JPH0585783A - Laminated glass structure - Google Patents
Laminated glass structureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0585783A JPH0585783A JP5677692A JP5677692A JPH0585783A JP H0585783 A JPH0585783 A JP H0585783A JP 5677692 A JP5677692 A JP 5677692A JP 5677692 A JP5677692 A JP 5677692A JP H0585783 A JPH0585783 A JP H0585783A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- laminated glass
- layer
- glass structure
- glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、積層ガラス構造、特に
合せガラス構造に関するものである。FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to laminated glass structures, and more particularly to laminated glass structures.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】合せガラスは、破壊時においてもガラス
片が飛散せず、しかも、衝撃力に対する耐貫通性が高い
ことから、いわゆる安全ガラスとして車両用窓や、サン
ルーフ、航空機用窓、船舶用窓、建築用窓などに広く用
いられている。2. Description of the Related Art Laminated glass is a so-called safety glass for vehicle windows, sunroofs, aircraft windows, and ships, because glass fragments do not scatter even when broken and have high resistance to penetration against impact forces. Widely used for windows and architectural windows.
【０００３】特に、合せガラスは、安全性確保の観点か
ら自動車用の風防ガラスに多く用いられており、この場
合、合せガラスに対し、同時に防曇機能や熱線反射機能
をも付与すべく、透明導電膜をその接合面の側に介在さ
せた構造のものも既に提供されている。In particular, laminated glass is often used for windshields for automobiles from the viewpoint of ensuring safety. In this case, the laminated glass is transparent in order to impart an antifogging function and a heat ray reflecting function to the laminated glass at the same time. A structure having a conductive film interposed on the side of the bonding surface has already been provided.
【０００４】この際の透明導電膜については、Ａｕ膜や
Ａｇ膜などの単層の金属膜、あるいはＩＴＯ膜やＳｎＯ
2 膜などの単層金属酸化物膜のほか、ＩＴＯ，ＴｉＯ
X ，ＳｎＯX ，ＺｎＯX などの金属酸化物からなる誘電
体膜間にＡｇ膜を挟み込ませた多層膜なども用いられて
いる。このうち、前記単層金属膜や単層金属酸化物膜に
ついては、その呈する色調や耐久性のほか、得られる抵
抗値などに問題があることなどもあって、通常、誘電体
としての金属酸化物膜間にＡｇ膜を挟み込ませた多層膜
が多く用いられている。The transparent conductive film used at this time is a single-layer metal film such as an Au film or an Ag film, or an ITO film or SnO film.
In addition to single-layer metal oxide films such as 2 films, ITO, TiO
A multilayer film in which an Ag film is sandwiched between dielectric films made of a metal oxide such as X , SnO x , and ZnO x is also used. Of these, the single-layer metal film and the single-layer metal oxide film are usually metal oxides as dielectrics because of problems such as the color tone and durability exhibited and the resistance value obtained. A multilayer film in which an Ag film is sandwiched between physical films is often used.
【０００５】図３は、防曇機能や熱線反射機能を付与す
べく、誘電体膜間にＡｇ膜を挟み込ませた多層膜により
透明導電膜を形成してなる合せガラスの従来構造の一例
を示すものである。FIG. 3 shows an example of a conventional structure of a laminated glass in which a transparent conductive film is formed by a multilayer film in which an Ag film is sandwiched between dielectric films in order to impart an antifogging function and a heat ray reflecting function. It is a thing.
【０００６】これによれば、上記合せガラスは、車外側
に位置するガラス板11と車内側に位置するガラス板12と
の間の接合面にポリビニルブチラール（以下ＰＶＢとい
う）からなるプラスチック中間膜13を配置させるととも
に、車外側のガラス板11と前記プラスチック中間膜13と
の間に誘電体としての誘電体膜15，17、例えばＺｎＯx
膜の間にＡｇ膜16を挟み込ませた３層膜からなる透明導
電膜14を介在させることで防曇機能や熱線反射機能の発
揮を可能にして形成されている。誘電体膜15，17は、Ａ
ｇ膜16との干渉効果により、可視光透過率を上げるため
に設けられているものである。According to this, in the laminated glass, the plastic interlayer film 13 made of polyvinyl butyral (hereinafter referred to as PVB) is formed on the joint surface between the glass plate 11 located outside the vehicle and the glass plate 12 located inside the vehicle. And the dielectric films 15 and 17 as a dielectric, for example ZnO x , between the glass plate 11 on the vehicle exterior side and the plastic intermediate film 13.
By interposing a transparent conductive film 14 consisting of a three-layer film in which an Ag film 16 is sandwiched between the films, it is possible to exhibit an anti-fog function and a heat ray reflection function. Dielectric films 15 and 17 are A
It is provided to increase the visible light transmittance due to the effect of interference with the g film 16.
【０００７】プラスチック中間膜13としては、ＰＶＢ
や、ＥＶＡ（エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体）、ウレタ
ン等が使用されるが、なかでも、ＰＶＢは強靭で、優れ
た耐貫通性を有し、また長期にわたり高耐久性を有し、
化学的かつ光学的に安定的であるため、特に安定性が要
求される車両用の合せガラスには最も多く使用されてい
る。この際、ＰＶＢに優れた耐貫通性を付与するため
に、所定量の水分を含有したＰＶＢ膜が用いられてい
る。As the plastic intermediate film 13, PVB is used.
In addition, EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), urethane, etc. are used. Among them, PVB is tough, has excellent penetration resistance, and has high durability for a long period of time.
Since it is chemically and optically stable, it is most often used for laminated glass for vehicles which is particularly required to have stability. At this time, a PVB film containing a predetermined amount of water is used in order to impart excellent penetration resistance to PVB.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、図３に示す
従来例としての積層ガラス構造によれば、その接合面に
透明導電膜14を介在させてあるので、この透明導電膜14
を通電加熱可能とすることで防曇機能を付与することが
できる。また、この透明導電膜14は、それ自体が熱線反
射機能を有しているので、冷房負荷を軽減するなど、省
エネルギー対策上有効に機能させることができる。By the way, according to the laminated glass structure as a conventional example shown in FIG. 3, since the transparent conductive film 14 is interposed on the bonding surface, the transparent conductive film 14 is formed.
The antifogging function can be imparted by making it possible to heat by energizing. Further, since the transparent conductive film 14 itself has a heat ray reflecting function, it can be effectively functioned in energy saving measures such as reducing a cooling load.
【０００９】しかし、金属酸化物からなる誘電体膜15，
17間にＡｇ膜16を挟み込ませた多層膜からなる透明導電
膜14を介在させて合せガラスを形成する場合、長時間経
過後、一部白濁してしまうことのあることが知見され
た。However, the dielectric film 15 made of metal oxide,
It has been found that when a laminated glass is formed by interposing a transparent conductive film 14 composed of a multilayer film in which an Ag film 16 is sandwiched between 17, a part of the laminated glass may become cloudy after a long time.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、かかる白濁が
中間膜と接している層に起因することを見出し、これに
対し中間膜と接する層として、Ｔｉ，Ｚｎ，Ｓｎ，Ｎ
ｉ，Ｚｒ，Ａｌ，Ｓｉ，Ｍｇ，Ｆｅのうち少なくとも１
種とＣｒとを含む酸化物を用いることにより、かかる白
濁を防ぐことができることを見出してなされたものであ
る。即ち本発明は、少なくとも１枚のガラス板と、該ガ
ラス板に接合されるプラスチック膜とを有し、該ガラス
板と該プラスチック膜との接合面に、単層または複数層
からなる機能膜を設けてなる積層ガラス構造であって、
該機能膜は該プラスチック膜と接する層としてＴｉ，Ｚ
ｎ，Ｓｎ，Ｎｉ，Ｚｒ，Ａｌ，Ｓｉ，Ｍｇ，Ｆｅのうち
少なくとも１種とＣｒとを含む酸化物を主成分とする調
整層を有することを特徴とする積層ガラス構造を提供す
るものである。The present invention has found that such white turbidity is caused by the layer in contact with the intermediate film, and as a layer in contact with the intermediate film, Ti, Zn, Sn, N
At least 1 of i, Zr, Al, Si, Mg, Fe
It was made by finding that such white turbidity can be prevented by using an oxide containing a seed and Cr. That is, the present invention has at least one glass plate and a plastic film bonded to the glass plate, and a functional film composed of a single layer or a plurality of layers is formed on the bonding surface between the glass plate and the plastic film. A laminated glass structure provided,
The functional film is made of Ti, Z as a layer in contact with the plastic film.
It is intended to provide a laminated glass structure having an adjusting layer containing an oxide containing at least one of n, Sn, Ni, Zr, Al, Si, Mg and Fe as a main component, and Cr. ..
【００１１】図１に本発明の積層ガラス構造の実施例の
断面図を示す。本発明は、ガラス板１とプラスチック膜
３との接合面に単層または複数層からなる機能膜４とを
有する積層ガラス構造であって、この機能膜４の前記プ
ラスチック膜３と接する層として、Ｔｉ，Ｚｎ，Ｓｎ，
Ｎｉ，Ｚｒ，Ａｌ，Ｓｉ，Ｍｇ，Ｆｅのうち少なくとも
１種とＣｒとを含む酸化物を主成分とする調整層８を用
いることにその構成上の特徴がある。FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of the laminated glass structure of the present invention. The present invention is a laminated glass structure having a single film or a functional film 4 composed of a plurality of layers on the joint surface between the glass plate 1 and the plastic film 3, and as the layer of the functional film 4 in contact with the plastic film 3, Ti, Zn, Sn,
The constitutional feature is that the adjustment layer 8 whose main component is an oxide containing at least one of Ni, Zr, Al, Si, Mg, and Fe and Cr is used.
【００１２】本発明の積層ガラス構造の自動車用合せガ
ラス構造への適用例でいえば、図１は、車外側のガラス
板１と車内側のガラス板２とを、中間膜であるプラスチ
ック膜３を介して接合した合せガラス構造であって、車
外側のガラス板１とプラスチック膜３との接合面に機能
膜４を形成した例である。As an example of application of the laminated glass structure of the present invention to a laminated glass structure for automobiles, FIG. 1 shows a glass plate 1 on the outside of a car and a glass plate 2 on the inside of a car, and a plastic film 3 as an intermediate film. In this example, the functional film 4 is formed on the joint surface between the glass plate 1 and the plastic film 3 on the outside of the vehicle, which has a laminated glass structure bonded via the.
【００１３】本発明における機能膜４としては、特定の
波長域の光を選択的に反射，遮断，透過する光学的機能
や、融雪，融氷，防曇等を目的とした通電加熱、電磁遮
蔽、あるいは電磁波受信，送信等のアンテナ機能等の電
気的機能、太陽電池等の光電変換機能、あるいは液晶や
エレクトロクロミック材料等による遮光等の光−電気複
合機能等各種機能を持つものが挙げられる。The functional film 4 in the present invention has an optical function of selectively reflecting, blocking, and transmitting light in a specific wavelength range, and electric heating for the purpose of snow melting, ice melting, anti-fogging, electromagnetic shielding. Other examples include those having various functions such as an electric function such as an antenna function for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves, a photoelectric conversion function such as a solar cell, and a light-electric combined function such as light shielding by a liquid crystal or an electrochromic material.
【００１４】図１には、かかる機能膜４として、Ａｇ,
Ａｕなどからなる金属膜６を、ＺｎＯ，ＳｎＯ2 ，ＩＴ
Ｏ等を主成分とする誘電体膜５，７でサンドイッチした
多層膜に、中間膜であるプラスチック膜３との接触面に
調整層８を積層して構成した機能膜の例を示した。かか
る機能膜は、Ａｇ, Ａｕ等の金属による熱線反射性能、
及びかかる金属による導電性能を有している。誘電体膜
５，７は、金属膜６との干渉効果により、機能膜全体の
透過率を上げるために設けられているものである。In FIG. 1, as the functional film 4, Ag,
The metal film 6 made of Au or the like is coated with ZnO, SnO 2 , IT
An example of the functional film is shown in which the adjusting layer 8 is laminated on the contact surface with the plastic film 3 which is the intermediate film in the multilayer film sandwiched by the dielectric films 5 and 7 containing O or the like as the main component. Such a functional film has a heat ray reflection performance by a metal such as Ag, Au,
And, it has a conductive property by such a metal. The dielectric films 5 and 7 are provided to increase the transmittance of the entire functional film due to the effect of interference with the metal film 6.
【００１５】ここで調整層８におけるＣｒの含有割合は
あまり少ないと長時間経過後、白濁が生じ易くなる傾向
があり、また、あまり多すぎるとプラスチック中間膜と
の接着力の経時変化が起こり易くなる傾向があるため、
層中の酸素以外の原子中のＣｒ原子の割合は６０原子％
以下、好ましくは１原子％以上、６０原子％以下、特に
好ましくは１０原子％以上、４０原子％以下とされる。If the content of Cr in the adjustment layer 8 is too small, white turbidity tends to occur after a long time, and if it is too large, the adhesive strength with the plastic interlayer tends to change with time. Tend to be
The ratio of Cr atoms in atoms other than oxygen in the layer is 60 atom%.
The content is preferably 1 at% or more and 60 at% or less, particularly preferably 10 at% or more and 40 at% or less.
【００１６】また、調整層８中のＣｒ以外の成分として
は、Ｔｉ，Ｚｎ，Ｓｎ，Ｎｉ，Ｚｒ，Ａｌ，Ｓｉ，Ｍ
ｇ，Ｆｅ等のうち少なくとも１種が挙げられる。かかる
合金酸化物膜をスパッタリング法で成膜する場合のスパ
ッタリング用ターゲットを作製する際、各々の金属の融
点が近いためにターゲットを作りやすいという点で、Ｔ
ｉＣｒx Ｏy ，ＮｉＣｒx Ｏy ，ＺｒＣｒx Ｏy 等の膜
が好ましい。なかでもＴｉＣｒx Ｏy は、白濁発生防止
及びプラスチック中間膜との接着力の経時変化防止の効
果が顕著であり最も好ましい。ＴｉＣｒx Ｏy において
も、層中の酸素以外の原子中のＣｒ原子の割合は、６０
原子％以下、好ましくは１原子％以上、６０原子％以
下、特に好ましくは１０原子％以上、４０原子％以下で
ある。The components other than Cr in the adjustment layer 8 include Ti, Zn, Sn, Ni, Zr, Al, Si and M.
At least one of g, Fe and the like can be mentioned. When producing a sputtering target in the case of forming such an alloy oxide film by a sputtering method, it is easy to produce the target because the melting points of the respective metals are close to each other.
Films of iCr x O y , NiCr x O y , ZrCr x O y, etc. are preferred. Among them, TiCr x O y is most preferable because it has a remarkable effect of preventing the occurrence of clouding and preventing the change with time of the adhesive force with the plastic intermediate film. Also in TiCr x O y , the ratio of Cr atoms in atoms other than oxygen in the layer is 60.
It is at most atomic percent, preferably at least 1 atomic percent and at most 60 atomic percent, and particularly preferably at least 10 atomic percent and at most 40 atomic percent.
【００１７】これらの調整層８の膜厚は１０Å以上が望
ましい。１０Å未満になると島状構造の膜となり、十分
に下層膜を覆うことができず下層膜の影響がでやすくな
るからである。また、５００Å超にしても、白濁防止や
接着力変化防止等の機能は変わらないため、５００Å以
下で十分である。The thickness of these adjusting layers 8 is preferably 10 Å or more. This is because if it is less than 10Å, a film having an island structure is formed, the lower layer film cannot be sufficiently covered, and the lower layer film is likely to be affected. Further, even if it exceeds 500 Å, functions such as clouding prevention and adhesive strength change prevention do not change, so 500 Å or less is sufficient.
【００１８】本発明の機能膜４としては、特に限定され
るものではないが、例えば以下のような例が挙げられ
る。The functional film 4 of the present invention is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include the following.
【００１９】図１は、金属膜を含む透明導電膜を有する
機能膜の一例として、上述のように、（ガラス／）誘電
体膜７／金属膜６／誘電体膜５／調整層８（／中間膜）
の構成の機能膜の例を示している。金属膜６に用いる金
属としてはＡｇ, Ａｕ, Ｐｄ, Ｃｕ, Ｐｔ等、やこれら
の合金、例えばＡｇ−Ｐｄ，Ａｇ−Ｃｕ合金など、ま
た、誘電体膜５，７に用いる誘電体としては、特に限定
されないが、ＺｎＯ、ＴｉＯ2 、ＳｎＯ2 、Ａｌ，Ｓ
ｉ，Ｔｉ，Ｍｇ，Ｓｎ，Ｂ等をドープしたＺｎＯ、Ｆや
Ｓｂ等をドープしたＳｎＯ2 、あるいはＩＴＯ（Ｓｎを
ドープしたＩｎ2 Ｏ3 ）等を用いることができる。FIG. 1 shows, as an example of a functional film having a transparent conductive film containing a metal film, as described above, (glass /) dielectric film 7 / metal film 6 / dielectric film 5 / adjustment layer 8 (/ (Interlayer film)
The example of the functional film of the structure of FIG. The metal used for the metal film 6 is Ag, Au, Pd, Cu, Pt, or the like, or alloys thereof, such as Ag-Pd or Ag-Cu alloy, and the dielectrics used for the dielectric films 5 and 7 are: Although not particularly limited, ZnO, TiO 2 , SnO 2 , Al, S
ZnO doped with i, Ti, Mg, Sn, B, etc., SnO 2 doped with F, Sb, etc., ITO (In 2 O 3 doped with Sn), or the like can be used.
【００２０】かかる構成の機能膜は、金属膜が導電性を
有するため、導電性プリント等からなるバスバー等の通
電加熱手段を設ければ、通電加熱ガラスとして用いるこ
とができる。また、かかる金属膜は透明導電膜であると
同時に熱線遮蔽性能をも有するので、通電加熱手段を設
けない場合には、熱線遮蔽ガラスとして用いることもで
きる。上述したように、金属６の両側の誘電体膜５，７
は、干渉を用いて透過率を向上させるために設けられて
いるものである。The functional film having such a structure can be used as an electrically heated glass by providing an electrically heating means such as a bus bar made of an electrically conductive print or the like because the metal film is electrically conductive. Further, since such a metal film is a transparent conductive film and has a heat ray shielding property at the same time, it can be used as a heat ray shielding glass when an electric heating means is not provided. As described above, the dielectric films 5 and 7 on both sides of the metal 6 are formed.
Is provided to improve the transmittance by using interference.
【００２１】図２は、本発明の積層ガラス構造の別の実
施例を示す縦断面図であり、機能膜４として太陽電池薄
膜を用いた場合の例である。この積層ガラス構造を自動
車用合せガラス構造に適用したケースで説明すると、す
なわち、車外側のガラス板１上に、ＳｉＯ2 , Ａｌ2 Ｏ
3 等からなるアルカリバリアー膜21, ＳｎＯ2 やＩＴＯ
等からなる第１透明電極22, ａ−Ｓｉ膜23, その上に裏
面電極（透明導電膜）26が順次形成されており、かかる
ガラス板１と車内側ガラス板２とが中間膜であるプラス
チック膜３を介在させて接合されるにあたり、調整層８
が介在形成されて、21〜26及び８からなる多層膜により
機能膜４が形成されている。FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the laminated glass structure of the present invention, which is an example in which a solar cell thin film is used as the functional film 4. The case where this laminated glass structure is applied to a laminated glass structure for an automobile will be described. That is, SiO 2 and Al 2 O are formed on the glass plate 1 on the outside of the vehicle.
Alkali barrier film 21 consisting of 3 etc., SnO 2 and ITO
And the like. A first transparent electrode 22, an a-Si film 23, and a back electrode (transparent conductive film) 26 are sequentially formed on the first transparent electrode 22, and the glass plate 1 and the glass plate 2 on the inside of the vehicle are intermediate films. The adjustment layer 8 is used for bonding with the film 3 interposed.
Is interposed, and the functional film 4 is formed of a multilayer film including 21 to 26 and 8.
【００２２】かかる裏面電極としての透明導電膜26は、
金属膜24, 他の膜25の２層または３層以上からなってい
てもよいし、金属膜24等からなる１層のみからなってい
てもよい。The transparent conductive film 26 as the back electrode is
It may be composed of two or more layers of the metal film 24 and the other film 25, or may be composed of only one layer composed of the metal film 24 and the like.
【００２３】かかる金属膜24は、Ａｇ, Ａｕ, Ｐｄ, Ａ
ｌ等からなる膜、またはこれらのうち２種以上の合金か
らなる膜であってもよい。また、他の膜25としては、Ｚ
ｎＯ, Ａｌ等をドープしたＺｎＯ, ＺｎＳ, ＴｉＯ2 ,
ＩＴＯ, ＳｎＯ2等の誘電体からなる膜や、Ｓｉ等の半
導体からなる膜等を用いることができる。The metal film 24 is made of Ag, Au, Pd, A
It may be a film made of 1 or the like, or a film made of an alloy of two or more of these. Further, as the other film 25, Z
ZnO, ZnS, TiO 2 , doped with nO, Al, etc.
A film made of a dielectric material such as ITO or SnO 2 or a film made of a semiconductor such as Si can be used.
【００２４】さらに、機能膜４の構成として、図１に示
した誘電体膜５を調整層で形成して、（ガラス／）誘電
体膜７／金属膜６／誘電体膜５（調整層）（／中間膜）
という構成としてもよい。例えば、（ガラス／）ＺｒＯ
／Ａｇ／ＴｉＣｒx Ｏy （／中間膜）のように構成して
もよい。ガラス１に接する誘電体膜７は必ずしも調整層
と同様の膜を用いる必要はない。Further, as the constitution of the functional film 4, the dielectric film 5 shown in FIG. 1 is formed by an adjusting layer, and (glass /) dielectric film 7 / metal film 6 / dielectric film 5 (adjusting layer) (/ Intermediate film)
It may be configured. For example, (glass /) ZrO
/ Ag / TiCr x O y may be configured as (/ interlayer). The dielectric film 7 in contact with the glass 1 does not necessarily have to be the same film as the adjustment layer.
【００２５】また、機能膜４の別の構成例として、吸収
膜の熱線遮断性能を利用するために、（ガラス／）吸収
膜／調整層８（／中間膜）や、（ガラス／）誘電体膜／
吸収膜／誘電体膜／調整層８（／中間膜）等の構成とす
ることができる。吸収膜としては、窒化物、硼化物、炭
化物あるいはこれらの混合物からなる膜等を用いること
ができる。また、誘電体膜は干渉を利用して可視域の透
過率を向上させるためのもので、図１の例で述べたもの
と同様のものを使用できる。Further, as another structural example of the functional film 4, in order to utilize the heat ray blocking performance of the absorption film, (glass /) absorption film / adjustment layer 8 (/ intermediate film) and (glass /) dielectric film/
It is possible to adopt a structure such as absorption film / dielectric film / adjustment layer 8 (/ intermediate film). As the absorption film, a film made of nitride, boride, carbide or a mixture thereof can be used. Further, the dielectric film is for improving the transmittance in the visible region by utilizing interference, and the same film as that described in the example of FIG. 1 can be used.
【００２６】具体例としては、（ガラス／）ＴｉＮ／Ｔ
ｉＣｒx Ｏy （／中間膜）や、（ガラス／）ＴｉＯ2 ／
ＴｉＮ／ＴｉＯ2 ／ＳｎＣｒx Ｏy （／中間膜）などが
挙げられる。調整層を形成しない場合には、吸収膜は酸
化により可視光透過率が上昇する（例えばＴｉＮが一部
ＴｉＯ2 となる）可能性がある。本構成によれば、かか
る吸収膜の酸化は防止される。As a specific example, (glass /) TiN / T
iCr x O y (/ intermediate film) or (glass /) TiO 2 /
Examples thereof include TiN / TiO 2 / SnCr x O y (/ intermediate film). If the adjustment layer is not formed, the visible light transmittance of the absorption film may increase due to oxidation (for example, TiN partially becomes TiO 2 ). According to this configuration, the absorption film is prevented from being oxidized.
【００２７】また、機能膜４の別の例として、金属膜を
含まない透明導電膜を用いて、（ガラス／）透明導電膜
／調整層８（／中間膜）や、（ガラス／）アルカリバリ
アー膜／透明導電膜／調整層８（／中間膜）等の構成も
可能である。透明導電膜としては、ＩＴＯ，ＦやＳｂを
ドープしたＳｎＯ2 ，Ａｌ，Ｓｉ，Ｂ等をドープしたＺ
ｎＯ等が挙げられる。アルカリバリアー膜としてはＳｉ
Ｏ2 ，Ａｌ2 Ｏ3 等が挙げられ、ガラス中のアルカリイ
オンが透明導電膜へ拡散して導電膜の抵抗増加を引き起
すのを防ぐためのものである。かかる透明導電膜を形成
した合せガラスは、電磁遮蔽ガラスあるいはガラスアン
テナとしても利用できる。As another example of the functional film 4, a transparent conductive film containing no metal film is used, and (glass /) transparent conductive film / adjustment layer 8 (/ intermediate film) or (glass /) alkali barrier is used. A configuration of film / transparent conductive film / adjustment layer 8 (/ intermediate film) and the like is also possible. As the transparent conductive film, SnO 2 doped with ITO, F or Sb, Z doped with Al, Si, B or the like is used.
nO etc. are mentioned. Si as an alkali barrier film
O 2 , Al 2 O 3 and the like can be mentioned, and they are for preventing alkali ions in the glass from diffusing into the transparent conductive film and causing an increase in resistance of the conductive film. The laminated glass on which such a transparent conductive film is formed can also be used as an electromagnetic shielding glass or a glass antenna.
【００２８】上述の各膜構成において、各膜間、あるい
は膜とガラスの間等に、接着性向上、光学性能調節等の
目的で他の膜を介在させても良いことは言うまでもな
い。上述の機能膜４の成膜法としては、スプレー法や、
真空蒸着法、ＤＣスパッタリング法、ＣＶＤ法等の手法
を用いることができるが、生産性や膜性能等を考慮する
ならば、ＤＣスパッタリング法により成膜するのが好ま
しい。It goes without saying that, in the above-mentioned respective film constitutions, other films may be interposed between the respective films or between the films and the glass or the like for the purpose of improving adhesiveness, adjusting optical performance and the like. The functional film 4 may be formed by a spray method,
Techniques such as a vacuum vapor deposition method, a DC sputtering method, and a CVD method can be used, but in view of productivity and film performance, it is preferable to form the film by the DC sputtering method.
【００２９】このような機能膜を有する曲面形状の合せ
ガラスを作製する際には、膜を形成する前に予め所望す
る形状にガラス板を成形しておく方法のほか、予め膜を
形成しておき、しかる後にガラス板を所望形状に成形す
る方法等により行うこともできる。When manufacturing a curved laminated glass having such a functional film, in addition to the method of forming a glass plate into a desired shape in advance before forming the film, the film is formed in advance. After that, the glass plate may be formed into a desired shape, or the like.
【００３０】本発明においてガラス板１，２としては、
特に限定されるものではなく、ソーダライムシリケート
ガラス板、アルミノシリケートガラス板、硼珪酸ガラス
板、リチウムアルミノシリケートガラス板等が使用でき
る。中でも安価に入手しやすいソーダライムシリケート
ガラス板が好ましい。また、ニッケル、クロム、コバル
ト、鉄、セレン等を添加した熱線吸収ガラス板等も使用
できる。In the present invention, the glass plates 1 and 2 are:
It is not particularly limited, and soda lime silicate glass plate, aluminosilicate glass plate, borosilicate glass plate, lithium aluminosilicate glass plate and the like can be used. Of these, soda lime silicate glass plate that is easily available at low cost is preferable. Further, a heat ray absorbing glass plate added with nickel, chromium, cobalt, iron, selenium or the like can also be used.
【００３１】ガラス板１，２を接合する際に用いられる
プラスチック膜３としては、ＰＶＢや、ＥＶＡ、ウレタ
ン等を用いることができるが、自動車用の合せガラスを
形成する場合には、耐貫通性及び耐久性の良好なＰＶＢ
を用いるのが好ましい。As the plastic film 3 used for joining the glass plates 1 and 2, PVB, EVA, urethane or the like can be used, but in the case of forming laminated glass for automobiles, the penetration resistance is And PVB with good durability
Is preferably used.
【００３２】なお、以上、ガラス板を二枚で構成した場
合の合せガラスを例に説明してあるが、必要により、ガ
ラス板を三枚以上の構成とした合せガラスに本発明を適
用することもできる。自動車用に使用する場合、機能膜
４は、最外側である車外側に位置するガラス板の中間膜
との接合面に形成しておくのが好ましい。In the above description, a laminated glass having two glass plates has been described as an example. However, if necessary, the present invention may be applied to a laminated glass having three or more glass plates. You can also When used for automobiles, it is preferable that the functional film 4 be formed on the surface of the glass plate located on the outermost side of the vehicle, which is to be joined to the intermediate film.
【００３３】以上、本発明の積層ガラス構造の一例とし
て合せガラスについて述べたが、本発明の積層ガラス構
造は、ガラス板とプラスチック膜からなる２層タイプの
積層ガラス構造にも適用できる。即ち、ガラス／機能膜
／プラスチック膜の構成であって、機能膜がプラスチッ
ク膜と接する層として上記調整層を有する積層ガラス構
造にも適用できる。The laminated glass has been described above as an example of the laminated glass structure of the present invention, but the laminated glass structure of the present invention can also be applied to a two-layer type laminated glass structure including a glass plate and a plastic film. That is, it can be applied to a laminated glass structure having a glass / functional film / plastic film structure having the adjusting layer as a layer in which the functional film contacts the plastic film.
【００３４】かかるプラスチック膜は、上記プラスチッ
ク中間膜３と同様の材質からなる一枚のプラスチック膜
あってもよいし、多層からなっていてもよい。例えば、
（ガラス／機能膜／）エネルギー吸収層／自己修復性層
のように２層からなっていてもよい。かかるエネルギー
吸収層や自己修復性層は、例えば、各種のウレタンから
なっていても良い。かかるエネルギー吸収層は、事故等
におけるショックを吸収するとともに、良好な耐貫通性
を付与するために用いられる。また、上記自己修復性層
の代わりにポリエチレンテレフタレート膜やナイロン膜
等のプラスチック膜を用いてもよい。The plastic film may be a single plastic film made of the same material as the plastic intermediate film 3 or may be composed of multiple layers. For example,
It may be composed of two layers such as (glass / functional film /) energy absorbing layer / self-healing layer. The energy absorbing layer and the self-repairing layer may be made of various urethanes, for example. Such an energy absorbing layer is used to absorb a shock in an accident or the like and to impart good penetration resistance. A plastic film such as a polyethylene terephthalate film or a nylon film may be used instead of the self-repairing layer.
【００３５】[0035]
【作用】従来の熱線反射ガラスは誘電体／金属／誘電体
を順に積層したもので、誘電体としてはＺｎＯ, ＩＴ
Ｏ, ＳｎＯ2 、金属としてはＡｇを用いていた。しかし
これらの膜は紫外線照射と耐湿の複合環境テストを行う
と合せガラスの周辺より白濁が生じてしまう。ところが
プラスチック膜と接する膜をＣｒＯ膜とすることによ
り、周辺白濁が軽減されることがわかった。しかしＣｒ
Ｏ膜とすると、中間膜との接着力が長時間経過後増加す
る傾向があり、積層ガラスとしてはさらなる信頼性向上
が必要であると考えられる。[Function] The conventional heat-reflecting glass is a laminate of dielectric / metal / dielectric in order. As the dielectric, ZnO, IT
O, SnO 2 , and Ag were used as the metal. However, when these films are subjected to a combined environment test of ultraviolet irradiation and moisture resistance, they become clouded from the periphery of the laminated glass. However, it was found that when the film in contact with the plastic film was a CrO film, peripheral clouding was reduced. But Cr
When the O film is used, the adhesive force with the intermediate film tends to increase after a long time, and it is considered that the laminated glass requires further improvement in reliability.
【００３６】そこで、本発明においては、プラスチック
膜と接する層として、Ｔｉ，Ｚｎ，Ｓｎ，Ｎｉ，Ｚｒ，
Ａｌ，Ｓｉ，Ｍｇ，Ｆｅのうち少なくとも１種とＣｒと
を含む酸化物を主成分とする層を採用した。かかるＴｉ
等とＣｒを含む酸化物膜は、周辺白濁防止効果を持ちつ
つ、プラスチック膜との接着力の経時変化がほとんどな
く、長期間にわたり高信頼性を有するものである。これ
は長時間経過後接着力が若干低下傾向にあるＴｉＯ2 ，
ＺｎＯ，ＳｎＯ2，ＮｉＯ，ＺｒＯ2 ，Ａｌ2Ｏ3 ，Ｓｉ
Ｏ2 ，ＭｇＯ，Ｆｅ2 Ｏ3 等と若干増加傾向にあるＣｒ
Ｏとが混ざり合い、各々が有する影響が打ち消し合い、
接着力の経時変化がほとんどなくなったものと考えられ
る。Therefore, in the present invention, as the layer in contact with the plastic film, Ti, Zn, Sn, Ni, Zr,
A layer whose main component is an oxide containing at least one of Al, Si, Mg, and Fe and Cr is adopted. Such Ti
The oxide film containing Cr, etc. and Cr has an effect of preventing turbidity in the periphery, has almost no change over time in the adhesive force with the plastic film, and has high reliability for a long period of time. This is because TiO 2 , whose adhesive strength tends to decrease slightly after a long time,
ZnO, SnO 2, NiO, ZrO 2, Al 2 O 3, Si
Cr slightly increasing with O 2 , MgO, Fe 2 O 3, etc.
O is mixed with each other, the influences of each cancel out,
It is considered that the change in adhesive strength with time has almost disappeared.
【００３７】本発明は、このようにして構成されている
ので、プラスチック膜３と接する面に形成された調整層
８の作用により、長期間の高信頼性を有すると同時に、
機能膜中に酸化によって白濁するような材料、例えばＡ
ｇ等の金属が含まれている場合においては、かかる白濁
発生を効果的に抑制することができる。また、機能膜中
に、吸収膜など、酸化によって透過率が上昇してしまう
ような材料が含まれている場合においては、本発明によ
れば、かかる透過率上昇を防止できる。以下本発明の実
施例を説明する。Since the present invention is constituted in this manner, it has long-term high reliability due to the action of the adjusting layer 8 formed on the surface in contact with the plastic film 3.
A material that becomes cloudy due to oxidation in the functional film, such as A
When a metal such as g is contained, the occurrence of such white turbidity can be effectively suppressed. Further, in the case where the functional film contains a material such as an absorption film whose transmittance is increased by oxidation, the present invention can prevent such an increase in transmittance. Examples of the present invention will be described below.
【００３８】[0038]
［例１〜８］ガラス板上に各種機能膜をスパッタリング
法によって形成し、ＰＶＢを介してもう一枚のガラス板
と接合して合せガラス化した。かかる各種合せガラスに
５０℃。９５％ＲＨ雰囲気中でＵＶ光を２００時間照射
した後の外観及び接着力変化を表１及び表２に示す。な
お、例１〜４は実施例、例５〜８は比較例である。表中
の数字は膜厚（Å）を示す。（ ）内は、ＰＶＢと接す
る層における金属の割合を原子比で示したものである。[Examples 1 to 8] Various functional films were formed on a glass plate by a sputtering method and bonded to another glass plate via PVB to form a laminated glass. 50 ° C for each of these laminated glasses. Tables 1 and 2 show the appearance and changes in adhesive strength after irradiation with UV light for 200 hours in a 95% RH atmosphere. In addition, Examples 1-4 are Examples and Examples 5-8 are Comparative Examples. The numbers in the table indicate the film thickness (Å). In the parentheses, the proportion of metal in the layer in contact with PVB is shown by atomic ratio.
【００３９】[0039]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００４０】[0040]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００４１】［例９〜１３］ガラス板上にＺｎＯ／Ａｇ
／ＺｎＯ／ＴｉＣｒＯx 膜を順次スパッタリング法によ
って形成し、ＰＶＢを介してもう一枚のガラスと接合し
て図１のような合せガラスを形成した。ＰＶＢに接する
膜ＴｉＣｒＯx はＴｉＣｒ合金ターゲットを用い、酸素
雰囲気中で反応性スパッタにより成膜した。ＴｉＣｒ合
金ターゲットのＣｒ含有量を変えたときの５０℃、９５
％ＲＨ中、ＵＶ光を２００時間照射した後の外観及び接
着力変化を表３及び表４に示す。なお、例１０〜１５は
実施例、例９及び例１６は比較例である。表中の数字は
膜厚（Å）を示す。（ ）内は、ＰＶＢと接する層にお
ける金属の割合を原子比で示したものである。[Examples 9 to 13] ZnO / Ag on a glass plate
/ ZnO / TiCrO x films were sequentially formed by a sputtering method and bonded to another glass via PVB to form a laminated glass as shown in FIG. The film TiCrO x in contact with PVB was formed by reactive sputtering in an oxygen atmosphere using a TiCr alloy target. 50 ° C, 95 when changing the Cr content of the TiCr alloy target
Tables 3 and 4 show the appearance and changes in adhesive strength after irradiation with UV light for 200 hours in% RH. In addition, Examples 10 to 15 are Examples, and Examples 9 and 16 are Comparative Examples. The numbers in the table indicate the film thickness (Å). In the parentheses, the proportion of metal in the layer in contact with PVB is shown by atomic ratio.
【００４２】[0042]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００４３】[0043]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００４４】[0044]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、機能膜の構成要素とし
て酸化により白濁する金属や透過率が上昇する吸収膜等
が含まれている場合であっても、かかる白濁や透過率上
昇を防止することができ、長期にわたり変化がなく安定
な積層ガラスを提供できる。したがって、従来周辺白濁
防止のため、機能膜の周辺部をトリミングしていたが、
かかるトリミングの必要がなくなり、この工程の省略に
より生産性が飛躍的に向上するという大きなメリットを
有する。According to the present invention, even when a metal that becomes cloudy due to oxidation or an absorption film that increases in transmittance is included as a constituent element of the functional film, such clouding and increase in transmittance are prevented. It is possible to provide a laminated glass that does not change and is stable over a long period of time. Therefore, the peripheral part of the functional film was conventionally trimmed to prevent clouding around the periphery.
There is a great advantage that the trimming is not necessary and the productivity is dramatically improved by omitting this step.
【００４５】また、本発明の積層ガラス構造は、長期に
わたり接着力も変化がなく、長期的信頼性も高い。本発
明は、所望の機能を有する機能膜を形成した、長期信頼
性に優れた積層ガラスを実現することができ、建築用の
みならず、特に信頼性の要求される車両用の用途に好適
に使用できる。Further, the laminated glass structure of the present invention does not change the adhesive force over a long period of time and has a high long-term reliability. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can realize a laminated glass having a functional film having a desired function and excellent long-term reliability, and is suitable not only for construction but also for applications for vehicles where reliability is particularly required. Can be used.
【図１】本発明に係る積層ガラス構造の実施例を示す縦
断面図。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of a laminated glass structure according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明に係る積層ガラス構造の別の実施例を示
す縦断面図。FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the laminated glass structure according to the present invention.
【図３】合せガラスの積層構造の従来例を示す縦断面
図。FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a conventional example of a laminated structure of laminated glass.
１ ガラス板 ２ ガラス板 ３ プラスチック膜 ４ 機能膜 ５ 誘電体膜 ６ 金属膜 ７ 誘電体膜 ８ 調整層 1 glass plate 2 glass plate 3 plastic film 4 functional film 5 dielectric film 6 metal film 7 dielectric film 8 adjustment layer
Claims (9)
に接合されるプラスチック膜とを有し、該ガラス板と該
プラスチック膜との接合面に、単層または複数層からな
る機能膜を設けてなる積層ガラス構造であって、該機能
膜は該プラスチック膜と接する層として、Ｔｉ，Ｚｎ，
Ｓｎ，Ｎｉ，Ｚｒ，Ａｌ，Ｓｉ，Ｍｇ，Ｆｅのうち少な
くとも１種とＣｒとを含む酸化物を主成分とする調整層
を有することを特徴とする積層ガラス構造。1. A functional film comprising a single layer or a plurality of layers, comprising at least one glass plate and a plastic film bonded to the glass plate, and a bonding film between the glass plate and the plastic film having a single layer or a plurality of layers. In the laminated glass structure provided, the functional film is made of Ti, Zn,
A laminated glass structure having an adjusting layer containing an oxide containing at least one of Sn, Ni, Zr, Al, Si, Mg and Fe and Cr as a main component.
Ｃｒ原子の割合が６０原子％以下であることを特徴とす
る請求項１の積層ガラス構造。2. The laminated glass structure according to claim 1, wherein in the adjustment layer, the proportion of Cr atoms in atoms other than oxygen is 60 atom% or less.
Ｃｒ原子の割合が１０原子％以上、４０原子％以下であ
ることを特徴とする請求項２の積層ガラス構造。3. The laminated glass structure according to claim 2, wherein in the adjustment layer, the proportion of Cr atoms in atoms other than oxygen is 10 atom% or more and 40 atom% or less.
る請求項１〜３いずれか１項の積層ガラス構造。4. The laminated glass structure according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment layer contains Ti.
ることを特徴とする請求項１〜４いずれか１項の積層ガ
ラス構造。5. The laminated glass structure according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting layer has a thickness of 10 to 500 Å.
と、前記プラスチック膜と接する層として調整層とを有
することを特徴とする請求項１〜５いずれか１項の積層
ガラス構造。6. The laminated glass structure according to claim 1, wherein the functional film has a transparent conductive film containing a metal film and an adjustment layer as a layer in contact with the plastic film.
と、前記プラスチック膜と接する層として調整層とを有
することを特徴とする請求項１〜５いずれか１項の積層
ガラス構造。7. The laminated glass structure according to claim 1, wherein the functional film has a heat ray shielding film containing a metal film and an adjusting layer as a layer in contact with the plastic film.
膜の順に積層された多層膜を有することを特徴とする請
求項６または７の積層ガラス構造。8. The laminated glass structure according to claim 6, wherein the functional film has a multilayer film in which a dielectric film / a metal film / a dielectric film are laminated in this order.
ル膜であることを特徴とする請求項１〜８いずれか１項
の積層ガラス構造。9. The laminated glass structure according to claim 1, wherein the plastic film is a polyvinyl butyral film.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05677692A JP3226953B2 (en) | 1991-02-14 | 1992-02-07 | Laminated glass structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3-40857 | 1991-02-14 | ||
| JP4085791 | 1991-02-14 | ||
| JP05677692A JP3226953B2 (en) | 1991-02-14 | 1992-02-07 | Laminated glass structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0585783A true JPH0585783A (en) | 1993-04-06 |
| JP3226953B2 JP3226953B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 |
Family
ID=26380373
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05677692A Expired - Fee Related JP3226953B2 (en) | 1991-02-14 | 1992-02-07 | Laminated glass structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3226953B2 (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0733931A2 (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1996-09-25 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Multilayered conductive film, and transparent electrode substrate and liquid crystal device using the same |
| WO1998013850A1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1998-04-02 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Plasma display protective plate and its manufacturing method |
| US6818819B2 (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2004-11-16 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Solar cell module |
| EP1482572A1 (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-01 | Sony Corporation | Method of manufacturing a laminated structure, laminated structure, display device and display unit with laminated structure |
| KR20090068235A (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2009-06-25 | 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 | Substrate for an organic light-emitting device, use and process for manufacturing this substrate, and organic light-emitting device |
| US7820295B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2010-10-26 | Hyundai Motor Company | Fluorine-doped tin oxide transparent conductive film glass and method of fabricating the same |
| CN104932582A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2015-09-23 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | Control method for preventing glass from condensation and frosting |
| WO2017135441A1 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-10 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Interlayer for laminated glass, and laminated glass |
| JP2020117437A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2020-08-06 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランス | Thin laminated glass |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1298024C (en) * | 2004-04-12 | 2007-01-31 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | Wafer self rotary device of strong stream oxygen ion injector |
-
1992
- 1992-02-07 JP JP05677692A patent/JP3226953B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0733931A3 (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1997-08-13 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Multilayered conductive film, and transparent electrode substrate and liquid crystal device using the same |
| EP0733931A2 (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1996-09-25 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Multilayered conductive film, and transparent electrode substrate and liquid crystal device using the same |
| US8048531B2 (en) | 1996-09-26 | 2011-11-01 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Protective plate for a plasma display and a method for producing the same |
| WO1998013850A1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1998-04-02 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Plasma display protective plate and its manufacturing method |
| US6452331B1 (en) | 1996-09-26 | 2002-09-17 | Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. | Protective plate for a plasma display and a method for producing the same |
| US7087308B2 (en) | 1996-09-26 | 2006-08-08 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Protective plate for a plasma display and a method for producing the same |
| US7264881B2 (en) | 1996-09-26 | 2007-09-04 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Protective plate for a plasma display and a method for producing the same |
| US6818819B2 (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2004-11-16 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Solar cell module |
| EP1482572A1 (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-01 | Sony Corporation | Method of manufacturing a laminated structure, laminated structure, display device and display unit with laminated structure |
| KR20090068235A (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2009-06-25 | 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 | Substrate for an organic light-emitting device, use and process for manufacturing this substrate, and organic light-emitting device |
| US7820295B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2010-10-26 | Hyundai Motor Company | Fluorine-doped tin oxide transparent conductive film glass and method of fabricating the same |
| JP2020117437A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2020-08-06 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランス | Thin laminated glass |
| CN104932582A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2015-09-23 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | Control method for preventing glass from condensation and frosting |
| CN104932582B (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2017-03-15 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | A kind of control method for preventing glass condensation frosting |
| WO2017135441A1 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-10 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Interlayer for laminated glass, and laminated glass |
| CN108473372A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2018-08-31 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | Intermediate film for laminated glasses and laminated glass |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3226953B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5346770A (en) | Laminated glass structure | |
| US5264286A (en) | Laminated glass structure | |
| CN107787275B (en) | Laminated glazing | |
| EP1923365B1 (en) | Laminated glass for vehicle window | |
| EP1824676B1 (en) | Solar control glazing | |
| JP4385460B2 (en) | Glass laminate and method for producing the same | |
| US20100221461A1 (en) | Vehicle glazing | |
| PL193645B1 (en) | Laminated vitreous material reflecting solar and thermal radiation | |
| CZ20012220A3 (en) | Glazing pane and process for preparing thereof | |
| CN113728256A (en) | Head-up display coating with low visible light reflectivity | |
| GB2403731A (en) | Solar control glazing | |
| JP3226953B2 (en) | Laminated glass structure | |
| JP4359980B2 (en) | Glass laminate and method for producing the same | |
| EP0386341B1 (en) | Laminated glass structure | |
| CN107771167B (en) | Laminated glazing for solar control | |
| JP2855199B2 (en) | Automotive window glass | |
| CN114043787B (en) | Low-radiation composite glass and skylight | |
| JPH04310550A (en) | Laminated glass structure | |
| JPH0818855B2 (en) | Laminate | |
| KR960004373B1 (en) | Laminated glass structure | |
| JPH0375247A (en) | Laminated glass structure | |
| SK8342001A3 (en) | Glazing panel | |
| CN117164249A (en) | Coated glass, preparation method thereof and laminated glass | |
| JPH0519497B2 (en) | ||
| JPH02175633A (en) | Antifogging glass for automobile and production thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20070831 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Year of fee payment: 7 Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080831 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Year of fee payment: 7 Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080831 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090831 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090831 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100831 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100831 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Year of fee payment: 10 Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110831 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |