JPH0568666B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0568666B2 JPH0568666B2 JP59110515A JP11051584A JPH0568666B2 JP H0568666 B2 JPH0568666 B2 JP H0568666B2 JP 59110515 A JP59110515 A JP 59110515A JP 11051584 A JP11051584 A JP 11051584A JP H0568666 B2 JPH0568666 B2 JP H0568666B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- color
- image
- view
- signal
- coordinates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/785—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system
- G01S3/786—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
- G01S3/7864—T.V. type tracking systems
- G01S3/7865—T.V. type tracking systems using correlation of the live video image with a stored image
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
- Color Television Image Signal Generators (AREA)
- Focusing (AREA)
- Automatic Focus Adjustment (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（技術分野）
この発明は、カメラ、とくにビデオカメラ用の
自動焦点検出又は自動焦点調節装置において、移
動する被写体に対する自動追尾装置に関し、とく
に風景内の人物を良好に追尾することを可能にす
る手段に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Technical Field) The present invention relates to an automatic tracking device for a moving subject in an automatic focus detection or automatic focus adjustment device for a camera, especially a video camera, and in particular, to an automatic tracking device for a moving subject. Concerning the means that make it possible to do so.
（背景技術）
ビデオカメラの映像信号を利用する自動焦点検
出装置については、例えば米国特許第2831057号
明細書、特公昭39−5265号公報又は特公昭46−
17172号公報多くの提案がなされている。(Background Art) Regarding an automatic focus detection device that uses a video signal from a video camera, for example, US Pat.
Publication No. 17172 Many proposals have been made.
また上記の方式中のひとつであるいわゆる山登
り制御方式については「NHK技術研究」第17巻
第１号（通巻第86号）（昭和40年発行）の21頁石
田ほかによる「山登りサーボ方式によるテレビカ
メラの自動焦点調整」の論文に、またこの山登り
制御と後玉フオーカス駆動レンズとを組み合わせ
た方式については昭和57年11月29日のテレビジヨ
ン学会技術報告で半間ほかにより「輪郭検出オー
トフオーカス方式」としてそれぞれ詳細に発表さ
れている。 Regarding the so-called mountain-climbing control method, which is one of the above-mentioned methods, see "TV using the mountain-climbing servo method" by Ishida et al., p. 21 of "NHK Technical Research," Vol. 17, No. 1 (vol. 86) (published in 1965). A method that combines this hill-climbing control with a rear focus drive lens is described in the paper "Automatic Focus Adjustment of Cameras" and by Hankan et al. Each method has been announced in detail.
ところで、この種の装置では、第１図Ａに示す
ように測距視野が撮影画面中央部に固定されてい
るため、同図Ｂに示すようにピントを合わせたい
被写体（以下目標被写体という）（この例では人
物）が移動してしまうと、この目標被写体とは異
なる距離にある物体（この例では家屋）にピント
が合い、目標被写体である人物がぼけてしまうと
いう欠点がある。なお第１図及び後記第２図は、
無視差の自動焦点調節装置を具えるカメラで測距
した場合の画面を示すものである。 By the way, in this type of device, as shown in Figure 1A, the distance measurement field of view is fixed at the center of the photographing screen, so as shown in Figure 1B, the subject to be focused on (hereinafter referred to as the target subject) ( If the person (in this example, a person) moves, an object (a house in this example) that is at a different distance from the target subject will be in focus, and the target person (the person) will be out of focus. Note that Figure 1 and Figure 2 below are as follows:
This is a screen shot when distance measurement is performed using a camera equipped with an automatic focusing device with negligible difference.
（目的）
この発明は、従来の自動焦点検出装置の前述の
欠点を解消し、移動する被写体について自動的に
その移動を検出し、測距視野を被写体の移動に追
尾して移動させて焦点検出ないし焦点調節を行う
に当たり、とくに風景内の人物を良好に追尾する
ことができる自動追尾装置を提供することを目的
とする。(Purpose) This invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional automatic focus detection devices, automatically detects the movement of a moving subject, moves the distance measurement field of view to track the movement of the subject, and detects focus. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic tracking device that can particularly effectively track a person in a landscape when performing focus adjustment.
（実施例による説明）
以下第２図ないし第８図等を参照して上記の目
的を達成するためこの発明において講じた手段に
ついて例示説明する。下記の説明は、この発明を
適用した自動追尾焦点検出機能の概要並びにこの
発明の自動追尾装置の一実施例及びその他の実施
例の順序で行う。(Explanation based on Examples) Hereinafter, the means taken in this invention to achieve the above object will be exemplified and explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8 and the like. The following explanation will be given in order of an overview of the automatic tracking focus detection function to which the present invention is applied, and one embodiment and other embodiments of the automatic tracking device of the present invention.
（この発明を適用した自動追尾焦点検出機能の概
要）（第２図〜第５図）
先ず、この発明を適用した自動追尾焦点検出機
能の一例についてその概要を説明すると、第１図
Ａの状態にあつた目標被写体（人物）が第２図Ａ
に示すように同一距離のまま画面右上方へ移動す
ると、後述の追尾手段により、被写体の移動を自
動的に検出し、測距視野を第２図Ａに示すように
被写体の移動に追尾して移動させ、この移動位置
で焦点検出ないし焦点調節を行うものである。す
なわち、被写体の特徴を表わすなんらかのパラメ
ータ、例えば被写体及び背景の色を、前記の追尾
手段により設定された追尾視野に関して抽出し、
この抽出された特徴を記憶させ、この記憶された
特徴と新たに抽出された被写体の特徴とに基づい
て被写体の移動の有無，及び被写体が移動した場
合にその移動方向又は移動位置を検出して、前記
の追尾視野を被写体の移動に追尾して移動させ、
また追尾視野の移動に伴つて測距視野をこれと同
じ位置関係で移動させるものである。したがつ
て、第２図は、被写体の移動と追尾視野の移動と
の関係を示すものとみなすこともできる。なお追
尾視野は被写体の移動を判定する手段のひとつで
あつて、通常は、測距視野のようにフアインダ画
面等に表示し、これを介して被写体が観察される
ことはない。また追尾視野を仮りに画面上に表示
したとすれば、前述のように追尾視野と測距視野
とは画面上同じ位置関係で表示されるが、これら
の大きさは、必要に応じ、追尾視野又は測距視野
のどちらを大きくすることもできる。(Outline of automatic tracking focus detection function to which the present invention is applied) (Figures 2 to 5) First, an overview of an example of the automatic tracking focus detection function to which the present invention is applied will be explained. The target subject (person) is shown in Figure 2A.
When the camera moves to the upper right of the screen while maintaining the same distance as shown in Figure 2A, the tracking means described later automatically detects the movement of the subject, and the distance measurement field of view tracks the movement of the subject as shown in Figure 2A. The lens is moved, and focus detection or focus adjustment is performed at this moving position. That is, some parameters representing the characteristics of the subject, such as the colors of the subject and the background, are extracted with respect to the tracking field of view set by the tracking means,
This extracted feature is stored, and based on the stored feature and the newly extracted feature of the subject, whether or not the subject is moving is detected, and if the subject moves, the moving direction or moving position is detected. , moving the tracking field of view to track the movement of the subject;
Further, as the tracking field of view moves, the distance measurement field of view is moved in the same positional relationship. Therefore, FIG. 2 can also be regarded as showing the relationship between the movement of the subject and the movement of the tracking field of view. Note that the tracking field of view is one of the means for determining the movement of the subject, and is normally displayed on a viewfinder screen or the like like the distance measurement field of view, and the subject is not observed through this. Furthermore, if the tracking field of view were to be displayed on the screen, the tracking field of view and the ranging field of view would be displayed in the same positional relationship on the screen as described above, but the sizes of these fields may vary depending on the tracking field of view as necessary. Alternatively, either distance measurement field of view can be made larger.
第２図Ａでは、距離が同一であるから、撮影レ
ンズのうちの合焦レンズを調整することはない
が、同図Ｂでは、被写体が画面内の右上方へ移動
するとともに距離も変化するので、測距の結果に
従つて合焦レンズが移動する。したがつて、後述
の追尾ゲート大きさ決定手段により追尾視野の大
きさを変化させ、つねにその被写体に適した大き
さに保ち、その状態で焦点検出ないし焦点調節を
行う。ここで、被写体とカメラとの間の移動は相
対的であるから、上記の追尾作用は、カメラが固
定されて被写体が移動する場合のほか、逆に被写
体が停止してカメラが移動する場合、あるいは両
者がともに移動する場合にも有効に機能し、また
追尾視野の大きさは、被写体距離が変化する場合
のほか、レンズの焦点距離を変える場合にも調整
することができる。 In Figure 2 A, the distance is the same, so there is no need to adjust the focusing lens of the photographing lens, but in Figure 2 B, the distance changes as the subject moves to the upper right of the screen. , the focusing lens moves according to the distance measurement results. Therefore, the size of the tracking field of view is changed by a tracking gate size determining means, which will be described later, and is always maintained at a size suitable for the subject, and focus detection or focus adjustment is performed in this state. Here, since the movement between the subject and the camera is relative, the above-mentioned tracking effect works not only when the camera is fixed and the subject moves, but also when the subject stops and the camera moves. Alternatively, it functions effectively when both move together, and the size of the tracking field of view can be adjusted not only when the subject distance changes, but also when the focal length of the lens changes.
追尾視野は、原則として２次元の拡がりをもつ
ものであるが、説明を簡単にするために、ここで
は第３図Ａに示すように追尾視野が水平方向に延
びる１次元の拡がりをもつものであるとする。ま
た追尾視野はＡ，Ｂ，Ｃの３部分（以下各部分を
画素という）に分れているとする。なお２次元の
追尾視野を達成するには、例えば同図の画素Ｂ又
はＡ，Ｂ及びＣを中心にしてその上下に位置する
画素を設ければよい。上記の各画素から時系列信
号として得られる色情報信号（Ｒ−Ｙ）及び（Ｂ
−Ｙ）に、第４図に示すように、それぞれ、積分
回路１００ａ，１００ｂ、サンプルホールド
（Ｓ／Ｈ）回路１０１ａ，１０１ｂ及びＡ／Ｄ変
換回路１０２ａ，１０２ｂによつて積分、サンプ
ルホールド及びＡ／Ｄ変換の各処理を行つて、そ
れぞれメモリ１０３ａ，１０３ｂに記憶させる。
この記憶された値を、各画素Ａ，Ｂ及びＣについ
て（Ｒ−Ｙ）及び（Ｂ−Ｙ）の直交座標上にプロ
ツトすると、例えば第５図に示すように表示され
る。図でA0，B0及びC0の各点は、それぞれ、第
３図ＡのＡ，Ｂ及びＣの各画素から抽出された信
号を表わしている。ここで、画素Ｂからは被写体
である人物の例えば服装のみを表わす信号が、画
素Ａ及びＣからは、それぞれ被写体の服装と背景
とを表わす信号が加算された信号が抽出されると
する。さらに、同図で被写体の左側と右側とで背
景の色が異つているものとする。したがつて、点
A0とC0とは、色信号座標上の位置が異つている。 In principle, the tracking field of view has a two-dimensional extent, but for the sake of simplicity, here, as shown in Figure 3A, the tracking field of view has a one-dimensional extent extending in the horizontal direction. Suppose there is. It is also assumed that the tracking field of view is divided into three parts A, B, and C (each part is hereinafter referred to as a pixel). Note that in order to achieve a two-dimensional tracking field of view, for example, pixels located above and below pixel B or A, B, and C in the figure may be provided as the center. Color information signals (RY) and (B
-Y), as shown in FIG. 4, integration, sample hold, and A /D conversion processing is performed and stored in the memories 103a and 103b, respectively.
When these stored values are plotted on the rectangular coordinates (RY) and (BY) for each pixel A, B, and C, they are displayed as shown in FIG. 5, for example. In the figure, points A 0 , B 0 and C 0 represent signals extracted from pixels A, B and C in FIG. 3A, respectively. Here, it is assumed that from pixel B, a signal representing only the clothing of the subject, for example, is extracted, and from pixels A and C, a signal in which signals representing the clothing of the subject and the background are added together is extracted. Furthermore, assume that the background colors on the left and right sides of the subject in the figure are different. Therefore, the point
A 0 and C 0 have different positions on the color signal coordinates.
次に、第３図Ａに示す被写体が、同図Ｂに示す
ように画面内で右方向へ移動すると、画素Ａ及び
Ｃ内に占める被写体と背景の割合が変化する結
果、画素Ａ及びＣから得られる信号は、第５図
A1及びC1に示すようにそれぞれ変化する。一方、
画素Ｂは第３図Ｂに示すように被写体内にとどま
つているので、その服装がほぼ単色であるとすれ
ば、画素Ｂから得られる信号はほとんど変化しな
い。したがつて、ここでは、簡単のためにB1＝
B0とする。この場合、第５図に示すように、点
C1は点B0（＝B1）に近づき、点A1は点B0（＝B1）
から遠ざかるので、線分B1C1は線分B0C0より小
さくなり、線分A1B1は線分A0B0より大きくな
る。逆に、線分B1C1は線分B0C0より大きくなり、
線分A1B1が線分A0B0より小さくなる場合は、被
写体が第３図Ｂで左方向へ移動していることにな
る。なお被写体の左右両側で背景の色が同じであ
るとすれば、被写体が画面内で第３図Ｂの右方向
へ移動するとき上記の点A1は線分A0B0の延長線
上に位置を占め、点C1は線分B0C0上に位置を占
めることになる。この発明は、上記どちらの場合
にも適用することができる。 Next, when the subject shown in Figure 3A moves to the right within the screen as shown in Figure 3B, the ratio of the subject to the background within pixels A and C changes, resulting in The resulting signal is shown in Figure 5.
They change as shown in A 1 and C 1 respectively. on the other hand,
Since pixel B remains within the object as shown in FIG. 3B, the signal obtained from pixel B will hardly change if the clothing is substantially monochromatic. Therefore, here, for simplicity, B 1 =
Let B be 0 . In this case, as shown in Figure 5, the point
C 1 approaches point B 0 (=B 1 ), and point A 1 approaches point B 0 (=B 1 )
As it moves away from , line segment B 1 C 1 becomes smaller than line segment B 0 C 0 , and line segment A 1 B 1 becomes larger than line segment A 0 B 0 . Conversely, line segment B 1 C 1 is greater than line segment B 0 C 0 ,
If the line segment A 1 B 1 becomes smaller than the line segment A 0 B 0 , it means that the subject is moving to the left in FIG. 3B. If the background color is the same on both sides of the subject, when the subject moves to the right in Figure 3B within the screen, the above point A1 will be located on the extension of the line segment A0B0 . , and the point C 1 is located on the line segment B 0 C 0 . This invention can be applied to either of the above cases.
（この発明の自動追尾装置の一実施例）（第６図、
第７図）
第６図は、この発明の自動追尾装置の一実施例
を示し、図において撮影光学系は、合焦レンズ
１、ズーム系レンズ２、絞り３及びリレーレンズ
４からなり、被写体像は撮像素子５（例えばC.C.
D）上で受光される。６はクロツク信号発生回路
であり、その出力は分周器７で所要の比率に分周
され、この分周出力が後述の撮像素子駆動回路
８、追尾ゲート設定回路１１及び測距ゲート設定
回路１６に付与される。撮像素子５は、撮像素子
駆動回路８により駆動されて時系列信号が出力さ
れ、この出力は信号処理回路９で所要の同期信号
合成、変調及び補正処理を受け、出力ビデオ信号
例えばNTSC信号が形成される。これらの処理
は、当業者に周知であるので、その詳細な説明を
省略する。なお以下の説明では、出力ビデオ信号
がNTSC信号であるとする。(One embodiment of automatic tracking device of this invention) (Fig. 6,
(Fig. 7) Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of the automatic tracking device of the present invention. is the image sensor 5 (e.g. CC
D) is received above. Reference numeral 6 denotes a clock signal generation circuit, the output of which is frequency-divided by a frequency divider 7 to a required ratio, and this frequency-divided output is used by an image sensor drive circuit 8, a tracking gate setting circuit 11, and a ranging gate setting circuit 16, which will be described later. granted to. The image sensor 5 is driven by an image sensor drive circuit 8 to output a time-series signal, and this output is subjected to necessary synchronization signal synthesis, modulation, and correction processing in a signal processing circuit 9 to form an output video signal, for example, an NTSC signal. be done. Since these processes are well known to those skilled in the art, detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. Note that in the following description, it is assumed that the output video signal is an NTSC signal.
信号処理回路９は、同時に、｛色情報信号｝（Ｒ
−Ｙ）及び（Ｂ−Ｙ）を追尾ゲート（追尾視野に
対応する）設定回路１１及び測距ゲート設定回路
１６に出力する。追尾ゲート設定回路１１の出力
は色検出回路１２に供給されて、被写体の色が検
出され、これが例えば不図示のスイツチ等の手動
による機械的入力手段を介してメモリ１３に記憶
される。なお色検出回路１２は、第４図に示す積
分回路１００、サンプルホールド回路１０１及び
Ａ／Ｄ変換回路１０２を含むものである。上記の
処理は、テレビジヨン信号の１フイールドの期間
である1/60秒の間に又はその数フイールド分の期
間の間にその平均値に従つて行われる。以下両者
を一括して１フイールドの期間に処理されるとし
て説明する。 The signal processing circuit 9 simultaneously processes {color information signal} (R
-Y) and (B-Y) are output to the tracking gate (corresponding to the tracking field of view) setting circuit 11 and the ranging gate setting circuit 16. The output of the tracking gate setting circuit 11 is supplied to a color detection circuit 12 to detect the color of the subject, and this is stored in the memory 13 via manual mechanical input means such as a switch (not shown). Note that the color detection circuit 12 includes an integration circuit 100, a sample hold circuit 101, and an A/D conversion circuit 102 shown in FIG. The above processing is performed according to the average value during 1/60 second, which is the period of one field of the television signal, or during a period of several fields thereof. In the following, both will be explained as being processed in one field period.
次の１フイールドでは、新たに抽出された信号
とメモリ１３に記憶されている信号とが移動判定
回路１４で比較され、被写体の移動の有無及び被
写体が移動する場合の移動方向が検知される。移
動があつた場合には、ゲート移動回路１５によつ
て追尾ゲート設定回路１１を制御して追尾視野を
移動させ、次の１フイールドで同様の演算を行
い、以後追尾が完了するまで上記の処理をくり返
す。 In the next field, the newly extracted signal and the signal stored in the memory 13 are compared in the movement determination circuit 14, and the presence or absence of movement of the subject and the direction of movement of the subject are detected. When movement occurs, the tracking gate setting circuit 11 is controlled by the gate movement circuit 15 to move the tracking field of view, perform the same calculation in the next field, and then repeat the above process until tracking is completed. Repeat.
追尾が完了した時点でゲート移動回路１５によ
つて、測距ゲート設定回路１６により設定される
測距視野を追尾視野と同じ関係位置に設定し、こ
の測距視野内の映像信号（信号処理回路９の出
力）を用いて自動焦点調節（AF）回路１７で、
例えば山登り制御等の公知の手段によつて焦点検
出を行い、その出力によつてモータＭを駆動し、
合焦レンズ１の位置を制御する。 When tracking is completed, the gate moving circuit 15 sets the ranging field of view set by the ranging gate setting circuit 16 to the same relative position as the tracking field of view, and the video signal within this ranging field of view (signal processing circuit 9 output) in the automatic focus adjustment (AF) circuit 17,
For example, focus detection is performed by a known means such as mountain climbing control, and the motor M is driven by the output thereof.
The position of the focusing lens 1 is controlled.
第６図において、P1は合焦レンズ１の位置
（被写体距離に相当する）の絶対位置を検出する
ポジシヨンセンサ、P2はズーム系レンズ２の位
置（焦点距離に相当する）の絶対位置を検出する
ポジシヨンセンサであり、これらの信号に基づい
て追尾ゲート大きさ決定回路１０が追尾ゲート設
定回路１１及び測距ゲート設定回路１６を制御
し、それぞれ追尾視野及び測距視野の大きさを定
める。いま、撮影レンズの焦点距離をｆ、被写体
距離をＲ、撮像面の長手方向の寸法をｙ、追尾視
野長（第３図Ａの画素Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃの合計の長さ）
をｌ、追尾視野長の被写体上での長さをＷ、ｌ／
ｙ＝ｋとおくと、ｋ＝fW／Ryで与えられる。数
値例を掲げると、ｆ＝30mm、Ｒ＝5000mm、ｙ＝
8.8mmとし、追尾被写体が大人の場合としてＷ＝
500mmとすると
ｋ＝0.34
となる。ここでｙは撮像素子例えばC.C.Dの大き
さによつて、Ｗは被追尾被写体によつて定まるの
で、ポジシヨンセンサP1、P2の出力値から上記
の式によりｋを追尾ゲート大きさ決定回路１０で
演算すれば、つねに被写体に対して最適の大きさ
の追尾視野が得られる。 In Figure 6, P 1 is a position sensor that detects the absolute position of the focusing lens 1 (corresponding to the subject distance), and P 2 is the absolute position of the zoom lens 2 (corresponding to the focal length). Based on these signals, the tracking gate size determining circuit 10 controls the tracking gate setting circuit 11 and the distance measurement gate setting circuit 16 to determine the size of the tracking field of view and the distance measurement field of view, respectively. stipulate. Now, the focal length of the photographing lens is f, the subject distance is R, the longitudinal dimension of the imaging surface is y, and the tracking field of view length (the total length of pixels A, B, and C in Figure 3 A)
is l, and the length of the tracking field of view on the subject is W, l/
If we set y=k, it is given by k=fW/Ry. To give a numerical example, f=30mm, R=5000mm, y=
Assuming 8.8mm and the tracking subject being an adult, W=
If it is 500mm, k=0.34. Here, y is determined by the size of the image sensor, such as a CCD, and W is determined by the object to be tracked, so k is determined by the above equation from the output values of the position sensors P 1 and P 2 by the tracking gate size determining circuit. 10, a tracking field of view of the optimum size for the subject can always be obtained.
第７図は、前述の色検出回路１２、メモリ１３
及び移動判定回路１４の詳細を示すものであつ
て、第６図の追尾ゲート設定回路１１を通つた画
素Ａ及びＢそれぞれの（Ｒ−Ｙ）信号及び（Ｂ−
Ｙ）信号から距離演算回路２１により第５図の
（Ｒ−Ｙ）及び（Ｂ−Ｙ）座標上の線分A0B0の長
さDA0 FIG. 7 shows the color detection circuit 12 and memory 13 described above.
6 shows the details of the movement determination circuit 14, and the (R-Y) signals and (B-
Y) From the signal, the length D A0 of the line segment A 0 B 0 on the (R-Y) and (B-Y) coordinates in FIG. 5 is determined by the distance calculation circuit 21.
Claims (1)
画像に対応する映像信号を出力する撮像手段と、 前記撮像手段より出力される映像信号中より前
記撮像面内に設定された所定の追尾視野内の画像
に相当する映像信号をフイールド周期に同期した
所定の周期で抽出するゲート手段と、 前記ゲート手段によつて抽出された前記追尾視
野内の画像に相当する映像信号中より、画像の色
情報信号を該画像の特徴として抽出する色情報信
号抽出手段と、 前記色情報信号抽出手段によつて抽出された色
情報信号の色信号座標上における位置を記憶する
記憶手段と、 前記色情報信号抽出手段によつて抽出された前
記追尾視野内における画像の色情報信号の前記色
信号座標上における位置と、前記記憶手段に記憶
されている前記色信号抽出手段によつて前回抽出
された画像の色情報信号の前記色信号座標上にお
ける位置とを比較し、その色信号座標上における
位置変位を前記追尾視野内の画像の前記撮像面内
における相対的な移動として検出し、その色信号
座標上における位置変位情報を出力する移動検出
手段と、 前記移動検出手段より出力された前記色座標の
位置変位情報に基づいて前記ゲート手段を前記フ
イールド周期に同期した所定の周期で制御し、前
記移動検出手段より出力された前記色信号座標上
における位置変位を相殺する方向に前記追尾視野
の前記撮像面内における設定位置を移動する制御
手段と、 を備えたことを特徴とするカメラにおける自動追
尾装置。 ２ 前記移動検出手段は、前記追尾視野内におけ
る画像の色情報信号の前記色信号座標上における
位置と、前記記憶手段に記憶されている前回の前
記色信号座標上における位置との距離の変位によ
つて前記追尾視野内の画像の前記撮像面内におけ
る相対的な移動を検出するように構成されている
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲１記載のカメラ
における自動追尾装置。 ３ 前記移動検出手段は、前記追尾視野内におけ
る画像の色情報信号の前記色信号座標上における
位置を表す角度情報と、前記記憶手段に記憶され
ている前回の前記色信号座標上における角度情報
とを比較し、前記色信号座標上における角度の変
位によつて前記追尾視野内の画像の前記撮像面内
における相対的な移動を検出するように構成され
ていることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲１記載の
カメラにおける自動追尾装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. Imaging means for photoelectrically converting an image formed on an imaging surface and outputting a video signal corresponding to the image; gate means for extracting a video signal corresponding to an image within a set predetermined tracking field of view at a predetermined period synchronized with a field period; and a video signal corresponding to an image within the tracking field of view extracted by the gate means. Color information signal extraction means for extracting a color information signal of an image as a feature of the image from among the signals; and a memory for storing the position on the color signal coordinates of the color information signal extracted by the color information signal extraction means. means, a position on the color signal coordinates of the color information signal of the image within the tracking field of view extracted by the color information signal extraction means, and a position on the color signal coordinates of the image extracted by the color information signal extraction means, and Then, the position of the color information signal of the previously extracted image on the color signal coordinates is compared with the position on the color signal coordinates, and the positional displacement on the color signal coordinates is detected as a relative movement of the image within the tracking field of view within the imaging plane. and a movement detecting means for outputting positional displacement information on the color signal coordinates; and a predetermined period in which the gate means is synchronized with the field period based on the positional displacement information on the color coordinates outputted from the movement detecting means. control means for moving the set position in the imaging plane of the tracking field of view in a direction that cancels a positional displacement on the color signal coordinate output from the movement detection means. Automatic tracking device for cameras. 2. The movement detection means detects a displacement in distance between a position on the color signal coordinates of a color information signal of an image within the tracking field of view and a previous position on the color signal coordinates stored in the storage means. 2. The automatic tracking device for a camera according to claim 1, wherein the automatic tracking device is configured to detect a relative movement of an image within the tracking field of view within the imaging plane. 3. The movement detection means is configured to detect angle information representing a position on the color signal coordinates of a color information signal of an image within the tracking field of view, and angle information on the color signal coordinates of the previous time stored in the storage means. , and detects relative movement of the image within the tracking field of view within the imaging plane based on the angular displacement on the color signal coordinates. 1. An automatic tracking device for the camera according to 1.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59110515A JPS60253887A (en) | 1984-05-30 | 1984-05-30 | Automatic tracking apparatus for camera |
| US07/569,371 US5031049A (en) | 1984-05-25 | 1990-08-14 | Automatic object image follow-up device |
| US07/860,289 US5204749A (en) | 1984-05-25 | 1992-03-20 | Automatic follow-up focus detecting device and automatic follow-up device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59110515A JPS60253887A (en) | 1984-05-30 | 1984-05-30 | Automatic tracking apparatus for camera |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60253887A JPS60253887A (en) | 1985-12-14 |
| JPH0568666B2 true JPH0568666B2 (en) | 1993-09-29 |
Family
ID=14537746
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59110515A Granted JPS60253887A (en) | 1984-05-25 | 1984-05-30 | Automatic tracking apparatus for camera |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60253887A (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5196929A (en) * | 1989-07-05 | 1993-03-23 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Display system of camera having tracking apparatus |
| JP2854359B2 (en) * | 1990-01-24 | 1999-02-03 | 富士通株式会社 | Image processing system |
| JPH04246788A (en) * | 1991-02-01 | 1992-09-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Mobile body identifier |
| JP3298072B2 (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 2002-07-02 | ソニー株式会社 | Video camera system |
| JP2002040321A (en) * | 2000-07-24 | 2002-02-06 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Electronic camera |
| JP4525089B2 (en) * | 2004-01-27 | 2010-08-18 | フジノン株式会社 | Auto focus system |
| JP2007267004A (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-11 | Canon Inc | Imaging apparatus |
-
1984
- 1984-05-30 JP JP59110515A patent/JPS60253887A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60253887A (en) | 1985-12-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |