JPH0564575B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0564575B2 JPH0564575B2 JP62031116A JP3111687A JPH0564575B2 JP H0564575 B2 JPH0564575 B2 JP H0564575B2 JP 62031116 A JP62031116 A JP 62031116A JP 3111687 A JP3111687 A JP 3111687A JP H0564575 B2 JPH0564575 B2 JP H0564575B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- section
- extrusion
- slit
- shearing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006038 crystalline resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical group O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/919—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling using a bath, e.g. extruding into an open bath to coagulate or cool the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/911—Cooling
- B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、熱可塑性樹脂を成形材料として樹脂
シート、フイルム等を製造する方法に係り、各種
包装用等に利用できる熱可塑性樹脂シート類の製
造方法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing resin sheets, films, etc. using thermoplastic resin as a molding material, and relates to a method of manufacturing resin sheets, films, etc. using thermoplastic resin as a molding material. Regarding the manufacturing method.
従来より、ポリプロピレンやポリエチレン等の
結晶性熱可塑性樹脂は、熱可塑性による成形の容
易性からシートとして、また容器として各種包装
分野等に利用されている。
BACKGROUND ART Crystalline thermoplastic resins such as polypropylene and polyethylene have been used in various packaging fields as sheets and containers because of their thermoplasticity and ease of molding.
ところで、前記ポリプロピレン等に代表される
結晶性熱可塑性樹脂シート類の製造においては、
このシート類の透明性を改善するために急冷して
結晶形態を制御することが行われている。このよ
うな急冷法としては、水冷が最も効率的である
が、押出ダイより押し出された樹脂膜状体を均一
に冷却することが困難であるという問題があり、
そこで、本出願人は樹脂膜状体を均一に水冷する
方法として冷却水の流下する多段スリツトを用い
る方法を既に提案した（特開昭57−86475号）。 By the way, in the production of crystalline thermoplastic resin sheets such as polypropylene,
In order to improve the transparency of these sheets, rapid cooling is performed to control the crystal morphology. Water cooling is the most efficient method for such rapid cooling, but there is a problem in that it is difficult to uniformly cool the resin film extruded from the extrusion die.
Therefore, the present applicant has already proposed a method using multistage slits through which cooling water flows as a method for uniformly cooling a resin film (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 86475/1983).
しかしながら、前記方法により冷却条件等を制
御しても、その冷却効果には自ずと限界があり、
成形品としての樹脂シート類の透明性、表面均一
性等は必ずしも満足できるものではなかつた。 However, even if the cooling conditions are controlled using the above method, there is a limit to the cooling effect.
The transparency, surface uniformity, etc. of resin sheets as molded products are not always satisfactory.
そこで、本発明者達が種々研究した結果、押し
出しした樹脂膜状体が冷却水に接する前の溶融樹
脂の段階、すなわち、樹脂押出装置への材料供給
から押し出しまでの段階における押出条件の影響
が大きいことを見出し、この押出条件とスリツト
水冷法とを組み合わせて用いる方法を提案した
（特開昭60−287512号、同61−202146）。本発明は
さらに押出条件を検討した結果、より優れた押出
条件を見出したものである。 Therefore, as a result of various studies conducted by the present inventors, we have found that the influence of extrusion conditions at the stage of molten resin before the extruded resin film comes into contact with cooling water, that is, the stage from material supply to the resin extrusion device to extrusion. They found that the extrusion conditions were large and proposed a method using a combination of these extrusion conditions and a slit water cooling method (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open Nos. 60-287512 and 61-202146). In the present invention, as a result of further examination of extrusion conditions, more excellent extrusion conditions were discovered.
本発明の目的は、特定の条件に設定された押出
装置を用いた押出成形と、特定の水冷条件との組
み合わせにより、透明性、特に表面ヘイズの低い
樹脂シート類を安定性よく高速押出により製造す
る方法を提供することにある。
The purpose of the present invention is to produce resin sheets with good transparency, especially low surface haze, by extrusion molding using an extrusion device set to specific conditions and specific water cooling conditions with good stability and high speed extrusion. The goal is to provide a way to do so.
本発明は、樹脂供給側から樹脂押出側に向かつ
て順次、供給部、圧縮部、計量部、混合部、剪断
部および応力緩和部を有する樹脂押出装置を用い
て熱可塑性樹脂を膜状体として押し出し、この樹
脂膜状体を冷却水の流下するスリツト中に導入
し、さらに冷却水の流下方向に走行させて冷却す
ることを特徴とするものである。
The present invention uses a resin extrusion device that has a supply section, a compression section, a metering section, a mixing section, a shearing section, and a stress relaxation section sequentially from the resin supply side to the resin extrusion side to form a thermoplastic resin into a film-like body. The resin film is extruded, introduced into a slit through which cooling water flows, and further cooled by running in the direction of the cooling water.
要するに、本発明は、水冷効果の限界が樹脂押
出成形段階の押出条件と互いに密接に関連し合う
点に着目し、樹脂押出装置において、例えば特定
のスクリユー構造を採用する一方、水冷装置にお
いては、樹脂を所定スリツトに導入するようにし
て樹脂の十分な冷却を行い、得られる樹脂シート
類の透明性等を飛躍的に改善することにより前記
目的を達成しようとするものである。 In short, the present invention focuses on the point that the limit of the water cooling effect is closely related to the extrusion conditions at the resin extrusion molding stage, and employs, for example, a specific screw structure in the resin extrusion device, while in the water cooling device, The above object is achieved by sufficiently cooling the resin by introducing it into a predetermined slit, and dramatically improving the transparency, etc. of the resulting resin sheets.
以下、本発明の一実施例を添付図面に基づいて
説明する。
Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.
まず、本発明で用いる熱可塑性樹脂としては、
ポリプロピレン系樹脂、例えばポリプロピレンの
ホモ重合体、あるいはプロピレンと20％以下の他
のα−オレフインとのランダム共重合体、さらに
これらのブレンドが該当し、このブレンドには多
段重合法で得られるブレンドも含まれる。その他
にもポリエチレン、ポリエステル、ポリアミド等
の結晶性樹脂がある。さらに、これらに類似の樹
脂、無水マレイン酸等をグラフト変性したポリオ
レフイン樹脂等の接着性樹脂、エチレン−酢酸ビ
ニル共重合体等の易溶着性樹脂、エチレン−ビニ
ルアルコール共重合体、ポリアミド、ポリエチレ
ンテレフタレート等のガスバリア樹脂等との共押
出多層シートにも適用可能である。なお、共押出
多層シートの場合には、例えばポリプロピレンの
ように、多層シートの主要構成成分の押し出しに
本発明押出装置を用いる。 First, the thermoplastic resin used in the present invention is
Polypropylene resins, such as homopolymers of polypropylene, random copolymers of propylene and 20% or less of other α-olefins, and blends thereof, including blends obtained by multi-stage polymerization. included. There are other crystalline resins such as polyethylene, polyester, and polyamide. Furthermore, resins similar to these, adhesive resins such as polyolefin resins graft-modified with maleic anhydride, easily weldable resins such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate, etc. It is also applicable to coextruded multilayer sheets with gas barrier resins such as In the case of a coextruded multilayer sheet, the extrusion apparatus of the present invention is used to extrude the main constituent components of the multilayer sheet, such as polypropylene.
第１図には本実施例に用いられる押出装置１が
示されている。この押出装置１は、樹脂ペレツト
供給用のホツパ２を備えたシリンダ３と、このシ
リンダ３内に装備されたスクリユー４とを含んで
構成されている。 FIG. 1 shows an extrusion device 1 used in this embodiment. This extrusion device 1 includes a cylinder 3 equipped with a hopper 2 for supplying resin pellets, and a screw 4 installed inside the cylinder 3.
前記スクリユー４は、樹脂供給側から樹脂押出
側に向かつて順次、供給部１１、圧縮部１２、計
量部１３、混合部１４、剪断部１５および応力緩
和部１６が設けられている。 The screw 4 is provided with a supply section 11, a compression section 12, a measuring section 13, a mixing section 14, a shearing section 15, and a stress relaxation section 16 in this order from the resin supply side to the resin extrusion side.
前記供給部１１では、ホツパ２より供給された
樹脂ペレツトが加熱されながら、スクリユーの推
進力により圧縮部１２へ圧送される。供給部１１
は、通常は圧縮比１の一定溝深さのものである。
なお、供給部１１のホツパ下方部分のシリンダ内
壁には溝加工がされていてもよい。これにより樹
脂押出量の増大ができる。また、圧縮部１２は通
常スクリユーの溝深さが順次浅くなり、溶融可塑
化されながら圧縮されるものであり、圧縮比は２
〜４、好ましくは２〜３である。圧縮比が４を越
えると圧縮部１２の終端部での剪断応力が大きく
なり樹脂温度の上昇、剪断応力の蓄積、ブレーク
アツプ現象等が生じて好ましくない。次に、計量
部１３は、通常は一定溝深さであり、圧縮部での
溶融が不完全な場合には、溶融可塑化を促進する
ものである。本発明の計量部は通常のものより比
較的溝深さは深く、３〜15mmである。 In the supply section 11, the resin pellets supplied from the hopper 2 are heated and pumped to the compression section 12 by the driving force of the screw. Supply section 11
usually has a compression ratio of 1 and a constant groove depth.
Note that the inner wall of the cylinder below the hopper of the supply section 11 may be grooved. This makes it possible to increase the amount of resin extruded. In addition, the compression part 12 is usually compressed while the groove depth of the screw becomes gradually shallower and is melted and plasticized, and the compression ratio is 2.
-4, preferably 2-3. If the compression ratio exceeds 4, the shear stress at the end of the compression section 12 will increase, resulting in an increase in resin temperature, accumulation of shear stress, break-up phenomenon, etc., which is undesirable. Next, the metering section 13 usually has a constant groove depth and promotes melting and plasticization when melting in the compressed section is incomplete. The groove depth of the measuring section of the present invention is relatively deeper than that of a conventional measuring section, and is 3 to 15 mm.
混合部１４は計量部１３から送られた可塑化樹
脂を混合するものであり、特に高速押出成形の場
合の未溶融樹脂層（ソリツドベツド）を分断、破
壊する作用を有するものである。ここで混合部分
１４としては特に制限はなく、歯車型、ダルメー
ジ、切れ目を有する逆ネジ、多ピン型等があり、
主として未溶融樹脂層の分断、破壊を行うもので
あり、高剪断による練り作用は比較的小さく、剪
断力による樹脂の発熱異常等は生じないものであ
る。なかでも、歯車型混合部は、構造が簡単で、
加工が容易なこと、ソリツドベツドの分断、破壊
作用が確実なこと、剪断作用が低いこと等多くの
特徴があるため好ましい。なお、歯車型混合部に
おける歯車型の種類としては、平歯車型で十分で
あるが、ハスバ歯車型等混合部１４を樹脂が通過
するときに分断されるものであれば特に制限され
るものではない。次に混合部１４を平歯車型とし
た場合の具体的数値例について説明する。歯車の
山の数、厚み、山の頂部とシリンダ３とのクリア
ランス等は、熱可塑性樹脂の種類、スクリユーが
用いられる成形の種類、成形条件、スクリユーの
サイズ（直径＝Ｄ）等によつて異なるものであ
る。しかし一般的には、歯車の山頂とシリンダ３
とのクリアランスは、0.1〜３mmとする。0.1mm以
下だと剪断作用が強くなり、３mmを越えると分
断、破壊作用が弱くなり好ましくはない。また、
歯厚みは、0.1〜1Dの範囲であり、分断作用の点
からは0.5D以下で十分である。また歯車は複数
枚でもよい。 The mixing section 14 mixes the plasticized resin sent from the measuring section 13, and has the function of dividing and destroying the unmelted resin layer (solid bed) especially in the case of high-speed extrusion molding. Here, the mixing part 14 is not particularly limited, and may be a gear type, a dalmage, a reverse thread with a cut, a multi-pin type, etc.
It mainly divides and destroys the unmolten resin layer, and the kneading effect due to high shear is relatively small, and abnormal heating of the resin due to shear force does not occur. Among them, the gear type mixing part has a simple structure,
It is preferable because it has many characteristics such as easy processing, reliable breaking and breaking action of solid beds, and low shearing action. In addition, as for the type of gear type in the gear type mixing section, a spur gear type is sufficient, but there is no particular restriction as long as it is a type that is divided when the resin passes through the mixing section 14, such as a helical gear type. do not have. Next, a specific numerical example will be described when the mixing section 14 is of a spur gear type. The number and thickness of the gear ridges, the clearance between the top of the ridges and the cylinder 3, etc. vary depending on the type of thermoplastic resin, the type of molding in which the screw is used, the molding conditions, the size of the screw (diameter = D), etc. It is something. However, in general, the top of the gear and the cylinder 3
The clearance between the two shall be 0.1-3mm. If it is less than 0.1 mm, the shearing action will be strong, and if it exceeds 3 mm, the dividing and breaking action will be weak, which is not preferable. Also,
The tooth thickness is in the range of 0.1 to 1D, and 0.5D or less is sufficient from the viewpoint of dividing action. Further, the number of gears may be plural.
混合部１４で混合された樹脂は、必要により混
合部１４と剪断部１６との間に設けられる円筒状
の圧力解放部１７を通り、剪断部１５に送られ
る。剪断部１５は、比較的短時間の剪断により溶
融樹脂の均一溶融、樹脂温度の均一化といつた作
用を有するものである。ここで、剪断部１５とし
ては、トーピード、せき止めリング、マードツ
ク、トレスター等があり、剪断部１５とシリンダ
３との間の小さなクリアランスにより、樹脂の流
動障害が生じ、剪断が大きくなるようなものであ
れば特に制限はない。しかし、一般的には、構造
簡単、加工性の点からトーピードが好適に使用さ
れる。ここで、トーピードとしては、その長さ
は、スクリユー直径（Ｄ）の0.05〜２倍、好まし
くは0.1〜１倍であり、トーピードとシリンダ３
とのクリアランスは0.3〜６mm、好ましくは0.5〜
４mmである。しかしながらこれらの値は、スクリ
ユーのサイズ、トーピードの長さとクリアランス
との組み合わせ、樹脂の種類等によつて最適なも
のを選定すればよく、必ずしもこれらの数値に捕
らわれることはない。また、圧力解放部１７は、
混合部１４と剪断部１５との構造上のつなぎとし
ての役目の他、混合部１４を通過した樹脂が直ち
に剪断部１５に送られると、剪断部１５での樹脂
の通過が困難になり易いため、円筒部１７のよう
な解放部を設けることにより〓断部１５における
樹脂の通過を容易にできるという役目を有する。 The resin mixed in the mixing section 14 is sent to the shearing section 15 through a cylindrical pressure release section 17 provided between the mixing section 14 and the shearing section 16 if necessary. The shearing section 15 has the function of uniformly melting the molten resin and making the resin temperature uniform by shearing in a relatively short period of time. Here, the shearing part 15 includes a torpedo, a dam ring, a muddock, a trestar, etc., and a small clearance between the shearing part 15 and the cylinder 3 causes resin flow obstruction and increases shearing. There are no particular restrictions. However, in general, a torpedo is preferably used because of its simple structure and workability. Here, the length of the torpedo is 0.05 to 2 times, preferably 0.1 to 1 time, the screw diameter (D), and the torpedo and cylinder
Clearance between 0.3~6mm, preferably 0.5~
It is 4mm. However, these values are not necessarily limited to these values, as they may be optimally selected depending on the size of the screw, the combination of torpedo length and clearance, the type of resin, etc. Moreover, the pressure release part 17 is
In addition to serving as a structural link between the mixing section 14 and the shearing section 15, if the resin that has passed through the mixing section 14 is immediately sent to the shearing section 15, it will likely become difficult for the resin to pass through the shearing section 15. By providing a release portion such as the cylindrical portion 17, the resin can easily pass through the cutting portion 15.
本発明に用いる押出装置１は、以上詳述したよ
うに、特に剪断部１５の前に低剪断の混合部１４
を設けることによつてソリツドヘツドを分断、破
壊することにより剪断部１５へ多量の未溶融樹脂
が移送されることを防いだことに特徴を有してい
る。従つて、前記供給部１１、圧縮部１２、計量
部１３の長さは、樹脂の種類等を考慮して任意に
決定すればよい。しかしながら、本発明では、混
合部１４を設けることにより、計量部１３までの
スクリユー長さを比較的長くしなくても押出安定
性よく高速成形できる。 As detailed above, the extrusion device 1 used in the present invention has a low shear mixing section 14 in particular before the shearing section 15.
It is characterized in that a large amount of unmelted resin is prevented from being transferred to the shearing section 15 by dividing and breaking the solid head by providing the solid head. Therefore, the lengths of the supply section 11, compression section 12, and metering section 13 may be arbitrarily determined in consideration of the type of resin, etc. However, in the present invention, by providing the mixing section 14, high-speed molding with good extrusion stability can be achieved without making the screw length up to the measuring section 13 relatively long.
次に、剪断部１５において均一混練された樹脂
は、剪断により剪断応力が残留しているので、こ
れをそのままダイより押出成形すると、ダイ出口
での急激な応力緩和により、表面特性が低下し、
透明性、光沢等に優れたシート類を製造すること
ができない。従つて、本発明に用いる押出装置１
にあつては、剪断部１５を通つた樹脂は、次の応
力緩和部１６により、残留剪断応力を緩和した後
ダイより押し出される。 Next, the resin uniformly kneaded in the shearing section 15 has residual shear stress due to shearing, so if this resin is extruded from the die as it is, the surface properties will deteriorate due to sudden stress relaxation at the die exit.
It is not possible to produce sheets with excellent transparency, gloss, etc. Therefore, the extrusion device 1 used in the present invention
In this case, the resin that has passed through the shearing section 15 is extruded from the die after the residual shearing stress is relieved by the next stress relaxation section 16.
応力緩和部１６の領域におけるスクリユーの圧
縮比は２〜0.5、好ましくは1.6〜0.8であり、ここ
で溶融樹脂の計量（吐出量の調整）が行われると
ともに、溶融樹脂中に残留する剪断応力が緩和さ
れ、さらに、溶融樹脂の冷却の均一化も行われ
る。この応力緩和部１６の長さは、その構造によ
つても異なるが、緩和が十分に達成される長さ、
通常、スクリユー直径Ｄの４〜20倍である。この
応力緩和部１６では残留剪断応力を除去すること
が主目的であり、高混練、高剪断は生じないよう
な構造とされている。 The compression ratio of the screw in the area of the stress relaxation section 16 is 2 to 0.5, preferably 1.6 to 0.8, and the molten resin is measured (adjusted the discharge amount) here, and the shear stress remaining in the molten resin is In addition, the molten resin is cooled uniformly. The length of this stress relaxation part 16 varies depending on its structure, but the length is such that sufficient relaxation is achieved.
Usually, it is 4 to 20 times the screw diameter D. The main purpose of this stress relaxation section 16 is to remove residual shear stress, and the structure is such that high kneading and high shear do not occur.
なお、前記応力緩和部１６からダイ側に至る部
分の構造は、例えば第２図、第３図に示される構
造としてもよい。第２図に示される応力緩和部
は、スクリユー４と、シリンダ３のみからなる非
スクリユー部２０との組み合わせからなるもので
あり、さらに第３図に示されるように応力緩和部
の後、または途中にギヤポンプ２１を設けること
によつて定量押出を制御することもできる。ま
た、本明細書中における圧縮比とは、各々の構造
部においてスクリユーのピツチが一定の場合にお
ける「（樹脂流入端部の溝深さ）／（樹脂押出端
部の溝深さ）」を意味する。 The structure of the portion extending from the stress relaxation section 16 to the die side may be, for example, the structure shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The stress relief section shown in FIG. 2 is composed of a screw 4 and a non-screw section 20 consisting of only the cylinder 3, and as shown in FIG. Quantitative extrusion can also be controlled by providing a gear pump 21. In addition, the compression ratio in this specification means "(groove depth at the resin inflow end)/(groove depth at the resin extrusion end)" when the screw pitch is constant in each structural part. do.
前記押出装置１にあつては、スクリユー４の全
長Ｌと直径Ｄとの比Ｌ／Ｄは、15〜40、好ましく
は20〜34となるように設計されている。また、供
給部１１のシリンダ３の内壁（特にライナー部）
には軸方向に溝加工することもでき、これにより
樹脂ペレツトのスムーズな供給が可能になる。 The extrusion device 1 is designed such that the ratio L/D between the overall length L and the diameter D of the screw 4 is 15-40, preferably 20-34. In addition, the inner wall of the cylinder 3 of the supply section 11 (especially the liner section)
The can also be grooved in the axial direction, which allows for smooth feeding of resin pellets.
このような押出装置１において、シリンダ３内
に供給された樹脂は、前記供給部１１、圧縮部１
２、計量部１３、混合部１４、剪断部１５、応力
緩和部１６を介して押出ダイより押し出されるこ
とになる。なお、本発明押出装置１にあつては、
混合部１４と剪断部１５とのそれぞれの樹脂押出
側に、圧力解放部１７，１８を設けることがより
好ましい。 In such an extrusion device 1, the resin supplied into the cylinder 3 is transferred to the supply section 11 and the compression section 1.
2. It is extruded from an extrusion die via a measuring section 13, a mixing section 14, a shearing section 15, and a stress relaxation section 16. In addition, in the case of the extrusion device 1 of the present invention,
It is more preferable to provide pressure release parts 17 and 18 on the resin extrusion sides of the mixing part 14 and the shearing part 15, respectively.
なお、本発明に用いる押出装置１にあつては、
その剪断部１５としてスクリユー４側に設けられ
たトーピードのみでなく、シリンダ壁と組み合わ
されたいわゆる剪断力調整可能なリングバルブで
あつてもよい。 In addition, in the case of the extrusion device 1 used in the present invention,
The shearing portion 15 may be not only a torpedo provided on the screw 4 side, but also a so-called ring valve that is combined with the cylinder wall and whose shearing force can be adjusted.
この場合、供給された樹脂ペレツトは、供給部
１１で加熱されながら圧縮部１２に圧送され、こ
の圧縮部１２で、溶融可塑化されながら計量部１
３へ圧送される。計量部１３では、溶融可塑化を
促進し、混合部１４では、未溶融樹脂層（ソリツ
ドベツド）を分断、破壊し、剪断部１５への未溶
融物の多量（30％以上）の移送を防止し、剪断部
１５でさらに均一に溶融されるとともに樹脂温度
の均一化がなされる。次いで剪断部１５で均一化
された溶融樹脂は、応力緩和部１６に圧送され残
留する剪断応力が緩和されるとともに、樹脂の冷
却、均一化が行われた後、樹脂膜状体としてダイ
から押し出される。 In this case, the supplied resin pellets are heated in the supply section 11 and forced into the compression section 12, where they are melted and plasticized and transferred to the metering section 1.
3. The measuring section 13 promotes melting and plasticization, and the mixing section 14 divides and destroys the unmelted resin layer (solid bed) to prevent a large amount (30% or more) of unmelted material from being transferred to the shearing section 15. , the resin is melted more uniformly in the shearing section 15, and the resin temperature is made uniform. Next, the molten resin homogenized in the shearing section 15 is pumped to the stress relaxation section 16 to relieve the residual shear stress, and after cooling and homogenizing the resin, it is extruded from the die as a resin film. It can be done.
第４図には、前記押出装置１から押し出された
樹脂膜状体を冷却するスリツト冷却装置が示され
ている。このスリツト冷却装置は、前記既提案
（特願昭60−287512号）の装置に対応するもので
あり、前述の押出を実現する押出装置１を備えた
ダイ３０の下方に位置されている。このスリツト
冷却装置は、冷却水が流下するスリツト３１およ
び冷却水を整流するための多孔性整流体３２を備
えた上段水槽３３と、この上段水槽３３の下段側
に配置され前記スリツト３１の真下に位置するス
リツト３５を備えた下段水槽３６と、この下段水
槽３６のさらに下方に配置された水槽３７と、押
し出された樹脂膜状体３８を挟圧して樹脂膜状体
３８の走行速度を一定に維持する挟圧ロール３
９，４０と、水槽３７内を通過された樹脂膜状体
３８を引き取るためのロール４１，４２と、樹脂
膜状体３８を所定熱処理するロール群４３と、水
槽３７内に流下して冷却された冷却水を上段水槽
３３、下段水槽３６に循環させるポンプ４５とを
含んで構成されている。 FIG. 4 shows a slit cooling device for cooling the resin film extruded from the extrusion device 1. This slit cooling device corresponds to the device previously proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 60-287512), and is located below the die 30 equipped with the extrusion device 1 for realizing the extrusion described above. This slit cooling device includes an upper water tank 33 equipped with a slit 31 through which cooling water flows and a porous flow regulating fluid 32 for straightening the cooling water, and a slit located directly below the slit 31 on the lower side of this upper water tank 33. A lower water tank 36 with a slit 35 located therein, a water tank 37 located further below the lower water tank 36, and the extruded resin film 38 are compressed to keep the traveling speed of the resin film 38 constant. Pressure roll 3 to maintain
9, 40, rolls 41, 42 for taking up the resin film-like body 38 passed through the water tank 37, a roll group 43 for subjecting the resin film-like body 38 to a predetermined heat treatment, The pump 45 includes a pump 45 that circulates the cooled water to the upper water tank 33 and the lower water tank 36.
前記スリツト冷却装置において、押出ダイ３０
より押し出された樹脂膜状体３８は、冷却水が流
下する上段水槽３３および下段水槽３６のスリツ
ト３１および３５に導入され、挟圧ロール３９，
４０を介して水槽３７内の冷却水に通し、引き取
りロール４１，４２により引き取つた後、ロール
群４３にて必要により所定の熱処理が行われて樹
脂シート成形が完了する。この際、前記スリツト
３１および３５からの冷却水の流下速度は、樹脂
膜状体３８の走行速度より大とされ、樹脂膜状体
３８に対する接触冷却水の量が増大されて冷却効
果の向上が図られるようになつている。なお、上
段スリツト３１への冷却水の流入は、スリツト入
口部での冷却水の滞留が生じないようにすること
が好ましく、このために上段水槽３３の水位は低
く保つことが必要である。ここにおいて、滞留が
生じると溶融樹脂膜状体３８の不均一冷却を生
じ、外部ヘイズの低いシート類を得ることができ
ない。 In the slit cooling device, an extrusion die 30
The extruded resin film 38 is introduced into the slits 31 and 35 of the upper water tank 33 and the lower water tank 36 through which the cooling water flows, and is passed through the pressure rolls 39,
After passing through the cooling water in the water tank 37 through the cooling water tank 37 and taking it up by take-up rolls 41 and 42, a predetermined heat treatment is performed as necessary by the roll group 43, and the resin sheet molding is completed. At this time, the cooling water flowing down from the slits 31 and 35 is set higher than the traveling speed of the resin film 38, and the amount of cooling water in contact with the resin film 38 is increased, thereby improving the cooling effect. This is becoming more and more important. Note that it is preferable that the cooling water flow into the upper slit 31 so that the cooling water does not stagnate at the slit entrance, and for this purpose it is necessary to keep the water level of the upper water tank 33 low. Here, if stagnation occurs, non-uniform cooling of the molten resin film 38 occurs, making it impossible to obtain sheets with low external haze.
以下に、本発明の熱可塑性樹脂シート類の製造
方法により具体的な実施例を説明する。 Below, specific examples will be described using the method for producing thermoplastic resin sheets of the present invention.
原材料樹脂は、ホモポリプロピレン（密度
0.91g／cm3、メルトインデツクスMI8g／10min、
融点170℃、出光石油化学(株)製造、商品名、出光
ポリプロＦ−700N）であり、この樹脂を以下に
示すスクリユーを有する押出成形装置を用い、樹
脂温度250℃、ダイリツプ温度280℃の条件下で、
Ｔ−ダイより膜状に押し出した。 The raw material resin is homopolypropylene (density
0.91g/ cm3 , melt index MI8g/10min,
Melting point: 170℃, manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Idemitsu Polypro F-700N). This resin was molded using an extrusion molding device with the screw shown below under conditions of a resin temperature of 250℃ and a die lip temperature of 280℃. Below,
It was extruded into a film from a T-die.
＊ スクリユー
直径 Ｄ＝65mm Ｌ／Ｄ＝28
供給部 長さ＝325mm
溝深さ＝10mm
圧縮部 長さ＝520mm
溝深さ＝10→4.5mm（漸減）
計量部 長さ＝345mm
溝深さ＝4.5mm
混合部……（15山、歯たけ3.7mmの平歯車、混
合部軸直交断面における開通面積率、すなわ
ち、〔実際の開通部面積／シリンダ内径断面
積−スクリユー歯底径断面積）〕×100＝70％、
歯山により閉塞される閉塞面積率＝30％）
長さ＝20mm
シリンダとのクリアランス
＝1.3mm
圧力解放部……（円筒）
長さ＝65mm
シリンダとのクリアランス
＝５mm
剪断部…… （トーピード）
長さ＝15mm
シリンダとのクリアランス
＝２mm
応力緩和部 長さ＝530mm
溝深さ＝５mm
＊ ホツパー下方シリンダ内壁に溝加工有
次いで、第４図に示すスリツト冷却装置（上段
スリツト３１の高さ50mm、幅2.5mm、上段水槽３
３の水位５mm、水温５℃、60メツシユ金網２枚重
ね４段整流体３２使用。下段スリツト３５の高さ
10mm、幅５mm、下段水槽３６の水位10mm、水温５
℃）に導入して急冷し、各挟圧ロール３９および
４０により成形し、厚み0.2mmのポリプロピレン
シートを得た。さらに、このシート130℃のロー
ル群４３を用いて熱処理した。* Screw diameter D = 65mm L/D = 28 Supply section length = 325mm Groove depth = 10mm Compression section length = 520mm Groove depth = 10 → 4.5mm (gradual decrease) Measuring section length = 345mm Groove depth = 4.5 mm Mixing part...(15 teeth, 3.7mm tooth depth spur gear, open area ratio in the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the mixing part, i.e., [actual open part area/cylinder inner diameter cross-sectional area - screw tooth root diameter cross-sectional area)] x 100=70%,
(Percentage of area blocked by gears = 30%) Length = 20mm Clearance with cylinder = 1.3mm Pressure release part... (Cylinder) Length = 65mm Clearance with cylinder = 5mm Shearing part... (Torpedo) Length Size = 15mm Clearance with cylinder = 2mm Stress relaxation part length = 530mm Groove depth = 5mm * Grooves are machined on the inner wall of the cylinder below the hopper Next, the slit cooling device shown in Fig. 4 (upper slit 31 height 50mm, width 2.5mm, upper water tank 3
3, water level 5 mm, water temperature 5°C, 2 layers of 60 mesh wire mesh, 4-stage flow regulator 32 used. Height of lower slit 35
10mm, width 5mm, lower water tank 36 water level 10mm, water temperature 5
℃) and quenched, and was molded using pressure rolls 39 and 40 to obtain a polypropylene sheet with a thickness of 0.2 mm. Furthermore, this sheet was heat-treated using roll group 43 at 130°C.
このシートの製造において、得られたシートの
流れ方向の厚み精度が±５％になる最大押出量を
求めたところ、スクリユー４の回転数が100r.p.
m.で116Kg／ｈであつた。また80r.p.m.では93.1
Kg／ｈであつた。なお、得られたシートのヘイズ
は前記各回転数においてそれぞれ4.1％，3.7％で
あり、光沢度はそれぞれ124％、129％であつた。 In manufacturing this sheet, we determined the maximum extrusion amount at which the thickness accuracy in the machine direction of the obtained sheet would be ±5%, and found that the rotation speed of the screw 4 was 100 r.p.
m. was 116Kg/h. Also at 80r.pm 93.1
It was Kg/h. The haze of the obtained sheet was 4.1% and 3.7% at each of the above-mentioned rotational speeds, and the gloss was 124% and 129%, respectively.
比較例 １
実施例で用いたスクリユーにおいて、混合部を
設けず、計量部の長さを365mmとした以外は実施
例に準じてシートを成形した。最大安定押出量
は、80r.p.m.で84.5Kg／ｈであつた。Comparative Example 1 A sheet was molded in the same manner as in the example except that the screw used in the example was not provided with a mixing section and the length of the measuring section was 365 mm. The maximum stable extrusion rate was 84.5 Kg/h at 80 rpm.
比較例 ２
実施例で用いたスクリユーにおいて、計量部を
設けず、供給部の長さを500mm、圧縮部の長さを
690mmとした以外は実施例に準じてシートを成形
した。最大安定押出量は、80r.p.m.で79.1Kg／ｈ
であつた。Comparative Example 2 In the screw used in the example, the measuring section was not provided, the length of the supply section was 500 mm, and the length of the compression section was
A sheet was molded according to the example except that the length was 690 mm. Maximum stable extrusion rate is 79.1Kg/h at 80r.pm
It was hot.
以上の具体的な実施例、比較例より透明性に優
れたポリプロピレンシートを製造するに際し、本
発明押出機を用いた場合は、高速で成形できると
ともに、同一回転数の比較においても、押出量が
10％以上高く、エネルギー消費の点からも優れた
ものである。 When manufacturing polypropylene sheets with excellent transparency from the above specific examples and comparative examples, when using the extruder of the present invention, not only can molding be performed at high speed, but also the amount of extrusion can be reduced even when comparing the same rotation speed.
It is more than 10% higher and is also superior in terms of energy consumption.
上述のように本発明によれば、最適押出を可能
にする押出装置と特定水冷方法の採用により、従
来から製造が困難であつた、ポリプロピレン等の
結晶性熱可塑性樹脂の製造において、透明性に優
れたシートを製造できた。しかも従来方法より
も、３〜40％程度押出量を高くしても流れ方向の
厚肉精度の良好なシートを製造でき、押出動力の
低減とともに、生産性が向上、安価なシートの製
造を可能にする効果がある。
As described above, according to the present invention, transparency can be improved in the production of crystalline thermoplastic resins such as polypropylene, which have traditionally been difficult to produce, by employing an extrusion device that enables optimal extrusion and a specific water cooling method. We were able to produce an excellent sheet. Moreover, it is possible to produce sheets with good thickness accuracy in the machine direction even if the extrusion rate is increased by 3 to 40% compared to the conventional method, which reduces extrusion power and improves productivity, making it possible to manufacture sheets at low cost. It has the effect of
第１図は本発明に係る熱可塑性樹脂シート類の
製造方法に適用される樹脂押出装置の側断面図、
第２図、第３図は前記押出装置の応力緩和部の変
形例を示す断面図、第４図は本発明に適用される
スリツト冷却装置を示す断面図である。
１……押出装置、３……シリンダ、４……スク
リユー、１１……供給部、１２……圧縮部、１３
……計量部、１４……混合部、１５……剪断部、
１６……応力緩和部、３１，３５……スリツト、
３８……樹脂膜状体。
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a resin extrusion device applied to the method for manufacturing thermoplastic resin sheets according to the present invention;
2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing modified examples of the stress relaxation section of the extrusion device, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a slit cooling device applied to the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Extrusion device, 3... Cylinder, 4... Screw, 11... Supply part, 12... Compression part, 13
...Measuring section, 14...Mixing section, 15...Shearing section,
16... Stress relaxation part, 31, 35... Slit,
38...Resin film-like body.
Claims (1)
給部、圧縮部、計量部、混合部、剪断部および応
力緩和部を有する樹脂押出装置を用いて熱可塑性
樹脂を膜状体として押し出し、この樹脂膜状体を
冷却水の流下するスリツト中に導入し、さらに冷
却水の流下方向に走行させて冷却することを特徴
とする熱可塑性樹脂シート類の製造方法。 ２ 特許請求の範囲第１項において、スリツトを
流下する冷却水が、スリツト入口部において実質
的に滞留を生じないように流下することを特徴と
する熱可塑性樹脂シート類の製造方法。 ３ 特許請求の範囲第１項または第２項におい
て、前記熱可塑性樹脂は結晶性樹脂であることを
特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂シート類の製造方法。 ４ 特許請求の範囲第１項ないし第３項のいずれ
かにおいて、前記スリツトは多段型であることを
特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂シート類の製造方法。 ５ 特許請求の範囲第１項ないし第４項のいずれ
かにおいて、前記冷却水の流下速度が前記樹脂膜
状体の走行速度より大であることを特徴とする熱
可塑性樹脂シート類の製造方法。[Claims] 1. Thermoplastic resin is made into a film using a resin extrusion device that has a supply section, a compression section, a measuring section, a mixing section, a shearing section, and a stress relaxation section sequentially from the resin supply side to the resin extrusion side. 1. A method for producing thermoplastic resin sheets, which comprises extruding the resin film into a slit through which cooling water flows, and cooling it by running the resin film in the direction in which the cooling water flows. 2. A method for producing thermoplastic resin sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling water flowing down the slit flows down so as not to substantially stagnate at the slit entrance. 3. A method for producing thermoplastic resin sheets according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thermoplastic resin is a crystalline resin. 4. A method for manufacturing thermoplastic resin sheets according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the slit is of a multistage type. 5. A method for manufacturing thermoplastic resin sheets according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the flowing speed of the cooling water is higher than the running speed of the resin film.
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62031116A JPS63199624A (en) | 1987-02-13 | 1987-02-13 | Manufacture of thermoplastic resin sheet |
| US07/152,533 US4867927A (en) | 1987-02-13 | 1988-02-05 | Process of producing thermplastic resin sheet and the like and molding screw therefor |
| NZ223493A NZ223493A (en) | 1987-02-13 | 1988-02-11 | Extruding thermoplastics resin sheet: screw form |
| AT88102082T ATE82902T1 (en) | 1987-02-13 | 1988-02-12 | METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF A THERMOPLASTIC RESIN FILM AND THE LIKE AND EXTRUDER SCREW THEREOF. |
| DE8888102082T DE3876258T2 (en) | 1987-02-13 | 1988-02-12 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A THERMOPLASTIC RESIN FILM AND THE LIKE AND EXTRUDING SCREW FOR THIS. |
| AU11682/88A AU604091B2 (en) | 1987-02-13 | 1988-02-12 | Process of producing thermoplastic sheet and the like and molding screw therefor |
| EP88102082A EP0278519B1 (en) | 1987-02-13 | 1988-02-12 | Process of producing thermoplastic resin sheet and the like and molding screw therefor |
| CA000558802A CA1304209C (en) | 1987-02-13 | 1988-02-12 | Process of producing thermoplastic sheet and the like and molding screw therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62031116A JPS63199624A (en) | 1987-02-13 | 1987-02-13 | Manufacture of thermoplastic resin sheet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63199624A JPS63199624A (en) | 1988-08-18 |
| JPH0564575B2 true JPH0564575B2 (en) | 1993-09-14 |
Family
ID=12322431
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62031116A Granted JPS63199624A (en) | 1987-02-13 | 1987-02-13 | Manufacture of thermoplastic resin sheet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63199624A (en) |
-
1987
- 1987-02-13 JP JP62031116A patent/JPS63199624A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63199624A (en) | 1988-08-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |