JPH06111857A - Sealed lead-acid battery - Google Patents
Sealed lead-acid batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06111857A JPH06111857A JP4285570A JP28557092A JPH06111857A JP H06111857 A JPH06111857 A JP H06111857A JP 4285570 A JP4285570 A JP 4285570A JP 28557092 A JP28557092 A JP 28557092A JP H06111857 A JPH06111857 A JP H06111857A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- electrolyte
- battery
- cover
- moisture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は充放電状態を検出する電
解液濃度センサを備えた密閉鉛蓄電池に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sealed lead acid battery provided with an electrolyte concentration sensor for detecting a charge / discharge state.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術とその課題】周知のように鉛蓄電池は電解
液の比重あるいは硫酸濃度を測定することにより充放電
状態を正確に知ることができる。それは充放電反応に硫
酸が関与するためで、充放電量に比例して硫酸濃度が変
化するためである。したがって、電解液の濃度が分かれ
ば、電池の充放電状態あるいは残存容量、即ち現在その
電池がどの程度放電しているか、あるいはあとどの程度
放電できるかを正確に知ることができる。2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, in a lead storage battery, the charge / discharge state can be accurately known by measuring the specific gravity or sulfuric acid concentration of the electrolytic solution. This is because sulfuric acid participates in the charge / discharge reaction, and the sulfuric acid concentration changes in proportion to the charge / discharge amount. Therefore, if the concentration of the electrolytic solution is known, it is possible to accurately know the charge / discharge state or the remaining capacity of the battery, that is, how much the battery is currently discharged, or how much can be discharged.
【０００３】さらに一歩進めて、硫酸濃度を電気信号と
して取り出すセンサが開発できれば、この電気信号を充
電器にフィードバックして電池の充放電状態を自動的に
コントロールできるので予備電源機器の無保守化に貢献
できる。If we can develop a sensor that takes sulfuric acid concentration as an electric signal, we can feed back this electric signal to a charger and automatically control the charging / discharging state of the battery. I can contribute.
【０００４】近年、鉛蓄電池はガラス繊維よりなるマッ
ト状のセパレータを使用して電解液量を湿潤する程度に
抑えて保持させることにより、漏液がおこらないように
なった。同時に、電解液量を制限することで正極板から
発生する酸素ガスが負極板へ移動するのを容易にして酸
素ガスと負極板とを反応させ、いわゆる酸素サイクル原
理によって液減りをなくし、ほぼ完全な無保守化電池が
作られるようになった。In recent years, lead acid batteries have been prevented from leaking by using a mat-shaped separator made of glass fiber and holding the electrolytic solution so that the amount of the electrolytic solution is suppressed to a wet level. At the same time, limiting the amount of electrolytic solution facilitates the movement of oxygen gas generated from the positive electrode plate to the negative electrode plate, reacts the oxygen gas with the negative electrode plate, and eliminates the liquid loss by the so-called oxygen cycle principle, which makes it almost complete. Maintenance-free batteries are now available.
【０００５】その結果、市場では鉛蓄電池は従来の液式
から次第に密閉式に置き替わりつつある。しかし、密閉
鉛蓄電池は無保守化という優れた特長を持つようになっ
た反面、電池の内部に遊離電解液がなくなったので液式
電池で使われていた硫酸濃度と浮力や屈折率の関係を利
用したフロート式あるいは光学式のセンサなどは使用で
きなくなってしまった。ユーザは充電状態をチェックす
る手段を失ったため正常と異常の判断が困難となり、ま
たメンテナンスサービス業者は点検結果に責任を持ちに
くいなどの問題が出てきた。したがって、遊離電解液が
なくても硫酸濃度を検出できるセンサの開発が強く望ま
れるようになった。As a result, lead-acid batteries are gradually being replaced with sealed batteries from the conventional liquid type in the market. However, while the sealed lead-acid battery has the excellent feature of being maintenance-free, there is no free electrolyte inside the battery, so the relationship between the sulfuric acid concentration used in liquid batteries and buoyancy or refractive index The float type or optical type sensor that I used can no longer be used. Since the user loses the means for checking the charge state, it is difficult to judge whether the battery is normal or abnormal, and the maintenance service company has difficulty in taking responsibility for the inspection result. Therefore, the development of a sensor that can detect the sulfuric acid concentration without a free electrolytic solution has been strongly desired.
【０００６】このニーズに応えるため、図１に示すよう
に湿度センサを用いて硫酸濃度とその飽和水蒸気圧が対
応関係にあることを利用して、水蒸気圧を湿度として検
出し、この湿度値から硫酸濃度を求めて充放電状態を検
出する方法が提案〔JECS，Vol.129 ，P.2409（1982）〕
されている。To meet this need, as shown in FIG. 1, the humidity sensor is used to detect the water vapor pressure as humidity by utilizing the fact that the sulfuric acid concentration and its saturated water vapor pressure have a corresponding relationship. Proposed a method to detect the charge / discharge state by obtaining the sulfuric acid concentration [JECS, Vol.129, P.2409 (1982)]
Has been done.
【０００７】この方法による湿度センサは感湿部が硫酸
透過防止膜と撥水性膜とによって電解液と直接接触しな
いように遮られているが、いくらかは分子の形態で内部
に侵入してくるので寿命の長いセンサが得られないのが
現状である。一方、充放電時の応答特性を改良するため
センサを極板の間に取り付ける方法（特開平2-210771）
が提案されているが、この方法は応答速度は良好である
が寿命が短いため使用途中で交換せねばならず、これが
ため電池をまるごと新しい電池と交換しなければならな
い欠点があった。In the humidity sensor according to this method, the moisture sensitive portion is shielded by the sulfuric acid permeation preventive film and the water repellent film so as not to come into direct contact with the electrolytic solution, but some of the moisture sensor enters the inside in the form of molecules. The current situation is that a sensor with a long life cannot be obtained. On the other hand, a method of mounting a sensor between electrode plates to improve response characteristics during charge and discharge (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-210771)
However, this method has a drawback in that it has to be replaced during use because it has a good response speed but has a short service life, and thus the whole battery must be replaced with a new battery.
【０００８】上記の欠点を除去するためセンサを電槽上
部の気相空間に取り付ける方法が提案されている（特願
平2-238516）がこの方式だと図４に示すように充放電時
の電解液濃度変化に対するセンサの応答速度が遅くな
る。また水蒸気圧が電槽の周囲温度の変化に対して敏感
に変化するため温度補償素子を設けているにもかかわら
ず図５に示すように指示比重に大きな誤差を生じ実用性
に欠ける欠点があった。In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, a method of mounting a sensor in the vapor phase space above the battery case has been proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 2-238516). This method is shown in FIG. The response speed of the sensor to the change in the electrolyte concentration becomes slow. Further, since the water vapor pressure sensitively changes with respect to the change in the ambient temperature of the battery case, there is a drawback that the indicated specific gravity has a large error as shown in FIG. It was
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明はセンサ収納部を
独立気泡をもったポリエチレン樹脂、ポリスチレン樹
脂、ウレタン樹脂などの断熱効果の大きい発泡体からな
る凹状のカバー内にセンサ感湿部を収納しカバー開口部
をセパレータに当接する構造にすることにより、応答性
に優れ、かつ寿命に応じてセンサの装脱着が可能な電解
液濃度センサを備えた密閉鉛蓄電池を提供するものであ
る。According to the present invention, a sensor housing portion is housed in a concave cover made of foam having a large heat insulating effect such as polyethylene resin, polystyrene resin, urethane resin having closed cells. By providing a structure in which the cover opening is in contact with the separator, the sealed lead-acid battery is provided with an electrolytic solution concentration sensor that is excellent in responsiveness and that allows the sensor to be attached / detached depending on the life.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】以下、本発明密閉鉛蓄電池用電解液濃度セン
サの実施例を図によって説明する。EXAMPLE An example of an electrolyte concentration sensor for a sealed lead acid battery according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１１】図２は、密閉鉛蓄電池に湿度センサを装着
した状態を示す断面模式図である。１は電池の電槽、２
は電槽の蓋、３は負極板、４はガラス繊維よりなるマッ
ト状のセパレータ、５は正極板、６電槽上部の気相空
間、７は螺着構造など電槽蓋に装脱着可能な構造を持た
せたセンサの本体、８はゴムパッキン、９はセンサの感
湿部、１０はセンサの感湿部を微小空間１１に閉じこめ
るための独立気泡を有するポリエチレンやポリスチレン
の発泡体からなる断熱性カバー、１２はセンサの出力を
取り出すためのリード線である。FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing a state in which a humidity sensor is attached to a sealed lead acid battery. 1 is the battery case, 2
Is a lid of the battery case, 3 is a negative electrode plate, 4 is a mat-shaped separator made of glass fiber, 5 is a positive electrode plate, 6 is a vapor phase space above the battery container, and 7 is a screw structure, etc. A body of a sensor having a structure, 8 is a rubber packing, 9 is a moisture-sensitive part of the sensor, and 10 is a heat insulation made of polyethylene or polystyrene foam having closed cells for confining the moisture-sensitive part of the sensor in the minute space 11. And a reference numeral 12 is a lead wire for taking out the output of the sensor.
【００１２】本発明電解液濃度センサを装着した容量20
0AH の電池を1/3Cの電流で放電し、次いで定電圧充電を
行った時のセンサ応答特性を図３に示す。放電時の応答
の遅れは約30分で、図４に示す電槽上部の気相空間に取
り付けたものに比べて優れている。また図５に示すよう
に気相空間に取り付けたものは充電後の放置状態で僅か
な周囲温度の変化にも強く影響を受ける。一方、本発明
のものは、図６に示すように温度変化に関係なく比重指
示値は安定している。The capacity 20 equipped with the electrolyte concentration sensor of the present invention
Figure 3 shows the sensor response characteristics when a 0AH battery was discharged at a current of 1 / 3C and then subjected to constant voltage charging. The delay in response during discharge is about 30 minutes, which is superior to the one installed in the gas phase space above the battery case shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the one mounted in the gas phase space is also strongly affected by a slight change in ambient temperature in the left state after charging. On the other hand, in the case of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the specific gravity instruction value is stable regardless of the temperature change.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】応答性に優れ、かつ寿命によるセンサ交
換が容易な電解液濃度センサにより密閉鉛蓄電池の充放
電制御が容易となり予備電源機器の無保守化に貢献でき
る。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The electrolyte concentration sensor, which has excellent responsiveness and whose sensor life is easy to replace, makes it easy to control the charge / discharge of the sealed lead acid battery and contribute to maintenance-free maintenance of the standby power supply equipment.
【図１】電解液の硫酸濃度と相対湿度の関係を示す図FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the sulfuric acid concentration of an electrolytic solution and relative humidity.
【図２】本発明密閉鉛蓄電池のセンサ装着状態を示す断
面模式図FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a sensor mounting state of the sealed lead acid battery of the present invention.
【図３】本発明電池に用いた湿度電解液濃度センサの応
答特性を示す図FIG. 3 is a diagram showing response characteristics of a humidity electrolyte concentration sensor used in the battery of the present invention.
【図４】従来の方式のセンサ応答特性を示す図FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a conventional sensor response characteristic.
【図５】従来の方式のセンサ温度補償特性を示す図FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a conventional sensor temperature compensation characteristic.
【図６】本発明電池用センサの温度補償特性を示す図FIG. 6 is a diagram showing temperature compensation characteristics of the battery sensor of the present invention.
１ 電槽 ２ 蓋 ４ セパレータ ７ センサ本体 ９ センサ感湿部 10 センサカバー 1 Battery Case 2 Lid 4 Separator 7 Sensor Main Body 9 Sensor Moisture Sensing Section 10 Sensor Cover
Claims (1)
ンサにより湿度として検出し、該湿度値から電解液濃度
を求め充放電状態を検出する密閉鉛蓄電池にあって、該
湿度センサが電槽蓋に装脱着可能な構造で、かつセンサ
感湿部が凹形カバー内に収納されるとともに、該カバー
開口面をセパレータに当接することを特徴とする電解液
濃度センサを備えた密閉鉛蓄電池。1. A sealed lead-acid battery that detects a water vapor pressure equilibrium with an electrolyte of a battery as humidity by a humidity sensor, and obtains an electrolyte concentration from the humidity value to detect a charging / discharging state. A sealed lead acid battery having an electrolyte concentration sensor, which has a structure that can be attached to and detached from a tank lid, and the sensor moisture sensitive portion is housed in a concave cover, and the opening surface of the cover contacts the separator. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4285570A JPH06111857A (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1992-09-29 | Sealed lead-acid battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4285570A JPH06111857A (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1992-09-29 | Sealed lead-acid battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06111857A true JPH06111857A (en) | 1994-04-22 |
Family
ID=17693270
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4285570A Pending JPH06111857A (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1992-09-29 | Sealed lead-acid battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06111857A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120121942A1 (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-05-17 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Battery pack |
| US9755218B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2017-09-05 | K-Tec Engineering, Inc. | Stationary lead battery performance improvement method |
-
1992
- 1992-09-29 JP JP4285570A patent/JPH06111857A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120121942A1 (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-05-17 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Battery pack |
| US8877370B2 (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2014-11-04 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Battery pack having a sensor a gas sensor in the cap assembly |
| US9755218B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2017-09-05 | K-Tec Engineering, Inc. | Stationary lead battery performance improvement method |
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