂおよび１５Ｃか
ら吸引し膜モジュール１５Ａに膜の内側より注入して膜
を透過させる。この洗浄液の循環を膜モジュール１５Ａ
の膜の濾過抵抗値が新品の状態になるまで行い、その後
膜モジュール１５Ｂの三方弁２０Ｂを循環系の状態と
し、他の三方弁２０Ｃおよび２０Ａは流出系の状態とい
うように三方弁を切り換えてすべての膜モジュールを洗
浄する。When the cleaning liquid having a predetermined concentration is obtained, the cleaning operation is started by circulating the cleaning liquid in the tank. In order to circulate the cleaning liquid in the tank, one of the membrane modules 15 such as 15A is used.
The three-way valve 20A is set to the state of the circulation system, and the other three-way valve 20B is set.
And 20C are in an outflow system state. Treated water pump 18
The cleaning liquid is sucked from the membrane modules 15B and 15C and injected into the membrane module 15A from the inside of the membrane to allow the membrane to permeate. This cleaning liquid is circulated through the membrane module 15A.
The filtration resistance value of the membrane is changed to a new state, and then the three-way valve 20B of the membrane module 15B is set to the circulation system state, and the other three-way valves 20C and 20A are switched to the outflow system state by switching the three-way valve. Wash all membrane modules.
【００２９】薬液による洗浄が終了したら、槽中に中和
用の薬品を添加して槽中の液の３本の膜モジュールを通
しての循環を続け、槽内の液が中和されたことをｐＨ測
定によって確認して、洗浄の全工程を終了する。膜モジ
ュールの洗浄が終了したら、直ちに通常の膜濾過処理を
再開することができる。上記説明は膜濾過槽１に直接薬
液を添加して膜濾過槽１中で所定の薬品濃度に希釈する
場合について説明したが、他の方式として、薬品槽２３
からエジェクタ２２を使用して薬液を吸引し、膜モジュ
ール１５を通して膜濾過槽１に薬液を添加する方式や別
途薬液注入ポンプを使用して注入する方式も行うことが
できる。After the cleaning with the chemical solution is completed, a neutralizing chemical is added to the tank and circulation of the solution in the tank through the three membrane modules is continued to confirm that the solution in the tank is neutralized. Confirm by measurement and complete all steps of washing. Once the membrane module has been washed, the normal membrane filtration process can be resumed immediately. In the above description, the case where the chemical liquid is directly added to the membrane filtration tank 1 to dilute it to a predetermined chemical concentration in the membrane filtration tank 1 has been described.
It is also possible to employ a method of sucking the chemical solution using the ejector 22 and adding the chemical solution to the membrane filtration tank 1 through the membrane module 15 or a method of separately injecting the chemical solution using a chemical solution injection pump.
【００３０】活性汚泥処理法による汚水処理工程に膜濾
過装置を利用して効率よく汚泥を分離・濃縮することが
できる。すなわち、処理槽中あるいは沈澱池中に膜モジ
ュールを浸漬して吸引方式で膜濾過で汚泥を上澄水と濃
縮汚泥とに分離して汚泥を濃縮し、活性汚泥処理工程の
効率化をはかることができる。A membrane filtration device can be utilized in the sewage treatment process by the activated sludge treatment method to efficiently separate and concentrate the sludge. That is, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the activated sludge treatment process by immersing the membrane module in a treatment tank or a sedimentation tank and separating the sludge into supernatant water and concentrated sludge by membrane filtration by a suction method to concentrate the sludge. it can.
【００３１】活性汚泥処理法による汚水処理工程に膜濾
過装置を利用した場合に、本発明の洗浄方式を利用する
と便利である。活性汚泥処理法による汚水処理工程の場
合には処理槽中に直接薬品を添加することは不適当で、
薬品槽中で薬品を希釈して、処理槽中に添加することが
望まれる。It is convenient to use the cleaning system of the present invention when the membrane filtration device is used in the sewage treatment process by the activated sludge treatment method. In the case of sewage treatment process by activated sludge treatment method, it is not appropriate to add chemicals directly into the treatment tank.
It is desired to dilute the chemical in the chemical bath and add it to the processing bath.
【００３２】[0032]
【発明の効果】本発明は膜モジュールが配備されている
膜濾過装置において、ポンプ好ましくは定量ポンプと、
弁とを配置して、膜処理水を直接洗浄水として使用する
膜洗浄を行うことができる。また、この膜濾過装置に、
必要ならば薬品槽を設けて、薬液による膜洗浄を膜モジ
ュールを装置から取り外すことなく、効率よく行うこと
ができる。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention relates to a membrane filtration device provided with a membrane module, which is preferably a pump and a metering pump,
A valve can be arranged to perform membrane cleaning using the membrane-treated water directly as cleaning water. In addition, this membrane filtration device,
If necessary, a chemical tank can be provided to efficiently perform membrane cleaning with a chemical solution without removing the membrane module from the apparatus.
【図１】図１は本発明の膜濾過装置による膜モジュール
を洗浄する工程のフロー図。FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process of cleaning a membrane module by the membrane filtration device of the present invention.
【図２】図２は本発明の膜濾過装置により、膜モジュー
ルを薬液により洗浄する工程のフロー図。FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process of cleaning a membrane module with a chemical solution by the membrane filtration device of the present invention.
【図３】図３は本発明の膜濾過装置に使用する三方弁の
流路を説明する図。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a flow path of a three-way valve used in the membrane filtration device of the present invention.
【図４】図４は加圧ポンプによる膜濾過の工程フロー
図。FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram of membrane filtration using a pressure pump.
１ 濾過槽 １４ 濾過槽 ２ 吸引ポンプ １５Ａ 膜モジュール
Ａ ３Ａ 膜モジュールＡ １５Ｂ 膜モジュール
Ｂ ３Ｂ 膜モジュールＢ １５Ｃ 膜モジュール
Ｃ ３Ｃ 膜モジュールＣ １６ ブロア ４ 処理水槽 １７ 散気管 ５Ａ 三方弁Ａ １８ 処理水ポンプ ５Ｂ 三方弁Ｂ １９ 処理水槽 ５Ｃ 三方弁Ｃ ２０Ａ 三方弁Ａ ６ 流出弁 ２０Ｂ 三方弁Ｂ ７ ドレン弁 ２０Ｃ 三方弁Ｃ ８ 排気排水弁 ２１ 洗浄弁 ９ 加圧弁 ２２ エジェクター １０ ブロア ２３ 薬品槽 １１ 散気管 ２４ 流出管 １２ 流出管 ２５ 洗浄管 １３ 洗浄管1 Filtration tank 14 Filtration tank 2 Suction pump 15A Membrane module A 3A Membrane module A 15B Membrane module B 3B Membrane module B 15C Membrane module C 3C Membrane module C 16 Blower 4 Treated water tank 17 Air diffuser 5A Three-way valve A 18 Treated water pump 5B Three-way valve B 19 Treated water tank 5C Three-way valve C 20A Three-way valve A 6 Outflow valve 20B Three-way valve B 7 Drain valve 20C Three-way valve C 8 Exhaust drain valve 21 Wash valve 9 Pressurizing valve 22 Ejector 10 Blower 23 Chemical tank 11 Diffuser pipe 24 Outflow Pipe 12 Outflow pipe 25 Washing pipe 13 Washing pipe
Claims (2)
過装置、あるいは膜モジュールが配備されている膜濾過
装置の並列的存在において、一つあるいは一部の膜モジ
ュールからの処理水を直接残りの膜モジュールを洗浄す
る洗浄水として使用することを特徴とする膜濾過装置。1. In a membrane filtration device provided with a plurality of membrane modules, or in parallel with a membrane filtration device provided with a membrane module, treated water from one or a part of the membrane modules is directly removed from the remaining membrane. A membrane filtration device, which is used as washing water for washing a membrane module.
過装置、膜モジュールが配備されている膜濾過装置の並
列的存在において、該濾過装置内で薬品の濃度の調整、
混和、循環および中和を行えるように設備し、薬品洗浄
を該膜モジュールを該装置から取り外すことなく行うこ
とを特徴とする膜濾過装置。2. A membrane filtration device having a plurality of membrane modules arranged therein, and a membrane filtration device having the membrane modules arranged in parallel, wherein the concentration of chemicals is adjusted in the filtration device.
A membrane filtration device equipped with facilities for mixing, circulating and neutralizing, and performing chemical cleaning without removing the membrane module from the device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3358229A JP2782566B2 (en) | 1991-12-27 | 1991-12-27 | Membrane filtration device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3358229A JP2782566B2 (en) | 1991-12-27 | 1991-12-27 | Membrane filtration device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0623245A true JPH0623245A (en) | 1994-02-01 |
| JP2782566B2 JP2782566B2 (en) | 1998-08-06 |
Family
ID=18458211
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3358229A Expired - Fee Related JP2782566B2 (en) | 1991-12-27 | 1991-12-27 | Membrane filtration device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2782566B2 (en) |
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| US7063788B2 (en) | 1995-08-11 | 2006-06-20 | Zenon Environmental Inc. | Apparatus for withdrawing permeate using an immersed vertical skein of hollow fibre membranes |
| US7087173B2 (en) | 1995-08-11 | 2006-08-08 | Zenon Environmental Inc. | Inverted cavity aerator for membrane module |
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| US20100326897A1 (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 2010-12-30 | Mailvaganam Mahendran | Membrane filtration module with adjustable header spacing |
| KR101029589B1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2011-04-15 | 유네코개발 주식회사 | Water treatment apparatus having multiple straw filters |
| WO2012033084A1 (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2012-03-15 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | Hollow fiber membrane module and hollow fiber membrane unit |
| WO2014200210A1 (en) * | 2013-06-10 | 2014-12-18 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | Filtration system and filtration method |
| EP3458182A4 (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2020-03-11 | Global Algae Innovations, Inc. | Biological and algae harvesting and cultivation systems and methods |
| US11767501B2 (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2023-09-26 | Global Algae Technology, LLC | Biological and algae harvesting and cultivation systems and methods |
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| KR101926857B1 (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-03-07 | (주)엠비티 | Automatic cleaning system of separation membrane and method using the same |
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| JP2782566B2 (en) | 1998-08-06 |
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