JPH0564793A - Water purifying treatment device - Google Patents
Water purifying treatment deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0564793A JPH0564793A JP3226804A JP22680491A JPH0564793A JP H0564793 A JPH0564793 A JP H0564793A JP 3226804 A JP3226804 A JP 3226804A JP 22680491 A JP22680491 A JP 22680491A JP H0564793 A JPH0564793 A JP H0564793A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- activated carbon
- zeolite
- treatment
- biological
- holding bed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は水処理装置に係り、特に
高度の浄水処理装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water treatment device, and more particularly to a sophisticated water purification device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に行われている浄水プロセスを図３
に沿って説明する。河川、湖沼から取水した原水が着水
井１に入る。次に原水中の濁質成分（砂、粘土、藻類等
の有機物等）を除去する目的で凝集剤を注入・混合する
混和池２をへてフロック形成池３に入る。フロック形成
池３では、撹拌力と滞留時間により除々にフロックを成
長させる。最大成長したフロックは沈殿池４に入り分離
され、更に沈殿池４で除去できない微フロックを濾過池
５で除去する。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 shows a commonly used water purification process.
Follow along. Raw water taken from rivers and lakes enters landing well 1. Next, the flocculation basin 3 is entered through the mixing basin 2 into which the coagulant is injected and mixed for the purpose of removing turbid components (sand, clay, organic matter such as algae) in the raw water. In the floc formation pond 3, flocs are gradually grown by the stirring force and the residence time. The flocs with the maximum growth enter the sedimentation tank 4 and are separated, and fine flocs that cannot be removed by the sedimentation tank 4 are removed by the filtration tank 5.
【０００３】このプロセスで殺藻処理、鉄、マンガン、
色度分解・除去を目的とした塩素処理が組み込まれてい
る。特に、大都市近郊においては、河川・湖沼の汚濁が
著しく、アンモニアの含有率が高く、更に発ガン性物質
のＴＨＭ（トリハロメタン）の前駆物質であるフミン質
を含む色度成分も高い。高含有の両者に塩素処理を行っ
た場合、アンモニアと反応してクロラミンを生成し、必
要以上の塩素を消費してしまう。その結果、塩素注入率
が高くなりＴＨＭ生成能（ＴＨＭＦＰ）が増大する。こ
の様な背景から近年では、一般的な浄水プロセスに上述
した物質の除去目的として高度処理を組み込む方式が行
われる様になってきた。In this process, algicidal treatment, iron, manganese,
Chlorine treatment is incorporated for the purpose of color separation and removal. Particularly in the suburbs of large cities, pollution of rivers and lakes is significant, the content of ammonia is high, and the chromaticity component containing humic substances, which are precursors of the carcinogenic THM (trihalomethane), is also high. When both of the high contents are chlorinated, they react with ammonia to produce chloramine and consume more chlorine than necessary. As a result, the chlorine injection rate increases and the THM generation capacity (THMFP) increases. From such a background, in recent years, a method of incorporating advanced treatment into a general water purification process has been used for the purpose of removing the above-mentioned substances.
【０００４】高度処理とは、塩素処理の代替としてオゾ
ン処理塔６によるオゾン単独処理があり、健康に有害な
微量物質を除去するために活性炭処理塔７による活性炭
単独処理がある。更に、この両者の特長を生かした組合
せ処理もある。このオゾン処理塔６と活性炭処理塔７に
よって高度浄水処理部８が形成される。The advanced treatment includes an ozone single treatment by the ozone treatment tower 6 as an alternative to the chlorine treatment, and an activated carbon single treatment by the activated carbon treatment tower 7 to remove a trace substance harmful to health. Furthermore, there is a combination process that makes the best use of the features of both. The ozone treatment tower 6 and the activated carbon treatment tower 7 form a highly purified water treatment unit 8.
【０００５】しかしながら、アンモニアに関しては両者
の処理を行ってもほんど除去できなく、除去するために
は生物処理（主に硝化菌等）を行わなければならない。
現在行われて入る生物処理は、取水した原水を空気を贈
り曝気処理（好気処理）によって微生物を繁殖させ、生
物の代謝能によってアンモニアを除去している。しか
し、この方式では、浄水場の施設に余裕があれば良好な
方式であるが、施設に制限がある場合、この方式を採用
できない。その結果、最良の手段として考えられた方式
が生物活性炭処理であった。However, ammonia cannot be removed even if both treatments are carried out, and biological treatment (mainly nitrifying bacteria etc.) must be carried out to remove it.
The biological treatment that is currently carried out is to give air to the raw water that has been taken in, to aerate (aerobic treatment) to breed microorganisms, and to remove ammonia by the metabolic ability of the organism. However, this method is a good one if there is a room in the water purification plant, but this method cannot be adopted if there are restrictions on the facilities. As a result, the method considered as the best method was biological activated carbon treatment.
【０００６】生物活性炭処理とは、高度処理プロセスに
おける活性炭処理の変法で活性炭表面に微生物を繁殖さ
せ、流入水中のアンモニアを除去し、更に微量有機物も
吸着・除去できる。この方法では、未だ確立されていな
い。即ち活性炭の吸着能（被過：目的対象物質差の除去
しきい値をこえた時の通水総量または一定通水両におけ
る通水時間）には限界があり、いかに高効率で長寿命を
維持できるかが課題となっている。このように、高度浄
水処理は上述した手段を色々の組合せを駆使して研究が
行われている。The biological activated carbon treatment is a modified method of the activated carbon treatment in the advanced treatment process, in which microorganisms are propagated on the surface of the activated carbon to remove ammonia in the inflow water, and further, trace organic substances can be adsorbed and removed. This method has not yet been established. In other words, there is a limit to the adsorption capacity of activated carbon (permeation: total amount of water passing when the removal threshold for the difference of target substances or water passing time during constant water passing) is limited, and how highly efficient and long life can be maintained. The issue is whether it can be done. As described above, the advanced water purification treatment has been studied by making various combinations of the above-mentioned means.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上水道の分野で用いら
れている活性炭は、主にヤシ殻系の活性炭が大部分を占
めており、その他石炭系、石油系も用いられている。今
後、河川、湖沼の水質汚濁が改善されない限り、これら
の活性炭の需要も増大することが予想される。従って、
各種活性炭の吸着・除去特性を明確にすることが、今後
の高度浄水処理における効率的かつ低コストを目指す上
で重要となる。The activated carbon used in the field of water supply is mainly coconut shell type activated carbon, and other types such as coal type and petroleum type are also used. It is expected that demand for these activated carbons will increase unless water pollution of rivers and lakes is improved. Therefore,
It is important to clarify the adsorption / removal characteristics of various activated carbons in order to achieve efficient and low cost in future advanced water purification treatment.
【０００８】活性炭の吸着・除去目的物質としては、
（１）トリハロメタンに代表される変異原微量物質，
（２）色度成分であるフミン酸，フルボ酸，（３）異臭
味の原因である２−メチルイソボルネオール，ジェオス
ミン，（４）生物活性炭によるアンモニア等であり、上
水分野における活性炭の果す役割は大きい。[0008] As a target substance for adsorption / removal of activated carbon,
(1) Mutagenic trace substances represented by trihalomethane,
(2) Humic acid, fulvic acid, which are chromaticity components, (3) 2-methylisoborneol, geosmine, which are the cause of off-flavor, (4) Ammonia by biological activated carbon, etc. Is big.
【０００９】しかしながら、活性炭本来の役割は、上述
した（１）〜（３）の物質の吸着が主目的で、（４）は
硝化菌等の微生物を捕捉する担体の働きしかない。従っ
て、アンモニア除去能は活性炭に捕捉された微生物量に
依存する。However, the original role of activated carbon is mainly to adsorb the substances (1) to (3) described above, and (4) has only the function of a carrier for capturing microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria. Therefore, the ability to remove ammonia depends on the amount of microorganisms trapped on the activated carbon.
【００１０】そのため、硝化細菌は立ち上げ（過渡期）
から定常期（除去量の安定化）に達するまでにかなりの
時間が必要で、また微生物に対してなんらかの影響（水
温の低下，毒性物質の混入）により活性が低下した場
合、活性を素早く維持・回復できる手段がない。特に水
温の変化により硝化細菌の活性が著しくなり、水温１０
℃（冬期）の硝化速度（単位活性炭充填量・単位流量当
りの除去量）と水温２０℃の硝化速度には１０倍以上違
う。Therefore, nitrifying bacteria are started up (transition period)
It takes a considerable amount of time to reach the stationary phase (stabilization of the amount removed), and when the activity decreases due to some effect on the microorganism (lowering of water temperature, contamination of toxic substances), the activity is quickly maintained. There is no way to recover. Especially when the water temperature changes, the activity of nitrifying bacteria becomes remarkable and
The nitrification rate at ℃ (winter season) (amount of activated carbon filled / removed amount per unit flow rate) and the nitrification rate at a water temperature of 20 ° C differ by more than 10 times.
【００１１】本発明は上述のも問題点に鑑みてなされた
もので、その目的は、高度浄水処理部の活性炭処理塔に
ゼオライト保持床を組込むことにより高信頼性の浄水処
理装置を提供することである。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a highly reliable water purification apparatus by incorporating a zeolite holding bed in an activated carbon treatment tower of an advanced water treatment section. Is.
【００１２】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記目的を達
成するために、被処理水を活性炭を充填した活性炭処理
塔内に通水して浄水する浄水処理装置において、活性炭
を充填部と、前記活性炭保持床としてのゼオライトを収
納してなるゼオライト保持床とからなる高度浄水部を設
ける。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a water purification apparatus for purifying water by passing the water to be treated into an activated carbon treatment tower filled with activated carbon, and purifying the activated carbon with a filling section. An advanced water purification section is provided, which comprises a zeolite holding bed containing zeolite as the activated carbon holding bed.
【００１３】[0013]
【作用】ゼオライト保持床は活性炭の系外流出を防止
し、ゼオライトのアンモニア吸着性を利用して初期立上
げ期を不要とする。また、生物活性炭処理の定常期にお
いて、原水中のアンモニア濃度が急激に高くなった時、
生物処理の緩衝性をもたせるためにゼオライト保持床
（補助材）が作用し、生物ゼオライト保持床として用い
ることで低水温時の硝化速度が向上する。[Function] The zeolite holding bed prevents the activated carbon from flowing out of the system, and makes use of the ammonia adsorption property of the zeolite to eliminate the need for the initial start-up period. Also, during the stationary phase of biological activated carbon treatment, when the ammonia concentration in raw water suddenly increased,
A zeolite holding bed (auxiliary material) acts to provide a buffering property for biological treatment, and the use as a biological zeolite holding bed improves the nitrification rate at low water temperature.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】以下に本発明の実施例を図１〜図２を参照し
ながら説明する。図１は本発明の実施例による浄水処理
装置の要部を示すもので、図３のものにおいて活性炭処
理塔７の代わりに生物活性炭処理部１１を用いる。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a main part of a water purification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, a biological activated carbon treatment section 11 is used instead of the activated carbon treatment tower 7.
【００１５】本実施例においては、図１に示すように、
高度浄水処理部をオゾン処理塔と、活性炭充填部９とゼ
オライト保持床１０からなる生物活性炭処理塔１１によ
って構成する。すなわち、生物活性炭処理塔１１はアン
モニアの選択的吸着特性に優れたゼオライト（合成ゼオ
ライトも可）と活性炭による二層式活性炭処理装置であ
る。In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The advanced water treatment section is composed of an ozone treatment tower and a biological activated carbon treatment tower 11 including an activated carbon filling section 9 and a zeolite holding bed 10. That is, the biological activated carbon treatment tower 11 is a two-layer type activated carbon treatment device using zeolite (also synthetic zeolite is possible) excellent in the selective adsorption property of ammonia and activated carbon.
【００１６】ゼオライトは、活性炭に劣らない吸着特性
（イオン交換特性）を示す材料であり、特にアンモニア
に関しては優れている。このゼオライトを生物処理の担
体として用いると図２のような働きをする。Zeolite is a material exhibiting adsorption characteristics (ion exchange characteristics) comparable to activated carbon, and is excellent especially for ammonia. When this zeolite is used as a carrier for biological treatment, it functions as shown in FIG.
【００１７】＜ゼオライトを担体とした生物処理のメカ
ニズム＞原水中のアンモニアイオンはゼオライトに一旦
吸着（イオン交換特性）される。次に、吸着したアンモ
ニアイオンは担体表面に捕捉されている硝化性細菌（亜
硝酸細菌，硝化細菌）の基質となり生物反応で亜硝酸か
ら硝酸に変化する。ここでアンモニアが硝酸に変化する
とゼオライトは硝酸を吸着せず処理水と共に系外に流出
する。従って、常にゼオライトは生物相の働きにより浄
化され、ある種の触媒作用を生じる。<Mechanism of Biological Treatment Using Zeolite as Carrier> Ammonia ions in raw water are once adsorbed on zeolite (ion exchange characteristic). Next, the adsorbed ammonia ions serve as a substrate for nitrifying bacteria (nitrite bacteria, nitrifying bacteria) captured on the surface of the carrier, and change from nitrite to nitric acid by a biological reaction. Here, when the ammonia changes to nitric acid, the zeolite does not adsorb nitric acid and flows out of the system together with the treated water. Therefore, the zeolite is always purified by the action of the biota, resulting in some catalytic action.
【００１８】＜ゼオライト担体を組み込んだ活性炭処理
装置の構成＞この作用を応用して活性炭処理装置に組み
込むと図１に示すような構成になる。 本装置は、活性
炭処理塔の深層部にゼオライト、上層部に活性炭を充填
する。深層部のゼオライトの作用は活性炭の保持床の働
きを有し、活性炭の系外への流出を極力防止する。ま
た、ゼオライトの充填量として全充填容積当り５〜２０
％程度充填する。<Structure of Activated Carbon Treatment Apparatus Incorporating Zeolite Carrier> When this effect is applied and incorporated in an activated carbon treatment apparatus, a configuration as shown in FIG. 1 is obtained. In this device, zeolite is packed in the deep layer of the activated carbon treatment tower and activated carbon is packed in the upper layer. The action of zeolite in the deep layer acts as a holding bed for activated carbon, and prevents activated carbon from flowing out of the system as much as possible. Moreover, as a filling amount of zeolite, it is 5 to 20 per total filling volume.
Fill about%.
【００１９】＜生物活性炭の初期運転立ち上げ時のゼオ
ライトの作用＞生物活性炭処理において、前段でオゾン
処理や前塩素処理を行うと殺菌作用によって硝化細菌等
の増殖に著しく影響する。その結果、原水中のアンモニ
アの除去がしにくく定常状態までに達するまでに３０日
以上の時間が必要とされた。この問題点を解決するため
に、活性炭保持床のゼオライト層が働く。即ち、活性炭
層の生物相が増殖期にあるときゼオライト保持床が原水
中のアンモニアを吸着（イオン交換性）することで速通
水を開始でき、処理水中のアンモニア濃度を低減する。<Effect of Zeolite at Initial Startup of Biological Activated Carbon> In the treatment of biological activated carbon, if ozone treatment or prechlorination is performed in the previous stage, the bactericidal action significantly affects the growth of nitrifying bacteria and the like. As a result, it was difficult to remove ammonia in the raw water, and it took 30 days or more to reach a steady state. To solve this problem, the zeolite layer of the activated carbon holding bed works. That is, when the biota of the activated carbon layer is in the growth phase, the zeolite holding bed adsorbs ammonia in the raw water (ion exchangeability), so that rapid water flow can be started and the ammonia concentration in the treated water is reduced.
【００２０】＜生物活性炭処理の定常期におけるゼオラ
イトの作用＞特に河川から取水する浄水場では、原水中
のアンモニア濃度が様々な諸因子により変動する。<Effect of Zeolite in Steady Phase of Biological Activated Carbon Treatment> Especially, in a water treatment plant where water is taken from a river, the concentration of ammonia in raw water varies depending on various factors.
【００２１】例えば、季節変化や水温変動，渇水等が上
げられ定常期には考えられない様な瞬時の高濃度アンモ
ニアも流入する場合がある。その時に、生物相に急激な
負荷を与えても処理量に限度（硝化速度値）があり、こ
れを補う働きをするのが生物ゼオライト保持床である。For example, there is a case in which instantaneous high-concentration ammonia, which cannot be considered in the stationary period, flows in due to seasonal changes, water temperature fluctuations, droughts, and the like. At that time, even if a rapid load is applied to the biota, there is a limit to the treatment amount (nitrification rate value), and the biozeolite holding bed serves to supplement this.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】本発明は、以上の如くであって、活性炭
の系外流出を防止する働きである保持床にゼオライトを
用い、ゼオライト（合成品の可）のアンモニア吸着特性
を利用し、生物処理で問題となっていた初期立ち上げ期
を必要としない。また、生物活性炭処理の定常期におい
て、原水中のアンモニア濃度が急激に高くなった時、生
物処理の緩衝性をもたせるためにゼオライト保持床（補
助材）が作用すると共に生物ゼオライト保持床として用
いることで低水温時の硝化速度が向上する等の効果が得
られる。As described above, the present invention uses zeolite for the holding bed, which has a function of preventing activated carbon from flowing out of the system, and utilizes the ammonia adsorption property of zeolite (synthesized product is possible). It does not require the initial start-up period, which was a problem in processing. When the concentration of ammonia in raw water suddenly rises during the stationary phase of biological activated carbon treatment, the zeolite holding bed (auxiliary material) acts as a buffer for biological treatment, and it is used as a biological zeolite holding bed. Thus, effects such as improvement in nitrification rate at low water temperature can be obtained.
【図１】本発明の実施例による浄水処理装置の要部構成
図。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of main parts of a water purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】生物処理メカニズムの説明図。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a biological treatment mechanism.
【図３】従来の浄水処理装置のブロック図。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a conventional water purification device.
１…着水井，２…混和池，３…フロック形成池，４…沈
殿池，５…濾過池，６…オゾン接触塔，８…浄水処理
部，９…活性炭充填部，１０…ゼオライト保持床，１１
…生物活性炭処理部。1 ... Landing well, 2 ... Mixing pond, 3 ... Flock formation pond, 4 ... Sedimentation pond, 5 ... Filtration pond, 6 ... Ozone contact tower, 8 ... Water treatment section, 9 ... Activated carbon filling section, 10 ... Zeolite holding bed, 11
… Bioactive carbon treatment department.
Claims (1)
塔内に通水して浄水する浄水処理装置において、活性炭
を充填部と、前記活性炭保持床としてのゼオライトを収
納してなるゼオライト保持床とからなる高度浄水部を備
えたことを特徴とする浄水処理装置。1. A water purification apparatus for purifying water to be treated by passing it through an activated carbon treatment tower filled with activated carbon, and a zeolite holding bed containing activated carbon as a filling portion and zeolite as the activated carbon holding bed. A water purification device characterized by having an advanced water purification section consisting of.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3226804A JPH0564793A (en) | 1991-09-06 | 1991-09-06 | Water purifying treatment device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3226804A JPH0564793A (en) | 1991-09-06 | 1991-09-06 | Water purifying treatment device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0564793A true JPH0564793A (en) | 1993-03-19 |
Family
ID=16850871
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3226804A Pending JPH0564793A (en) | 1991-09-06 | 1991-09-06 | Water purifying treatment device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0564793A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005342652A (en) * | 2004-06-04 | 2005-12-15 | Fuji Clean Kogyo Kk | Water treatment apparatus |
| WO2006119678A1 (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2006-11-16 | Shixiong Huang | An equipment for removing nitrogen and ammonia involved in the water which is made from a water-making machine |
| JP2009101269A (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-05-14 | Sharp Corp | Odor treatment method and system, and rearing system |
-
1991
- 1991-09-06 JP JP3226804A patent/JPH0564793A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005342652A (en) * | 2004-06-04 | 2005-12-15 | Fuji Clean Kogyo Kk | Water treatment apparatus |
| JP4532172B2 (en) * | 2004-06-04 | 2010-08-25 | フジクリーン工業株式会社 | Water treatment equipment |
| WO2006119678A1 (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2006-11-16 | Shixiong Huang | An equipment for removing nitrogen and ammonia involved in the water which is made from a water-making machine |
| JP2009101269A (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-05-14 | Sharp Corp | Odor treatment method and system, and rearing system |
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