JPH0576869A - Filter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a filter equipped with hollow yarn membranes having high filtering capacity, hard to generate clogging and having long life. CONSTITUTION:A hollow yarn membrane 12 being the filter medium of a filter is formed into a double structure consisting of an outside membrane 15 and an inside membrane 16 and, the pore size of the filtering pores of the inside membrane 16 is made larger than that of the filtering pores 17 of the outside membrane 15. Therefore, impurity in raw water is adsorbed and removed by the outside membrane 15 at first and subsequently adsorbed and removed by the inside membrane 16 and the membrane area of the hollow yarn membrane 12 is substantially redoubled to make it possible to increase the removing capacity of impurity to a large extent and, in its turn, a small-sized compact filter is obtained.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は水道水等の原水を濾過す
る濾過器に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a filter for filtering raw water such as tap water.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】近年、水道水などの原水の水質が次第に
悪化していることから、家庭やオフィス等において、原
水を浄化するための濾過器が急速に普及している。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the quality of raw water such as tap water is gradually deteriorating, so that filters for purifying raw water are rapidly spreading in homes and offices.

【０００３】図５、図６は、従来の濾過器を示すもので
あって、図中、３１は水道蛇口などの原水供給部２１と
濾過器本体３２とを接続する接続継手であり、ナット３
３によって濾過器本体３２を原水供給部２１に固定して
いる。濾過器本体３２の内部には、通水路を形成するハ
ウジング３４、このハウジング３４内の通水路を原水モ
ード、浄水モードなどのモードに切換えるための切換弁
棒３５が配設されている。この切換弁棒３５の周面に
は、水漏れを防止するためのパッキン３６Ａ、３６Ｂが
装着されている。３７は切換弁棒３５の操作レバーであ
り、このレバー３７を回転させることにより、浄水、原
水等のモードの切換えが行われる。FIGS. 5 and 6 show a conventional filter, in which 31 is a connection joint for connecting a raw water supply unit 21 such as a water tap and a filter body 32, and a nut 3
The filter body 32 is fixed to the raw water supply part 21 by means of 3. Inside the filter body 32, a housing 34 forming a water passage and a switching valve rod 35 for switching the water passage in the housing 34 to a mode such as a raw water mode or a water purification mode are arranged. Packings 36A and 36B for preventing water leakage are attached to the peripheral surface of the switching valve rod 35. Reference numeral 37 denotes an operation lever of the switching valve rod 35, and by rotating the lever 37, the mode of purified water, raw water, etc. is switched.

【０００４】３８は通水路の途中に設けられた逆止弁で
あって、スプリング３９によって弁座側に押圧されてお
り、順方向へは水圧によって通水路を開くが、逆方向に
はスプリング３９のバネ圧によって通水路を閉鎖し、逆
流を阻止する。４０はカートリッジケースであって、そ
の内部には濾材である粒状活性炭４１と、中空糸膜４２
が収納されており、粒状活性炭４１は、フィルター板４
３Ａ、４３Ｂにて仕切られている。４４はカートリッジ
ケース４０の下流側に設けられた濾過水流出口である。
従来の濾過器は上記のような構成より成り、次に浄水モ
ードの動作を説明する。Reference numeral 38 denotes a check valve provided in the middle of the water passage, which is pressed to the valve seat side by a spring 39 and opens the water passage in the forward direction by water pressure, but in the reverse direction the spring 39. The water pressure is closed by the spring pressure, and backflow is blocked. Reference numeral 40 denotes a cartridge case, inside of which a granular activated carbon 41 as a filter medium and a hollow fiber membrane 42 are provided.
The granular activated carbon 41 is stored in the filter plate 4
It is partitioned by 3A and 43B. Reference numeral 44 is a filtered water outlet provided on the downstream side of the cartridge case 40.
The conventional filter is constructed as described above, and the operation in the water purification mode will be described below.

【０００５】接続継手３１からハウジング３４内に流入
した原水は、水圧により逆止弁３８を開き、カートリッ
ジ４０の粒状活性炭４１に流入する。原水中の残留塩素
や鉄錆等の比較的大きい不純物は粒状活性炭４１に吸着
除去される。次いで原水は中空糸膜４２に流入し、細菌
類等の微細な不純物は、この中空糸膜４２で除去され、
濾過された浄水が濾過水流出口４４より吐出される。Raw water flowing from the connection joint 31 into the housing 34 opens the check valve 38 by water pressure and flows into the granular activated carbon 41 of the cartridge 40. Relatively large impurities such as residual chlorine and iron rust in the raw water are adsorbed and removed by the granular activated carbon 41. Next, the raw water flows into the hollow fiber membrane 42, and fine impurities such as bacteria are removed by the hollow fiber membrane 42,
The filtered purified water is discharged from the filtered water outlet 44.

【０００６】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】一般に水道水などの原
水に含まれる不純物の大きさは様々であるが、上記中空
糸膜４２の濾過孔の孔径は、一般に０．０１〜０．１μ
ｍ程度であってきわめて微細である。このため一般に、
中空糸膜４２は粒状活性炭４１よりも早く目詰まりし、
その交換頻度も高いものであった。殊に近年は、水道水
中の不純物沈殿のために凝集剤が大量に投入されること
が多いことから、中空糸膜４２は短期間で目詰まりし、
その寿命は短いものであった。Generally, the size of impurities contained in raw water such as tap water varies, but the pore size of the filtration holes of the hollow fiber membrane 42 is generally 0.01 to 0.1 μm.
It is about m and extremely fine. Therefore, in general,
The hollow fiber membrane 42 is clogged earlier than the granular activated carbon 41,
The replacement frequency was also high. In particular, in recent years, a large amount of coagulant is often added to precipitate impurities in tap water, so that the hollow fiber membrane 42 is clogged in a short period of time,
Its life was short.

【０００７】そこで本発明は中空糸膜の早期目詰まりを
防止できる濾過器を提供することを目的とする。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a filter capable of preventing early clogging of the hollow fiber membrane.

【０００８】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】このために本発明は、中
空糸膜を外側膜と内側膜とを有する２重膜にし、内側膜
の濾過孔の孔径を、外側膜の濾過孔の孔径よりも小さく
したものである。To this end, the present invention uses a hollow fiber membrane as a double membrane having an outer membrane and an inner membrane, and the pore size of the inner membrane is smaller than that of the outer membrane. Is also a small one.

【０００９】[0009]

【作用】上記構成によれば、微小な不純物は外側膜に除
去される。また外側膜の濾過孔を通過したより微細な不
純物は内側膜に除去される。従って外側膜と内側膜に吸
着される不純物の絶対量は著しく減少し、早期目詰まり
を解消して、中空糸膜の寿命を長くできる。According to the above structure, minute impurities are removed by the outer film. Further, finer impurities that have passed through the filtration holes of the outer membrane are removed by the inner membrane. Therefore, the absolute amount of impurities adsorbed on the outer membrane and the inner membrane is significantly reduced, premature clogging is eliminated, and the life of the hollow fiber membrane can be extended.

【００１０】[0010]

【実施例】次に、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施例を
説明する。図１は濾過器の横断図面、図２は同縦断図面
である。図において、１は水道蛇口などの原水供給部２
１と濾過器本体２とを接続する原水流入部としての接続
継手であり、ナット３によって濾過器本体２を原水供給
部２１に固定している。濾過器本体２の内部には、通水
路を形成するハウジング４、このハウジング４内の通水
路を原水モード、浄水モードなどの様々なモードに切換
えるための切換弁棒５が配設されている。この切換弁棒
５の周面には、通水路からの水漏れを防止するためのパ
ッキン６Ａ、６Ｂが装着されている。７は切換弁棒５の
操作レバーであり、このレバー７を回転操作することに
より、浄水、原水等のモードの切換えが行われる。Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the filter, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same. In the figure, 1 is a raw water supply unit 2 such as a tap.
1 is a connection joint as a raw water inflow portion connecting the filter body 1 and the filter body 2, and the filter body 2 is fixed to the raw water supply portion 21 by a nut 3. Inside the filter body 2, a housing 4 forming a water passage, and a switching valve rod 5 for switching the water passage in the housing 4 to various modes such as a raw water mode and a water purification mode are arranged. On the peripheral surface of the switching valve rod 5, packings 6A and 6B for preventing water leakage from the water passage are attached. Reference numeral 7 denotes an operation lever of the switching valve rod 5, and by rotating this lever 7, modes such as purified water and raw water are switched.

【００１１】８は逆止弁であってスプリング９によって
弁座側に押圧されており、順方向へは水圧によって通水
路を開くが、逆方向には上記スプリング９のバネ圧によ
って通水路を閉鎖し、逆流を阻止する。A check valve 8 is pressed toward the valve seat side by a spring 9 and opens a water passage in the forward direction by water pressure, but closes the water passage in the reverse direction by the spring pressure of the spring 9. And prevent backflow.

【００１２】１０はカートリッジケースで、その内部に
は濾材である粒状活性炭１１と、中空糸膜１２が収納さ
れている。この粒状活性炭１１はフィルター板１３Ａ、
１３Ｂにて仕切られている。１４は中空糸膜１２の下流
側に開口された濾過水流出口である。Reference numeral 10 is a cartridge case in which a granular activated carbon 11 as a filter medium and a hollow fiber membrane 12 are housed. The granular activated carbon 11 is a filter plate 13A,
It is separated by 13B. Reference numeral 14 is a filtered water outlet opened on the downstream side of the hollow fiber membrane 12.

【００１３】図３及び図４はそれぞれ中空糸膜１２の拡
大縦断面、及び横断面である。１５は中空糸膜１２の外
側膜、１６は内側膜であり、それぞれ微細な濾過孔１
７、１８が開孔されているが、内側膜１６の濾過孔１８
の孔径は、外側膜１５の濾過孔１７の孔径よりも小さく
してある。このように中空糸膜１２を２重膜とすること
により、中空糸膜１２の膜面積を倍増している。3 and 4 are an enlarged vertical section and a horizontal section of the hollow fiber membrane 12, respectively. Reference numeral 15 is an outer membrane of the hollow fiber membrane 12, and 16 is an inner membrane, each of which has a fine filtration hole 1
7 and 18 are opened, but the filtration hole 18 of the inner membrane 16
The hole diameter of is smaller than that of the filtration hole 17 of the outer membrane 15. By thus forming the hollow fiber membrane 12 as a double membrane, the membrane area of the hollow fiber membrane 12 is doubled.

【００１４】この濾過器は上記のような構成より成り、
次に浄水モードの動作を説明する。接続継手１からハウ
ジング４内に流水した原水は、水圧によって逆止弁８を
開き、カートリッジ１０の粒状活性炭１１内に流入し
て、残留塩素や鉄錆等の比較的大きい不純物が除去され
る。次いで原水は中空糸膜１２の外側膜１５の濾過孔１
７を通過するが、その際、その孔径１７よりも大きい不
純物１９は、この外側膜１５に除去される。更にこの濾
過孔１７を通過した微細な不純物２０は内側膜１６に除
去され、十分に濾過された浄水のみが中空糸膜１２を通
過して、濾過水流出口１４から吐出される。This filter is constructed as described above,
Next, the operation of the water purification mode will be described. The raw water flowing from the connection joint 1 into the housing 4 opens the check valve 8 by water pressure and flows into the granular activated carbon 11 of the cartridge 10 to remove relatively large impurities such as residual chlorine and iron rust. Next, the raw water is filtered through the filtration hole 1 of the outer membrane 15 of the hollow fiber membrane 12.
The impurities 19 having a diameter larger than the pore diameter 17 thereof are removed by the outer membrane 15 at this time. Further, the fine impurities 20 that have passed through the filtration holes 17 are removed by the inner membrane 16, and only sufficiently filtered purified water passes through the hollow fiber membrane 12 and is discharged from the filtered water outlet 14.

【００１５】[0015]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明は、中空糸膜
を外側膜と内側膜とを有する２重膜とし、内側膜の濾過
孔の孔径を、外側膜の濾過孔の孔径よりも小さくしてい
るので、中空糸膜の膜面積を倍増して不純物の除去能力
を大巾にアップでき、中空糸膜が短期間で目詰まりする
のを解消して、中空糸膜の寿命を長くできる。しかも中
空糸膜を備える濾過部の容積を格別に大きくすることな
く、不純物の除去能力を著しく増大できるので、小型コ
ンパクトで性能の良い濾過器を得ることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, the hollow fiber membrane is a double membrane having an outer membrane and an inner membrane, and the pore diameter of the inner membrane is smaller than that of the outer membrane. Therefore, the membrane area of the hollow fiber membrane can be doubled to greatly improve the ability to remove impurities, the clogging of the hollow fiber membrane can be eliminated in a short period, and the life of the hollow fiber membrane can be extended. .. Moreover, since the ability to remove impurities can be remarkably increased without increasing the volume of the filtration section provided with the hollow fiber membrane, it is possible to obtain a compact and compact filter with good performance.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明の実施例に係る濾過器の横断面図FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】本発明の実施例に係る濾過器の縦断面図FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図３】本発明の実施例に係る濾過器の中空糸膜の拡大
縦断面図FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a hollow fiber membrane of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図４】本発明の実施例に係る濾過器の中空糸膜の拡大
横断面図FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a hollow fiber membrane of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図５】従来の濾過器の横断面図FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional filter

【図６】従来の濾過器の縦断面図FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional filter.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ 接続継手 ２ 濾過器本体 １２ 中空糸膜 １４ 濾過水流出口 １５ 外側膜 １６ 内側膜 １７ 濾過孔 １８ 濾過孔 1 Connection Joint 2 Filter Main Body 12 Hollow Fiber Membrane 14 Filtered Water Outlet 15 Outer Membrane 16 Inner Membrane 17 Filtration Hole 18 Filtration Hole

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】原水流入部と濾過水流出口とを備えた濾過
器本体と、この原水流入部と濾過水流出口の間にあっ
て、濾材として中空糸膜を備えた濾過部とから成る濾過
器において、前記中空糸膜が外側膜と内側膜とを有する
２重膜であり、この内側膜の濾過孔の孔径を、外側膜の
濾過孔の孔径よりも小さくしたことを特徴とする濾過
器。1. A filter comprising: a filter body having a raw water inflow portion and a filtered water outlet, and a filter portion provided between the raw water inflow portion and the filtered water outlet and having a hollow fiber membrane as a filter medium. A filter characterized in that the hollow fiber membrane is a double membrane having an outer membrane and an inner membrane, and the pore diameter of the filtration hole of the inner membrane is smaller than the pore diameter of the filtration hole of the outer membrane.