JPH0612105B2 - Injection nozzle structure - Google Patents
Injection nozzle structureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0612105B2 JPH0612105B2 JP61221918A JP22191886A JPH0612105B2 JP H0612105 B2 JPH0612105 B2 JP H0612105B2 JP 61221918 A JP61221918 A JP 61221918A JP 22191886 A JP22191886 A JP 22191886A JP H0612105 B2 JPH0612105 B2 JP H0612105B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- tip portion
- ceramics
- needle valve
- intermediate member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は内燃機関へ燃料を霧化して結合する噴射ノズル
に係り、特に、ノズル本体を金属にて形成すると共にノ
ズル先端部をセラミックスで形成し、これらを一体に接
続した噴射ノズル構造に関する。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an injection nozzle that atomizes and couples fuel to an internal combustion engine, and in particular, the nozzle body is made of metal and the nozzle tip is made of ceramics. And an injection nozzle structure in which these are integrally connected.
［従来の技術］ 内燃機関に採用される噴射ノズルは、ノズル先端部が燃
焼室に臨まされて配設されるために燃焼ガスに対しての
高温強度が要求される。このため本出願人はノズルボデ
イの先端部分である噴口部をSi3N4またはAl2O3等のセラ
ミックスで形成したエンジン用燃料噴射ノズルを提案し
ている（特開昭58-143163号公報）。[Prior Art] An injection nozzle used in an internal combustion engine is required to have high-temperature strength against combustion gas because the nozzle tip is disposed so as to face the combustion chamber. Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has proposed a fuel injection nozzle for an engine in which the nozzle portion, which is the tip portion of the nozzle body, is made of ceramics such as Si 3 N 4 or Al 2 O 3 (JP-A-58-143163). .
［発明が解決しようとする問題点］ セラミックスは、金属材料に比べ熱膨張係数が小さい、
大きな耐熱衝撃性をもつ、熱伝導度が小さいなどの優れ
た特長を有している。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Ceramics have a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than metal materials.
It has excellent features such as large thermal shock resistance and low thermal conductivity.
しかし、噴口部をセラミックスで、ノズル本体を金属で
形成し、これらを一体に接続する技術について、信頼性
が高くかつコストも十分に安いというものは案出されて
いなかった。また、従来の噴射ノズルにあっては、噴口
がカーボンによって詰まりを起こし、正常な噴射が行わ
れなくなることもあった。However, no technique has been devised for forming the nozzle portion of ceramics and the nozzle body of metal and connecting them integrally, which is highly reliable and has a sufficiently low cost. Further, in the conventional injection nozzle, the injection port may be clogged with carbon, and normal injection may not be performed.
本発明の目的は、金属製ノズル本体とセラミックス製ノ
ズル先端部との接続の信頼性を高め、かつセラミックス
製ノズル先端部に供給される燃料を噴口から噴出される
ようにして噴口のカーボン詰まりをなくすことにある。An object of the present invention is to improve the reliability of the connection between the metal nozzle body and the ceramics nozzle tip portion, and to prevent the fuel supplied to the ceramics nozzle tip portion from being ejected from the ejection port to prevent carbon clogging of the ejection port. To lose.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明は上記目的を達成するために、億属製のノズル本
体とセラミックスから形成されたノズル先端部とをセラ
ミックスと略同等の熱膨張係数の金属から形成されたリ
ング状の中間部材を挟んで一体に融接し、上記ノズル本
体に昇降自在に収容される針弁の円錘状の先端部をセラ
ミックス又はこれと熱膨張係数が略同等の金属から構成
し、中間部材に上記針弁のシート面を着座させるための
シート部を形成し、ノズル先端部の内周面を針弁の先端
部の外周面に合わせて断面Ｖ字状に形成し、上記ノズル
先端部にその軸方向に間隔を隔てて噴口を複数設けると
共にノズル先端部の内周面にそれら噴口を直線状に結ぶ
溝であってその後端部がノズル先端部と中間部材との接
続部まで延びた溝を設けたものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is configured such that a nozzle body made of 100 million metals and a nozzle tip portion formed of ceramics are formed of a metal having a thermal expansion coefficient substantially equal to that of ceramics. A ring-shaped intermediate member is sandwiched and fused together, and the conical tip portion of the needle valve housed in the nozzle main body in a vertically movable manner is made of ceramics or a metal having a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially equal to that of ceramics. A seat portion for seating the seat surface of the needle valve is formed on the intermediate member, and the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle tip portion is formed in a V-shaped cross-section so as to match the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion of the needle valve. Is provided with a plurality of nozzles at intervals in the axial direction, and is a groove that linearly connects the nozzles to the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle tip, the rear end of which extends to the connection between the nozzle tip and the intermediate member. The groove is provided.
［作用］ 中間部材の熱膨張係数はセラミックスと略同等であるた
め、ノズル先端部と中間部材との接続部には無理な熱応
力が働くことはない。また、針弁のシート面が中間部材
のシート部に着座したときの衝撃力は、中間部材とノズ
ル先端部との接続部にこれらを分離する力として直線働
くことはない。よってノズル先端部とノズル本体との接
続は維持され、その信頼性は可及的に向上する。また、
針弁の先端部をセラミックス又はこれと熱膨張係数が略
同等の金属から構成し、中間部材に上記針弁のシート面
を着座させるためのシート部を形成すればノズル先端部
の内周面と針弁の先端部の外周面との間のクリアランス
は一定となる。溝は、各噴口に燃料を導く。したがっ
て、燃料は、ノズル先端部内に残ることなく、噴口から
噴出されるようになり、残留燃料のカーボン化による噴
口の詰まりは可及的に低減される。[Operation] Since the thermal expansion coefficient of the intermediate member is substantially the same as that of ceramics, undue thermal stress does not act on the connecting portion between the nozzle tip and the intermediate member. Further, the impact force when the seat surface of the needle valve is seated on the seat portion of the intermediate member does not act linearly as a force separating the intermediate member and the nozzle tip end portion from the connecting portion. Therefore, the connection between the nozzle tip portion and the nozzle body is maintained, and its reliability is improved as much as possible. Also,
If the tip portion of the needle valve is made of ceramics or a metal having a thermal expansion coefficient substantially equal to that of the needle valve, and if a seat portion for seating the seat surface of the needle valve is formed on the intermediate member, it becomes the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle tip portion. The clearance between the tip of the needle valve and the outer peripheral surface is constant. The groove guides fuel to each nozzle. Therefore, the fuel is ejected from the nozzle without remaining in the tip portion of the nozzle, and clogging of the nozzle due to carbonization of the residual fuel is reduced as much as possible.
［実施例］ 以下に、本発明の噴射ノズル構造の好適一実施例を添付
図面に基づいて説明する。[Embodiment] A preferred embodiment of the jet nozzle structure of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図に示す如く円筒状に形成された金属製のノズル本
体１には、その針弁収容部２に、針弁３が昇降自在に収
容されている。ノズル本体１には、その先端に、インコ
ロイ、コバール等のセラミックスと略同等の熱膨張係数
の金属から形成されたリング状の中間部材４がノズル本
体１と同軸的に接続されている。この接続は、摩擦圧接
や拡散溶接によりなされる。中間部材４には、その先端
内周面に、針弁３のシート面3を着座させるためのシー
ト部4aが円錘状に形成されており、中間部材４には、そ
の後端部に、針弁３のステム部3aを包囲し得るように筒
部4bが形成されている。A needle valve 3 is accommodated in a needle valve accommodating portion 2 of a metallic nozzle body 1 formed in a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. A ring-shaped intermediate member 4 formed of a metal having a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially equal to that of ceramics such as Incoloy and Kovar is coaxially connected to the nozzle body 1 at the tip of the nozzle body 1. This connection is made by friction welding or diffusion welding. A seat portion 4a for seating the seat surface 3 of the needle valve 3 is formed in a cone shape on the inner peripheral surface of the tip of the intermediate member 4, and the intermediate member 4 has a needle portion at the rear end thereof. A tubular portion 4b is formed so as to surround the stem portion 3a of the valve 3.
ノズル先端部７は、セラミックス（例えばSi3N4，Al
2O3）にて焼成され、針弁３の円錘状の先端部の外周面
に倣わせて断面Ｖ字形に形成されている。そしてノズル
先端部７には、その側部7aに、ノズル先端部７の軸方向
に間隔を隔てて噴口８が複数形成されている。The nozzle tip 7 is made of ceramics (eg Si 3 N 4 , Al
2 O 3 ), and has a V-shaped cross section along the outer peripheral surface of the conical tip of the needle valve 3. The nozzle tip portion 7 has a plurality of injection holes 8 formed on its side portion 7a at intervals in the axial direction of the nozzle tip portion 7.
針弁５は、中間部材４のシート部4aに着座される部分を
含むその先端部（図の二点鎖線で示す部分）が、上記ノ
ズル先端部７と略同等の熱膨張係数の材料から形成され
ている。本実施例にあっては、針弁５のステム部3aがス
チールFeで構成され、針弁３の先端部3bが例えばセラミ
ックス（Si3N4）、インコロイ、ニレジスト等で形成さ
れ、その後に、一体に接続されて針弁５となる。これら
の接続にはブレージング溶接が採用される。The needle valve 5 has a tip portion (a portion indicated by a chain double-dashed line in the drawing) including a portion seated on the seat portion 4a of the intermediate member 4 formed of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient substantially equal to that of the nozzle tip portion 7. Has been done. In this embodiment, the stem portion 3a of the needle valve 5 is made of steel Fe, and the tip portion 3b of the needle valve 3 is made of, for example, ceramics (Si 3 N 4 ), incoloy, Niresist, etc. The needle valve 5 is integrally connected. Brazing welding is used for these connections.
なお、噴口８はノズル先端部の焼成と同時に形成できる
ので、その噴口形状を異形形状とすることや、噴口の開
口方向、噴口の直径なども精度よく形成することが可能
になる。Since the injection port 8 can be formed at the same time as the firing of the nozzle tip portion, it is possible to make the injection port into an irregular shape and to accurately form the opening direction of the injection port, the diameter of the injection port, and the like.
13は、噴口８を直線状に結ぶ溝であってその後端部がセ
ラミックス製ノズル先端部を中間部材の接続部まで延び
た溝である。この溝13によって燃料の流れはよくなり、
各噴口８から燃料が噴出されるため各噴口８のカーボン
詰まりが防止される。Reference numeral 13 is a groove that linearly connects the injection ports 8 and has a rear end portion that extends from the ceramic nozzle tip portion to the connection portion of the intermediate member. This groove 13 improves the flow of fuel,
Since the fuel is ejected from each nozzle 8, the carbon clogging of each nozzle 8 is prevented.
［発明の効果］ 以上説明したことから明らかなように本発明によれば次
のごとき優れた効果を発揮する。[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.
（１） 金属製のノズル本体とセラミックス製ノズル先
端部との接続を維持でき、噴口のカーボン詰まりをなく
すことができる。(1) The connection between the metal nozzle body and the ceramic nozzle tip can be maintained, and the clogging of the injection port with carbon can be eliminated.
（２） 安価に提供することができる。(2) It can be provided at low cost.
第１図は本考案の好適一実施例を示す縦断面図である。 図中、１はノズル本体、２は針弁収容部、３は針弁、3b
は針弁先端部、４は中間部材、4aはシート部、７はノズ
ル先端部、８は噴口、13は溝である。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a nozzle body, 2 is a needle valve accommodating portion, 3 is a needle valve, 3b
Is a needle valve tip portion, 4 is an intermediate member, 4a is a seat portion, 7 is a nozzle tip portion, 8 is an injection port, and 13 is a groove.
Claims (1)
成されたノズル先端部とをセラミックスと略同等の熱膨
張係数の金属から形成されたリング状の中間部材を挟ん
で一体に融接し、上記ノズル本体に昇降自在に収容され
る針弁の円錘状の先端部をセラミックス又はこれと熱膨
張係数が略同等の金属から構成し、中間部材に上記針弁
のシート面を着座させるためのシート部を形成し、ノズ
ル先端部の内周面を針弁の先端部の外周面に合わせて断
面Ｖ字状に形成し、上記ノズル先端部にその軸方向に間
隔を隔てて噴口を複数設けると共にノズル先端部の内周
面にそれら噴口を直線状に結ぶ溝であってその後端部が
ノズル先端部と中間部材との接続部まで延びた溝を設け
たことを特徴とする噴射ノズル構造。1. A nozzle body made of metal and a nozzle tip portion made of ceramics are integrally fused together with a ring-shaped intermediate member made of metal having a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially equal to that of ceramics being sandwiched between the nozzle body and the nozzle. A seat portion for accommodating the seat surface of the needle valve on the intermediate member, the conical tip end portion of the needle valve housed in the main body being vertically movable is made of ceramics or a metal having a thermal expansion coefficient substantially equal to that of the ceramics. The inner peripheral surface of the nozzle tip portion is formed in a V-shaped cross-section so as to match the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion of the needle valve, and the nozzle tip portion is provided with a plurality of nozzles at intervals in the axial direction thereof. An injection nozzle structure characterized in that a groove is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the tip portion, the groove connecting the nozzles linearly, and the rear end portion of the groove extends to a connecting portion between the nozzle tip portion and the intermediate member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61221918A JPH0612105B2 (en) | 1986-09-22 | 1986-09-22 | Injection nozzle structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61221918A JPH0612105B2 (en) | 1986-09-22 | 1986-09-22 | Injection nozzle structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6380063A JPS6380063A (en) | 1988-04-11 |
| JPH0612105B2 true JPH0612105B2 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
Family
ID=16774197
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61221918A Expired - Lifetime JPH0612105B2 (en) | 1986-09-22 | 1986-09-22 | Injection nozzle structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0612105B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4229730A1 (en) * | 1992-09-05 | 1994-03-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Electromagnetically actuated fuel injector |
| US5409165A (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1995-04-25 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Wear resistant fuel injector plunger assembly |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6178279U (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1986-05-26 |
-
1986
- 1986-09-22 JP JP61221918A patent/JPH0612105B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6380063A (en) | 1988-04-11 |
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