JPH06190466A - Method and device for forming superplastic metallic sheet - Google Patents
Method and device for forming superplastic metallic sheetInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06190466A JPH06190466A JP4328891A JP32889192A JPH06190466A JP H06190466 A JPH06190466 A JP H06190466A JP 4328891 A JP4328891 A JP 4328891A JP 32889192 A JP32889192 A JP 32889192A JP H06190466 A JPH06190466 A JP H06190466A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- metal sheet
- temperature
- molding die
- chambers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/003—Simultaneous forming, e.g. making more than one part per stroke
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/053—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure characterised by the material of the blanks
- B21D26/055—Blanks having super-plastic properties
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【０００２】本発明は、超塑性金属シートの成形方法及
び装置に関し、特に該金属シート成形における生産性の
改善に関する。The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming a superplastic metal sheet, and more particularly to improving productivity in forming the metal sheet.
【０００３】高温において金属シートを特定領域の歪速
度で引っ張りを与えた場合に局部変形（ネッキング）を
発生することなく著しく大きい伸びを示す超塑性材料が
開発されて久しい。例えばＡｌ合金では、すでに１９７
０年代に英国で開発されたＳｕｐｕｒａｌｌ（Ａｌ−
（Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ，Ｍｇ）−Ｚｒ系）を初めとしていずれも
微細結晶粒組織からなるＡｌ−Ｍｇ系、Ａｌ−Ｃｕ−Ｍ
ｎ系、Ａｌ−Ｚｎ−Ｍｇ−Ｃｕ系（ＡＡ７０７５合
金）、連続鋳造圧延等の急速冷却凝固方式で製造したＡ
ｌ−Ｚｎ−Ｃａ合金等が知られている。It has been a long time since a superplastic material has been developed which exhibits remarkably large elongation without causing local deformation (necking) when a metal sheet is stretched at a strain rate of a specific region at a high temperature. For example, with Al alloys, 197
Supurall (Al-
(Cu, Zn, Mg) -Zr system) and Al-Mg system and Al-Cu-M each having a fine grain structure.
n type, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu type (AA7075 alloy), A manufactured by rapid cooling solidification method such as continuous casting and rolling
1-Zn-Ca alloys and the like are known.
【０００４】また、上記の合金であっても超塑性の発現
には不十分なサイズの結晶粒組織を有するシートを出発
材とし、変形の過程において動的歪再結晶を生起させ、
微細再結晶粒組織を形成しつつ超塑性変形させる方法も
知られている。Further, even in the case of the above alloy, a sheet having a crystal grain structure of a size insufficient for developing superplasticity is used as a starting material, and dynamic strain recrystallization is caused in the process of deformation,
There is also known a method of superplastically deforming while forming a fine recrystallized grain structure.
【０００５】これらの合金シートの超塑性成形は、変形
応力が小さいので、特定の温度に加熱したシートの片側
から数気圧程度の低い流体圧（通常は気体）を印加して
バルジ成形を行ういわゆるブロー成形法が用いられる。
その特徴は、優れた変形能を利用して、通例のプレス法
では成形し難い複雑形状あるいは大きい深さを有する成
形品、リブ付き、浮き出し模様等の成形が単一工程で行
えること、費用のかさむ金型は雌型又は雄型のいずれか
一方で足りること等であり、広く利用されるようになっ
ている。Since superplastic forming of these alloy sheets has a small deformation stress, so-called bulge forming is performed by applying a low fluid pressure (usually gas) of about several atmospheres from one side of the sheet heated to a specific temperature. A blow molding method is used.
Its characteristic is that it is possible to perform molding of a molded product having a complicated shape or a large depth that is difficult to mold by a usual pressing method or a rib, an embossed pattern, etc. in a single step by utilizing the excellent deformability, and it is possible to reduce the cost. One of the female molds and the male molds is sufficient as the mold to be used, and the molds are widely used.
【０００６】超塑性成形における問題の第１は、板厚分
布、第２はキャビテイーの生成であり、前者には温度と
歪速度の選択や、金型潤滑の強化により改善する方法が
とられ、後者には成形前の予熱温度を高めること、ある
いは成形中金型側に背圧を印可する方法がとられてい
る。The first problem in superplastic forming is the plate thickness distribution, and the second is the generation of cavities. The former method is to improve by selecting temperature and strain rate and strengthening die lubrication. For the latter, a method of increasing the preheating temperature before molding or applying a back pressure to the mold side during molding is adopted.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の超塑性成形法
は、上記した種々の長所を有する反面、成形には数分か
ら数十分の時間を要するのが欠点であり、大量生産向き
ではなく、航空機構造部品等多品種少量の高価な複雑形
状製品には適している。Although the conventional superplastic forming method has various advantages as described above, it is disadvantageous in that it requires several minutes to several tens of minutes for forming, which is not suitable for mass production. It is suitable for high-mix, low-volume, and complex-shaped products such as aircraft structural parts.
【０００８】一方、最近金属シートの成形部品は、デザ
イン化された扉、壁面、天井、等の建築材料や彫りの深
い各種エクステリア製品、複雑形状の自動車ボデイーシ
ート、深い容器状のオイルタンク等の車両部材等の成形
において従来のプレス工程では成形が不十分であり、超
塑性成形が望まれるようになってきたが、これらの製品
は大量生産方式が不可欠であり、従来の超塑性成形法で
は不適当である。On the other hand, recently, molded parts of metal sheets include building materials such as designed doors, wall surfaces and ceilings, various deeply carved exterior products, automobile body sheets with complicated shapes, deep oil tanks and the like. In the molding of vehicle members, etc., the conventional pressing process is insufficient for molding, and superplastic forming has come to be desired, but for these products, a mass production method is indispensable. Inappropriate.
【０００９】超塑性成形工程の時間短縮に関する先行技
術としては、（ａ）１つの金型室内の上、下に同一の金
型を設置し、中央に２枚の金属シートを張り、該金属シ
ートの間から気体圧を印加して同時に２個の成形を行う
方法（特公昭５６−５６３８）As a prior art for reducing the time of the superplastic forming step, (a) the same mold is installed above and below one mold chamber, and two metal sheets are attached to the center, and the metal sheet is attached. A method of applying two gas pressures at the same time to form two moldings (Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-5638).
【００１０】（ｂ）１つの金型室内に超塑性板材を３層
に重ね合わせ、片側を成形面に対面させ、反対側から流
体の靜水圧を印加して絞り成形することにより、第１層
と第３層をプラスチック成形金型の雄型と雌型として同
時に成形する方法（特公平４−２２６５０）。(B) Superplastic plate materials are superposed in three layers in one mold chamber, one side is opposed to the molding surface, and water is dripped from the opposite side to draw and form the first layer. And a method of simultaneously molding the third layer as a male mold and a female mold of a plastic molding die (Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-22650).
【００１１】（ｃ）成形すべき超塑性薄板材に少なくと
も１枚の同種の超塑性板材をダミーとして重ね合わせて
成形することにより、見掛け上の板厚を大きくし、か
つ、見掛け上の歪量を小さくし、ダミー材が薄板材に追
随してその塑性流動を補いつつ共に変形するようにし
て、薄板材を通常の板厚材と同様の成形速度とし、生産
性向上が図られる（特公平２−３１６１０）などの提案
がなされている。(C) By superimposing at least one superplastic plate material of the same kind as a dummy on the superplastic thin plate material to be formed and forming the same, the apparent plate thickness is increased and the apparent strain amount is obtained. Is set so that the dummy material follows the thin plate material and deforms together while compensating for its plastic flow, and the thin plate material is formed at the same forming speed as the normal plate material, thus improving the productivity. 2-31610) and the like have been proposed.
【００１２】しかしながら、これらの提案は生産性に優
れた量産品の成形にはなお隔たりがあり、問題は解決さ
れていない。すなわち（ａ）の方法は単純２倍の生産性
にとどまり、また（ｂ）の方法は、互いに勘合する雄、
雌金型の成形であり、同一形状の成形体は得られない。
（ｃ）は、低歪速度を必要とする薄板材の成形時間の短
縮を意図したもので、普通板厚シートの生産性とは直接
結びつかない。However, these proposals still have a gap in the molding of mass-produced products with excellent productivity, and the problem has not been solved. That is, the method (a) is simply twice as productive, and the method (b) is a male that fits into each other.
Since it is a female mold, a molded product having the same shape cannot be obtained.
(C) is intended to shorten the forming time of a thin plate material requiring a low strain rate, and is not directly linked to the productivity of a normal thick sheet.
【００１３】本発明は、以上の事情を背景としてなされ
たものであって、建築材料や車両部材のごとき製品の大
量生産に適する生産性に優れた超塑性金属シートの成形
方法および装置を提供することを目的としている。The present invention has been made under the circumstances described above, and provides a method and apparatus for forming a superplastic metal sheet having excellent productivity suitable for mass production of products such as building materials and vehicle members. Is intended.
【００１４】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、本発明の成形方法は、一定の要件を満たした成形
金型室の複数を重ね合わせ、各金型室の温度及び流体圧
を均等に制御することを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the molding method of the present invention is such that a plurality of molding die chambers satisfying certain requirements are superposed, and the temperature and fluid pressure of each die chamber are increased. Is controlled evenly.
【００１５】すなわち第１の発明は、超塑性を示す温度
に加熱し、周囲を密閉固定した超塑性金属シートによっ
て区画された一方の空間に加圧流体を導入する加圧室
と、他方の空間に該金属シートと対面して成形金型表面
が固定され、かつ上記加圧室より低い流体圧に調整され
た背圧室とによって構成される成形金型室において、上
記加圧室に流体圧を印加することにより上記金属シート
を上記成形金型表面に押圧して超塑性成形する方法にお
いて、上記成形金型室の複数を、上記金属シートと平行
方向に重ね合わせて固定し、各成形金型室の温度及び流
体圧を設定値に調整制御して成形することを特徴とする
超塑性金属シートの成形方法である。That is, the first aspect of the present invention is such that a pressurized chamber is heated to a temperature exhibiting superplasticity and a pressurized fluid is introduced into one space defined by a superplastic metal sheet whose periphery is hermetically fixed, and the other space. In the molding die chamber constituted by a back pressure chamber whose fluid pressure is adjusted to be lower than that of the pressure chamber, a fluid pressure is applied to the pressure chamber. In the method of superplastic forming by pressing the metal sheet against the surface of the molding die by applying, a plurality of the molding die chambers are fixed by superimposing them on the metal sheet in a parallel direction. A method for forming a superplastic metal sheet, which is characterized by adjusting and controlling the temperature and fluid pressure of a mold chamber to set values.
【００１６】また第２の発明は、超塑性金属シートの周
囲を固定する手段、該金属シートと平行方向に分割され
た胴部と蓋部を開閉可能に固定密封する手段、該金属シ
ートを超塑性を示す温度に加熱する手段、該金属シート
によって区画される一方の空間は加圧流体を導入する加
圧室と、他方の空間は該金属シートと対面して成形金型
表面が固定され、かつ上記加圧室より低い流体圧に調整
された背圧室とによって構成される成形金型室の複数
を、上記金属シートと平行方向に重ね合わせて固定する
手段、各成形金型室の加圧室及び背圧室の温度及び流体
圧を設定値に調整制御する制御手段を有してなることを
特徴とする超塑性金属の成形装置である。A second aspect of the present invention is a means for fixing the periphery of the superplastic metal sheet, a means for fixing and sealing the body part and the lid part, which are divided in the direction parallel to the metal sheet, such that the body part and the lid part can be opened and closed. Means for heating to a temperature exhibiting plasticity, one space defined by the metal sheet is a pressurizing chamber for introducing a pressurized fluid, and the other space faces the metal sheet, and the molding die surface is fixed, And means for fixing a plurality of molding die chambers constituted by a back pressure chamber adjusted to a fluid pressure lower than that of the pressurizing chambers in parallel with the metal sheet in a parallel direction, and adding the respective molding die chambers. A superplastic metal forming apparatus comprising control means for adjusting and controlling the temperature and fluid pressure of the pressure chamber and the back pressure chamber to set values.
【００１７】本発明の対象となる超塑性金属シートは、
公知のＡｌ，Ｚｎ，Ｔｉ，Ｆｅ，Ｎｉ等の各種の超塑性
基合金であり、板厚等も特に制限はない。The superplastic metal sheet to which the present invention is applied is
It is a known superplastic base alloy such as Al, Zn, Ti, Fe, and Ni, and the plate thickness is not particularly limited.
【００１８】加圧流体としては、多くは気体であり、空
気あるいは必要に応じて窒素、アルゴン等の当該金属に
対する不活性気体が使用されるが、またシリコン油等の
液体を使用することがある。The pressurized fluid is mostly a gas, and air or, if necessary, an inert gas for the metal such as nitrogen or argon is used, but a liquid such as silicone oil may be used. .
【００１９】加圧室と背圧室からなる成形金型室の複数
を、金属シートと平行方向に重ね合わせて固定すること
が本発明の必須要件であるが、重ね合わせは垂直方向あ
るいは水平方向のいずれであっても良い。水平方向は、
成形金型室の把持手段を工夫すれば、高温の成形製品の
金型室からの離形取り出しが能率的で作業性が改善され
る。It is an essential requirement of the present invention to fix a plurality of molding die chambers each consisting of a pressurizing chamber and a back pressure chamber by stacking them in parallel with the metal sheet in a parallel direction. It may be either. The horizontal direction is
If the gripping means of the molding die chamber is devised, the high temperature molded product can be removed from the mold chamber efficiently and the workability is improved.
【００２０】成形金型室の重ね合わせ固定手段は、個々
の金型室同士の接続固定及びそれら一連の金型室群の把
持固定手段の両側面がある。特に限定されるものではな
いが、金型室の密閉性を損なわないように、一定の重ね
方で当接部に均等の圧力が負荷するように構成すること
が望ましい。金型室群の把持固定は、一般に金型の重ね
合わせ方向に油圧等によりストロークを調節しうる移動
板が適しており、該移動板面に金型室群の外端を固定係
止手段を具備すれば足りる。The overlapping and fixing means of the molding die chambers have both side surfaces of the connecting and fixing of the individual die chambers and the holding and fixing means of the series of die chambers. Although not particularly limited, it is desirable that a uniform pressure is applied to the abutting portion in a certain stacking manner so as not to impair the airtightness of the mold chamber. For gripping and fixing the mold chamber group, a moving plate whose stroke can be adjusted by hydraulic pressure or the like in the die stacking direction is generally suitable, and the outer end of the mold chamber group is fixed to the moving plate surface by locking means. It is enough if you have it.
【００２１】金型室は、被成形金属シートの装入及び成
形製品の離形取り出しのため、金属シートと平行方向に
分割された胴部と蓋部に開閉可能に固定密閉する手段が
必要である。金型室が高温であるため加圧室、背圧室に
流体を導入して一定の流体加圧を印加、保持するに不可
欠な密閉性の確保は必ずしも容易ではなく、耐熱パッキ
ン材なども利用しうるが、胴と蓋との当接部に小丘状の
金属ビードを配設し、それを介して金属板の周囲を噛み
挟む方式が耐久性、機密性とも優れている。The mold chamber is required to have a means for opening and closing fixedly and sealingly to the body and the lid which are divided in the direction parallel to the metal sheet in order to load the metal sheet to be molded and release the molded product from the mold. is there. Since the mold chamber is hot, it is not always easy to ensure the airtightness necessary to introduce and maintain a certain amount of fluid pressure by introducing fluid into the pressure chamber and back pressure chamber. However, a method of disposing a mound-shaped metal bead at the contact portion between the body and the lid and sandwiching the periphery of the metal plate through the bead is excellent in durability and airtightness.
【００２２】金型室からの成形製品の離脱取り出しは、
製品の形状によっては相当困難である。屈曲の深い複雑
形状の成形品の離形は金型と成形品の間に気体圧を印加
するか、加圧室を吸気し、真空にして離形する方法等が
有用である。Removal and removal of the molded product from the mold chamber
It is quite difficult depending on the shape of the product. For releasing a molded product having a deep bend and a complicated shape, a method of applying a gas pressure between the mold and the molded product or sucking a pressure chamber to make a vacuum and releasing the mold is useful.
【００２３】加圧室及び背圧室への流体の導入は、各成
形金型室に同時等速でなされなければならない。このた
め加圧流体源から金型室への導入管路の長さの差異に対
応した流通抵抗の調整のための流量制御弁を介装する等
の配慮が必要である。The introduction of the fluid into the pressurizing chamber and the back pressure chamber must be performed at the same speed at the same time in each molding die chamber. For this reason, it is necessary to take measures such as interposing a flow control valve for adjusting the flow resistance corresponding to the difference in the length of the introducing pipe from the pressurized fluid source to the mold chamber.
【００２４】さらに、加圧流体が１つの金型室からリー
クした場合、流体圧の低下あるいは金型室内に流体の流
れが生じ、金属板を冷却する。すなわち当該成形室の成
形条件が変化し、成形製品の同一性が失われるのはもと
より、他の金型室への加圧流体の導入速度も変化し、制
御系に乱れを生ずるため、リークが発生した場合、即時
に流体導入管路の遮断弁を作動させて制御系から外すこ
とが必要である。Further, when the pressurized fluid leaks from one die chamber, the fluid pressure is reduced or a fluid flow occurs in the die chamber to cool the metal plate. That is, the molding conditions of the molding chamber are changed, the identity of the molded product is lost, and the introduction speed of the pressurized fluid to other mold chambers is also changed, causing a disturbance in the control system and causing a leak. When it occurs, it is necessary to immediately operate the shutoff valve of the fluid introduction line to remove it from the control system.
【００２５】金型室の加圧流体のリークを検知するに
は、周知の種々なる手段があるが、定流速導入中の流体
圧上昇速度低下、定圧力導入中の流体流速増加等を監視
することによって行うことができる。There are various well-known means for detecting the leak of the pressurized fluid in the mold chamber, but the rate of increase in the fluid pressure during the introduction of the constant flow rate, the increase in the fluid flow rate during the introduction of the constant pressure, etc. are monitored. Can be done by
【００２６】なお、重ね合わせる複数の金型室は、全数
同一形状、同一諸元に限定されず一部異なる形状、諸元
のものが混在することを妨げない。ただし、いずれの場
合でも当該金型室にセットされる特定の金属板に適合す
る成形温度及び成形圧の付加条件が当該金型室に設定さ
れ、制御されることが前提である。The plurality of mold chambers to be overlapped with each other are not limited to the same shape and the same specifications, and it does not prevent a mixture of partially different shapes and specifications. However, in any case, it is premised that the additional conditions of the molding temperature and the molding pressure suitable for the specific metal plate set in the mold chamber are set and controlled in the mold chamber.
【００２７】本発明の実施において各成形金型室の温度
の均一性は重要で、予め昇温過程及び所定温度到達後の
温度分布を調査し、その結果に基づいて発熱素子の配置
及び放熱防止の手段を講ずる。一般に発熱素子は金属板
の成形温度のレベル、温度制御の適合性、エネルギーコ
スト等から選択されるが、一般に電気抵抗加熱が適用さ
れ、金型室内の発熱素子の配置は、熱放散の大きい外周
寄りに密に行われ、さらに外周部には放熱防止のため耐
火断熱ブランケットで包囲する等均熱性の向上対策が適
宜施される。In the practice of the present invention, the uniformity of the temperature in each molding die chamber is important. The temperature rise process and the temperature distribution after reaching the predetermined temperature are investigated in advance, and based on the results, the arrangement of the heating elements and the heat radiation prevention Take the means of. Generally, the heating element is selected from the level of molding temperature of metal plate, suitability of temperature control, energy cost, etc., but generally electric resistance heating is applied, and the placement of the heating element in the mold chamber is a perimeter with large heat dissipation. The heat treatment is carried out closer to the outer periphery, and the outer peripheral portion is appropriately covered with a fireproof heat insulating blanket so as to improve the soaking property.
【００２８】本発明において、重ね合わされる金型室
は、各金型室の外周が当接して重ねる場合のみでなく、
発熱素子を埋設した発熱パネルのごときものを各金型室
の間に介装することも含まれる。また重ね合わせた金型
室群の両端を把持する前記の移動板の内部に発熱素子を
埋設することも有効できる。In the present invention, the mold chambers to be overlapped are not limited to the case where the outer periphery of each mold chamber is in contact with each other, and
It also includes interposing between the mold chambers such as a heat generating panel in which a heat generating element is embedded. It is also effective to embed a heating element inside the moving plate that holds both ends of the overlapping mold chamber groups.
【００２９】[0029]
【作用】この発明は、超塑性金属シートによって区画さ
れた一方の空間に加圧流体を導入する加圧室と、他方の
空間に該金属シートと対面して成形金型表面が固定さ
れ、かつ上記加圧室より低い流体圧に調整された背圧室
とによって構成される成形金型室により、上記加圧室の
流体圧により上記金属シートを上記成形金型表面に押圧
して超塑性成形する方法であって、上記成形金型室の複
数を、上記金属シートと平行方向に重ね合わせて固定
し、各成形金型室の温度及び流体圧を均等に制御して成
形するため、重ね合わせる成形金型室の個数に比例して
一挙に多数の成形を行うことができるから、生産性を飛
躍的に向上することは明白である。According to the present invention, a pressurizing chamber for introducing a pressurizing fluid into one space partitioned by a superplastic metal sheet, and a molding die surface fixed to the other space facing the metal sheet, and Superplastic forming by pressing the metal sheet against the surface of the forming die by the forming die chamber constituted by a back pressure chamber adjusted to a fluid pressure lower than that of the pressurizing chamber A plurality of the molding die chambers are stacked and fixed in parallel with the metal sheet, and the temperature and fluid pressure of each molding die chamber are controlled to be uniform, and thus the molding is performed. Since it is possible to perform a large number of moldings at once in proportion to the number of molding die chambers, it is obvious that the productivity is dramatically improved.
【００３０】しかも、必要に応じて異なる形状、諸元の
金型が混在しても当該金型室を適当な成形条件に設定
し、制御することにより一挙に多数の種類の成形製品を
成形することも可能である。Moreover, even if molds having different shapes and specifications are mixed as required, a large number of types of molded products can be molded at once by setting and controlling the mold chamber under appropriate molding conditions. It is also possible.
【００３１】また、成形金型室を水平方向に重ね合わせ
る方式では、成形後に成形製品を搬送コンベヤー上に自
重落下させて移動するなど作業性を格段に向上する作用
がある。Further, in the system in which the molding die chambers are overlapped in the horizontal direction, there is an effect that the workability is remarkably improved, for example, after the molding, the molded product is dropped onto the conveyor and moved.
【実施例１】[Example 1]
【００３２】以下、本発明の実施例を図を引用して説明
するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
【００３３】図１は、同一の成形金型室１を多数垂直方
向に重ね合わせ、垂直方向にストロークを有する油圧移
動しうる移動板１３、１４によって狭持固定した成形金
型室群を示している。FIG. 1 shows a group of molding die chambers in which a plurality of identical molding die chambers 1 are vertically stacked and sandwiched and fixed by movable plates 13 and 14 which have hydraulically movable strokes in the vertical direction. There is.
【００３４】各成形金型室１の重ね合わせは、気密保持
上重要で、この実施例では図２に示すごとき合わせ具を
使用して均等に整列させ、効果を挙げた。図の（ａ）は
縦断面図で、金型室１の蓋部６及び胴部７の鋼製シェル
の外側に張り出し１５，１７を一体に固定し、胴部側に
は上方に向けてテーパー付きの開孔１８を、また蓋部側
には下方に向けてテーパー付きの案内バー１６を一体に
固定し、案内バー１６を開孔１８に勘合セットする。
張り出し１５，１７は図（ｂ）の平面図に示すごとく対
角線上２箇所とした。The superposition of the molding die chambers 1 is important for maintaining airtightness, and in this embodiment, the aligning tool as shown in FIG. (A) of the figure is a vertical cross-sectional view, in which the overhangs 15 and 17 are integrally fixed to the outside of the steel shell of the lid 6 and the body 7 of the mold chamber 1, and the body is tapered upward. A guide bar 16 with a taper is integrally fixed downward to the lid side, and the guide bar 16 is fitted and set in the hole 18.
The overhangs 15 and 17 were provided at two diagonal positions as shown in the plan view of FIG.
【００３５】成形金型室１は、被成形超塑性金属シート
２の周囲を、胴部７の外周縁面上に配設した小丘状の金
属ビード８と、蓋部６の外周縁下面の間に噛み挟んで密
に固定し、該金属シートの上方に加圧室３と下方に該金
属シートと対面して成形表面４を固定した背圧室５を構
成している。In the molding die chamber 1, the metal beads 8 in the form of a hill arranged around the outer peripheral surface of the body 7 around the periphery of the superplastic metal sheet 2 to be molded, and the lower surface of the outer peripheral edge of the lid 6. A pressure chamber 3 is sandwiched between the metal sheets and fixed tightly, and a pressure chamber 3 is formed above the metal sheet, and a back pressure chamber 5 is formed below in which the molding surface 4 is fixed so as to face the metal sheet.
【００３６】各成形金型室の蓋部６の内張り耐火材６ａ
中には電気抵抗発熱体１２を埋設し、この発熱は室内を
加熱するとともに金型室相互の熱伝導により温度を均等
化する。積み重ねた金型室群の両端は発熱体を埋設した
金型室の蓋部又は胴部とし、移動板による奪熱をカバー
している。各成形金型室の測温は金属シート２の中央直
上に配設したシースカップル（図示省略）により行い、
温度は予め設定した昇温速度及び所定加熱温度に自動制
御した。Refractory lining 6a for the lid 6 of each molding die chamber
An electric resistance heating element 12 is embedded therein, and this heat generation heats the inside of the chamber and equalizes the temperature by heat conduction between the mold chambers. Both ends of the stacked mold chamber groups are lids or barrels of the mold chambers in which the heating elements are embedded, and cover the heat removal by the moving plate. The temperature of each molding die chamber is measured by a sheath couple (not shown) arranged right above the center of the metal sheet 2.
The temperature was automatically controlled to a preset heating rate and a predetermined heating temperature.
【００３７】加圧室３へは、図示してない圧縮空気源か
ら減圧弁、圧力制御弁、遮断弁を経て開度を調整した流
量制御弁９を介して加圧空気を導入した。Pressurized air was introduced into the pressurizing chamber 3 from a compressed air source (not shown) through a pressure reducing valve, a pressure control valve, a shutoff valve and a flow rate control valve 9 whose opening was adjusted.
【００３８】背圧室５へは、必要に応じて上記と同様の
経路を流量制御弁１０を介して加圧空気を導入した。ま
た、背圧室内圧の調整用又は、成形後の減圧用に排気弁
１１を配設した。If necessary, pressurized air was introduced into the back pressure chamber 5 through the flow control valve 10 through the same route as described above. Further, the exhaust valve 11 is provided for adjusting the back pressure chamber pressure or for reducing the pressure after molding.
【００３９】上記した気体導入、排気は、圧力制御手段
を経て予め設定した値に自動制御した。The above gas introduction and exhaust was automatically controlled to a preset value via the pressure control means.
【００４０】成形終了後は金型室内を大気圧とし、各成
形金型室を開蓋し、成形製品をフォーク型引き抜き装置
により水平方向に取り出した。成形品はいずれも同一形
状で品質の均一性は充分満足できるものであった。After the completion of molding, the inside of the mold chamber was brought to atmospheric pressure, each mold chamber was opened, and the molded product was taken out in the horizontal direction by the fork mold pulling device. All of the molded products had the same shape and were sufficiently satisfactory in quality uniformity.
【００４１】[0041]
【実施例２】図３は、水平支持板１９上に同一の成形金
型室１を多数水平方向に重ね合わせ、両端を水平方向に
ストロークを有する油圧移動板２０，２１によって狭持
固定した成形金型室群を示している。[Embodiment 2] In FIG. 3, a plurality of identical molding die chambers 1 are horizontally stacked on a horizontal support plate 19, and both ends are sandwiched and fixed by hydraulic moving plates 20 and 21 having a stroke in the horizontal direction. The mold room group is shown.
【００４２】この場合も前記したような合わせ具が有用
であるが、この例では各金型室を交差カスガイ型の伸縮
自在アーム２２によって係持し、水平支持板１９上で水
平方向に整列することが容易である。水平支持板上の整
列位置にＬ型鋼（図示省略）を配設することによって整
列は一層正確かつ能率的に行われる。In this case as well, the above-mentioned fitting tool is useful, but in this example, the mold chambers are held by the crossed snare-shaped telescopic arms 22 and aligned horizontally on the horizontal support plate 19. It is easy to do. The alignment is made more accurate and efficient by disposing L-shaped steel (not shown) in the alignment position on the horizontal support plate.
【００４３】成形方法は、前記実施例と類似した自動制
御によった。成形終了後は、水平支持板を移動し、金型
室群の下方から成形製品を取り出した。The molding method was based on automatic control similar to the above-mentioned embodiment. After the completion of molding, the horizontal support plate was moved and the molded product was taken out from below the mold chamber group.
【００４４】この実施例において、別の実施態様を図４
（ａ）に示す。各成形金型室１の蓋部６及び胴部をそれ
ぞれ懸垂アーム３３に繋ぎ、懸垂アーム３３は、図４
（ｂ）に示すごとく水平支持アーム３４内に水平移動可
能に設けた滑車３５の回転軸３６に軸支されている。In this embodiment, another embodiment is shown in FIG.
It shows in (a). The lid portion 6 and the body portion of each molding die chamber 1 are connected to a suspension arm 33, and the suspension arm 33 is configured as shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), it is rotatably supported by a rotary shaft 36 of a pulley 35 that is horizontally movable within a horizontal support arm 34.
【００４５】図４（ａ）で成形金型室群は水平支持板１
９上において整列され、油圧移動板２０，２１によって
狭持固定し、前記と同様に成形操作を行う。成形終了後
は、水平支持板を移動除外し、油圧移動板２０，２１を
開き、金型室の蓋部を開く。これによって金型室内の成
形品は自重で下方に水平走行する搬送コンベヤー３６上
に落下して製品ストックヤードに搬送される。In FIG. 4A, the molding die chamber group is the horizontal support plate 1.
9 are aligned and clamped by the hydraulic moving plates 20 and 21, and the molding operation is performed as described above. After the molding is completed, the horizontal support plate is removed, the hydraulic transfer plates 20 and 21 are opened, and the lid of the mold chamber is opened. As a result, the molded product in the mold chamber falls under its own weight onto the transfer conveyor 36 that horizontally runs downward and is transferred to the product stock yard.
【００４６】[0046]
【実施例３】図５は、本発明の成形方法のうち温度、流
体圧の制御方法の一例を示す説明図で、重ね合わされた
成形金型室１の加圧室には遮断弁９ａ、流量制御弁９を
介して流体が導入される。加圧流体源２８より、遮断弁
２７、流量制御弁２６を経て流体制御機構２５に導入さ
れた流体は、集合管路２３を経て遮断弁９に至る。[Embodiment 3] FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example of a method of controlling temperature and fluid pressure in the molding method of the present invention, in which the shutoff valve 9a and the flow rate are provided in the pressurizing chambers of the superposed molding die chambers 1. Fluid is introduced via the control valve 9. The fluid introduced from the pressurized fluid source 28 into the fluid control mechanism 25 via the shutoff valve 27 and the flow rate control valve 26 reaches the shutoff valve 9 via the collecting pipe line 23.
【００４７】金型室の背圧室への流体導入管路は、制御
機構２５を、集合管路２４、遮断弁１０ａ，流量制御弁
１０を経て行われる。１１は、背圧室からの排気弁であ
るが図示のごとく集合管路とするのは必須要件ではな
い。The fluid introduction pipe line to the back pressure chamber of the mold chamber is provided through the control mechanism 25 through the collecting pipe line 24, the shutoff valve 10a, and the flow control valve 10. Reference numeral 11 denotes an exhaust valve from the back pressure chamber, but it is not an essential requirement to use a collecting pipe as shown in the drawing.
【００４８】各成形金型室の被成形超塑性金属シートの
測温は加圧室内中央の金属板の上方に先端を配設した熱
電対２９によって行う。温度制御機構３０は、各金型別
に測温値を設定値と対比し、電源３２、電力供給ケーブ
ル３１を介して作動する。The temperature of the superplastic metal sheet to be molded in each molding die chamber is measured by a thermocouple 29 whose tip is disposed above the metal plate in the center of the pressurizing chamber. The temperature control mechanism 30 compares the temperature measurement value with the set value for each mold and operates via the power supply 32 and the power supply cable 31.
【００４９】[0049]
【発明の効果】この発明は、超塑性金属シートを所定温
度に加熱した成形金型室内において流体圧により成形す
る方法であって、上記成形金型室の複数を、上記金属シ
ートに平行方向に重ね合わせて固定して成形するため、
多数の成形金型室を重ね合わせことによって一挙に多数
の成形品が得られるから、生産性を飛躍的に向上するこ
とができる。The present invention is a method for forming a superplastic metal sheet by fluid pressure in a forming die chamber heated to a predetermined temperature, wherein a plurality of the forming die chambers are arranged in a direction parallel to the metal sheet. Because they are stacked and fixed and then molded,
Since a large number of molded products can be obtained at once by stacking a large number of molding die chambers, productivity can be dramatically improved.
【００５０】また多数の成形金型室を異なる形状、諸元
のものを混在させることが可能であり、多種製品の量産
化も可能である。さらに、成形金型室の重ね合わせ方向
は、垂直、水平のいずれでもよく、特に水平方向の場合
は、金型室からの成形品の離形取り出しを効率的に行う
ことができ量産化に寄与する。Further, it is possible to mix a large number of molding die chambers having different shapes and specifications, and mass production of various products is possible. Further, the molding die chambers may be stacked vertically or horizontally. Especially in the horizontal direction, it is possible to efficiently release the molded products from the mold chambers, which contributes to mass production. To do.
【図１】成形金型室の垂直方向重ね合わせ方式の装置の
１例を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of an apparatus of a vertically overlapping system of molding die chambers.
【図２】成形金型室の重ね合わせ用ガイド構造例であ
る。FIG. 2 is an example of a guide structure for superimposing a molding die chamber.
【図３】成形金型室の水平方向重ね合わせ方式の装置の
第１例を示す模式図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a first example of an apparatus of a horizontal superposition method of molding die chambers.
【図４】成形金型室の水平方向重ね合わせ方式の装置の
第２例を示す模式図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a second example of the apparatus of the horizontal direction superposition method of the molding die chambers.
【図５】この発明の成形方法における制御系統例の説明
図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a control system in the molding method of the present invention.
１ ・・・成形金型室 ２ ・・・被成形超塑性金属シート ３ ・・・流体加圧室 ４ ・・・金型 ５ ・・・流体背圧室 ６ ・・・蓋部 ７ ・・・胴部 ８ ・・・金属ビード ９，１０ ・・・流体流量制御弁 １１ ・・・排気弁 １２ ・・・発熱素子 １３，１４、２０，２１ ・・・油圧移動板 ２５ ・・・流体制御機構 ２８ ・・・加圧流体源 ２９ ・・・熱電対 ３０ ・・・温度制御機構 ３３ ・・・懸垂アーム ３４ ・・・水平支持アーム ３６ ・・・成形品搬送コンベヤー 1 ... Molding die chamber 2 ... Molded superplastic metal sheet 3 ... Fluid pressurizing chamber 4 ... Mold 5 ... Fluid back pressure chamber 6 ... Lid 7 ... Body 8 ・ ・ ・ Metal bead 9,10 ・ ・ ・ Fluid flow rate control valve 11 ・ ・ ・ Exhaust valve 12 ・ ・ ・ Heating element 13,14,20,21 ・ ・ ・ Hydraulic moving plate 25 ・ ・ ・ Fluid control mechanism 28 ・ ・ ・ Pressurized fluid source 29 ・ ・ ・ Thermocouple 30 ・ ・ ・ Temperature control mechanism 33 ・ ・ ・ Suspending arm 34 ・ ・ ・ Horizontal support arm 36 ・ ・ ・ Molded product conveyor
Claims (2)
定した超塑性金属シートによって区画された一方の空間
に加圧流体を導入する加圧室と、他方の空間に該金属シ
ートと対面して成形金型表面が固定され、かつ上記加圧
室より低い流体圧に調整された背圧室とによって構成さ
れる成形金型室において、上記加圧室に流体圧を印加す
ることにより上記超塑性金属シートを上記成形金型表面
に押圧して超塑性成形する方法において、上記成形金型
室の複数を、上記金属シートと平行方向に重ね合わせて
固定し、各成形金型室の温度及び流体圧を設定値に調整
制御して成形することを特徴とする超塑性金属シートの
成形方法。1. A pressurizing chamber for introducing a pressurized fluid into one space partitioned by a superplastic metal sheet whose periphery is hermetically fixed and heated to a temperature exhibiting superplasticity, and the metal sheet in the other space. By applying a fluid pressure to the pressure chamber in a molding die chamber that is formed by a back pressure chamber whose fluid pressure is adjusted to be lower than that of the pressure chamber, the surface of the molding die being fixed In the method of pressing the superplastic metal sheet against the molding die surface to perform superplastic molding, a plurality of the molding die chambers are fixed by superimposing them in parallel with the metal sheet, and A method for forming a superplastic metal sheet, which is characterized in that the temperature and fluid pressure are adjusted and controlled to set values.
手段、該金属シートと平行方向に分割された胴部と蓋部
を開閉可能に密閉固定する手段、該金属シートを超塑性
を示す温度に加熱する手段、該金属シートによって区画
される一方の空間は加圧流体を導入する加圧室と、他方
の空間は該金属シートと対面して成形金型表面が固定さ
れ、かつ上記加圧室より低い流体圧に調整された背圧室
とによって構成される成形金型室の複数を、上記金属シ
ートと平行方向に重ね合わせて固定する手段、各成形金
型室の加圧室及び背圧室の流体圧と温度を設定値に調整
制御する手段を有してなることを特徴とする超塑性金属
シートの成形装置。2. A means for hermetically fixing the periphery of the superplastic metal sheet, a means for hermetically fixing the body part and the lid part divided in the direction parallel to the metal sheet so that the metal sheet can be opened and closed, and a temperature at which the metal sheet exhibits superplasticity. Heating means, one space defined by the metal sheet is a pressurizing chamber for introducing a pressurized fluid, and the other space faces the metal sheet, and the surface of the molding die is fixed, and Means for fixing a plurality of molding die chambers constituted by a back pressure chamber adjusted to a fluid pressure lower than that of the chambers in parallel with the metal sheet in a parallel direction, a pressurizing chamber and a back of each molding die chamber. A superplastic metal sheet forming apparatus comprising means for adjusting and controlling fluid pressure and temperature of a pressure chamber to set values.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4328891A JP2729558B2 (en) | 1992-11-13 | 1992-11-13 | Method and apparatus for forming superplastic metal sheet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4328891A JP2729558B2 (en) | 1992-11-13 | 1992-11-13 | Method and apparatus for forming superplastic metal sheet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06190466A true JPH06190466A (en) | 1994-07-12 |
| JP2729558B2 JP2729558B2 (en) | 1998-03-18 |
Family
ID=18215253
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4328891A Expired - Fee Related JP2729558B2 (en) | 1992-11-13 | 1992-11-13 | Method and apparatus for forming superplastic metal sheet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2729558B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100462548B1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2004-12-20 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Apparatus for superplastic forming |
| JP2011235354A (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2011-11-24 | Ichia Technologies Inc | Molding apparatus and gas compression molding process |
| CN102259131A (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2011-11-30 | 毅嘉科技股份有限公司 | Shaping device and gas high-pressure shaping method |
| JP2016112567A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-23 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Forming device |
| CN112051381A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-08 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Material performance testing method and testing tool |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0287513U (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1990-07-11 |
-
1992
- 1992-11-13 JP JP4328891A patent/JP2729558B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0287513U (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1990-07-11 |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100462548B1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2004-12-20 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Apparatus for superplastic forming |
| JP2011235354A (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2011-11-24 | Ichia Technologies Inc | Molding apparatus and gas compression molding process |
| CN102259131A (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2011-11-30 | 毅嘉科技股份有限公司 | Shaping device and gas high-pressure shaping method |
| JP2016112567A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-23 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Forming device |
| CN112051381A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-08 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Material performance testing method and testing tool |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2729558B2 (en) | 1998-03-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3595060A (en) | Method of forming metal alloys | |
| AU741012B2 (en) | Superplastic forming process | |
| US4984348A (en) | Superplastic drape forming | |
| Krajewski et al. | Overview of quick plastic forming technology | |
| CN106170577B (en) | Method of forming a part from sheet metal alloy | |
| US6615631B2 (en) | Panel extraction assist for superplastic and quick plastic forming equipment | |
| US6910358B2 (en) | Two temperature two stage forming | |
| US20060277962A1 (en) | Hollow metallic ring seal for press | |
| US7112249B2 (en) | Hot blow forming control method | |
| KR101773803B1 (en) | Method of Multi forming | |
| US7021099B2 (en) | Extraction system for hot formed parts | |
| US6581428B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for superplastic forming | |
| CZ93195A3 (en) | Device for bending glass panes by applying pressure | |
| JP2004507367A (en) | Superplastic forming dies and mold inserts | |
| US7047779B2 (en) | Curvilinear punch motion for double-action hot stretch-forming | |
| JPH06190466A (en) | Method and device for forming superplastic metallic sheet | |
| US5749254A (en) | Air bearing assist in pneumatic forming of thin foil materials | |
| KR102390019B1 (en) | Device for Multi forming | |
| CA1190094A (en) | Dual motion press | |
| US7472572B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for gas management in hot blow-forming dies | |
| KR102374065B1 (en) | Device for Multi forming | |
| JP3262655B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for forming superplastic metal sheet | |
| CN108637074B (en) | Magnesium alloy sheet heating medium immersion heating hydraulic forming method and device | |
| US3898827A (en) | Forming of superplastic alloy sheet | |
| CN117500763A (en) | Method for forming glass articles, in particular three-dimensionally formed sheet glass articles, device for carrying out said method and use of a metal melt for carrying out said method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |