JPH0568990A - Filter apparatus having permeable mambrane hollow air diffusing body built therein - Google Patents
Filter apparatus having permeable mambrane hollow air diffusing body built thereinInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0568990A JPH0568990A JP3262582A JP26258291A JPH0568990A JP H0568990 A JPH0568990 A JP H0568990A JP 3262582 A JP3262582 A JP 3262582A JP 26258291 A JP26258291 A JP 26258291A JP H0568990 A JPH0568990 A JP H0568990A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- gas
- permeable membrane
- filter medium
- filter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、魚介類の活魚輸送用水
槽、養殖用水槽又は池、鑑賞用水槽等における水中への
酸素供給及び水浄化の装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for supplying oxygen to water and purifying water in a water tank for transporting live fish, a water tank or a pond for aquaculture, a water tank for appreciation and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、魚介類の各種水槽における酸素供
給装置として、水槽内にエアストーン等の散気管を設置
し、該散気管を通じて酸素ガスまたは空気を大つぶの気
泡として直接水中に放出するものが広く実施されてお
り、またポリエチレンフィルム等のガス透過膜からなる
透過膜散気チューブを通じて酸素ガスまたは空気を微細
気泡として水槽内に直接供給するものも知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an oxygen supply device for various aquariums of fish and shellfish, an air diffuser such as an air stone is installed in the aquarium, and oxygen gas or air is directly discharged into water as large air bubbles through the diffuser. It is widely used, and there is also known one in which oxygen gas or air is directly supplied as fine bubbles into a water tank through a permeable membrane diffuser tube made of a gas permeable membrane such as a polyethylene film.
【０００３】また、上記養魚用、鑑賞用水槽の水浄化装
置として、濾材を充填された濾過器内に水槽の水をポン
プにより供給して上記濾材に上から下へ流通させ、それ
により懸濁物質の濾過とともに魚介類の***物や食べ残
し餌に起因して増加するアンモニアを、上記濾材に生育
される硝化菌によって硝酸に分解する濾過器が広く使用
されており、さらに水中に生成される硝酸を石灰石によ
り中和して水の適正ＰＨを維持する方法も知られてい
る。Further, as a water purifying device for the aquarium for fish culture and for appreciation, the water in the aquarium is supplied by a pump into a filter filled with a filter medium and circulated through the filter medium from top to bottom, thereby suspending it. A filter is widely used, which decomposes ammonia, which increases due to the excretion of fish and shellfish and uneaten food with filtration of substances, into nitric acid by nitrifying bacteria grown on the above-mentioned filter material, and is further generated in water. There is also known a method of neutralizing nitric acid with limestone to maintain an appropriate pH of water.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記従来の酸
素供給装置における前者のエアストーン方式では、酸素
ガスまたは空気の気泡が大きいため、水に溶けこむ量よ
りも大気中に放散される量が多く、従って水中への酸素
溶解量を多くするためには多量の酸素ガスまたは空気を
供給しなければならない欠点があり、また後者の透過膜
散気チューブ方式では、微細な気泡が魚のエラに付着し
て呼吸困難をもたらす難点があった。However, in the former air stone method in the above-mentioned conventional oxygen supply apparatus, since the bubbles of oxygen gas or air are large, the amount released into the atmosphere is larger than the amount dissolved in water. There is a drawback that a large amount of oxygen gas or air must be supplied in order to increase the amount of oxygen dissolved in water, and in the latter permeable membrane aeration tube method, fine air bubbles adhere to fish gills. Then, there was a difficulty that caused dyspnea.
【０００５】一方、上記従来の水浄化装置では、好気性
の硝化菌に酸素が十分いきわたらないため硝化菌の増殖
が不十分となり、そのため長期間の水浄化を継続するに
は大型の濾過器を必要とする不利益があった。On the other hand, in the above-mentioned conventional water purifying apparatus, oxygen is not sufficiently supplied to the aerobic nitrifying bacteria, so that the nitrifying bacteria do not grow sufficiently, so that a large filter is required to continue the water purification for a long period of time. There was a disadvantage that needed.
【０００６】本発明は、魚の呼吸困難をもたらすことな
く酸素ガスの水中への溶解効率を高めると共に、硝化菌
の増殖を促進することを課題とする。[0006] It is an object of the present invention to enhance the efficiency of dissolution of oxygen gas in water without causing respiratory distress in fish and to promote the growth of nitrifying bacteria.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決する手段
として、本発明は、濾過室内において、少くとも酸素ガ
スを透過可能のガス透過膜からなる透過膜中空散気体を
設置すると共に、該中空散気体の上位に濾材を充填し、
上記透過膜中空散気体に接続された管を通じて酸素含有
ガスを該中空散気体内に圧送すると共に該ガス透過膜か
ら濾過室内に透過させ、濾過すべき水を上記濾過室内に
下から上へ流通させる、透過膜中空散気体を内蔵する濾
過装置を提案する。Means for Solving the Problems As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides a hollow permeable membrane gas diffuser comprising a gas permeable membrane capable of permeable to at least oxygen gas in a filtration chamber. Fill the filter material on top of the diffused gas,
An oxygen-containing gas is pressure-fed into the hollow diffuser gas through a pipe connected to the permeable membrane hollow diffuser gas and is permeated from the gas permeable membrane into the filtration chamber, and the water to be filtered flows from the bottom to the top of the filtration chamber. We propose a filter device that incorporates a hollow gas diffused by a permeable membrane.
【０００８】本発明における上記「ガス透過膜」には、
四フッ化エチレン（テフロン）等のフッ素系、ポリエチ
レン系等の合成樹脂、またはシリコン系等の合成ゴムの
膜もしくは膜状体が選択的に使用され、これらガス透過
膜からなる「透過膜中空散気体」には、各種太さのチュ
ーブ状のもの、あるいは中空糸状のもの、上記のものを
多数本束ねたもの、長尺チューブを一面上で左右に蛇行
させたもの、長尺チューブをヨコ糸としてムシロ状に織
ったもの、長尺チューブをらせん状に回曲したもの、ま
たは透過平膜からなる扁平袋状のもの等、各種のものが
含まれる。The above "gas permeable membrane" in the present invention includes
Membranes or membranes made of fluorine-based synthetic resins such as tetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), polyethylene-based synthetic resins, or synthetic rubbers such as silicon-based materials are selectively used. "Gas" includes tubes of various thicknesses, hollow fibers, bundles of many of the above, long tubes meandered left and right on one side, and long tubes weft Examples include various materials such as those woven in a mushiro shape, those obtained by spirally bending a long tube, or those in the shape of a flat bag made of a permeable flat membrane.
【０００９】また、上記「濾材」には、砂のほか、硝酸
中和剤としてのアラゴナイト系炭酸カルシウムを主成分
とする石灰石、アラレ石等、カルサイト系炭酸カルシウ
ムを主成分とするカキ殻、サンゴ砂等、その他種々のも
のが使用される。In addition to sand, limestone containing aragonite-based calcium carbonate as a nitric acid neutralizer as a main component, aralelite, etc., oyster shells containing calcite-based calcium carbonate as a main component, Various other materials such as coral sand are used.
【００１０】本発明における「酸素含有ガス」とは、大
気中の空気、空気を酸素富化膜に通すことによりえられ
た高濃度の酸素を含むガス、酸素ボンベから供給される
酸素ガス等を含む用語として使用される。以下図面を参
照して本発明の実施例について説明する。The "oxygen-containing gas" in the present invention means air in the atmosphere, a gas containing a high concentration of oxygen obtained by passing air through an oxygen-enriched film, an oxygen gas supplied from an oxygen cylinder, and the like. Used as a term that includes. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】図１は水槽（１）の外部に設置された濾過器
（２）に実施した例で、有底円筒状の槽（３）を支持フ
レーム（４）に垂直に支持させ、該槽（３）内すなわち
濾過室内において、ロート状底板のやや上に多数の通孔
を有する支持床（５）を張設し、該支持床（５）上に砂
からなる下部第一濾材（７’）の少量を介して透過膜中
空散気体（６）を設置し、該中空散気体（６）の上に同
じく砂からなる上部第一濾材（７）を所要量充填し、つ
いでその上に石灰石粒状物（中和剤）からなる第二濾材
（８）を充填し、またロート状底板に原水供給口（９）
を設け、該供給口（９）と、上記水槽（１）の底部に設
けられた排水口（１０）とをポンプ（１１）を介して原
水供給管（１２）により接続してあり、さらに上記槽
（３）の上端部にオーバーフロー式濾過水取出し口（１
３）を設け、該取出し口（１３）に接続した濾過水取出
し管（１４）の開口先端を上記水槽（１）の開口上面に
のぞませている。EXAMPLE FIG. 1 shows an example in which a filter (2) installed outside the water tank (1) is used, in which a bottomed cylindrical tank (3) is vertically supported by a support frame (4). In the tank (3), that is, in the filtration chamber, a support floor (5) having a large number of through holes is stretched slightly above the funnel-shaped bottom plate, and a lower first filter medium (7) made of sand is provided on the support floor (5). ') A permeable membrane hollow gas diffuser (6) is installed via a small amount of the above, and a required amount of the upper first filter medium (7), which is also made of sand, is filled on the hollow gas diffuser gas (6). A second filter medium (8) consisting of limestone granules (neutralizing agent) is filled, and a funnel-shaped bottom plate is provided with a raw water supply port (9).
Is provided, and the supply port (9) and the drain port (10) provided at the bottom of the water tank (1) are connected by a raw water supply pipe (12) via a pump (11). The overflow type filtered water outlet (1
3) is provided, and the open end of the filtered water take-out pipe (14) connected to the take-out port (13) is looked into the upper surface of the open mouth of the water tank (1).
【００１２】上記透過膜中空散気体（６）は、図２に示
すように四フッ化エチレン樹脂のチューブ（１５）から
なるもので、該長尺の散気チューブ（１５）を、寒冷紗
等の通水性布（１６）の面上に蛇行状に配列すると共に
止め糸（１７）…により該布（１６）に止着し、そして
チューブ（１５）の一端を閉塞し、他端を開口してあ
る。このような全体としてシート状の散気体（６）を図
１に示すように適宜折り重ねて槽（３）内に設置すると
共に、その開口他端部を槽（３）外に引き出し、引き出
し端に酸素含有ガス供給管（１８）の一端を接続してあ
る。供給管（１８）の他端はエアポンプ（図示略）に接
続する。The permeable membrane hollow diffuser gas (6) is composed of a tetrafluoroethylene resin tube (15) as shown in FIG. 2, and the long diffuser tube (15) is replaced with a gauze cloth or the like. Arranged in a meandering manner on the surface of the water-permeable cloth (16) and fastened to the cloth (16) by a retaining thread (17), and one end of the tube (15) is closed and the other end is opened. is there. Such a sheet-like diffuser (6) as a whole is appropriately folded and installed in the tank (3) as shown in FIG. 1, and the other end of the opening is drawn out of the tank (3) and drawn out. One end of an oxygen-containing gas supply pipe (18) is connected to. The other end of the supply pipe (18) is connected to an air pump (not shown).
【００１３】なお、上記散気体（６）と第一濾材
（７）、（７’）との間、及び第一濾材（７）と第二濾
材（８）との間には、多孔板等の通水性仕切り板を介在
させるのが望ましい。A porous plate or the like is provided between the diffused gas (6) and the first filter media (7) and (7 ') and between the first filter media (7) and the second filter media (8). It is desirable to interpose the water permeable partition plate.
【００１４】上例の作用は次のようである。ポンプ（１
１）の駆動により水槽（１）内の水を原水供給管（１
２）、原水供給口（９）を経て槽（３）内に圧送すると
共に、エアポンプの駆動により空気を酸素供給管（１
８）を経て透過膜中空散気体（６）の散気チューブ（１
５）内に例えば１kgｆ／cm2の圧力で圧送すると、まず
一方の槽（３）内に圧送された原水は支持床（５）、下
部第一濾材（７’）を流通上昇し、ついで散気体（６）
の蛇行する散気チューブ（１５）の間を上昇して上部第
一濾材（７）ついで第二濾材（８）を流通し、そのうち
第一濾材（７）、（７’）の砂粒の間を流通する間に、
該濾材に生育している硝化菌によって原液中に含まれる
アンモニアが硝酸に分解され、ついで第二濾材（中和
剤）（８）の石灰石粒状物間を流通する間に該石灰石か
らカルシウムを溶出させ、該カルシウムにより上記硝酸
を中和して水のＰＨを調整されると共に、魚に必要なカ
ルシウムを補給される。The operation of the above example is as follows. Pump (1
The water in the water tank (1) is driven by the drive of (1) and the raw water supply pipe (1)
2), pressure feed into the tank (3) through the raw water supply port (9), and air is driven by the air pump to supply air to the oxygen supply pipe (1).
Diffusing tube (1) of permeable membrane hollow diffuser gas (6) via 8)
When pumped into the tank 5) at a pressure of, for example, 1 kgf / cm 2 , the raw water pumped into the one tank (3) first flows up through the support bed (5) and the lower first filter medium (7 '), and then is dispersed. Gas (6)
Of the first filter medium (7) and (7 ') among the sand grains of the first filter medium (7) and then the second filter medium (8). During distribution
Ammonia contained in the stock solution is decomposed into nitric acid by nitrifying bacteria growing on the filter medium, and then calcium is eluted from the limestone while flowing between the limestone particles of the second filter medium (neutralizing agent) (8). Then, the pH of water is adjusted by neutralizing the nitric acid with the calcium, and calcium necessary for fish is supplied.
【００１５】他方の散気チューブ（１５）内に圧送され
た空気（酸素）は該散気チューブの透過膜を透過して一
部は直ちに周囲の水中に溶けこむが、他部は微細気泡と
なって周囲の水中に放出され、これら微細気泡は上部第
一濾材（７）ついで第二濾材（８）の各濾材間を水と共
に流通上昇し、その間に該微細気泡が水中に十分に溶解
すると共に、濾材（７）、（８）に生育する硝化菌に酸
素を供給して増殖を促進する。The air (oxygen) pumped into the other air diffusing tube (15) permeates the permeable membrane of the air diffusing tube and partly dissolves in the surrounding water, but the other part becomes fine bubbles. Then, these fine air bubbles are flown up together with water between each filter medium of the upper first filter medium (7) and then the second filter medium (8), and the fine air bubbles are sufficiently dissolved in the water. At the same time, oxygen is supplied to the nitrifying bacteria that grow on the filter media (7) and (8) to promote the growth.
【００１６】このように浄化され且酸素を供給された濾
過水は取出し口（１３）から取出し管（１４）を経て水
槽（１）に戻される。以下この作用を連続的に循環させ
る。The filtered water thus purified and supplied with oxygen is returned from the outlet (13) to the water tank (1) through the outlet pipe (14). Hereinafter, this action is continuously circulated.
【００１７】図３は水槽（１ａ）の内部に設置された濾
過器（２ａ）に実施した例で、多数の濾過水取出し口
（１３ａ）…を有する仕切壁（３ａ）を水槽（１ａ）内
の底部近くに該底面と平行に設置して該仕切壁（３ａ）
と水槽（１ａ）底面との間に濾過室を形成し、この濾過
室内に、最下位に透過膜中空散気体（６ａ）を、その上
に順次支持床（５ａ）、砂の第一濾材（７ａ）、石灰石
粒状物の第二濾材（８ａ）をそれぞれ設け、水槽（１
ａ）の底部近くに開設された原水供給口（９ａ）に一端
を接続された原水供給管（１２ａ）の他端を水槽の原水
中に延長し、延長端に水中ポンプ（１１ａ）を接続し、
他の構造は図１、２と実質的に同一である。FIG. 3 shows an example in which the filter (2a) is installed inside the water tank (1a), and a partition wall (3a) having a large number of filtered water outlets (13a) is provided in the water tank (1a). The partition wall (3a) installed near the bottom of the parallel to the bottom surface.
And a bottom of the water tank (1a), a filtration chamber is formed, and in the filtration chamber, the permeable membrane hollow diffuser gas (6a) is placed at the lowest position, on which the support bed (5a) and the sand first filter medium ( 7a) and a second filter medium (8a) of limestone granules, respectively, and a water tank (1
a) The raw water supply pipe (12a) having one end connected to the raw water supply port (9a) opened near the bottom of the a) is extended to the raw water of the water tank, and the submersible pump (11a) is connected to the extended end. ,
The other structure is substantially the same as that of FIGS.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】本発明の透過膜中空散気体を内蔵する濾
過装置によれば、透過膜中空散気体から放出される酸素
含有ガスの微細気泡を水と共に上位の濾材間に流通させ
ることにより該微細気泡を十分に水中に溶解させること
ができ、それにより魚に呼吸困難等の危険を与えること
なく十分な酸素供給を行うことができるようになり、し
かも濾材に生育する好気性の硝化菌に透過膜中空散気体
から放出される酸素を供給して、その増殖を大幅に促進
させ、それにより水中に発生するアンモニアの分解能力
を著しく向上させることができ、従って小型の濾過装置
であっても十分な水浄化を継続することが可能となる。EFFECT OF THE INVENTION According to the filtration device having the hollow permeable gas permeation membrane of the present invention, the fine bubbles of the oxygen-containing gas released from the hollow permeable gas permeation membrane are circulated together with water between the upper filter media. Micro bubbles can be sufficiently dissolved in water, which makes it possible to supply sufficient oxygen without causing danger such as breathing difficulty to fish, and to aerobic nitrifying bacteria that grow on the filter medium. By supplying oxygen released from the permeable membrane hollow diffuser, the growth of the oxygen can be significantly promoted, and thereby the decomposition ability of ammonia generated in water can be significantly improved, and therefore even a small filtration device can be used. It is possible to continue sufficient water purification.
【図１】濾過装置つき水槽の垂直断面図である。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a water tank with a filtering device.
【図２】透過膜中空散気体の一部省略拡大平面図であ
る。FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of a hollow gas permeable membrane partially omitted.
【図３】他の実施例の濾過装置内装水槽の垂直断面図で
ある。FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a water tank containing a filter device according to another embodiment.
２、２ａ 濾過器 ６、６ａ 透過膜中空散気体 ７、７ａ 第一濾材 ８、８ａ 第二濾材 １５ 散気チューブ １８、１８ａ 酸素含有ガス供給管 2, 2a Filter 6, 6a Permeable membrane hollow gas diffuser 7, 7a First filter medium 8, 8a Second filter medium 15 Air diffuser tube 18, 18a Oxygen-containing gas supply pipe
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.5 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｃ０２Ｆ 3/10 Ａ 6647−4Ｄ 3/20 Ｄ 7726−4Ｄ 9/00 Ａ 6647−4Ｄ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 5 Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location C02F 3/10 A 6647-4D 3/20 D 7726-4D 9/00 A 6647-4D
Claims (2)
透過可能のガス透過膜からなる透過膜中空散気体を設置
すると共に、該中空散気体の上位に濾材を充填し、 上記透過膜中空散気体に接続された管を通じて酸素含有
ガスを該中空散気体内に圧送すると共に該ガス透過膜か
ら濾過室内に透過させ、 濾過すべき水を上記濾過室内に下から上へ流通させる、
透過膜中空散気体を内蔵する濾過装置。1. A permeable membrane hollow diffuser comprising a permeable membrane hollow diffuser made of a gas permeable membrane capable of permeable to at least oxygen gas in the filtration chamber, and a filter medium being filled above the hollow diffuser gas. An oxygen-containing gas is pumped into the hollow gas diffuser through a pipe connected to the gas-permeable membrane and is permeated into the filtration chamber through the gas-permeable membrane, and water to be filtered is circulated from the bottom to the top of the filtration chamber.
Filtration device with a hollow gas permeable membrane.
する硝酸中和剤を含む、請求項１に記載の透過膜中空散
気体を内蔵する濾過装置。2. The filtration device containing the permeable membrane hollow diffuser gas according to claim 1, wherein the filter medium contains a nitric acid neutralizing agent containing calcium carbonate as a main component.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3262582A JPH0568990A (en) | 1991-09-17 | 1991-09-17 | Filter apparatus having permeable mambrane hollow air diffusing body built therein |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3262582A JPH0568990A (en) | 1991-09-17 | 1991-09-17 | Filter apparatus having permeable mambrane hollow air diffusing body built therein |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0568990A true JPH0568990A (en) | 1993-03-23 |
Family
ID=17377815
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3262582A Pending JPH0568990A (en) | 1991-09-17 | 1991-09-17 | Filter apparatus having permeable mambrane hollow air diffusing body built therein |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0568990A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102047856A (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-05-11 | 广东海洋大学 | Pond and method for culturing penaeus japonicus through mulching film sand bed self-purification |
| CN108174816A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-19 | 五河县智凯环保科技有限公司 | A kind of rural culture industry water circulating repetition utilizes system |
| JP6365714B1 (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-08-01 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Aerobic treatment method |
-
1991
- 1991-09-17 JP JP3262582A patent/JPH0568990A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102047856A (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-05-11 | 广东海洋大学 | Pond and method for culturing penaeus japonicus through mulching film sand bed self-purification |
| JP6365714B1 (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-08-01 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Aerobic treatment method |
| WO2018168023A1 (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-09-20 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Aerobe treatment method |
| JP2018153733A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-10-04 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Aerobic biological treatment method |
| CN110139836A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2019-08-16 | 栗田工业株式会社 | Aerobe processing method |
| CN108174816A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-19 | 五河县智凯环保科技有限公司 | A kind of rural culture industry water circulating repetition utilizes system |
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