JPH06113469A - Charging system for enclosed battery for railway vehicle - Google Patents
Charging system for enclosed battery for railway vehicleInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06113469A JPH06113469A JP4280956A JP28095692A JPH06113469A JP H06113469 A JPH06113469 A JP H06113469A JP 4280956 A JP4280956 A JP 4280956A JP 28095692 A JP28095692 A JP 28095692A JP H06113469 A JPH06113469 A JP H06113469A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- storage battery
- charging system
- battery
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、鉄道車両に使用される
蓄電池の充電システム、更に詳しくは密閉形蓄電池に浮
動充電方式を採用した場合における熱暴走を防止する保
護機能に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging system for a storage battery used in a railway vehicle, and more particularly to a protection function for preventing thermal runaway when a floating charging system is adopted for a sealed storage battery.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】鉄道車両用としての蓄電池は、開放形と
密閉形の２種類が使用されてきた。前者の開放形では、
負荷と蓄電池が並列に接続される浮動充電方式が採用さ
れており比較的軽量、小型、安価な充電器で対応できる
反面、蓄電池の電解液が減少するため補液等のメンテナ
ンスを必要とする欠点があった。一方、後者の密閉形で
はメンテナンスフリーとなる反面、トリクル充電方式と
なり蓄電池の電気２重層による静電容量としての機能が
活用できないため新たにコンデンサの設置が必要になる
等、充電システムが大型化、重量化、高価になる欠点が
あった。2. Description of the Related Art Storage batteries for railway vehicles have been used in two types: open type and closed type. In the former open form,
Floating charging method, in which the load and the storage battery are connected in parallel, is adopted, and a relatively lightweight, small, and inexpensive charger can be used, but the electrolyte solution of the storage battery decreases, which requires maintenance such as replacement fluid. there were. On the other hand, while the latter closed type is maintenance-free, it becomes a trickle charging method and the function as the electrostatic capacity of the electric double layer of the storage battery cannot be used, so it is necessary to install a new capacitor and the charging system becomes large, It had the drawback of becoming heavy and expensive.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、密閉形蓄電
池で浮動充電方式にした場合、以下に示す熱暴走に対す
る危険性が回避できないために実用化するのは困難であ
った。熱暴走とは、浮動充電（定電圧充電）の場合に、
蓄電池周囲温度が高くなると、蓄電池の充電反応抵抗
（過電圧）が減少する等の原因によりその充電電流が増
大し、その結果、密閉形特有の酸素のガス吸収反応によ
る発熱量が増大し蓄電池温度の上昇をもたらし、さらに
充電電流が増大するというサイクルを繰り返し充電電
流、蓄電池温度が極度に増大し制御できなくなる現象で
ある。In the meantime, when the floating type is used for the sealed type storage battery, it is difficult to put it into practical use because the following danger of thermal runaway cannot be avoided. Thermal runaway is the case of floating charging (constant voltage charging),
When the ambient temperature of the storage battery rises, the charging current of the storage battery decreases due to factors such as a decrease in the charging reaction resistance (overvoltage) of the storage battery. This is a phenomenon in which the charging current and the temperature of the storage battery increase extremely and become uncontrollable by repeating the cycle of increasing the charging current and further increasing the charging current.
【０００４】また、蓄電池が寿命末期に達した場合、集
合した蓄電池の一部分が短絡しその蓄電池の電圧が低下
する分、他の蓄電池の電圧が増大する結果、充電電流が
増加して蓄電池温度が上昇しさらに充電電流が増加する
熱暴走を来すという問題もある。When the storage battery reaches the end of its life, a part of the assembled storage battery is short-circuited and the voltage of the storage battery decreases, and the voltage of the other storage battery increases. As a result, the charging current increases and the storage battery temperature increases. There is also the problem of thermal runaway that rises and the charging current also increases.
【０００５】このように、密閉形の浮動充電方式では、
密閉形特有の酸素のガス吸収反応があるために開放形に
比較して熱暴走しやすく、従来の技術では密閉形の浮動
充電方式を実現することは困難であった。In this way, in the closed type floating charging system,
Due to the oxygen gas absorption reaction peculiar to the closed type, thermal runaway is more likely to occur than in the open type, and it has been difficult to realize the closed type floating charging system with the conventional technology.
【０００６】本発明は、密閉形蓄電池において浮動充電
方式による充電システムを可能にしようとするものであ
る。すなわち、密閉形蓄電池により、メンテナンスフリ
ーとなる利点と、浮動充電方式による、比較的、軽量、
小型、安価な充電システムとなる利点を兼ね備え、なお
かつ、熱暴走に対しても保護機能を有する充電システム
を提供しようとするものである。The present invention is intended to enable a charging system by a floating charging system in a sealed storage battery. In other words, the sealed storage battery has the advantage of being maintenance-free, and the floating charging method makes it relatively lightweight,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a charging system that has the advantages of a small-sized and inexpensive charging system, and that also has a protection function against thermal runaway.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
めに、この発明は、鉄道車両用蓄電池の充電システムに
おいて、直流安定化充電装置に対して、負荷と密閉形蓄
電池が並列回路になっている浮動充電方式とし、その回
路において、密閉形蓄電池への充電電流が流れる回路と
放電電流が流れる回路がダイオードを介して並列に組み
合わせになっており、密閉形蓄電池への充電時におい
て、設定する充電電流値以上、設定する時間以上の充電
電流が流れた場合、充電回路が自動的に遮断されて蓄電
池の過充電を防止することにより熱暴走に対しての保護
機能を有する充電システムとする手段を採用したもので
ある。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention relates to a battery charging system for railway vehicles, in which a load and a sealed storage battery are parallel circuits to a DC stabilizing charging device. In this circuit, the circuit in which the charging current flows to the sealed storage battery and the circuit in which the discharge current flows are connected in parallel via a diode, and the setting is made when charging the sealed storage battery. The charging system has a function to protect against thermal runaway by automatically shutting off the charging circuit and preventing overcharging of the storage battery when the charging current exceeds the charging current value for a set time or longer. The means is adopted.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】本発明を採用して熱暴走に対する保護機能を持
たせることにより、密閉形蓄電池で浮動充電方式が可能
となり、密閉形蓄電池によるメンテナンスフリーとなる
利点と、浮動充電方式による、比較的軽量、小型、安価
な充電システムとなる利点を兼ね備えるとともに、前述
のごとく過大電流が流れた場合でもそれを自動的に検知
して蓄電池への充電回路のみを自動的に遮断することに
より、熱暴走が防止できる。By adopting the present invention and providing a protection function against thermal runaway, it is possible to perform a floating charging system with a sealed storage battery, and the advantage that the sealed storage battery is maintenance-free, and the floating charging system is relatively lightweight. In addition to having the advantage of being a compact and inexpensive charging system, thermal runaway can be achieved by automatically detecting even if an excessive current flows and automatically shutting off only the charging circuit to the storage battery as described above. It can be prevented.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、この発明の実施例を添付図面に基づい
て説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００１０】本発明の充電システムのブロック図を図１
に示す。まず架線１よりパンタグラフ２を通じて鉄道車
両の直流電源３に直流電流が供給されており、この直流
電源３が蓄電池への充電電源となる。直流安定化充電装
置に対して、負荷４と密閉形蓄電池９は並列回路になっ
ていて、蓄電池の充電方法は浮動充電方式とした。充電
用ダイオード５を介して密閉形蓄電池９へ充電電流が流
れる回路と放電用ダイオード６を介して密閉形蓄電池９
より放電電流が流れる回路を並列に組み合わせ、回路中
に検出器７と充電回路を遮断する開閉用スイッチ８を設
けてある。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the charging system of the present invention.
Shown in. First, a DC current is supplied from a catenary 1 to a DC power supply 3 of a railway vehicle through a pantograph 2, and this DC power supply 3 serves as a charging power supply for a storage battery. In contrast to the DC stabilized charging device, the load 4 and the sealed storage battery 9 are in a parallel circuit, and the storage battery is charged by the floating charging method. A circuit in which a charging current flows to the sealed storage battery 9 via the charging diode 5 and the sealed storage battery 9 via the discharging diode 6.
A circuit through which a more discharging current flows is combined in parallel, and an opening / closing switch 8 that cuts off the detector 7 and the charging circuit is provided in the circuit.
【００１１】検出器７は、充電電流を検出するものであ
り、充電電流が設定する充電電流値以上、設定する時間
以上の充電電流が流れた場合、スイッチ８を自動的に遮
断できるようにしたものであり熱暴走に対する保護機能
を持つことになる。The detector 7 detects the charging current. When the charging current exceeds the charging current value set by the charging current and exceeds the setting time, the switch 8 can be automatically shut off. It has a protection function against thermal runaway.
【００１２】熱暴走に対する保護機能の効果を確認する
ために、熱暴走に至りやすい高温の条件下、５０℃で試
験を実施した結果を図２に示す。蓄電池には、公称容量
５０ＡＨの密閉形Ｎｉ−Ｃｄ蓄電池７６セル組を使用
し、充電器最大電圧を１０８Ｖとし周囲温度を５０℃と
した。試験開始前の蓄電池の充電状態は、放電深度２０
％（公称容量比）にした。図２において充電電流が時間
経過と共に一度垂下しているが蓄電池温度が上昇してい
るため再び充電電流が増加し、２００分後において検出
回路が作動して充電回路が遮断され充電電流は流れなく
なっている。この時の蓄電池の内圧は、安全弁が作動す
る圧力０．５kg cm-2 以下であった。また、放電回路
は、遮断されていないので蓄電池の負荷に対する放電機
能は損なわれていない。このように過酷な条件下におい
ても本発明である充電システムの熱暴走に対する保護機
能、安全性が確認された。In order to confirm the effect of the protective function against thermal runaway, FIG. 2 shows the result of a test conducted at 50 ° C. under a high temperature condition that easily causes thermal runaway. As the storage battery, a sealed Ni-Cd storage battery 76 cell set having a nominal capacity of 50 AH was used, and the maximum voltage of the charger was 108 V and the ambient temperature was 50 ° C. The state of charge of the storage battery before the start of the test has a discharge depth of 20.
% (Nominal capacity ratio). In Figure 2, the charging current droops once with the passage of time, but since the storage battery temperature rises, the charging current increases again, and after 200 minutes, the detection circuit is activated and the charging circuit is cut off, and the charging current stops flowing. ing. At this time, the internal pressure of the storage battery was 0.5 kg cm -2 or less at which the safety valve actuated. Further, since the discharging circuit is not cut off, the discharging function for the load of the storage battery is not impaired. As described above, the protection function and the safety of the charging system of the present invention against thermal runaway were confirmed even under severe conditions.
【００１３】図３に、比較例として保護機能のない従来
手法による浮動充電システムの結果を示す。充電電流が
時間経過と共に一度垂下するが、蓄電池温度が上昇して
いるため充電電流が増大し続ける一方であり蓄電池温度
も上昇する一方で、内圧は安全弁が作動するまで上昇す
る熱暴走を来している。As a comparative example, FIG. 3 shows the result of a floating charging system according to a conventional method having no protection function. The charging current droops once with the passage of time, but since the storage battery temperature is rising, the charging current continues to increase and the storage battery temperature also rises, while the internal pressure rises until the safety valve operates causing thermal runaway. ing.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の充電シス
テムにより熱暴走を防止することができるので、密閉形
蓄電池で浮動充電方式の採用が可能となり、密閉形蓄電
池のメンテナンスフリーとなる利点と、浮動充電方式に
よる、比較的軽量、小型、安価となる利点を兼ね備えた
充電システムとすることができる。As described above, since the charging system of the present invention can prevent thermal runaway, it is possible to adopt a floating charging system in a sealed storage battery, which is an advantage that the sealed storage battery is maintenance-free. The floating charging method can provide a charging system that has the advantages of being relatively lightweight, compact, and inexpensive.
【図１】本発明の充電システムのブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a charging system of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の熱暴走に対する保護機能の確認試験に
おける電流，内圧，温度の変化を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing changes in current, internal pressure, and temperature in a test for confirming a protection function against thermal runaway according to the present invention.
【図３】従来手法の比較例による熱暴走における電流，
内圧，温度の変化を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a current in thermal runaway according to a comparative example of the conventional method,
It is a figure which shows the change of internal pressure and temperature.
１ 架線 ２ パンタグラフ ３ 直流電源 ４ 負荷 ５ 充電用ダイオード ６ 放電用ダイオード ７ 検出器 ８ 開閉スイッチ ９ 密閉形蓄電池 1 Overhead wire 2 Pantograph 3 DC power supply 4 Load 5 Charge diode 6 Discharge diode 7 Detector 8 Open / close switch 9 Sealed storage battery
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 立石 修一 大阪府高槻市城西町６番６号 湯浅電池株 式会社内 (72)発明者 寺島 憲造 神奈川県海老名市東柏ケ谷四丁目６番32号 東洋電機製造株式会社相模工場内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shuichi Tateishi 6-6 Josaimachi, Takatsuki City, Osaka Prefecture Yuasa Battery Co., Ltd. Manufacturing Sagami Factory
Claims (1)
閉形蓄電池が並列回路になっている浮動充電方式の回路
において、密閉形蓄電池への充電電流が流れる回路と放
電電流が流れる回路が各々ダイオードを介して並列に組
み合わせになっており、密閉形蓄電池への充電時におい
て、熱暴走などを来らしめ蓄電池に損傷を与える可能性
のある充電電流が流れた場合、充電回路が自動的に遮断
されて蓄電池の過充電を防止することを特徴とする熱暴
走に対して保護機能を有する鉄道車両用密閉形蓄電池の
充電システム。1. In a floating charging type circuit in which a load and a sealed storage battery are parallel circuits with respect to a DC stabilized charging device, a circuit through which a charging current flows to a sealed storage battery and a circuit through which a discharge current flows Each is connected in parallel via a diode, and when charging a sealed storage battery, if a charging current that may cause thermal runaway or damage the storage battery flows, the charging circuit will automatically A closed-type rechargeable battery charging system for a railway vehicle having a protection function against thermal runaway, which is protected from overcharge of the rechargeable battery by being shut off by
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4280956A JPH06113469A (en) | 1992-09-25 | 1992-09-25 | Charging system for enclosed battery for railway vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4280956A JPH06113469A (en) | 1992-09-25 | 1992-09-25 | Charging system for enclosed battery for railway vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06113469A true JPH06113469A (en) | 1994-04-22 |
Family
ID=17632243
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4280956A Pending JPH06113469A (en) | 1992-09-25 | 1992-09-25 | Charging system for enclosed battery for railway vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06113469A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008245485A (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-09 | Hitachi Ltd | Vehicle control system |
| FR2926934A1 (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-07-31 | Saft Groupe Sa | ELECTRONIC SYSTEM FOR BATTERY |
| CN102074986A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2011-05-25 | 河北创科电子科技有限公司 | Electric power single-group storage battery DC system and storage battery discharging method |
| JP2016187280A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-10-27 | 株式会社東芝 | Auxiliary power source device |
| CN112345943A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-09 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Battery thermal runaway early warning method and device |
-
1992
- 1992-09-25 JP JP4280956A patent/JPH06113469A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008245485A (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-09 | Hitachi Ltd | Vehicle control system |
| JP4670827B2 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2011-04-13 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Vehicle control system |
| FR2926934A1 (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-07-31 | Saft Groupe Sa | ELECTRONIC SYSTEM FOR BATTERY |
| JP2009183139A (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-08-13 | Saft Groupe Sa | Electronic system for battery |
| EP2085268A3 (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2010-09-08 | Saft Groupe S.A. | Electronic system for battery |
| US8193773B2 (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2012-06-05 | Saft | Electronic system for a battery |
| CN102074986A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2011-05-25 | 河北创科电子科技有限公司 | Electric power single-group storage battery DC system and storage battery discharging method |
| JP2016187280A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-10-27 | 株式会社東芝 | Auxiliary power source device |
| CN112345943A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-09 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Battery thermal runaway early warning method and device |
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