JPH06126681A - Fiber aggregate type actuator - Google Patents

Fiber aggregate type actuator

Info

Publication number
JPH06126681A
JPH06126681A JP4282979A JP28297992A JPH06126681A JP H06126681 A JPH06126681 A JP H06126681A JP 4282979 A JP4282979 A JP 4282979A JP 28297992 A JP28297992 A JP 28297992A JP H06126681 A JPH06126681 A JP H06126681A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
actuators
actuator
fibrous
fiber
gel material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP4282979A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2642024B2 (en
Inventor
Akira Hiraiwa
明 平岩
Noriyoshi Uchida
典佳 内田
Noboru Sonehara
曽根原  登
Yoshimasa Kimura
義政 木村
Toshio Kondo
利夫 近藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Original Assignee
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp filed Critical Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority to JP28297992A priority Critical patent/JP2642024B2/en
Publication of JPH06126681A publication Critical patent/JPH06126681A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2642024B2 publication Critical patent/JP2642024B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make an actuator excellent in fault tolerability, high in reliability and the whole body able to be curved and bent as a simple by installing an expansible fiber-form actuator, gel material filling the clearance and a structural member joining both ends together, respectively. CONSTITUTION:A fiber aggregate type actuator 4 bundles plural pieces of expansible fiber actuators 1, joining both ends with a structural member 3, and gel material 2 is filled up each clearance of the actuators 1. With this filling up of the gel material, the whole actuator 1 has compliance, and thereby even if a part of the fiber-form actuators 1 is broken down, it remains operated by other remaining actuators 1, and in case even if all these actuators 1 are broken down, the whole structure of the actuators is kept up by the gel material 2. In addition, when a different control signal is given to each of these actuators 1, the whole actuator 1 is able to be curved and bent as a simple.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、フォールトトレランス
性に優れた、信頼性が高く、安全な繊維集合型アクチュ
エータに関するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a highly reliable and safe fiber aggregate type actuator having excellent fault tolerance.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、ロボットや、建設機械等の腕や手
指関節の駆動に利用されるアクチュエータとしては、従
来、直流、交流、パルス制御等の電動モータ、ソレノイ
ド、油圧アクチュエータ、空気圧アクチュエータ等があ
るが、いずれも、1関節に対し、1個ないし、少数を配
置し、駆動するものであって、アクチュエータの故障時
に対して腕部や、制御用コンピュータシステムにメカニ
カルなバックアップや、故障対策用制御装置を組み込ま
ないと、充分信頼性の高い、安全なシステムではなかっ
た。特に、1関節に1アクチュエータでバックアップシ
ステムがないと、該アクチュエータが壊れた時、物の把
持の場合には、物を落としてしまいかねないという問題
があった。さらに、形状記憶合金を用いたワイヤによる
関節駆動装置や、モータ回転に接続するワイヤや蛇管に
よる駆動装置があったが、いずれも、1関節の駆動に1
本のワイヤもしくは複数の少数のワイヤによる駆動であ
り、1本もしくは、全てのワイヤが破断すると、関節が
機能しなくなるという欠点があった。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as actuators used for driving arms and finger joints of robots and construction machines, electric motors such as direct current, alternating current, pulse control, solenoids, hydraulic actuators, pneumatic actuators, etc. have been used. However, in each case, one or a small number of joints are arranged and driven, and in case of actuator failure, mechanical backup to the arm and control computer system, and failure countermeasures Without a controller, it was not a reliable and safe system. Especially, if there is no backup system with one actuator for one joint, there is a problem that when the actuator is broken, the object may be dropped when gripping the object. Furthermore, there are joint drive devices using wires that use shape memory alloys, and drive devices that use wires and flexible pipes that are connected to the rotation of the motor.
It is driven by one wire or a small number of wires, and if one or all of the wires are broken, the joint will not function.

【0003】さらに上記のアクチュエータのうち、電気
的に駆動されるものは、通電されていないとメカニカル
なコンプライアンスが充分にないという問題があった。
Further, among the above-mentioned actuators, electrically driven ones have a problem that mechanical compliance is not sufficient unless they are energized.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記の事情に
鑑みてなされたもので、アクチュエータ全体でコンプラ
イアンスを有し、アクチュエータの一部が破断しても残
存する他のアクチュエータによって機能し、万一アクチ
ュエータ全てが破断しても、アクチュエータ全体の構造
が保持されるという、フォールトトレランス性に優れ、
信頼性が高く、例えば人間相手の作業においても相手に
危害を与えにくく、さらに、各アクチュエータそれぞれ
に異なる制御信号を与えることによって、アクチュエー
タ全体が単体として曲ったりたわんだりすることができ
る繊維集合型アクチュエータを提供することを目的とす
る。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has the compliance of the entire actuator and functions by other actuators that remain even if a part of the actuator breaks. Even if all the actuators are broken, the structure of the entire actuator is retained, which is excellent in fault tolerance.
A fiber assembly type actuator that has high reliability and is less likely to cause harm to a human partner even when working on it, and that by giving different control signals to each actuator, the entire actuator can bend or bend as a single unit. The purpose is to provide.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記課題を解決
するために、複数の伸縮する繊維状アクチュエータを並
行にならべ、その間隙をゲル物質で充填し、前記複数の
繊維状アクチュエータの両端を構造部材で接合したこと
を特徴とするものである。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention arranges a plurality of expanding and contracting fibrous actuators in parallel, fills the gaps with a gel substance, and connects both ends of the plurality of fibrous actuators. It is characterized by being joined by a structural member.

【0006】[0006]

【作用】本発明は、アクチュエータとして、複数の伸縮
する繊維状アクチュエータをたばね、かつ、前記アクチ
ュエータの間隙をゲル物質で充填するもので、ゲル物質
の充填によってアクチュエータ全体でコンプライアンス
を有し、前記繊維状アクチュエータの一部が破断しても
残存する他の繊維状アクチュエータによって機能し、万
一繊維状アクチュエータ全てが破断しても、ゲル物質に
よってアクチュエータ全体の構造が保持されるという、
フォールトトレランス性に優れ、信頼性が高く、例えば
人間相手の作業においても相手に危害を与えにくいアク
チュエータを提供することにある。さらに、各繊維状ア
クチュエータそれぞれに異なる制御信号を与えることに
よって、アクチュエータ全体が単体として曲ったりたわ
んだりすることができるものである。
According to the present invention, as an actuator, a plurality of expandable and contractible fibrous actuators are used as springs, and a gap between the actuators is filled with a gel substance. Even if some of the fibrous actuators are broken, the remaining fibrous actuators function, and even if all of the fibrous actuators are broken, the gel substance retains the entire structure of the actuators.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an actuator which has excellent fault tolerance and high reliability, and which is unlikely to cause harm to a human partner even when working with the human partner. Further, by giving different control signals to the respective fibrous actuators, the entire actuator can be bent or flexed as a single unit.

【0007】[0007]

【実施例】以下図面を参照して本発明の実施例を詳細に
説明する。
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

【0008】図1,図2,図3は本発明の一実施例を説
明する図であり、図1,図2は本発明に係る繊維集合型
アクチュエータを示す図であって、図1(a)は正面
図、図1(b)は断面図である。図において、1は伸縮
する繊維状アクチュエータ、2はコンプライアンスを有
するゲル物質、3は前記複数の繊維状アクチュエータ1
の両端を接合する構造部材である。
FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are views for explaining an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 1 and 2 are views showing a fiber assembly type actuator according to the present invention. ) Is a front view and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view. In the figure, 1 is a stretchable fibrous actuator, 2 is a compliant gel substance, 3 is the plurality of fibrous actuators 1.
Is a structural member that joins both ends of.

【0009】図3は本発明に係る繊維集合型アクチュエ
ータをロボットの関節の駆動に用いる例であって、4は
繊維集合型アクチュエータ、5は繊維集合型アクチュエ
ータ4とロボットの骨格6を接合する接合部材、6はロ
ボットの骨格、7はロボットの関節で例えば既知のポー
ルジョイント、8は繊維集合型アクチュエータ4の制御
装置であって、例えば並列型コンピュータである。
FIG. 3 shows an example in which the fiber aggregate type actuator according to the present invention is used to drive a joint of a robot, 4 is a fiber aggregate type actuator, 5 is a joint for joining the fiber aggregate type actuator 4 and the robot skeleton 6. A member, 6 is a skeleton of the robot, 7 is a joint of the robot, for example, a known pole joint, and 8 is a control device of the fiber assembly type actuator 4, for example, a parallel computer.

【0010】以下、図1,図2で本発明の繊維集合型ア
クチュエータの構造について、図3で本発明を関節駆動
に用いる実施例について説明する。
The structure of the fiber aggregate type actuator of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, and an embodiment using the present invention for joint drive will be described with reference to FIG.

【0011】即ち、図1に示すように、1の伸縮する繊
維状アクチュエータ、例えば形状記憶合金等からなるも
のを、複数並行にならべて用い、前記複数の繊維状アク
チュエータ1の両端面は、構造部材3に例えば、穴をあ
け、ここに前記繊維状アクチュエータ1を接着、もしく
はかしめるなどして接合する。繊維状アクチュエータ1
と繊維状アクチュエータ1の間隙には、コンプライアン
スと粘性とねばねばしたねばりをもつゲル物質2を、図
1の断面図に示すように充填し、複数の繊維状アクチュ
エータ1をたばね、かつ間隙を埋め、複数の繊維状アク
チュエータ1がからまるのを防ぐ。繊維状アクチュエー
タ1が例えば形状記憶合金で構成される場合、繊維状ア
クチュエータ1への通電をPWM(Pulse Width Modula
tion)もしくはPNM(Pulse Number Modulation )で
行うと、パルス実行幅が大きい、もしくはパルス密度が
大きいと、複数の繊維状アクチュエータ1はそれぞれ縮
み、繊維集合型アクチュエータ4全体で縮む。また、例
えば繊維状アクチュエータ1が形状記憶合金で構成され
た場合、図2に示すように、例えばPNM制御の時、本
発明の繊維集合型アクチュエータ4の上半分Aにパルス
密度を大きく通電し、下半分Bのパルス密度を小さく通
電すれば、上半分Aは下半分Bより大きく縮むので図2
のように繊維集合型アクチュエータ4単体で曲げること
ができる。
That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of stretchable fibrous actuators, for example, those made of shape memory alloy are used in parallel, and both end faces of the plurality of fibrous actuators 1 are structured. For example, a hole is made in the member 3 and the fibrous actuator 1 is bonded to the member 3 by bonding or caulking. Fibrous actuator 1
The gap between the fibrous actuator 1 and the fibrous actuator 1 is filled with a gel substance 2 having compliance and viscosity and a sticky stickiness as shown in the sectional view of FIG. It prevents the plurality of fibrous actuators 1 from being entangled. When the fibrous actuator 1 is made of, for example, a shape memory alloy, the energization of the fibrous actuator 1 is controlled by PWM (Pulse Width Modula).
or PNM (Pulse Number Modulation), when the pulse execution width is large or the pulse density is large, the plurality of fibrous actuators 1 contract, and the fiber aggregated actuator 4 as a whole contracts. Further, for example, when the fibrous actuator 1 is made of a shape memory alloy, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, during PNM control, a large pulse density is applied to the upper half A of the fiber assembly type actuator 4 of the present invention, If the lower half B is supplied with a smaller pulse density, the upper half A contracts more than the lower half B.
As described above, the fiber assembly type actuator 4 can be bent alone.

【0012】図3は、本発明をロボットの関節の駆動に
用いる例で、ロボットの関節7の両側に繊維集合型アク
チュエータ4をロボットの骨格6に対して、接合部材5
で接合し、繊維集合型アクチュエータ4の伸縮によっ
て、関節の曲げのばしを制御する例である。制御は例え
ば制御装置8に、並列コンピュータを用い、各繊維状ア
クチュエータ1それぞれに、異なるPNMで信号を与
え、伸縮を制御する。
FIG. 3 shows an example in which the present invention is used to drive a joint of a robot. Fiber aggregate type actuators 4 are connected to a skeleton 6 of the robot on both sides of a joint 7 of the robot.
This is an example in which the bending extension of the joint is controlled by expanding and contracting the fiber assembly type actuator 4 by joining with each other. For the control, for example, a parallel computer is used for the control device 8, and signals are applied to the respective fibrous actuators 1 by different PNMs to control expansion and contraction.

【0013】尚、上記実施例では、図3に示すように接
合部材5を用いたが、これに限らず例えば図4のように
構造部材3の機能を直接ロボットの骨格6に持たせて併
用することによって、図3の関節7の曲げ伸ばしに加
え、繊維集合型アクチュエータ4の各繊維状アクチュエ
ータ1それぞれに、異なるPNMで信号を与えれば、関
節7の図4の矢印方向の回転の駆動もすることができ
る。
Although the joining member 5 is used as shown in FIG. 3 in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and the function of the structural member 3 is directly provided to the robot skeleton 6 as shown in FIG. By doing so, in addition to bending and stretching of the joint 7 in FIG. 3, if signals are given to the respective fibrous actuators 1 of the fiber assembly type actuator 4 by different PNMs, the rotation of the joint 7 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4 is also driven. can do.

【0014】[0014]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、ア
クチュエータとして、複数の伸縮する繊維状アクチュエ
ータをたばね、かつ、前記アクチュエータの間隙をゲル
物質で充填することによって、ゲル物質の充填によって
アクチュエータ全体でコンプライアンスを有し、前記繊
維状アクチュエータの一部が破断しても残存する他の繊
維状アクチュエータによって機能し、万一繊維状アクチ
ュエータ全てが破断しても、ゲル物質によってアクチュ
エータ全体の構造が保持されるという、フォールトトレ
ランス性に優れ、信頼性が高く、例えば人間相手の作業
においても相手に危害を与えにくいアクチュエータであ
る。さらに、各繊維状アクチュエータそれぞれに異なる
制御信号を与えることによって、アクチュエータ全体が
単体として曲ったりたわんだりすることができる。
As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of expanding and contracting fibrous actuators are used as the actuator, and the gap between the actuators is filled with a gel substance, so that the actuator is filled with the gel substance. It has compliance as a whole, and even if a part of the fibrous actuator is broken, it functions by the remaining fibrous actuator, and even if all the fibrous actuators are broken, the structure of the whole actuator is made by the gel substance. It is an actuator that is retained, has excellent fault tolerance, is highly reliable, and is unlikely to cause harm to a human partner even during work by a human partner. Further, by giving different control signals to the respective fibrous actuators, the whole actuator can be bent or bent as a single unit.

【0015】応用分野としては、人間に代行するロボッ
トの手指や腕、足等の関節の駆動、人間の日常生活を支
援する福祉機器のアクチュエータ、補装具のアクチュエ
ータ、航空機や船舶の舵やプロペラの可変ピッチ駆動装
置、アクティブ制振型建築物のアクチュエータ等として
の応用が考えられる。
The fields of application include driving of joints such as fingers, arms and legs of robots acting on behalf of human beings, actuators of welfare equipment for assisting human daily life, actuators of assistive devices, rudders and propellers of aircraft and ships. The application as a variable pitch drive device, an actuator of an active vibration control type building, etc. is considered.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】(a)は本発明の一実施例を示す正面図、
(b)は同じく断面図である。
FIG. 1A is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention,
(B) is a sectional view of the same.

【図2】本発明の繊維集合型アクチュエータが単体で曲
る例を示す構成図である。
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an example in which the fiber assembly type actuator of the present invention bends by itself.

【図3】本発明をロボットの関節に用いる例を示す構成
図である。
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an example in which the present invention is applied to a joint of a robot.

【図4】本発明の構造部材をロボットの骨格に併用させ
た例を示す構成図である。
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing an example in which the structural member of the present invention is used together with a skeleton of a robot.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1…繊維状アクチュエータ、2…ゲル物質、3…構造部
材、4…繊維集合型アクチュエータ、5…接合部材、6
…ロボットの骨格、7…ロボットの関節、8…制御装
置。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fibrous actuator, 2 ... Gel substance, 3 ... Structural member, 4 ... Fiber assembly type actuator, 5 ... Joining member, 6
... Robot skeleton, 7 ... Robot joints, 8 ... Control device.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 木村 義政 東京都千代田区内幸町一丁目1番6号 日 本電信電話株式会社内 (72)発明者 近藤 利夫 東京都千代田区内幸町一丁目1番6号 日 本電信電話株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Yoshimasa Kimura 1-6, Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nihon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (72) Toshio Kondo 1-6, Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 並行にならべた複数の伸縮する繊維状ア
クチュエータと、 前記複数の繊維状アクチュエータの間隙に充填するゲル
物質と、 前記複数の繊維状アクチュエータの両端を接合する構造
部材とを具備したことを特徴とする繊維集合型アクチュ
エータ。
1. A plurality of expandable and contractible fibrous actuators arranged in parallel, a gel material filling a gap between the plurality of fibrous actuators, and a structural member for joining both ends of the plurality of fibrous actuators. A fiber aggregate type actuator characterized in that
JP28297992A 1992-10-21 1992-10-21 Fiber assembly type actuator Expired - Lifetime JP2642024B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28297992A JP2642024B2 (en) 1992-10-21 1992-10-21 Fiber assembly type actuator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28297992A JP2642024B2 (en) 1992-10-21 1992-10-21 Fiber assembly type actuator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH06126681A true JPH06126681A (en) 1994-05-10
JP2642024B2 JP2642024B2 (en) 1997-08-20

Family

ID=17659626

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP28297992A Expired - Lifetime JP2642024B2 (en) 1992-10-21 1992-10-21 Fiber assembly type actuator

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2642024B2 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010036775A1 (en) * 2008-09-25 2010-04-01 Utilequip, Inc. Fabric fluid-powered cylinder
JP5246717B2 (en) * 2007-05-11 2013-07-24 学校法人 中央大学 Fluid injection type actuator
JP2016080114A (en) * 2014-10-21 2016-05-16 国立大学法人東京工業大学 Composite fluid pressure actuator
JP2019520522A (en) * 2016-04-29 2019-07-18 リンテック・オブ・アメリカ・インコーポレイテッド Bistable actuator device

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5246717B2 (en) * 2007-05-11 2013-07-24 学校法人 中央大学 Fluid injection type actuator
WO2010036775A1 (en) * 2008-09-25 2010-04-01 Utilequip, Inc. Fabric fluid-powered cylinder
US8869676B2 (en) 2008-09-25 2014-10-28 Utilequip, Inc. Fabric fluid-powered cylinder
JP2016080114A (en) * 2014-10-21 2016-05-16 国立大学法人東京工業大学 Composite fluid pressure actuator
JP2019520522A (en) * 2016-04-29 2019-07-18 リンテック・オブ・アメリカ・インコーポレイテッド Bistable actuator device
US10982739B2 (en) 2016-04-29 2021-04-20 Lintec Of America, Inc. Bi-stable actuator devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2642024B2 (en) 1997-08-20

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