JPH0571423U - Plastically deformable timber bolts - Google Patents
Plastically deformable timber boltsInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0571423U JPH0571423U JP2509692U JP2509692U JPH0571423U JP H0571423 U JPH0571423 U JP H0571423U JP 2509692 U JP2509692 U JP 2509692U JP 2509692 U JP2509692 U JP 2509692U JP H0571423 U JPH0571423 U JP H0571423U
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- bolt
- wood
- joining
- timber
- small cross
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
(57)【要約】
【考案の名称】 塑性変形可能な木材接合用ボルト
【目的】 本考案は、一面乃至多面せん断を受ける木材
の接合部に使用されるボルトを木材の塑性変形に伴って
変形させ、接合部に無理なせん断力が作用して木材がせ
ん断破壊するのを防止すると共に、接合部のボルト等の
めり込みを防止する木材接合用ボルトを提供することを
目的とする。
【構成】 ボルトの直径ｄの軸部の中間部に低剛性部を
一体的に形成するもので、具体的一例として軸部をスリ
ット溝で分断し複数個の大きさｄ′小断面部を形成し、
木材の板厚ｍとした場合にｍ／ｄ′＞８を満足させるも
の。
(57) [Abstract] [Title of device] Plastic deformable bolt for joining wood [Object] The present invention is to deform a bolt used for joining parts of wood subjected to one-sided or multi-faced shearing, by plastic deformation of wood. An object of the present invention is to provide a wood joining bolt that prevents the timber from shearing and breaking due to an unreasonable shearing force acting on the joint and prevents the bolt and the like from getting into the joint. [Structure] A low-rigidity portion is integrally formed at an intermediate portion of a shaft portion having a diameter d of a bolt. As a specific example, the shaft portion is divided by a slit groove to form a plurality of small-diameter section d '. Then
Satisfies m / d '> 8 when the wood thickness is m.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
本考案は、木材同士を接合するボルトに係り、特に、木材の架構体の塑性変形 に寄与して架構剛性及び靱性を向上するに好適な塑性変形可能な木材接合用ボル トに関する。 The present invention relates to a bolt for joining timbers, and more particularly to a plastically deformable timber joining bolt suitable for contributing to plastic deformation of a timber frame structure and improving frame rigidity and toughness.
【０００２】[0002]
一般の構造体に使用されるボルトの場合には、その引張り強度やせん断強度が 必要である。しかしながら、木材の接合部に使用されてせん断力を受ける接合用 の曲げボルトの場合には、前記ボルトの場合と性質が異なり、適度に塑性変形す ることが必要である。すなわち、従来は図４に示すように、例えば、主材１１と これを挾む２つの側材１２とからなる木材の接合部に使用されるボルト１３は、 主材１１および側材１２を貫通しナット１４により締められて配置される。なお 、図示のように木材側へのめり込みを防止するためボルト１３およびナット１４ と木材側との間には平坦な座金１５，１６が介設される。引張力を主材１１およ び側材１２に作用させると、ボルト１３にせん断力が生じ、その結果主材１１と 側材１２との接合面には相対ずれが発生し、図５に示すようにボルト１３を変形 させる。すなわち、ボルト１３の軸部は主材１１等の内部にめり込んで変形する 。主材１１および側材１２等により組付けられた木材の架構体は接合部の塑性変 形により該架構体の変形を吸収して全体剛性及び靱性を保持する。そのため、接 合部が適度に塑性変形することが必要になる。しかしながら、板厚とボルト１３ の直径比率が小さい場合には、前記架構体の応力が吸収されず、図６に示すよう に側材１２がボルト１３の境目の部分や座金の近くでぜい性的な破壊をする場合 がある。 In the case of bolts used for general structures, their tensile strength and shear strength are required. However, in the case of a bent bolt for joining which is used for a timber joint and receives a shearing force, the property is different from that of the bolt and it is necessary to appropriately plastically deform the bolt. That is, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, a bolt 13 used at a joint portion of a wood composed of a main member 11 and two side members 12 sandwiching the main member 11 penetrates the main member 11 and the side members 12. The nut 14 is tightened and arranged. As shown in the drawing, flat washers 15 and 16 are provided between the bolt 13 and the nut 14 and the wood side in order to prevent the wood side from sinking. When a tensile force is applied to the main material 11 and the side material 12, a shearing force is generated in the bolt 13, and as a result, a relative displacement occurs in the joint surface between the main material 11 and the side material 12, as shown in FIG. The bolt 13 is deformed like this. That is, the shaft portion of the bolt 13 is embedded in the main material 11 or the like and is deformed. The timber frame structure assembled by the main member 11 and the side members 12 absorbs the deformation of the frame structure due to the plastic deformation of the joint, and maintains the overall rigidity and toughness. Therefore, it is necessary for the joint to undergo appropriate plastic deformation. However, when the plate thickness and the diameter ratio of the bolt 13 are small, the stress of the frame is not absorbed, and the side member 12 becomes brittle near the boundary of the bolt 13 and the washer as shown in FIG. May be destroyed.
【０００３】[0003]
前記したように、木材の架構体の接合部に使用されるボルトは適度な塑性変形 することが必要である。また、ボルトおよびナットと木材との接触面におけるせ ん断力の移行が円滑に行われることが必要である。ボルトに適度な塑性変形を発 生させるための目安として木材の材厚をｍとした場合にボルトの直径ｄがｍ／ｄ ＞８を満足することが公知技術として紹介されている。この値は理論的、実験的 に求められたもので、それ等に関しては多くの文献等が存在する。例えば、ｍ／ ｄが４で直径ｄが１６［ｍｍ］の場合には、最大すべり２．７［ｍｍ］，最大荷 重４．５［ｔ］であり、ｍ／ｄが８の場合には最大すべりが９．９［ｍｍ］で最 大荷重７［ｔ］である。また、ｍ／ｄが１２の場合には最大すべり３１［ｍｍ］ で最大荷重が６．７［ｔ］のデータがある。以上のことから、従来技術では板厚 とボルトの比率ｍ／ｄに応じたせん断力の許容値が示されていて、かつボルトお よびナットと木材との接触面に平坦な座金を用いてボルト等の木材へのめり込み を防止するものが採用されていた。また、接合部におけるボルトの最大せん断耐 力の許容値を得ようとする場合、ｍ／ｄに依存するので木材の板厚ｍが変るたび にボルトの寸法を変える必要があり、極めて煩雑である。また、ボルト管理が必 要になり作業効率の低下の原因となるなどの問題点が生ずる。 As described above, the bolt used for the joint portion of the timber frame structure needs to undergo appropriate plastic deformation. In addition, it is necessary that the shearing force be smoothly transferred at the contact surface between the bolt and nut and the timber. It has been introduced as a well-known technique that the diameter d of the bolt satisfies m / d> 8 when the thickness of the wood is m, as a guide for causing the bolt to undergo appropriate plastic deformation. This value was obtained theoretically and experimentally, and there are many literatures on it. For example, when m / d is 4 and diameter d is 16 [mm], the maximum slip is 2.7 [mm] and the maximum load is 4.5 [t], and when m / d is 8, The maximum slip is 9.9 [mm] and the maximum load is 7 [t]. When m / d is 12, there is data that the maximum slip is 31 [mm] and the maximum load is 6.7 [t]. From the above, in the prior art, the allowable value of the shear force according to the plate thickness / bolt ratio m / d is shown, and the bolt and nut are contacted with the timber with a flat washer on the contact surface. It was used to prevent such things from getting stuck in the wood. Also, when trying to obtain the maximum allowable shearing strength of the bolt at the joint, it depends on m / d, so the size of the bolt must be changed every time the plate thickness m of the wood changes, which is extremely complicated. .. In addition, bolt management becomes necessary, which causes a decrease in work efficiency.
【０００４】 本考案は、前記従来技術の問題点等を解決するもので、適度に塑性変形し得る と共に、木材の材厚の変化に伴ってボルトのサイズをその都度変える必要がなく 、架構体の接合部の剛性及び靱性の向上と、組付け作業効率の向上が図れる塑性 変形可能な木材接合用ボルトを提供することを目的とする。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The structure can be appropriately plastically deformed, and the size of the bolt does not need to be changed each time as the thickness of the timber changes. It is an object of the present invention to provide a plastically deformable bolt for joining wood, which can improve the rigidity and toughness of the joint portion and improve the work efficiency of assembling.
【０００５】[0005]
本考案は、以上の目的を達成するために、木材の接合部に使用され主にせん断 力を受けて塑性変形する木材接合用ボルトであって、前記ボルトの軸部の中間部 に、低剛性部を一体的に形成してなる木材接合用ボルトを構成し、更に具体的に は、ボルトの軸部の中間部にスリットを設け複数個の小断面部に分割し、木材の 材厚と前記小断面部の比率を８以上にする塑性変形可能な木材接合用ボルトを構 成するものである。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a wood joining bolt which is mainly used for joining parts of wood and which is plastically deformed by receiving a shearing force, and has a low rigidity in the middle part of the shaft part of the bolt. A wood joining bolt is formed by integrally forming the parts, and more specifically, it is divided into a plurality of small cross-sections by providing a slit in the middle part of the bolt shaft, This is to construct a plastically deformable wood joining bolt that makes the ratio of the small cross section 8 or more.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】 普通の直径ｄのボルトの軸部の中間部に低剛性部を形成するため、外観上は直 径ｄのボルトと同一である。そのため、ボルトおよびナットと木材との接触面積 は変化しない。それにより、ボルト等のめり込みが防止される。また、低剛性部 の形成により、ボルトは可撓性が大となり、小断面部の径をｄ′とするとｍ／ｄ ′＞８を満足させることにより適度の塑性変形が可能になり、木材接合部の応力 を吸収することが出来る。Since a low-rigidity portion is formed in the middle of the shaft of a normal diameter d bolt, the appearance is the same as that of a straight diameter d bolt. Therefore, the contact area between the bolt and nut and the timber does not change. This prevents the bolts and the like from being caught. In addition, the formation of the low-rigidity portion increases the flexibility of the bolt, and when the diameter of the small cross section is d ', m / d'> 8 is satisfied, so that appropriate plastic deformation is possible, and wood joining It can absorb the stress of the part.
【０００７】[0007]
図１は本考案の一実施例を示す。図１は本実施例の平面図であり、図２は図１ のＡ−Ａ線拡大断面図である。ボルト１はねじ４を先端側に螺刻する軸部５と六 角頭の頭部６から形成される。軸部５のほぼ中間部には図２にも示すようにスリ ット２が形成される。本実施例では互いに直交する２本のスリット２，２が軸部 ５の半径方向に沿って貫通形成される。２本のスリット２，２により、直径ｄの ボルト１の軸部５は４つの小断面部３に分割される。なお、小断面部３の断面寸 法を図示のようにｄ′とするとｄ′はほぼｄ／２の寸法になる。また、本実施例 では小断面部３の寸法ｄ′はｍ／ｄ′＞８を満足するものとする。ここでｍはボ ルト１が使用される木材７の材厚を示す（図３）。スリット２による小断面部３ の形成により、ボルト１の中間部は低剛性に形成され、特にせん断力に対して塑 性変形可能な可撓性を有するものになる。 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a plan view of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. The bolt 1 is formed of a shaft portion 5 on which a screw 4 is screwed on the tip side and a hexagonal head portion 6. As shown in FIG. 2, the slit 2 is formed substantially in the middle of the shaft portion 5. In this embodiment, two slits 2 which are orthogonal to each other are formed so as to penetrate along the radial direction of the shaft portion 5. Due to the two slits 2 and 2, the shaft portion 5 of the bolt 1 having the diameter d is divided into four small cross-section portions 3. If the cross-sectional dimension of the small cross section 3 is d'as shown in the figure, d'will be approximately d / 2. Further, in this embodiment, the dimension d'of the small cross section 3 satisfies m / d '> 8. Here, m indicates the material thickness of the wood 7 for which the bolt 1 is used (FIG. 3). By forming the small cross-section portion 3 by the slit 2, the intermediate portion of the bolt 1 is formed to have low rigidity, and in particular, it has flexibility capable of being plastically deformed by a shearing force.
【０００８】 図３は本実施例のボルト１を２個の木材７，７の接合部に使用した実施例を示 す。木材７，７の矢印Ｐ方向の引張力により木材７，７間に相対ずれが生じ、ボ ルト１にせん断力（一面せん断）が作用する。ボルト１の頭部６と木材７との接 触面側には座金８が介設される。また、ボルト１は座金９およびナット１０によ り木材７に締め付け固定される。ボルト１には低剛性の小断面部３が形成されて いるため、それぞれの小断面部３にせん断力が作用し、小断面部３のない無垢の 場合に較べて大きく塑性変形し、木材７，７の接合部の相対ずれに追従してそれ も吸収することが生ずる。一方、ボルト１の頭部６とナット１０とはそれぞれ座 金８，９を介して木材７，７に接触し、比較的大きな接触面積で当接するため、 頭部６およびナット１０の木材７，７側へのめり込みが防止され、ボルト１と木 材７との接触面に無理な力が作用しない。以上により、木材７，７の接合部はせ ん断力が作用しても無理なく相対ずれすることが出来、木材７，７のぜい性的な 破壊を防止することが出来る。なお、せん断ボルトの長期許容せん断耐力Ｐｓは 次式により求められる。 Ｐｓ＝Ｃｏ・ｄ２ ここでｄはボルトの直径［ｃｍ］であり、Ｃｏはｍ／ｄ（又はｍ／ｄ′）と木材 の種類、加力方向により定められる定数［ｋｇ・ｆ／ｃｍ２］である。例えば、 図２においてｄ＝１．６ｃｍ，ｄ′＝０．８ｃｍとしｍを６．４ｃｍとし、木材 としてあかまつ，くろまつ及びべいまつを用い木材の繊維方向に加力した場合ｍ ／ｄ＝６．４／１．６＝４に対するＣｏ＝２１０となり、ｍ／ｄ′＝６．４／０ ．８＝８に対するＣｏ＝２６０が求められる。よってｄ＝１．６ｃｍの場合には Ｐｓ＝２１０×１．６２＝０．５４［ｔ］となり、ｄ′＝０．８ｃｍの場合には Ｃｏ＝２６０×０．８２×４＝０．６７［ｔ］となり小断面部３を形成した方が 長期許容せん断耐力が向上することがわかる。また、ボルト１に軸線方向のな引 張り力が作用しても、複数個（図示では４個）の小断面部３が全体として抵抗す るため、従来のｍ／ｄ＞８を満足する通常のボルト接合の場合に較べてほぼ同等 の耐力を保持することが出来る。FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the bolt 1 of this embodiment is used for a joint portion of two woods 7, 7. Due to the tensile force of the woods 7, 7 in the direction of arrow P, a relative displacement occurs between the woods 7, 7, and a shear force (one-sided shear) acts on the bolt 1. A washer 8 is provided on the contact surface side of the head 6 of the bolt 1 and the wood 7. Further, the bolt 1 is fastened and fixed to the wood 7 by the washer 9 and the nut 10. Since the bolts 1 are formed with small cross-sections 3 of low rigidity, a shearing force acts on each small cross-section 3, resulting in a large plastic deformation as compared with a solid case without the small cross-sections 3 and wood 7 It follows that the relative displacement of the joints of No. 7 and No. 7 follows and is absorbed. On the other hand, the head 6 of the bolt 1 and the nut 10 come into contact with the timber 7, 7 via washers 8 and 9, respectively, and abut with a relatively large contact area. It is prevented from slipping into the 7 side, and no unreasonable force acts on the contact surface between the bolt 1 and the wood 7. As described above, the joint portion of the woods 7, 7 can be relatively displaced even if the shearing force is applied, and the brittle destruction of the woods 7, 7 can be prevented. The long-term allowable shear strength Ps of the shear bolt is calculated by the following formula. Ps = C o · d 2 where d is the diameter of the bolt [cm], and C o is a constant [kg · f /] determined by m / d (or m / d ′), the type of wood, and the direction of load. cm 2 ]. For example, in FIG. 2, when d = 1.6 cm, d ′ = 0.8 cm, m is 6.4 cm, and wood is used as a pine, a black pine, and a beetle, and a force is applied in the fiber direction of the wood m / d = 6.4 / 1.6 = 4, C o = 210, and m / d ′ = 6.4 / 0. C o = 260 for 8 = 8 is found. Therefore, when d = 1.6 cm, Ps = 210 × 1.6 2 = 0.54 [t], and when d ′ = 0.8 cm, C o = 260 × 0.8 2 × 4 = 0 It can be seen that the long-term allowable shear strength improves when the small cross-section portion 3 is formed to be 0.67 [t]. Further, even if an axial tensile force is applied to the bolt 1, a plurality of (four in the figure) small cross-section portions 3 resist as a whole, so that the conventional m / d> 8 is usually satisfied. It is possible to maintain almost the same yield strength as compared with the case of bolt connection.
【０００９】 以上の実施例において、２本のスリット２により４個の小断面部３を形成した が、勿論それに限定するものでない。また、ボルト１の軸部５に形成される低剛 性部の形状は前記実施例のような小断面部に限らず、例えば、軸部５の中間部に 複数本の長溝を形成するようなものでもよい。In the above embodiment, the four small cross-section portions 3 are formed by the two slits 2, but of course the invention is not limited to this. Further, the shape of the low-rigidity portion formed on the shaft portion 5 of the bolt 1 is not limited to the small cross-section portion as in the above embodiment, and for example, a plurality of long grooves may be formed in the middle portion of the shaft portion 5. It may be one.
【００１０】[0010]
本考案の木材接合用ボルトによれば、次のような効果が上げられる。 （１）一面および多面接合される木材の接合部にせん断力が加わるとボルトが塑 性変形し、木材側に無理なせん断力を作用させない。そのため、木材のせん断破 壊が防止される。 （２）ボルトの軸部に形成される低剛性部はボルトの外観形状を変化させるもの でなく、スリット等により容易に、かつ比較的任意の形に形成することが出来る 。それにより、所望のｍ／ｄ′＞８の値に低剛性部を形成することが出来る。 （３）ボルトの外観形状が変化しないためボルトの頭部およびナットと木材との 接触面積が広くとれ、木材側へのめり込みが防止される。 （４）低剛性部を形成しても、従来の接合に較べてほぼ同等の耐力を有すること が出来る。 （５）木材の材厚に依存しないでボルトが設定され、ボルト管理の手間が低減し 作業効率の向上が図れる。 （６）ｍ／ｄの値が大きくても、小断面部によりｍ／ｄ′＞８が満足されるため 、曲げボルトとしての長期許容せん断耐力が向上し、ボルトの使用本数の低減が 図れる。 The wood joining bolt of the present invention has the following effects. (1) When a shearing force is applied to the joints of timbers that are one-sided or multi-faced, the bolts are plastically deformed and the excessive shearing force does not act on the timber side. Therefore, the shear failure of the wood is prevented. (2) The low-rigidity portion formed on the shaft portion of the bolt does not change the external shape of the bolt, and can be easily formed into a relatively arbitrary shape by a slit or the like. As a result, the low-rigidity portion can be formed with a desired value of m / d '> 8. (3) Since the external shape of the bolt does not change, the contact area between the head of the bolt and the nut and the wood can be widened, and it is possible to prevent the wood from getting into the side. (4) Even if the low-rigidity portion is formed, it is possible to have almost the same yield strength as compared with the conventional joining. (5) Bolts are set without depending on the thickness of timber, which reduces the work of bolt management and improves work efficiency. (6) Even if the value of m / d is large, since the small cross section satisfies m / d '> 8, the long-term allowable shear strength as a bending bolt is improved, and the number of bolts used can be reduced.
【図１】本考案の一実施例の平面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１のＡ−Ａ線拡大断面図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
【図３】本実施例のボルトと木材との接合状態を示す断
面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a joined state of a bolt and wood according to the present embodiment.
【図４】従来の二面せん断における木材とボルト等との
係合状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an engaged state of a wood and a bolt or the like in conventional two-sided shearing.
【図５】図４における木材およびボルトの変形状態を示
す断面図である。5 is a cross-sectional view showing a deformed state of the wood and the bolt in FIG.
【図６】図４におけるボルトの塑性変形不足により木材
がせん断破壊された状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the wood is sheared and broken due to insufficient plastic deformation of the bolt in FIG.
１ ボルト ２ スリット ３ 小断面部 ４ ねじ ５ 軸部 ６ 頭部 ７ 木材 ８ 座金 ９ 座金 １０ ナット 1 Bolt 2 Slit 3 Small cross section 4 Screw 5 Shaft 6 Head 7 Wood 8 Washer 9 Washer 10 Nut
Claims (3)
受けて塑性変形する木材接合用ボルトであって、前記ボ
ルトの軸部の中間部に、低剛性部を一体的に形成するこ
とを特徴とする塑性変形可能な木材接合用ボルト。1. A wood joining bolt, which is used for joining parts of wood and is plastically deformed mainly by receiving a shearing force, wherein a low-rigidity part is integrally formed at an intermediate part of a shaft part of the bolt. A plastically deformable bolt for joining wood, characterized by.
向に貫通するスリットにより複数個の小断面部に分割す
るものからなる請求項１に記載の塑性変形可能な木材接
合用ボルト。2. The plastically deformable wood joining bolt according to claim 1, wherein the low-rigidity portion is formed by dividing the shaft portion of the bolt into a plurality of small cross-section portions by a slit penetrating in the radial direction.
以上である請求項２に記載の塑性変形可能な木材接合用
ボルト。3. The ratio of wood thickness to the small cross section is 8
The above is the wood-bonding bolt capable of plastic deformation according to claim 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2509692U JPH0571423U (en) | 1992-03-07 | 1992-03-07 | Plastically deformable timber bolts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2509692U JPH0571423U (en) | 1992-03-07 | 1992-03-07 | Plastically deformable timber bolts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0571423U true JPH0571423U (en) | 1993-09-28 |
Family
ID=12156403
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2509692U Pending JPH0571423U (en) | 1992-03-07 | 1992-03-07 | Plastically deformable timber bolts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0571423U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012122529A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-06-28 | Mitsui Home Co Ltd | Screw and bearing wall |
| JP2020012317A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-01-23 | 株式会社大林組 | Junction structure of wooden member and junction method of wooden member |
-
1992
- 1992-03-07 JP JP2509692U patent/JPH0571423U/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012122529A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-06-28 | Mitsui Home Co Ltd | Screw and bearing wall |
| JP2020012317A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-01-23 | 株式会社大林組 | Junction structure of wooden member and junction method of wooden member |
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