JPH06106402A - Cutting tool made of surface covered wc cemented carbide - Google Patents
Cutting tool made of surface covered wc cemented carbideInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06106402A JPH06106402A JP28255592A JP28255592A JPH06106402A JP H06106402 A JPH06106402 A JP H06106402A JP 28255592 A JP28255592 A JP 28255592A JP 28255592 A JP28255592 A JP 28255592A JP H06106402 A JPH06106402 A JP H06106402A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cemented carbide
- cutting tool
- layer
- thickness
- cutting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、炭化タングステン
（以下、ＷＣで示す）基超合金を基体とし、その表面に
密着性の優れた硬質被覆層を形成してなる表面被覆ＷＣ
基超硬合金製切削工具に関するものであり、一段と苛酷
な条件のフライス切削などの断続切削に使用しても硬質
被覆層の剥離が起こりにくく、優れた切削性能を示す表
面被覆ＷＣ基超硬合金製切削工具に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surface-coated WC formed by using a tungsten carbide (hereinafter referred to as WC) -based superalloy as a substrate and forming a hard coating layer having excellent adhesion on the surface thereof.
The present invention relates to a base cemented carbide cutting tool, and even when used for intermittent cutting such as milling cutting under more severe conditions, the hard coating layer does not easily peel off and exhibits excellent cutting performance. The present invention relates to a cutting tool.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、ＷＣ基超硬合金基体の表面に、
化学蒸着法（以下、ＣＶＤ法という）によりＴｉの炭窒
化物（以下、ＴｉＣＮで示す）層を被覆した表面被覆Ｗ
Ｃ基超硬合金製切削工具、およびこの表面被覆ＷＣ基超
硬合金製切削工具の表面に、さらに、炭窒酸化チタン、
窒化チタン、および酸化アルミニウム（以下、それぞれ
ＴｉＣＮＯ、ＴｉＮ、およびＡｌ2 Ｏ3 で示す）のうち
の１種の単層または２種以上の複層からなる硬質被覆層
を０．５〜１０μｍの範囲内の平均層厚で形成してなる
表面被覆ＷＣ基超硬合金製切削工具は、鋼などの断続切
削に用いられていることは知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, on the surface of a WC-based cemented carbide substrate,
Surface coating W coated with a carbonitride (hereinafter referred to as TiCN) layer of Ti by a chemical vapor deposition method (hereinafter referred to as a CVD method)
On the surface of the C-based cemented carbide cutting tool and the surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool, titanium oxycarbonitride,
A hard coating layer composed of one single layer of titanium nitride and aluminum oxide (hereinafter, respectively represented by TiCNO, TiN, and Al 2 O 3 ) or a multilayer of two or more layers in a range of 0.5 to 10 μm. It is known that the surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool formed with an average layer thickness is used for intermittent cutting of steel and the like.
【０００３】しかし、前記従来のＣＶＤ法は、９００℃
を越える高温で行われるため、ＷＣ基超硬合金基体とＴ
ｉＣＮ層との境界に脱炭層が形成され、さらに形成され
たＴｉＣＮ層の結晶粒が異常成長するなどして、十分な
耐摩耗性、耐欠損性などが得られなず、前記従来のＣＶ
Ｄ被覆超硬切削工具においては、苛酷な条件下での使用
寿命は満足のいくものではなかった。However, the conventional CVD method uses 900 ° C.
Since it is carried out at a high temperature exceeding 100 ° C., WC-based cemented carbide substrate and T
A decarburized layer is formed at the boundary with the iCN layer, and the crystal grains of the formed TiCN layer grow abnormally, so that sufficient wear resistance and fracture resistance cannot be obtained.
With D-coated carbide cutting tools, the service life under severe conditions was unsatisfactory.
【０００４】このため、近年、有機ＣＮ化合物を使用
し、７００〜９００℃の温度で化学蒸着することができ
る中温化学蒸着法（以下、ＭＴ−ＣＶＤ法という）が提
案されている（特開昭６２−４４５７２号公報参照）。For this reason, in recent years, there has been proposed a medium temperature chemical vapor deposition method (hereinafter referred to as MT-CVD method) in which an organic CN compound can be used for chemical vapor deposition at a temperature of 700 to 900 ° C. 62-44572 gazette).
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、前記ＭＴ−Ｃ
ＶＤ法においては、基体脱炭層の形成、ＴｉＣＮ層の結
晶粒の異常成長などの防止にはその効果を発揮するが、
低温で行なうために従来の高温ＣＶＤ法により形成され
たＴｉＣＮ層に比べて密着性という点で劣り、そのため
一段と苛酷な条件下での高速、高送りフライス切削や湿
式フライス切削などの断続切削に用いた場合に、ＷＣ基
超合金基体に対するＴｉＣＮ層の密着性が十分でなく、
そのためにＴｉＣＮ層の剥離やチッピングが発生し、工
具寿命を伸ばすことが依然としてできなかった。However, the above-mentioned MT-C
The VD method is effective in forming a decarburized substrate layer and preventing abnormal growth of crystal grains in the TiCN layer.
Since it is performed at a low temperature, it is inferior in adhesiveness to the TiCN layer formed by the conventional high temperature CVD method, so it is used for intermittent cutting such as high speed, high feed milling cutting and wet milling cutting under more severe conditions. If the TiCN layer is not sufficiently adhered to the WC-based superalloy substrate,
Therefore, peeling or chipping of the TiCN layer occurred, and the tool life could not be extended.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで、本発明者らは、
ＭＴ−ＣＶＤ法によるＴｉＣＮ層の長所を保持しつつ、
ＷＣ基超硬合金基体に対する密着強度の向上をはかるべ
く研究を行った結果、（ａ） ＷＣ基超硬合金基体の表
面に、通常の高温ＣＶＤ法により形成された、厚さ：５
〜５０ｎｍ、結晶粒が粒状の組織を有するＴｉＣＮ層
は、密着性が特に優れており、かかる高温ＣＶＤ法によ
り形成されたＴｉＣＮ層の上に、ＭＴ−ＣＶＤ法により
厚さ：１〜８μｍ、結晶粒が柱状の組織を有するＴｉＣ
Ｎ層を形成して得られた表面被覆ＷＣ基超硬合金製切削
工具は、従来のＭＴ−ＣＶＤ法により得られた表面被覆
ＷＣ基超硬合金製切削工具よりもＴｉＣＮ層の密着性が
極めて優れている、（ｂ） 前記（ａ）で作製した表面
被覆ＷＣ基超硬合金製切削工具の表面に、さらに、厚
さ：０．１〜２μｍを有する酸化アルミニウム、窒化チ
タン、炭窒酸化チタンのうちの１種の単層または２種以
上の複層を形成してもよい、などの知見を得たのであ
る。Therefore, the present inventors have
While maintaining the advantages of the TiCN layer formed by the MT-CVD method,
As a result of research to improve the adhesion strength to the WC-based cemented carbide substrate, (a) the thickness: 5 formed on the surface of the WC-based cemented carbide substrate by the ordinary high temperature CVD method.
A TiCN layer having a grain structure of ˜50 nm and having a grain structure is particularly excellent in adhesion, and a TiCN layer formed by such a high temperature CVD method has a thickness of 1 to 8 μm by a MT-CVD method, and a crystal. TiC with grains having a columnar structure
The surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool obtained by forming the N layer has a TiCN layer having a much higher adhesion than the surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool obtained by the conventional MT-CVD method. Excellent, (b) On the surface of the surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool prepared in (a) above, further, aluminum oxide, titanium nitride, titanium oxycarbonitride having a thickness of 0.1 to 2 μm. It was found that one of the above-mentioned single layers or two or more types of multilayers may be formed.
【０００７】この発明は、かかる知見にもとずいてなさ
れたものであって、（１） ＷＣ基超硬合金基体表面
に、厚さ：５〜５０ｎｍ、結晶粒が粒状の組織を有する
ＴｉＣＮ層（以下、ＴｉＣＮ内層という）と、前記Ｔｉ
ＣＮ内層の上に形成され、厚さ：１〜８μｍ、結晶粒が
柱状の組織を有するＴｉＣＮ層（以下、ＴｉＣＮ外層と
いう）からなる炭窒化チタン層を形成してなる表面被覆
ＷＣ基超硬合金製切削工具、（２） 前記（１）記載の
表面被覆ＷＣ基超硬合金製切削工具の表面に、さらに、
厚さ：０．１〜２μｍを有する酸化アルミニウム、窒化
チタン、炭窒酸化チタンのうちの１種の単層または２種
以上の複層（以下、最外層という）を形成してなる表面
被覆ＷＣ基超硬合金製切削工具、に特徴を有するもので
ある。The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and (1) a TiCN layer having a grain structure with a grain size of 5 to 50 nm on the surface of a WC-based cemented carbide substrate. (Hereinafter, referred to as TiCN inner layer) and the Ti
A surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide formed on a CN inner layer and having a thickness: 1 to 8 μm, and a titanium carbonitride layer formed of a TiCN layer (hereinafter, referred to as TiCN outer layer) having a columnar structure of crystal grains. Cutting tool, (2) On the surface of the surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool according to (1) above,
Thickness: Surface coating WC formed by forming one single layer or two or more multi-layers (hereinafter, referred to as outermost layers) of aluminum oxide, titanium nitride, and titanium oxycarbonitride having a thickness of 0.1 to 2 μm. It is characterized by a base cemented carbide cutting tool.
【０００８】この発明の結晶粒が粒状の組織を有するＴ
ｉＣＮ内層を形成するには、反応温度：９００℃超、圧
力：１５０ｔｏｒｒ以下の高真空にて、通常のＣＶＤ反
応に使用されるＴｉＣｌ4 、Ｎ2 、ＣＨ4 、Ｈ2 などの
ガスを短時間反応させることで形成される。前記短時間
とは１〜１０分である。また、この発明の結晶粒が柱状
の組織を有するＴｉＣＮ外層は、通常のＭＴ−ＣＶＤ法
により形成される。The crystal grains of the present invention have a granular structure T
In order to form the iCN inner layer, a gas such as TiCl 4 , N 2 , CH 4 , and H 2 used for a normal CVD reaction is briefly used in a high vacuum at a reaction temperature of over 900 ° C. and a pressure of 150 torr or less. It is formed by reacting. The short time is 1 to 10 minutes. Further, the TiCN outer layer of the present invention having a columnar structure of crystal grains is formed by a usual MT-CVD method.
【０００９】ＴｉＣＮ内層の厚さを５〜５０ｎｍとした
のは、５ｎｍより小さいと、ＴｉＣＮ外層の十分な付着
力の向上効果が得られないからであり、一方、ＴｉＣＮ
内層の厚さを５０ｎｍより大きくすると、結晶粒が粒状
とならず、長時間の高温ＣＶＤを行うことにより基体の
強度の低下をもたらすと共に基体とＴｉＣＮ内層の間に
脱炭層が形成され密着性が低下して好ましくないからで
ある。The thickness of the TiCN inner layer is set to 5 to 50 nm because if the thickness is less than 5 nm, a sufficient effect of improving the adhesive force of the TiCN outer layer cannot be obtained.
When the thickness of the inner layer is more than 50 nm, the crystal grains do not become granular, and the high temperature CVD for a long time causes the strength of the substrate to be lowered, and a decarburized layer is formed between the substrate and the TiCN inner layer to improve the adhesion. This is because it is unfavorable because it decreases.
【００１０】ＴｉＣＮ外層の厚さを１〜８μｍとしたの
は、１μｍより小さいと、ＴｉＣＮ外層の柱状結晶粒が
得られないために十分な耐摩耗性が得られず、一方、８
μｍより大きいと、欠損、チッピングを起こしやすくな
るからである。The thickness of the TiCN outer layer is set to 1 to 8 μm because if it is less than 1 μm, sufficient wear resistance cannot be obtained because columnar crystal grains of the TiCN outer layer cannot be obtained.
If it is larger than μm, defects and chipping are likely to occur.
【００１１】最外層の厚さを０．１〜２μｍとしたの
は、０．１μｍより小さいと、耐クレーター性、耐溶着
性向上効果がなく、一方、２μｍより大きいと、欠損、
チッピングを起こしやすくなるからである。The thickness of the outermost layer is set to 0.1 to 2 μm because when it is less than 0.1 μm, there is no effect of improving crater resistance and welding resistance, while when it is more than 2 μm, defects occur.
This is because chipping is likely to occur.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】つぎに、この発明の表面被覆ＷＣ基超硬合金
製切削工具を実施例により具体的に説明する。EXAMPLES Next, the surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool of the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples.
【００１３】表１に示される配合組成と同一の成分組成
を有し、かつＩＳＯ規格のＳＮＧ４３２に定めた形状の
スローアウェイチップを用意し、このスローアウェイチ
ップをＷＣ基超硬合金基体Ａ〜Ｅとした。A throw-away tip having the same composition as that shown in Table 1 and having a shape defined by ISO standard SNG432 is prepared, and the throw-away tip is used as a WC-based cemented carbide substrate AE. And
【００１４】[0014]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１５】これら表１に示されるＷＣ基超硬合金基体
Ａ〜Ｅの表面に、それぞれを表２〜表７に示される条件
で通常のＣＶＤ法によるＴｉＣＮ内層およびＭＴ−ＣＶ
Ｄ法によるＴｉＣＮ外層を形成し、表８〜表９に示され
る本発明被覆切削工具（以下、本発明工具という）１〜
９および比較被覆切削工具（以下、比較工具）１〜４を
作製し、さらに比較のために、通常のＣＶＤ法だけまた
はＭＴ−ＣＶＤ法だけで従来被覆切削工具（以下、従来
工具）１〜２を作製した。なお上記比較工具１〜４は、
ＴｉＣＮ内層およびＴｉＣＮ外層の厚さがこの発明の範
囲から外れているものである。On the surfaces of the WC-based cemented carbide substrates A to E shown in Table 1, the TiCN inner layer and MT-CV by the ordinary CVD method under the conditions shown in Tables 2 to 7, respectively.
The TiCN outer layer is formed by the D method, and the coated cutting tools of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the present tools) 1 to 9 shown in Tables 8 to 9 are formed.
9 and comparative coated cutting tools (hereinafter referred to as comparative tools) 1 to 4 were prepared, and for comparison, conventional coated cutting tools (hereinafter referred to as conventional tools) 1 to 2 were prepared only by ordinary CVD method or MT-CVD method. Was produced. The comparative tools 1 to 4 are
The thickness of the TiCN inner layer and the TiCN outer layer is outside the scope of the present invention.
【００１６】[0016]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１７】[0017]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００１８】[0018]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００１９】[0019]
【表５】 [Table 5]
【００２０】[0020]
【表６】 [Table 6]
【００２１】[0021]
【表７】 [Table 7]
【００２２】上記本発明工具１〜９、比較工具１〜４お
よび従来工具１〜２について、 被削材 ：ＳＮＣＭ４３９（硬さ：ＨB ２６０） 切削速度：２００ｍ／min 送 り：０．３mm／刃 切込み ：２．０mm 切削時間：１５min 冷却油 ：なし の条件で鋼のフライス切削試験を行ない、切刃の逃げ面
摩耗幅を測定するとともに、切刃状況も観察し、これら
の結果も表８〜表９に示した。[0022] The present invention tools 1-9, Comparative tools 1 to 4 and conventional tools 1-2, Workpiece: SNCM439 (Hardness: H B 260) Cutting speed: 200 meters / min feed Ri: 0.3 mm / Blade depth: 2.0 mm Cutting time: 15 min A milling test of steel was conducted under the condition of no cooling oil: not only to measure the flank wear width of the cutting edge, but also to observe the cutting edge condition. These results are also shown in Table 8. ~ Shown in Table 9.
【００２３】[0023]
【表８】 [Table 8]
【００２４】[0024]
【表９】 [Table 9]
【００２５】表８〜表９に示された結果から、前記条件
のフライス切削を行った場合、本発明工具１〜９は、い
ずれも切刃の逃げ面摩耗幅が少なく、さらに切刃状況が
正常摩耗を示すに対し、比較工具１〜４は異常摩耗また
は初期欠損を起こし、さらに従来工具１〜２も初期欠損
または初期剥離を起こすことがわかる。From the results shown in Tables 8 to 9, when milling under the above conditions, all of the tools 1 to 9 of the present invention have a small flank wear width of the cutting edge, and further the cutting edge condition. It can be seen that, in contrast to the normal wear, the comparative tools 1 to 4 cause abnormal wear or initial damage, and the conventional tools 1 to 2 also cause initial damage or initial peeling.
【００２６】[0026]
【発明の効果】上述のように、この発明によると、従来
よりも優れた切削性能を示す表面被覆ＷＣ基超硬合金製
切削工具を提供することができ、産業の発展に大いに貢
献し得るものである。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool exhibiting superior cutting performance to the prior art, which can greatly contribute to industrial development. Is.
Claims (2)
化チタン内層と、 前記炭窒化チタン内層の上に形成され、厚さ：１〜８μ
ｍ、結晶粒が柱状の組織を有する炭窒化チタン外層を形
成してなることを特徴とする表面被覆ＷＣ基超硬合金製
切削工具。1. A titanium carbonitride inner layer having a thickness of 5 to 50 nm and crystal grains having a granular structure on the surface of a WC-based cemented carbide substrate, and a titanium carbonitride inner layer having a thickness of 1: 1. ~ 8μ
m, a surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool formed by forming an outer layer of titanium carbonitride having a columnar structure of crystal grains.
製切削工具の表面に、さらに、厚さ：０．１〜２μｍを
有する酸化アルミニウム、窒化チタン、炭窒酸化チタン
のうちの１種の単層または２種以上の複層を形成してな
ることを特徴とする表面被覆ＷＣ基超硬合金製切削工
具。2. The surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool according to claim 1, further comprising one of aluminum oxide, titanium nitride, and titanium oxycarbonitride having a thickness of 0.1 to 2 μm. A surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool, characterized in that it comprises a single layer of one kind or a multi-layer of two or more kinds.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28255592A JP3161087B2 (en) | 1992-09-28 | 1992-09-28 | Surface coated WC based cemented carbide cutting tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28255592A JP3161087B2 (en) | 1992-09-28 | 1992-09-28 | Surface coated WC based cemented carbide cutting tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06106402A true JPH06106402A (en) | 1994-04-19 |
| JP3161087B2 JP3161087B2 (en) | 2001-04-25 |
Family
ID=17654001
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28255592A Expired - Lifetime JP3161087B2 (en) | 1992-09-28 | 1992-09-28 | Surface coated WC based cemented carbide cutting tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3161087B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996010658A1 (en) * | 1994-10-04 | 1996-04-11 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Coated hard alloy |
| US20090136305A1 (en) * | 2005-10-03 | 2009-05-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Boring tool and method of boring pilot hole |
| CN103372660A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-30 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Surface-coated cutting tool with flaking-poof hard coating layer |
-
1992
- 1992-09-28 JP JP28255592A patent/JP3161087B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996010658A1 (en) * | 1994-10-04 | 1996-04-11 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Coated hard alloy |
| US5871850A (en) * | 1994-10-04 | 1999-02-16 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Coated hard metal material |
| US6183846B1 (en) | 1994-10-04 | 2001-02-06 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Coated hard metal material |
| US20090136305A1 (en) * | 2005-10-03 | 2009-05-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Boring tool and method of boring pilot hole |
| US8272815B2 (en) * | 2005-10-03 | 2012-09-25 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Boring tool and method of boring pilot hole |
| CN103372660A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-30 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Surface-coated cutting tool with flaking-poof hard coating layer |
| JP2013223894A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-31 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Surface-coated cutting tool having hard coating layer exhibiting excellent chipping resistance in high speed milling cutting and high speed intermittent cutting |
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| JP3161087B2 (en) | 2001-04-25 |
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