JPH06221694A - Freezer device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate installation of an oil storing device and to enable a freezer device to be compact in size by a method wherein when an oil returning operation for returning back oil to a compressor for any freezer having a reduced oil volume is carried out after an elapse of a predetermined time, an opening or closing value at an oil separator in the oil returning passage is closed, and all the other opening/ closing values at a bypassing passage is opened in its valve operation. CONSTITUTION:Opening/closing control of solenoid valves 12a, 12b and 20 under an operation of a controller 22 is carried out in such a manner that when an oil surface switch 15a for a freezer A, for example, detects lowering of oil level, an opening signal is outputted from a controller 14a to a solenoid valve 13a and as an oil returning operation for returning oil of the freezer back to a compressor 4a of which lack of oil volume is detected from an oil storing part of an oil separator 5a is continued for a predetermined time, for example, 10 seconds, a closing signal is outputted to the solenoid valve 12a which is near the oil separator 5a and at the time opening signals are outputted to the solenoid valves 20 and 20. With such an arrangement as above, an operation for returning oil of the freezer back to the freezer A from a freezer B into which a large amount of oil of freezer is flowed is started and then the lack of oil of the freezer in the compressor 4a is rapidly eliminated.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、圧縮機・凝縮器などの
冷凍機部を複数連結して大容量の冷凍装置を形成する技
術に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for forming a large-capacity refrigeration system by connecting a plurality of refrigeration units such as compressors and condensers.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】冷凍機を複数連結し、冷媒回路の一部を
共通配管として大容量化する冷凍装置においては、冷凍
機油が偏在し勝ちであり、冷凍機油が不足となった圧縮
機で潤滑の不都合が生じると云った問題がある。すなわ
ち、圧縮機から冷媒と共に吐出された冷凍機油は、油分
離器によって大部分は冷媒から分離されるが、一部の冷
凍機油は油分離器を通り抜けて凝縮器・膨張弁・蒸発器
へと流れ、各冷凍機に戻ってくる。2. Description of the Related Art In a refrigerating machine in which a plurality of refrigerating machines are connected and a part of a refrigerant circuit is used as a common pipe for increasing the capacity, refrigerating machine oil is apt to be unevenly distributed, and lubrication is performed by a compressor that runs out of refrigerating machine oil. There is a problem that the inconvenience occurs. That is, most of the refrigerating machine oil discharged from the compressor together with the refrigerant is separated from the refrigerant by the oil separator, but some refrigerating machine oil passes through the oil separator to the condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator. Flow back to each refrigerator.

【０００３】しかし、途中に共通の配管があるため、合
流後再度分流する時に冷凍機油を均等（出力が異なる冷
凍機の場合は圧縮機油吐出量に応じて）に分配すること
が不可能であり、各圧縮機に戻る油量が偏ってしまい、
油戻りの悪い圧縮機において潤滑の不都合が生じる危険
がある。したがって、装置を安定に運転するためには各
冷凍機間に均油機構を設ける必要がある。However, since there is a common pipe in the middle, it is impossible to evenly distribute the refrigerating machine oil (in the case of refrigerating machines having different outputs, according to the discharge amount of the compressor oil) when dividing the flow again. , The amount of oil returned to each compressor is biased,
There is a risk of inconvenience of lubrication in a compressor with poor oil return. Therefore, in order to operate the device stably, it is necessary to provide an oil leveling mechanism between the refrigerators.

【０００４】このため、従来は図４に示す様に、内部に
浮子を内蔵する油分離器５ｇ・５ｈを用いて冷媒より分
離した冷凍機油を、浮子の動作により一旦共通の油貯溜
器２５に蓄え、各圧縮機４に取り付けた浮子式レギュレ
ータ２６を通じて油面の低下に応じて各圧縮機に冷凍機
油を分配していた。Therefore, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 4, the refrigerating machine oil separated from the refrigerant by using the oil separators 5g and 5h having a built-in float is temporarily stored in a common oil reservoir 25 by the operation of the float. Refrigerating machine oil was stored and distributed to each compressor through the float type regulator 26 attached to each compressor 4 according to the decrease of the oil level.

【０００５】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする問題点】しかし、図４の従来
の冷凍装置においては、以下の欠点があった。２台の冷
凍機Ｇ・Ｈを現地にて組み合わせて大容量の冷凍装置を
形成する時、共通の油貯溜器２５が各冷凍機以外に必
要になる。この油貯溜器は内部低圧式でここから各圧
縮機の間は、冷凍機油をヘッド差により供給するため、
油貯溜器は浮子式レギュレータ２６より一定高さ以上の
位置に配する必要があり、この間の配管は温度の低い冷
凍機油が確実に流れる様に３／８〜１／２インチ程度の
比較的太い配管を使用する必要がある。油貯溜器回り
の配管本数が多くなる。［（油分離器−油貯溜器）×２
本、（油貯溜器−浮子式レギュレータ）×２本、（油貯
溜器−吸入配管）×１本の合計５本］。浮子式レギュ
レータは浮子・弁機構を内蔵するため大型で、かつ圧縮
機に直接取り付けなければならないため、標準冷凍機の
圧縮機回りに浮子式レギュレータを取り付けるスペース
を確保しなければならい。すなわち、現地工事の複雑化
（）・標準冷凍機の大型化（）などの問題が生
じてくると云った問題点があり、これらの解決が課題と
なっていた。However, the conventional refrigerating apparatus shown in FIG. 4 has the following drawbacks. When the two refrigerators G and H are locally combined to form a large-capacity refrigerator, a common oil reservoir 25 is required in addition to each refrigerator. This oil reservoir is an internal low pressure type, and between each compressor from here the refrigerating machine oil is supplied by the head difference,
It is necessary to arrange the oil reservoir at a position higher than a certain height than the float type regulator 26, and the pipe between them is relatively thick, about 3/8 to 1/2 inch, so that the refrigerating machine oil having a low temperature flows surely. Plumbing must be used. The number of pipes around the oil reservoir increases. [(Oil Separator-Oil Reservoir) x 2
5 pieces, (oil reservoir-float regulator) x 2 and (oil reservoir-suction pipe) x 1]. Since the float type regulator has a built-in float / valve mechanism, it must be installed directly on the compressor. Therefore, it is necessary to secure a space for installing the float type regulator around the compressor of the standard refrigerator. In other words, there are problems such as complication of on-site work () and enlargement of standard refrigerator (), and there has been a problem to solve these problems.

【０００６】[0006]

【問題を解決するための手段】本発明は従来技術の課題
を解決するためになされたもので、圧縮機・貯油部を有
する油分離器・凝縮器・受液器などを冷媒管で順次接続
して形成する冷媒経路と、開閉弁を有する油管により油
分離器の貯油部と圧縮器とを連通可能に接続する返油経
路とを備えた冷凍機複数を、一部の共通冷媒配管に並列
接続した冷凍装置において、全ての返油経路がそれぞれ
２個の開閉弁を有し、全ての返油経路の開閉弁−開閉弁
間の油管同士を、開閉弁を有する側路管を介して相互に
連通可能に接続し、返油経路に設けた二個の開閉弁を同
時に開いて行う、油量が減少した任意の冷凍機の圧縮機
への返油動作が、所定時間を経過して行われた時、当該
の返油経路の油分離器側開閉弁を閉じ、他の全ての側路
用開閉弁を開とする弁操作を行うことを特徴とする冷凍
装置を提供するものである。The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art, and a compressor, an oil separator having an oil storage portion, a condenser, a liquid receiver, etc. are sequentially connected by a refrigerant pipe. A plurality of refrigerators each having a refrigerant path formed by the above and an oil return path that connects the oil storage section of the oil separator and the compressor to each other by an oil pipe having an on-off valve in parallel with some common refrigerant pipes. In the connected refrigeration system, all the oil return paths each have two opening / closing valves, and the oil pipes between the opening / closing valves and the opening / closing valves of all the oil returning paths are mutually connected via the bypass pipe having the opening / closing valve. The oil return operation to the compressor of an arbitrary refrigerator with a reduced oil quantity is performed after a predetermined time has elapsed, by connecting the two open / close valves provided in the oil return path at the same time. When this happens, close the on-off valves on the oil separator side of the oil return path and open all on-off valves for other bypasses. There is provided a refrigeration apparatus which is characterized in that the valve operation.

【０００７】[0007]

【作用】冷凍機油量が減少した圧縮機には、当該返油経
路の２個の開閉弁を同時に開とすることで、油分離器の
貯油部に溜った冷凍機油が油不足となった圧縮機に供給
され、当該圧縮機の油不足は通常速やかに解消される
が、所定量の冷凍機油が含まれない状態で冷媒が還流し
てきた冷凍機があると、この冷凍機においては循環する
油量が次第に減少するので、油分離器の貯油部が油量不
足となっている時があり、この時には当該返油経路の開
閉弁を開いても冷凍機（圧縮機）の速やかな油不足は図
れない。[Function] For a compressor with a reduced amount of refrigerating machine oil, the two on-off valves of the oil return path are simultaneously opened, so that the refrigerating machine oil accumulated in the oil storage section of the oil separator becomes an oil shortage. The oil shortage of the compressor is usually solved promptly, but if there is a refrigerator in which the refrigerant has recirculated without a predetermined amount of refrigerating machine oil, the oil circulating in this refrigerator is Since the amount gradually decreases, there are times when the oil storage part of the oil separator is running out of oil, and at this time, even if the on-off valve of the oil return path is opened, there is no rapid oil shortage in the refrigerator (compressor). I can't plan.

【０００８】所定時間が経過しても、返油経路の２個の
開閉弁を同時に開として行う上記返油動作が完了しない
時には、返油経路の起点となる油分離器の貯油部に十分
な量の冷凍機油が溜ってないと判断し、当該返油経路の
油分離器側開閉弁を閉じ、他の全ての側路用電磁弁を開
とする弁操作が行われ、油不足の冷凍機に他の冷凍機の
油分離器で分離された十分な量の冷凍機油が供給される
ので、当該冷凍機（圧縮機）の冷凍機油不足が速やかに
解消される。When the above-mentioned oil return operation, which is performed by opening the two on-off valves of the oil return path at the same time, is not completed even after a lapse of a predetermined time, it is sufficient for the oil storage part of the oil separator which is the starting point of the oil return path. When it is judged that the amount of refrigerating machine oil has not accumulated, the on / off valve on the oil separator side of the oil return path is closed and all other bypass solenoid valves are opened. Since a sufficient amount of refrigerating machine oil separated by the oil separator of another refrigerating machine is supplied to, the shortage of refrigerating machine oil in the refrigerator (compressor) is promptly resolved.

【０００９】[0009]

【実施例】図１に基づいて第１の実施例を詳細に説明す
る。図中、Ａ・Ｂは、それぞれに圧縮機・凝縮器などを
有する冷凍機であって、共通の配管、すなわち吸入配管
１と吐出配管２とに接続されて、共通の冷却負荷（図示
せず）に冷媒を協同して供給することができるようにな
っている。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the figure, A and B are refrigerators each having a compressor and a condenser, and are connected to a common pipe, that is, a suction pipe 1 and a discharge pipe 2, and have a common cooling load (not shown). ) Can be supplied with the refrigerant in cooperation.

【００１０】この場合、冷凍機Ａ・Ｂは同じ構造である
ので冷凍機Ａについて説明すると、吸入配管１を通って
還流し、気液分離器３を経て圧縮機４に吸入された冷媒
ガスは、ここで圧縮されて高温高圧のガスになって吐出
し油分離器５に流入する。冷媒ガスと一緒に圧縮機４か
ら吐出した冷凍機油の殆どは、油分離器５で冷媒から分
離され、油分離器５の下部に設けた貯油部（図示せず）
に溜る。In this case, since the refrigerators A and B have the same structure, the refrigerator A will be described. Refrigerant gas that has recirculated through the suction pipe 1 and has been sucked into the compressor 4 through the gas-liquid separator 3 is Here, the gas is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which is discharged and flows into the oil separator 5. Most of the refrigerating machine oil discharged from the compressor 4 together with the refrigerant gas is separated from the refrigerant by the oil separator 5, and an oil storage section (not shown) provided under the oil separator 5
Collect in.

【００１１】少量の冷凍機油を含有して吐出した冷媒ガ
スは、空冷式の凝縮器６に流入してここで凝縮され、高
圧の液となる。この高圧の液は受液器７に流入し、液分
のみがサービス弁８を経由し、フィルタドライヤ９・サ
イトグラス１０を通って前記吐出配管２に供給され、冷
却負荷（図示せず）と所要の熱交換をして前記吸入配管
１より気液分離器３・圧縮機４に還流する。The refrigerant gas discharged containing a small amount of refrigerating machine oil flows into the air-cooled condenser 6 where it is condensed and becomes a high-pressure liquid. This high-pressure liquid flows into the liquid receiver 7, and only the liquid component is supplied to the discharge pipe 2 through the service valve 8, the filter dryer 9 and the sight glass 10, and the cooling load (not shown) is supplied. After performing the required heat exchange, the gas is recirculated from the suction pipe 1 to the gas-liquid separator 3 and the compressor 4.

【００１２】内部が高圧になっている油分離器５で冷媒
から分離され、その下部の貯油部に溜った冷凍機油を、
圧縮機４の低圧クランクケースに還流させるための返油
経路１１が、二つの電磁弁１２・１３を途中に有する油
管によって形成してあり、電磁弁１３はコントローラ１
４からの指示によって開閉が制御される。The refrigerating machine oil separated from the refrigerant by the oil separator 5 whose internal pressure is high and accumulated in the oil storage section below the refrigerating machine oil is
The oil return path 11 for returning to the low pressure crankcase of the compressor 4 is formed by an oil pipe having two solenoid valves 12 and 13 in the middle thereof, and the solenoid valve 13 is the controller 1
Opening and closing are controlled by instructions from 4.

【００１３】コントローラ１４は、圧縮機４にフレア継
ぎ手などにより接続された油面スイッチ１５の油面低下
の信号を受けて電磁弁１３に開信号を出力するので、圧
力差により通常時開の電磁弁１２と、コントローラ１４
の信号を受けて開となった電磁弁１３を通って、油分離
器５の貯油部に溜った冷凍機油が、圧縮機４の低圧クラ
ンクケースに速やかに流入する。その後、圧縮機４の油
面位置が予め設定された位置に復帰すると、コントロー
ラ１４は電磁弁１３に閉信号を出力するので、圧縮機４
より冷媒と一緒に吐出された冷凍機油は、油分離器５の
貯油部に蓄えられる。この様にして圧縮機４の油面位置
は予め設定された範囲で制御される。The controller 14 outputs an open signal to the solenoid valve 13 in response to the oil level lowering signal of the oil level switch 15 connected to the compressor 4 by a flare joint or the like. Valve 12 and controller 14
The refrigerating machine oil accumulated in the oil storage portion of the oil separator 5 quickly flows into the low-pressure crankcase of the compressor 4 through the electromagnetic valve 13 opened in response to the signal. After that, when the oil level position of the compressor 4 returns to a preset position, the controller 14 outputs a close signal to the solenoid valve 13, so that the compressor 4
The refrigerating machine oil discharged together with the refrigerant is stored in the oil storage section of the oil separator 5. In this way, the oil level position of the compressor 4 is controlled within a preset range.

【００１４】なお、１６は手動の二方弁であり、電磁弁
１２・１３の間の油管に連通するように、通常開の状態
で配管してある。また、１７は高低圧圧力スイッチ、１
８は低圧ゲージ、１９は高圧ゲージである。Reference numeral 16 is a manual two-way valve, which is normally open so as to communicate with the oil pipe between the solenoid valves 12 and 13. Also, 17 is a high / low pressure switch, 1
8 is a low pressure gauge and 19 is a high pressure gauge.

【００１５】冷凍機Ｂの構成は、上記した冷凍機Ａと同
じ構成であるので同一の機器には同一の符号を付してい
るが、冷凍機の区別を付けて説明する必要がある時に
は、機器を示す符号の後に（ａ）または（ｂ）を付して
何れの冷凍機の物であるかを明示した。Since the structure of the refrigerator B is the same as that of the above-mentioned refrigerator A, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals, but when it is necessary to distinguish between the refrigerators and explain them, (A) or (b) was added after the code indicating the device to clearly indicate which refrigerator the product belongs to.

【００１６】そして、冷凍機Ａの二方弁１６（ａ）と冷
凍機Ｂの二方弁１６（ｂ）とを、電磁弁２０を途中に２
個有する側路管２１を介して接続し、この側路管２１の
電磁弁２０と、前記電磁弁１２（ａ）・１２（ｂ）と
を、前記電磁弁１３（ａ）または１３（ｂ）が開となっ
たときに起算するタイマ機能を内蔵したコントローラ２
２が、開閉制御するように設けてある。Then, the two-way valve 16 (a) of the refrigerator A and the two-way valve 16 (b) of the refrigerator B are connected to each other with the solenoid valve 20 in between.
The solenoid valve 20 of the bypass pipe 21 and the solenoid valves 12 (a) and 12 (b) are connected to each other by the solenoid valve 13 (a) or 13 (b). Controller 2 with a built-in timer function that counts when is opened
2 is provided so as to control opening and closing.

【００１７】電磁弁２０をこのように側路管２１に複数
個設けることにより、所要の容量確保が容易になると共
に、流量制御も可能になると云った利点がある。By providing a plurality of solenoid valves 20 in the bypass pipe 21 in this way, it is possible to easily secure the required capacity and to control the flow rate.

【００１８】コントローラ２２による前記電磁弁１２
（ａ）・１２（ｂ）・２０の開閉制御は、例えば冷凍機
Ａの油面スイッチ１５（ａ）が油面の低下を検知し、コ
ントローラ１４（ａ）から電磁弁１３（ａ）に開信号が
出力されて、油分離器５（ａ）の貯油部から油量不足が
検知された圧縮機４（ａ）に冷凍機油を返油する動作が
所定時間、例えば１０秒継続すると、油分離器５（ａ）
に近い側の電磁弁１２（ａ）に閉信号を出力すると共
に、電磁弁２０・２０に開信号を出力するように設けて
ある。The solenoid valve 12 by the controller 22
For the opening / closing control of (a), 12 (b), and 20, for example, the oil level switch 15 (a) of the refrigerator A detects a decrease in the oil level, and the controller 14 (a) opens the solenoid valve 13 (a). When a signal is output and the operation of returning the refrigerating machine oil to the compressor 4 (a) in which the oil shortage is detected from the oil storage section of the oil separator 5 (a) continues for a predetermined time, for example, 10 seconds, the oil separation Vessel 5 (a)
Is provided so as to output a close signal to the solenoid valve 12 (a) on the side closer to the solenoid valve and a open signal to the solenoid valves 20 and 20.

【００１９】手動の二方弁１６（ａ）・１６（ｂ）と電
磁弁１２（ｂ）とは、前記したように通常開としてある
ので、コントローラ２２が上記のように電磁弁それぞれ
を開閉制御することにより、冷凍機Ｂの油分離器５
（ｂ）の貯油部に溜ってあった冷凍機油が、電磁弁１２
（ｂ）・二方弁１６（ｂ）・電磁弁２０・二方弁１６
（ａ）・電磁弁１３（ａ）を経由して、冷凍機油不足が
検知された冷凍機Ａの圧縮機４（ａ）に供給される。Since the manual two-way valves 16 (a) and 16 (b) and the solenoid valve 12 (b) are normally opened as described above, the controller 22 controls opening / closing of each solenoid valve as described above. By doing so, the oil separator 5 of the refrigerator B
The refrigerating machine oil accumulated in the oil storage section of (b) is transferred to the solenoid valve 12
(B) -two-way valve 16 (b) -solenoid valve 20-two-way valve 16
(A) ・ Supplied to the compressor 4 (a) of the refrigerator A in which the lack of refrigerator oil is detected via the solenoid valve 13 (a).

【００２０】なお、電磁弁１２（ａ）を閉じるのは、冷
凍機油がない状態の油分離器５（ａ）から高圧の冷媒ガ
スが圧縮機４（ａ）に入って圧縮機の温度が上昇するの
を防ぐためと、他の冷凍機Ｂからの冷凍機油供給を確実
にするためである。The electromagnetic valve 12 (a) is closed because high-pressure refrigerant gas enters the compressor 4 (a) from the oil separator 5 (a) in the absence of refrigerating machine oil and the temperature of the compressor rises. This is to prevent this from occurring and to ensure the supply of refrigerating machine oil from the other refrigerating machine B.

【００２１】そして、油面スイッチ１５（ａ）が油面の
回復を検出すると、コントローラ１４（ａ）が電磁弁１
３（ａ）に閉信号を出力すると共に、コントローラ２２
からは電磁弁１２（ａ）に開信号を、電磁弁２０・２０
には閉信号を出力するようになっている。When the oil level switch 15 (a) detects the recovery of the oil level, the controller 14 (a) causes the solenoid valve 1 to operate.
3 (a) outputs a close signal and the controller 22
From the solenoid valve 12 (a) to the open signal,
A closed signal is output to.

【００２２】共通の吸入配管１を経て冷凍機Ａ・Ｂに還
流する冷媒に等量の冷凍機油が含まれていると、長時間
運転していても油分離器５（ａ）の貯油部と油分離器５
（ｂ）の貯油部にはそれぞれ十分な量の冷凍機油に溜る
ので、油面の低下が検知された圧縮機に対応する電磁弁
１３（ａ）または１３（ｂ）を開くと、短時間（例え
ば、数秒）で油面が回復する。If an equal amount of refrigerating machine oil is contained in the refrigerant flowing back to the refrigerating machines A and B through the common suction pipe 1, even if the refrigerating machine oil is operated for a long period of time, the refrigerant will be stored in the oil storage section of the oil separator 5 (a). Oil separator 5
Since a sufficient amount of refrigerating machine oil is accumulated in each of the oil storage sections of (b), when the solenoid valve 13 (a) or 13 (b) corresponding to the compressor whose oil level is detected is opened, a short time ( The oil level will recover in a few seconds).

【００２３】しかし、吸入配管１を経て冷凍機Ａ・Ｂに
還流する冷媒に等量の冷凍機油が含まれていないと、長
時間運転している内に冷凍機油を少量含有した冷媒が還
流する冷凍機、例えば冷凍機Ａにおいては油分離器５
（ａ）で分離されて貯溜される油量が次第に少なくなる
ので、油面スイッチ１５（ａ）が油面の低下を検知し、
コントローラ１４（ａ）が電磁弁１３（ａ）を開にして
油分離器５（ａ）の貯油部から返油しよとしても、油分
離器５（ａ）の貯油部には冷凍機油が少量しか貯溜され
ていないので、圧縮機４（ａ）の油面が容易に所定のレ
ベルを回復しない事態が生じる。However, if an equal amount of refrigerating machine oil is not contained in the refrigerant flowing back to the refrigerating machines A and B through the suction pipe 1, the refrigerant containing a small amount of refrigerating machine oil recirculates during long-term operation. In a refrigerator, for example, refrigerator A, an oil separator 5
Since the amount of oil separated and stored in (a) gradually decreases, the oil level switch 15 (a) detects a decrease in oil level,
Even if the controller 14 (a) tries to return the oil from the oil storage section of the oil separator 5 (a) by opening the solenoid valve 13 (a), a small amount of refrigerating machine oil is stored in the oil storage section of the oil separator 5 (a). Since only the oil is stored, the oil level of the compressor 4 (a) does not easily recover to a predetermined level.

【００２４】このような時には、前記したようにコント
ローラ２２からの指令を受けて電磁弁１２（ａ）が閉
じ、側路管２１の電磁弁２０・２０が開くので、冷凍機
油が多量に流入した冷凍機Ｂから冷凍機油を冷凍機Ａに
返油させる動作が開始され、圧縮機４ａの冷凍機油不足
が速やかに解消される。In such a case, as described above, the solenoid valve 12 (a) is closed in response to the command from the controller 22, and the solenoid valves 20 and 20 of the bypass pipe 21 are opened, so that a large amount of refrigerating machine oil flows in. The operation of returning the refrigerating machine oil from the refrigerating machine B to the refrigerating machine A is started, and the lack of refrigerating machine oil in the compressor 4a is promptly resolved.

【００２５】なお、コントローラ２２が持つタイマ機能
は、コントローラ１４（ａ）・１４（ｂ）に個々に内蔵
してもよい。The timer function of the controller 22 may be incorporated in each of the controllers 14 (a) and 14 (b).

【００２６】図２に示した冷凍装置は、冷凍機Ｃ・Ｄそ
れぞれに圧縮機を複数用いて並列圧縮を行う第２の実施
例であり、この場合は圧縮機それぞれの油面制御に油面
スイッチ１５、電磁弁１３、コントローラ１４（共通）
を用いているが、機内の何れか一つの電磁弁１３が開い
てから予め設定した所定時間を経過した時に、図１と同
様の制御をすることにより、冷凍機それぞれの冷凍機油
の過不足の発生を防止することが可能になる。The refrigerating apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is a second embodiment in which a plurality of compressors are used for each of the refrigerators C and D to perform parallel compression. In this case, the oil level is controlled for each compressor. Switch 15, solenoid valve 13, controller 14 (common)
However, when one of the solenoid valves 13 in the machine has opened and a preset time has passed, the same control as in FIG. It becomes possible to prevent the occurrence.

【００２７】図３に示した冷凍装置は、冷却負荷側では
なくて、凝縮器６を共通化した第３の実施例である。こ
の場合も、図１の例と全く同様の制御により、冷凍機Ｅ
・Ｆそれぞれにおける圧縮機４の油面を所定の範囲に制
御することができる。なお、２３は膨張弁、２４は冷却
負荷である。The refrigerating apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is a third embodiment in which the condenser 6 is shared instead of the cooling load side. In this case as well, the refrigerator E is controlled by the same control as in the example of FIG.
The oil level of the compressor 4 in each F can be controlled within a predetermined range. In addition, 23 is an expansion valve and 24 is a cooling load.

【００２８】ところで、本発明は上記実施例に限定され
るものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載した趣旨を逸脱
しない範囲で適宜変形実施することができる。例えば、
冷凍機を３台以上接続するように設けることも可能であ
り、冷凍機個々の構成・能力などはそれぞれに異なって
いても構わない。By the way, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but can be appropriately modified and implemented without departing from the scope of the claims. For example,
It is also possible to provide three or more refrigerators connected to each other, and the configurations and capabilities of the refrigerators may be different from each other.

【００２９】[0029]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明は、圧縮機・
貯油部を有する油分離器・凝縮器・受液器などを冷媒管
が順次接続して形成する冷媒経路と、開閉弁を有する油
管により油分離器の貯油部と圧縮器とを連通可能に接続
する返油経路とを備えた冷凍機複数を、一部の共通冷媒
配管に並列接続した冷凍装置において、全ての返油経路
がそれぞれ２個の開閉弁を有し、全ての返油経路の開閉
弁−開閉弁間の油管同士を、開閉弁を有する側路管を介
して相互に連通可能に接続し、返油経路に設けた二個の
開閉弁を同時に開いて行う、油量が減少した任意の冷凍
機の圧縮機への返油動作が、所定時間を経過して行われ
た時、当該の返油経路の油分離器側開閉弁を閉じ、他の
全ての側路用開閉弁を開とする弁操作を行う冷凍装置で
あるので、As described above, the present invention provides a compressor /
A refrigerant path that is formed by sequentially connecting refrigerant pipes to an oil separator / condenser / liquid receiver, etc. that has an oil storage part, and an oil pipe that has an on-off valve so that the oil storage part of the oil separator and the compressor can be connected to each other. In a refrigerating machine in which a plurality of refrigerators each having an oil return path are connected in parallel to a part of a common refrigerant pipe, each oil return path has two on-off valves, and all the oil return paths are opened and closed. The oil amount between the valve and the on-off valve is connected by communicating with each other via the bypass pipe having the on-off valve, and the two on-off valves provided in the oil return path are opened simultaneously. When the operation of returning oil to the compressor of an arbitrary refrigerator is performed after a predetermined time has passed, the on / off valve on the oil separator side of the oil return path is closed and all other on / off valves for bypass are closed. Since it is a refrigeration device that operates the valve to open,

【００３０】従来必要であった油貯溜器を設ける必要が
ない。また、側路用の開閉弁は、１／４インチ接続程度
の大きさの電磁弁でよく、しかも圧力差により油を戻す
方式が取れるので、ヘッド差等の問題はなくどこにでも
取り付け可能である。また、冷凍機間の側路用配管は、
１／４インチ程度の太さのものを２本使用するだけでよ
く、現地にて複数の冷凍機を組み合わせて大容量の冷凍
装置を形成する際の配管工事が極めて容易になる。ま
た、油面スイッチは小型であり圧縮機のフレア継ぎ手な
どにより接続できるので、従来の浮子式レギュレータの
フランジ取り付けに対して大幅な省スペースが図れ、冷
凍装置をコンパクトに設計することが可能になる。さら
に、大容量の冷凍装置を標準冷凍機を組み合わせること
により現地で簡単につくることが可能であるから、標準
冷凍機としては生産量の増大、機種数削減による在庫数
の減少などが図れ、コストの大幅な削減が図れる。There is no need to provide an oil reservoir, which was required in the past. Further, the on-off valve for the side passage may be a solenoid valve having a size of about 1/4 inch connection, and since a method of returning oil by a pressure difference can be adopted, it can be mounted anywhere without head difference or the like. . Also, the bypass pipe between the refrigerators is
It suffices to use only two ¼ inch thick ones, which makes piping work extremely easy when a plurality of refrigerators are combined on site to form a large-capacity refrigerator. In addition, the oil level switch is small and can be connected with a flare joint of the compressor, etc., which saves a lot of space compared to the conventional flange mounting of the float type regulator, and enables the refrigeration system to be designed compactly. . Furthermore, it is possible to easily create a large-capacity refrigeration system on site by combining it with a standard refrigerating machine, so as a standard refrigerating machine, the production volume can be increased and the number of models can be reduced to reduce the number of inventories. Can be significantly reduced.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】実施例１の説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment.

【図２】実施例２の説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a second embodiment.

【図３】実施例３の説明図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a third embodiment.

【図４】従来技術の説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional technique.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

Ａ・Ｂ・Ｃ・Ｄ・Ｅ・Ｆ・Ｇ・Ｈ 冷凍機 １ 吸入配管 ２ 吐出配管 ３ 気液分離器 ４ 圧縮機 ５・５ｇ・５ｈ 油分離器 ６ 凝縮器 ７ 受液器 １１ 返油経路 １２・１３ 電磁弁 １４ コントローラ １５ 油面スイッチ １６ 二方弁 ２０ 電磁弁 ２１ 側路管 ２２ コントローラ ２３ 膨張弁 ２４ 冷却負荷 ２５ 油貯溜器 ２６ 浮子式レギュレータ A / B / C / D / E / F / G / H Refrigerator 1 Suction pipe 2 Discharge pipe 3 Gas-liquid separator 4 Compressor 5.5g / 5h Oil separator 6 Condenser 7 Liquid receiver 11 Oil return route 12/13 Solenoid valve 14 Controller 15 Oil level switch 16 Two-way valve 20 Solenoid valve 21 Side passage pipe 22 Controller 23 Expansion valve 24 Cooling load 25 Oil reservoir 26 Float type regulator

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 圧縮機・貯油部を有する油分離器・凝縮
器・受液器などを冷媒管で順次接続して形成する冷媒経
路と、開閉弁を有する油管により油分離器の貯油部と圧
縮器とを連通可能に接続する返油経路とを備えた冷凍機
複数を、一部の共通冷媒配管に並列接続した冷凍装置に
おいて、全ての返油経路がそれぞれ２個の開閉弁を有
し、全ての返油経路の開閉弁−開閉弁間の油管同士を、
開閉弁を有する側路管を介して相互に連通可能に接続
し、返油経路に設けた二個の開閉弁を同時に開いて行
う、油量が減少した任意の冷凍機の圧縮機への返油動作
が、所定時間を経過して行われた時、当該の返油経路の
油分離器側開閉弁を閉じ、他の全ての側路用開閉弁を開
とする弁操作を行うことを特徴とする冷凍装置。1. A refrigerant path formed by sequentially connecting a compressor, an oil separator having an oil storage section, a condenser, a liquid receiver, etc. with a refrigerant tube, and an oil storage section of the oil separator by an oil tube having an on-off valve. In a refrigerating machine in which a plurality of refrigerators each having an oil return path that connects to a compressor so as to be able to communicate with each other are connected in parallel to some common refrigerant pipes, all the oil return paths each have two opening / closing valves. , The oil pipes between the on-off valves and the on-off valves of all oil return paths,
Return to the compressor of any refrigerator with reduced oil volume by connecting two on-off valves with an on-off valve so that they can communicate with each other and simultaneously opening two on-off valves provided in the oil return path. When the oil operation is performed after a lapse of a predetermined time, the oil separator side opening / closing valve of the oil return path is closed and all other side opening / closing valves are opened. Refrigeration equipment to be.