JPH06221548A - Method for controlling coal burning boiler - Google Patents
Method for controlling coal burning boilerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06221548A JPH06221548A JP5010758A JP1075893A JPH06221548A JP H06221548 A JPH06221548 A JP H06221548A JP 5010758 A JP5010758 A JP 5010758A JP 1075893 A JP1075893 A JP 1075893A JP H06221548 A JPH06221548 A JP H06221548A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- boiler
- ratio
- carbon
- steam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、石炭の性状に適合する
ようにした石炭焚きボイラの制御方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling a coal-fired boiler adapted to the properties of coal.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来は、ボイラの制御要素を石炭性状に
より自動的に変化させる制御は行われてはいない。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, control for automatically changing a control element of a boiler according to coal properties has not been performed.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】石炭焚きボイラにおい
ては、ボイラで燃焼する石炭の性状によりボイラ特性が
大きく変化する。このために、ボイラの制御要素である
ガス再循環量、バーナのチルト、ガス分配ダンパ又は発
生蒸気へのスプレイ量等の設定値が同一のままでは、ボ
イラの火炉壁出口のエンタルピ及びボイラ出口の蒸気温
度制御が不安定となり、適切な範囲で制御することが困
難であった。具体的には、低揮発分炭又は高燃料比炭で
は火炉壁出口のエンタルピは低く、再熱器出口の蒸気温
度は高い傾向があり、高揮発分炭又は低燃料比炭では火
炉壁出口のエンタルピは高く、再熱器出口の蒸気温度は
低い傾向があり、ボイラ特性が大きく異なる。In the coal-fired boiler, the boiler characteristics greatly change depending on the properties of the coal burned in the boiler. Therefore, if the set values such as the gas recirculation amount, which is the control element of the boiler, the tilt of the burner, the spray amount to the gas distribution damper or the generated steam remain the same, the enthalpy of the furnace wall outlet of the boiler and the boiler outlet The steam temperature control became unstable and it was difficult to control it in an appropriate range. Specifically, low volatile coal or high fuel ratio coal has a low enthalpy at the furnace wall outlet, and the steam temperature at the reheater outlet tends to be high. The enthalpy is high, the steam temperature at the reheater outlet tends to be low, and the boiler characteristics differ greatly.
【０００４】本発明は、石炭の特性によって適切な制御
を行うことができる石炭焚きボイラの制御方法を提供し
ようとするものである。The present invention is intended to provide a method for controlling a coal-fired boiler, which can perform appropriate control depending on the characteristics of coal.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の石炭焚きボイラ
の制御方法は、石炭の固定炭素と揮発分の比である燃料
比、石炭の炭素と水素の比又は石炭の揮発分含有量の値
に基づいて、ボイラの制御要素であるガス再循環量、バ
ーナのチルト、ガス分配ダンパ及び発生蒸気へのスプレ
イ流量の少くともいずれかの設定値を変化させることを
特徴とする。A method for controlling a coal-fired boiler according to the present invention includes a fuel ratio which is a ratio of fixed carbon and volatile matter of coal, a ratio of carbon and hydrogen of coal, or a value of volatile matter content of coal. Based on the above, the gas recirculation amount which is the control element of the boiler, the tilt of the burner, the gas distribution damper, and at least one of the set values of the spray flow rate to the generated steam are changed.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】ボイラの特性として揮発分の含有量が低い低揮
発分炭又は固定炭素と揮発分の比である燃料比もしくは
石炭と水素の比が高い炭素の含有量が高い石炭では火炉
壁での熱吸収が少なく火炉壁出口のエンタルピが適正値
より低くなる傾向がある。本発明では、石炭の固定炭素
と揮発分の比である燃料比もしくは石炭の炭素と水素の
比が高い炭素の含有量が高い石炭、又は石炭の揮発分含
有量の値が低い低揮発分炭を燃焼する場合には、前記の
石炭の燃料比、炭素と水素の比又は石炭の揮発分含有量
の値に基づいて、ボイラの制御要素の少くともいずれか
の設定値を変化させる。即ち、ガス再循環量は少量と
し、バーナチルトは下向きとし、発生蒸気へのスプレイ
流量は多量とし、再熱器側等のガス分配ダンパは閉方向
に設定することの少くともいずれか一を行う。これによ
って、火炉壁での熱吸収割合を増加させ火炉壁出口のエ
ンタルピ及び再熱器出口等のボイラ出口の蒸気温度を適
正値とすることが可能となる。[Operation] As a characteristic of the boiler, a low volatile matter coal having a low volatile content or a fuel ratio that is a fixed carbon to volatile content ratio or a coal having a high coal to hydrogen ratio and a high carbon content are used in the furnace wall. Heat absorption is low and the enthalpy at the furnace wall outlet tends to be lower than the appropriate value. In the present invention, coal has a high carbon content, which is the ratio of fixed carbon to volatile matter of coal, or the ratio of carbon to hydrogen of coal is high, or low volatile matter coal with a low value of volatile matter content of coal. In the case of burning, the at least one set value of the control element of the boiler is changed based on the value of the fuel ratio of coal, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen, or the value of the volatile content of coal. That is, the gas recirculation amount is small, the burner tilt is downward, the spray flow rate to the generated steam is large, and at least one of the gas distribution dampers on the reheater side is set in the closing direction. This makes it possible to increase the rate of heat absorption in the furnace wall and to make the enthalpy at the furnace wall outlet and the steam temperature at the boiler outlet such as the reheater outlet a proper value.
【０００７】また、逆に高揮発分炭又は炭素の含有量が
低い石炭では火炉壁での熱吸収が多く、火炉壁出口のエ
ンタルピが適正値より高くなる傾向がある。本発明で
は、前記燃料比もしくは石炭と炭素の比が低い炭素の含
有量が低い炭素、又は石炭の揮発分含有量が高い高揮発
分炭を燃焼する場合には、石炭の燃料比、石炭の水素と
炭素の比又は石炭の揮発分含有量の値に基づいて、ボイ
ラの制御要素の少くともいずれかの設定値を、前記低揮
発分炭又は炭素の含有量が高い石炭の場合とは逆に変化
させる。即ち、ガス再循環量は多量とし、バーナチルト
は上向きとし、発生蒸気へのスプレイ流量は少量とし、
再熱器側等のガス分配ダンパは開方向に設定することの
少くともいずれか一を行う。これによって、火炉壁での
熱吸収割合を減少させ火炉壁出口のエンタルピ及び再熱
器出口等のボイラ出口の蒸気温度を適正値とすることが
可能となる。On the other hand, in the case of coal with a high volatile content or a low carbon content, there is a large amount of heat absorption in the furnace wall, and the enthalpy at the furnace wall outlet tends to be higher than an appropriate value. In the present invention, in the case of burning a carbon having a low carbon content having a low fuel ratio or a low carbon-carbon ratio, or a high volatile content coal having a high volatile content of coal, the fuel ratio of coal, the coal Based on the ratio of hydrogen to carbon or the value of volatile matter content of coal, at least one of the set values of the control element of the boiler is set opposite to the case of the low volatile matter coal or coal with high carbon content. Change to. That is, the gas recirculation amount is large, the burner tilt is upward, and the spray flow rate to the generated steam is small,
The gas distribution damper on the reheater side or the like should be set to at least one in the opening direction. This makes it possible to reduce the rate of heat absorption in the furnace wall and to make the enthalpy at the furnace wall outlet and the steam temperature at the boiler outlet such as the reheater outlet a proper value.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】本発明の一実施例を、図１ないし図４によっ
て説明する。図１において、１はボイラで、管壁が蒸発
器を形成する同ボイラ１の火炉には上下方向にチルト可
能な複数のバーナ２が設けられている。ボイラ１の出口
側には、過熱器６とタービン等の抽気が供給される再熱
器７がボイラ１の燃焼ガス流れに対して並列をなすよう
に設置されており、過熱器６と再熱器７の下流側には、
これらを通過する燃焼ガスの流量を調節するガス分配ダ
ンパ５，４がそれぞれ設けられている。ガス再循環ファ
ン３をもつ管路８の一端はボイラ１から燃焼ガスを排出
する煙道９に接続され、その他端はボイラ１の火炉のバ
ーナ２の下方の位置に接続され、再循環ファン３によっ
てボイラ１から排出される燃焼排ガスの一部がボイラ１
の火炉に再循環されるようになっている。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a boiler, and a furnace of the boiler 1 whose tube wall forms an evaporator is provided with a plurality of burners 2 that can be tilted in the vertical direction. On the outlet side of the boiler 1, a superheater 6 and a reheater 7 such as a turbine to which bleed air is supplied are installed so as to be in parallel with the combustion gas flow of the boiler 1. On the downstream side of vessel 7,
Gas distribution dampers 5 and 4 for adjusting the flow rate of the combustion gas passing therethrough are respectively provided. One end of a pipe 8 having a gas recirculation fan 3 is connected to a flue 9 that discharges combustion gas from the boiler 1, and the other end is connected to a position below a burner 2 of a furnace of the boiler 1 to recirculate the fan 3. Part of the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 1 by the boiler 1
It is recirculated to the furnace.
【０００９】図２は、本実施例におけるボイラの水・蒸
気の系統を示しており、節炭器１５で加熱された給水
は、ボイラ火炉１４に設けられた蒸発器に供給されて蒸
気となり、この蒸気はボイラ内の一次過熱器１３、二次
過熱器１２及び三次過熱器１１で過熱される。一次過熱
器１３と二次過熱器１２の間の蒸気通路及び二次過熱器
１２と三次過熱器１１の間の蒸気通路には、それぞれ給
水の一部を流量調整弁１７ａ，１６ａを介して蒸気にス
プレイする一次過熱低減器１７及び二次過熱低減器１６
が設けられている。FIG. 2 shows the water / steam system of the boiler according to this embodiment. The feed water heated by the economizer 15 is supplied to the evaporator provided in the boiler furnace 14 to become steam, This steam is superheated by the primary superheater 13, the secondary superheater 12, and the tertiary superheater 11 in the boiler. In the steam passage between the primary superheater 13 and the secondary superheater 12 and the steam passage between the secondary superheater 12 and the tertiary superheater 11, a part of the feed water is vaporized via the flow rate adjusting valves 17a and 16a, respectively. Primary overheat reducer 17 and secondary overheat reducer 16 for spraying
Is provided.
【００１０】高揮発分炭又は炭素含有量が低い石炭をボ
イラ１で燃焼する場合には、図２における火炉１４にお
ける熱吸収量が増大して火炉壁出口のエンタルピが高く
なり、また過熱器出口の蒸気温度は低くなる。本実施例
では、このような石炭を燃焼する場合、石炭の固定炭素
と揮発分の比である燃料比、その炭素と水素の比又は石
炭の揮発分含有量の値に基づいて、図示しないボイラ制
御装置によってボイラの制御要素を制御する。即ち、バ
ーナ２を上向きにチルトさせ、ガス再循環ファン３によ
るボイラの燃焼排ガスの再循環量を多くし、再熱器側の
ガス分配ダンパ４は開方向に設定し、かつ、流量調節弁
１７ａを制御して一次過熱低減器１７への給水のスプレ
イ流量を減少させる。これによって、火炉１４における
熱吸収割合を減少させて火炉壁出口のエンタルピを適正
値とし、かつ、再熱器出口の蒸気温度を適正値とするこ
とができる。When high-volatile coal or coal having a low carbon content is burned in the boiler 1, the heat absorption amount in the furnace 14 in FIG. 2 increases, the enthalpy at the furnace wall outlet becomes high, and the superheater outlet becomes high. The steam temperature of will be lower. In the present embodiment, when burning such coal, based on the fuel ratio, which is the ratio of fixed carbon and volatile matter of coal, the ratio of carbon and hydrogen, or the value of volatile matter content of coal, a boiler (not shown) is shown. A control device controls the control elements of the boiler. That is, the burner 2 is tilted upward, the recirculation amount of the combustion exhaust gas of the boiler by the gas recirculation fan 3 is increased, the gas distribution damper 4 on the reheater side is set in the opening direction, and the flow rate control valve 17a is set. Is controlled to reduce the spray flow rate of the feed water to the primary overheat reducer 17. As a result, the heat absorption rate in the furnace 14 can be reduced, the enthalpy at the furnace wall outlet can be set to an appropriate value, and the steam temperature at the reheater outlet can be set to an appropriate value.
【００１１】一方、低揮発分又は炭素含有量が高い石炭
をボイラ１で燃焼する場合には、火炉１４の熱吸収量が
低下して火炉壁出口のエンタルピが低くなり、また過熱
器出口の蒸気温度は高くなる。本実施例では、このよう
な石炭を燃焼する場合、石炭の燃料比、その炭素と水素
の比又は石炭の揮発分含有量の値に基づいて、図示しな
いボイラ制御装置によってボイラの制御要素を制御す
る。即ち、バーナ２を下向きにチルトさせ、ガス再循環
ファンによるボイラの燃焼排ガスの再循環量を少くし、
再熱器側のガス分配ダンパは閉方向に設定し、かつ、流
量調節弁１７ａを制御して一次過熱低減器１７への給水
のスプレイ流量を増加させる。これによって、火炉１４
における熱吸収割合を増加させて火炉壁出口のエンタル
ピ及び再熱器出口の蒸気温度を適正値とすることができ
る。On the other hand, when coal having a low volatile content or a high carbon content is burned in the boiler 1, the heat absorption amount of the furnace 14 decreases, the enthalpy at the furnace wall outlet becomes low, and the steam at the superheater outlet becomes low. The temperature rises. In the present embodiment, when burning such coal, based on the fuel ratio of the coal, the ratio of the carbon to hydrogen or the value of the volatile matter content of the coal, the boiler control device controls the boiler control element by a boiler controller (not shown). To do. That is, the burner 2 is tilted downward to reduce the recirculation amount of the boiler combustion exhaust gas by the gas recirculation fan,
The gas distribution damper on the reheater side is set in the closing direction, and the flow control valve 17a is controlled to increase the spray flow rate of the feed water to the primary superheat reducer 17. This allows the furnace 14
It is possible to increase the heat absorption rate in the furnace to make the enthalpy at the furnace wall outlet and the steam temperature at the reheater outlet appropriate values.
【００１２】本実施例において、燃焼する石炭の燃料比
によるボイラの制御要素の設定値の一例を、図３、図４
及び図５に示す。ボイラ制御装置に石炭の性状を入力す
ることによって、ボイラの制御要素が自動的に制御され
てその設定値が変更される。In the present embodiment, an example of set values of the control element of the boiler depending on the fuel ratio of the burning coal is shown in FIGS.
And shown in FIG. By inputting the coal properties to the boiler control device, the control elements of the boiler are automatically controlled and their set values are changed.
【００１３】なお、本実施例では、前記の石炭の性状に
よって、バーナのチルトを変化させ、再循環量を調整
し、ガス分配ダンパの開又は閉方向の設定を行い、か
つ、一次過熱低減器へのスプレイ流量の変化を行うこと
を併用しているか、そのいずれかを行い、又はそのうち
のいくつかを行うようにすることもできる。In the present embodiment, the tilt of the burner is changed, the recirculation amount is adjusted, the gas distribution damper is opened or closed, and the primary superheat reducer is adjusted according to the properties of the coal. It is also possible to use a combination of performing the change of the spray flow rate to, and / or performing some of them.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の効果】本発明は、特許請求の範囲に記載したよ
うに、石炭の燃料比、その炭素と水素の比又はその揮発
分含有量の値に基づいてボイラの制御要素の設定値を変
更することによって、石炭の性状如何に拘らずボイラ火
壁出口のエンタルピ及びボイラ出口の蒸気温度を自動的
に適切な範囲に制御することができる。As described in the claims, the present invention changes the set value of the control element of the boiler based on the fuel ratio of coal, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen or the value of its volatile content. By doing so, the enthalpy at the boiler fire wall outlet and the steam temperature at the boiler outlet can be automatically controlled within an appropriate range regardless of the coal properties.
【図１】本発明の一実施例が適用されるボイラの配置図
である。FIG. 1 is a layout view of a boiler to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
【図２】同実施例が適用される石炭焚きボイラの水・蒸
気の系統図である。FIG. 2 is a water / steam system diagram of a coal-fired boiler to which the embodiment is applied.
【図３】同実施例における石炭の燃料比と一次スプレイ
流量の設定値の関係の一例を示すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the fuel ratio of coal and the set value of the primary spray flow rate in the example.
【図４】同実施例における石炭の燃料比とガス再循環量
の設定値の関係の一例を示すグラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the fuel ratio of coal and the set value of the gas recirculation amount in the same example.
【図５】同実施例における石炭の燃料比とバーナのチル
トの設定値の関係の一例を示すグラフである。FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the fuel ratio of coal and the set value of the tilt of the burner in the same example.
１ ボイラ ２ バーナ ３ ガス再循環ファン ４，５ ガス分配ダンパ ６ 過熱器 ７ 再熱器 ８ 管路 ９ 煙道 １１ 三次過熱器 １２ 二次過熱器 １３ 一次過熱器 １４ 火炉 １５ 節炭器 １６ 二次過熱低減器 １７ 一次過熱低減器 １６ａ，１７ａ 流量調整弁 1 Boiler 2 Burner 3 Gas Recirculation Fan 4,5 Gas Distribution Damper 6 Superheater 7 Reheater 8 Pipeline 9 Flue 11 Tertiary Superheater 12 Secondary Superheater 13 Primary Superheater 14 Furnace 15 Cobber 16 Secondary Overheat reducer 17 Primary overheat reducer 16a, 17a Flow rate adjustment valve
Claims (1)
比、石炭の炭素と水素の比又は石炭の揮発分含有量の値
に基づいて、ボイラの制御要素であるガス再循環量、バ
ーナのチルト、ガス分配ダンパ及び発生蒸気へのスプレ
イ流量の少くともいずれかの設定値を変化させることを
特徴とする石炭焚きボイラの制御方法。1. A gas recirculation amount, which is a control element of a boiler, based on a fuel ratio, which is a ratio of fixed carbon to volatile matter of coal, a ratio of carbon to hydrogen of coal, or a volatile matter content of coal, A method for controlling a coal-fired boiler, which comprises changing a set value of at least one of a tilt of a burner, a gas distribution damper, and a spray flow rate to generated steam.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01075893A JP3188010B2 (en) | 1993-01-26 | 1993-01-26 | Control method of coal-fired boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01075893A JP3188010B2 (en) | 1993-01-26 | 1993-01-26 | Control method of coal-fired boiler |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06221548A true JPH06221548A (en) | 1994-08-09 |
| JP3188010B2 JP3188010B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 |
Family
ID=11759232
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01075893A Expired - Fee Related JP3188010B2 (en) | 1993-01-26 | 1993-01-26 | Control method of coal-fired boiler |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3188010B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102853419A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2013-01-02 | 北京和隆优化控制技术有限公司 | Intelligent optimization control system of pulverized coal furnace |
| KR20220114322A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-17 | 한국전력공사 | Modified coal-fired power generation system and power generation method using the same |
-
1993
- 1993-01-26 JP JP01075893A patent/JP3188010B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102853419A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2013-01-02 | 北京和隆优化控制技术有限公司 | Intelligent optimization control system of pulverized coal furnace |
| KR20220114322A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-17 | 한국전력공사 | Modified coal-fired power generation system and power generation method using the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3188010B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 |
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