JPH0557705A - Manufacture of modified wood - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a wood treated with resin casting exhibiting appearance of the original wood material and having excellent dimensional stability, stain resistance, strength, etc. CONSTITUTION:A casting treatment liq. is prepd. by incorporating an acid having a b.p. of at least 150 deg.C at ordinary pressure such as a sulfonic acid type compd. or a phosphonic acid type compd. into a condensation-polymerized resin water soln. such as a phenolic one wherein non-volatile content is adjusted to the concn. of at most 50%. A process wherein a wood is impregnated with this treating liq. under a treating condition of the b.p. or below, a process wherein the water content in the wood is vaporized and a process wherein the impregnated condensation-polymerized resin water soln. is heat-cured are successively performed to prepare a wood treated with resin casting without vaporizing the acid.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は材内にフェノール等の縮
重合型樹脂を含浸、硬化させて寸法安定性、耐久性、耐
汚染性、強度等の物性に優れ、且つ木材本来の外観を呈
する改質木材の製造方法に関するものである。[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is excellent in physical properties such as dimensional stability, durability, stain resistance and strength by impregnating and curing a polycondensation resin such as phenol into the material, and giving the original appearance of wood. The present invention relates to a method for producing modified wood.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来から、木材の細胞壁内の微細な空隙
にフェノール等の縮重合型樹脂水溶液を注入し、加熱硬
化処理を施すことによって耐久性や強度、寸法安定性等
の改善を図った改質木材を製造する方法が知られてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an aqueous solution of polycondensation resin such as phenol is injected into fine voids in a cell wall of wood and subjected to heat curing treatment to improve durability, strength, dimensional stability and the like. Methods for producing modified wood are known.

【０００３】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、縮重合
型樹脂は熱硬化性であり、木材に注入後に熱硬化処理を
行うと、樹脂や木材の発色成分が着色し、又、木材の熱
劣化や注入樹脂の伸縮の相違や木材の収縮によって脆弱
になり、割れや反りが発生するという問題点がある。こ
のため、上記のような木材の熱劣化や熱による木材の着
色、樹脂の発色を防止する目的で縮重合型樹脂水溶液に
酸触媒を添加して熱硬化処理を行うことが考えられる。However, the polycondensation type resin is thermosetting, and when it is subjected to a thermosetting treatment after being injected into wood, the coloring components of the resin and the wood are colored, and the heat deterioration of the wood is also caused. Due to the difference in expansion and contraction of the injected resin and the contraction of wood, the resin becomes fragile, causing cracks and warpage. For this reason, it is conceivable to add an acid catalyst to the polycondensation type resin aqueous solution and perform thermosetting treatment for the purpose of preventing the above-described heat deterioration of wood, coloring of wood due to heat, and color development of resin.

【０００４】ところが、酸触媒は熱硬化処理時における
反応物に直接取り込まれないから、溶媒である水を揮散
させる際や含浸樹脂の硬化反応中、或いは反応後に、該
酸触媒が木材表面に浮動して木材表面に酸による汚染を
生じさせたり、木材から外部に揮散して製造設備を腐食
させたりするという問題点がある。However, since the acid catalyst is not directly incorporated into the reaction product during the heat curing treatment, the acid catalyst floats on the surface of the wood when the solvent water is volatilized or during the curing reaction of the impregnated resin or after the reaction. As a result, there is a problem in that the surface of the wood is contaminated with acid, or the wood is volatilized to the outside to corrode the manufacturing facility.

【０００５】また、木材に縮重合型樹脂水溶液を注入す
る際、減圧や加圧等の操作を行って樹脂注入を促進させ
るが、その操作時に酸触媒が減圧等によって揮散し、樹
脂液を多量の木材に繰り返し注入操作をしようとして
も、初期の触媒添加濃度を保持することができず、酸触
媒による効果が減少して樹脂の硬化不良や木材の劣化が
生じることになる。このため、酸触媒を逐次補給してや
ればよいが、酸触媒は高価であるので、コストアップの
原因となって好ましくない。Further, when the polycondensation type resin aqueous solution is injected into the wood, the resin injection is promoted by carrying out operations such as depressurization and pressurization, but during the operation, the acid catalyst volatilizes due to the depressurization and the like, and a large amount of the resin liquid Even if an attempt is made to repeatedly inject the wood, the initial catalyst addition concentration cannot be maintained, and the effect of the acid catalyst decreases, resulting in poor curing of the resin and deterioration of the wood. Therefore, the acid catalyst may be replenished sequentially, but the acid catalyst is expensive, which is not preferable because it causes a cost increase.

【０００６】本発明はこのような問題点に鑑みてなされ
たもので、木材に含浸させた縮重合型樹脂の硬化促進
や、木材の熱劣化、熱による木材の着色や樹脂の発色防
止等の目的で酸触媒を用いているにも拘わらず、木材の
外観劣化、製造設備の腐食等を防止し得る改質木材の製
造方法を提供するものである。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is intended to promote curing of a condensation-polymerization type resin impregnated in wood, heat deterioration of wood, prevention of coloring of wood by heat and color development of resin. It is intended to provide a method for producing modified wood which can prevent deterioration of the appearance of wood, corrosion of production equipment, etc., even though an acid catalyst is used for the purpose.

【０００７】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】このため、本発明の改質
木材の製造方法は、常圧で１５０℃以上の沸点を有する
酸を添加したフェノール樹脂等の縮重合型樹脂水溶液を
木材に含浸し、木材内の水分を揮散させると共に含浸し
た縮重合型樹脂を加熱硬化させることを特徴とするもの
である。Therefore, according to the method for producing modified wood of the present invention, the wood is impregnated with an aqueous solution of a polycondensation resin such as a phenol resin to which an acid having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or higher at normal pressure is added. Then, the moisture in the wood is volatilized and the impregnated polycondensation resin is heat-cured.

【０００８】[0008]

【作用】縮重合型樹脂水溶液に添加する酸触媒は、その
沸点が常圧で１５０℃以上のものであるから、溶媒であ
る水の揮散工程や木材に含浸した樹脂の加熱硬化反応中
に、酸の揮散や昇華は殆ど生じない。また、一旦、縮重
合型樹脂が木材内で固化すると、酸が材表面に浮き上が
ったり内部での移動が阻止される。従って、水揮散工程
や樹脂硬化工程等において、酸が浮き出して木材表面を
汚損する虞れがなくなると共に、酸の揮散による製造設
備の腐食を防止し得る。さらに、製造後において製品を
釘着した場合には、釘を錆びさせる虞れがない。The acid catalyst added to the polycondensation type resin aqueous solution has a boiling point of 150 ° C. or higher at atmospheric pressure, so during the process of volatilizing water as a solvent or the heat curing reaction of the resin impregnated in wood, Almost no volatilization or sublimation of acid occurs. Further, once the polycondensation resin is solidified in the wood, the acid floats on the surface of the material and is prevented from moving inside. Therefore, in the water volatilization step, the resin curing step, and the like, there is no possibility that the acid floats up and stains the wood surface, and corrosion of the production equipment due to the volatilization of the acid can be prevented. Furthermore, when the product is nailed after manufacturing, there is no risk of rusting the nail.

【０００９】また、縮重合型樹脂水溶液を木材に注入、
含浸させる際に、減圧や加圧等の操作によって注入を促
進させるが、このような操作にも拘わらず酸の揮散が殆
ど生じないものであり、そのため、一度濃度調整を行っ
た酸を添加してなる樹脂液を多量の木材に繰り返し注入
しても、ほぼ初期の酸濃度に保持でき、触媒効果が維持
されて樹脂の硬化不良や材の劣化など生じない。In addition, a polycondensation type resin aqueous solution is injected into wood,
When impregnating, the injection is promoted by an operation such as depressurization or pressurization, but despite such an operation, vaporization of the acid hardly occurs. Therefore, the acid whose concentration has been adjusted once is added. Even if a large amount of resin liquid is repeatedly injected into the wood, the acid concentration can be maintained almost at the initial value, the catalytic effect is maintained, and resin curing failure and material deterioration do not occur.

【００１０】[0010]

【実施例】次に、本発明の実施例を詳しく述べると、適
量の水の添加によって不揮発分が５０％以下の濃度に調
整された縮重合型樹脂水溶液に、常圧で１５０℃以上の
沸点を有する酸を添加して注入処理液を作製する。な
お、縮重合型樹脂水溶液としてはフェノール、メラミ
ン、ユリア等のホルムアルデヒド樹脂が用いられ、木材
本来の材色や軽量化を維持するために、上記のように５
０％以下の濃度に調整されるものである。EXAMPLES Next, the examples of the present invention will be described in detail. An aqueous solution of a polycondensation type resin in which the nonvolatile content was adjusted to a concentration of 50% or less by adding an appropriate amount of water was added to a boiling point of 150 ° C. or more at normal pressure. An acid having a is added to prepare an injection treatment liquid. Formaldehyde resins such as phenol, melamine, and urea are used as the polycondensation type resin aqueous solution, and in order to maintain the original wood color and weight reduction, the
The density is adjusted to 0% or less.

【００１１】一方、この縮重合型樹脂水溶液に添加、混
入する上記のような常圧で１５０℃以上の沸点を有する
酸としては、ｏーフェノールスルホン酸、ｍーフェノー
ルスルホン酸、ｐーフェノールスルホン酸、ベンゼンス
ルホン酸、ｍーベンゼンジスルホン酸、ｐーベンゼンジ
スルホン酸、ベンゼンスルホンアミド、ｏートルエンス
ルホン酸、ｍートルエンスルホン酸、ｐートルエンスル
ホン酸などのスルホン酸系化合物；メタリン酸、ピロリ
ン酸、オルトリン酸、三リン酸、四リン酸などのリン酸
系化合物；トリメット酸、ポリアクリル酸、ポリアミン
酸等がある。On the other hand, as the acid having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or higher at atmospheric pressure as described above, which is added to and mixed with the aqueous solution of the polycondensation resin, o-phenolsulfonic acid, m-phenolsulfonic acid, p-phenolsulfone is used. Acids, benzenesulfonic acid, m-benzenedisulfonic acid, p-benzenedisulfonic acid, benzenesulfonamide, o-toluenesulfonic acid, m-toluenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and other sulfonic acid compounds; metaphosphoric acid, pyrroline Phosphoric acid compounds such as acids, orthophosphoric acid, triphosphoric acid and tetraphosphoric acid; trimetic acid, polyacrylic acid, polyamic acid and the like.

【００１２】なお、スルホン酸系化合物やリン酸系化合
物において、常圧では極めて不揮発性であり、且つ２０
０℃以上の高温で分解してその沸点が測定できないもの
があるが、このような場合、減圧状態で沸点を計測した
結果、いずれも高い減圧状態でも１００℃以上の沸点を
有している。[0012] It should be noted that sulfonic acid compounds and phosphoric acid compounds are extremely non-volatile at normal pressure, and
Some of them decompose at a high temperature of 0 ° C. or higher and their boiling points cannot be measured. In such a case, as a result of measuring the boiling points under a reduced pressure state, all have a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher even under a high reduced pressure state.

【００１３】このように常圧で１５０℃以上の沸点を有
する酸を使用するのは、この酸を添加している上記注入
処理液を常温〜１００℃前後で且つ通常２０トール以上
の減圧下で木材に注入する際や、熱風或いは２０トール
以上の減圧により溶媒である水を揮散させる際、さらに
は熱圧や高周波による樹脂硬化処理工程の際に、酸が木
材外に揮散することなく、常に材内に維持させておくた
めである。As described above, the acid having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or higher at normal pressure is used because the injection treatment liquid to which the acid is added is at room temperature to 100 ° C. under a reduced pressure of usually 20 Torr or higher. When pouring into wood, volatilizing water as a solvent by hot air or pressure reduction of 20 Torr or more, and further during resin curing treatment process by hot pressure or high frequency, acid is not volatilized outside the wood, and always This is to keep it in the material.

【００１４】なお、縮重合型樹脂水溶液に添加する酸の
濃度は、縮重合型樹脂水溶液の濃度に応じて決定され、
通常は樹脂固形分の２０重量％以下である。The concentration of the acid added to the polycondensation type resin aqueous solution is determined according to the concentration of the polycondensation type resin aqueous solution,
Usually, it is 20% by weight or less of the resin solid content.

【００１５】次いで、このように調整した処理液を木材
中に注入含浸する。この含浸工程は常圧下における処理
液への木材の浸漬手段による以外に、減圧、加圧注入法
等、公知の方法を適宜組み合わせて木材細胞の微小空隙
内に処理液を効果的に含浸させる。この際、木材内に処
理液が均一に注入、含浸するように材の形状や寸法、浸
透性、樹種に適した方法、条件を適宜に選択すればよ
い。又、注入処理される木材としては角材や板材、中空
材等の厚い製材品、集成材、合板、単板のような薄板等
のいずれであってもよく、その樹種も特に限定されな
い。Next, the treatment liquid thus prepared is injected and impregnated into the wood. This impregnating step effectively impregnates the treatment liquid into the microvoids of the wood cells by appropriately combining known methods such as depressurization and pressure injection in addition to the method of immersing the wood in the treatment liquid under normal pressure. At this time, a method and conditions suitable for the shape and size of the material, the permeability, and the tree species may be appropriately selected so that the treatment liquid is uniformly injected and impregnated into the wood. The wood to be injected may be thick lumber such as square lumber, plate lumber, hollow lumber, laminated lumber, plywood, or thin timber such as veneer, and its tree species is not particularly limited.

【００１６】この処理液注入工程において、木材に対す
る処理液の注入を促進させるために減圧、加圧手段を採
用しても酸の揮散が殆ど生じなく、従って、一度濃度調
整を行った酸を添加してなる樹脂液を多量の木材に繰り
返し注入しても、ほぼ初期の酸濃度に保持できて処理液
のポットライフを長くすることができる。In this treatment liquid injecting step, even if pressure reducing and pressurizing means are adopted to promote the injection of the treatment liquid into the wood, almost no acid volatilization occurs. Therefore, the acid whose concentration has been once adjusted is added. Even if a large amount of the resulting resin liquid is repeatedly injected, the initial acid concentration can be maintained and the pot life of the treatment liquid can be extended.

【００１７】木材に対する処理液の注入処理工程後、木
材に含浸した樹脂の硬化処理に移ると、木材表面部の樹
脂硬化層が残存する水分によって内部で爆裂したり、木
材の収縮応力による割れや反りが発生する虞れがあるの
で、樹脂該硬化処理工程前にドライヤー等の熱風によ
り、或いは常温〜１００℃で且つ２０トール以上の減圧
下で溶媒である水を揮散させる。When the resin impregnated into the wood is cured after the step of injecting the treatment liquid into the wood, the resin cured layer on the surface of the wood explodes inside due to residual moisture, or cracks due to shrinkage stress of the wood occur. Since warping may occur, water as a solvent is volatilized by hot air from a dryer or the like before the resin curing treatment step or at a normal temperature to 100 ° C. and a reduced pressure of 20 Torr or more.

【００１８】このように熱風や減圧乾燥手段を採用して
樹脂注入処理木材を加熱すると、木材中の処理液に含ま
れる大半の水が主として木材の細胞内腔などのおおきな
空隙から材外へ放出されて樹脂が充填されない空隙部
（細胞内腔）が形成される一方、細胞壁内の小さな空隙
には樹脂が充填される。この乾燥処理時においても、処
理液に添加している酸の揮散は殆ど生じない。When the resin-injected treated wood is heated by using hot air or a reduced-pressure drying means as described above, most of the water contained in the treatment liquid in the wood is released out of the material mainly from large pores such as cell inner cavities of the wood. Thus, a void (cell lumen) not filled with the resin is formed, while a small void in the cell wall is filled with the resin. Even during this drying treatment, the acid added to the treatment liquid hardly vaporizes.

【００１９】次いで、樹脂注入処理木材を減圧下におけ
る加熱、或いは、加圧、加熱手段によって材内の縮重合
型樹脂を硬化させる。この際、酸触媒が揮散することな
く木材内に存在してその触媒効果を充分に発揮し、木材
の発色成分の着色や脆弱化が抑制されると共に樹脂の濃
色化を防止し、さらに、樹脂の硬化不良や木材の劣化も
生じないものである。Next, the resin-injection treated wood is heated under reduced pressure, or the polycondensation-type resin in the material is cured by pressure or heating means. At this time, the acid catalyst is present in the wood without being volatilized and fully exerts its catalytic effect, preventing coloring and brittleness of the coloring component of the wood and preventing darkening of the resin, The resin does not harden and the wood does not deteriorate.

【００２０】次に、本発明の具体的な実施例および比較
例を示す。 実施例 １ 樹脂不揮発分10重量％のフェノール樹脂水溶液に、常圧
で１５０℃以上の沸点を有するパラトルエンスルホン酸
を１重量％添加して処理液を作製した。この処理液を厚
さ１cm、幅10cm、長さ15cmのヒノキ材に、５０トールの
減圧及び加圧操作によって含浸させた後、50トール、40
℃の条件で一週間放置することにより、注入処理液中の
水分を除去した。次いで、この樹脂注入処理ヒノキ材を
80トール、105 ℃の条件で12時間加熱することにより、
含浸樹脂を硬化させた。こうして得られた樹脂注入処理
ヒノキ材は、その材表面には変色部分がなく無処理材と
殆ど変わらない外観を呈していた。Next, specific examples and comparative examples of the present invention will be shown. Example 1 1% by weight of paratoluenesulfonic acid having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or higher at normal pressure was added to a phenol resin aqueous solution having a resin nonvolatile content of 10% by weight to prepare a treatment liquid. This treatment solution was impregnated into a cypress material having a thickness of 1 cm, a width of 10 cm and a length of 15 cm by depressurizing and pressurizing the pressure of 50 Torr, and then 50 Torr, 40 Torr.
Water was removed from the injection treatment liquid by leaving it for 1 week under the condition of ° C. Then, this resin-injected cypress material
By heating at 80 torr and 105 ° C for 12 hours,
The impregnating resin was cured. The resin-injected cypress material thus obtained had no discolored portion on the surface of the material and had an appearance almost the same as the untreated material.

【００２１】比較例 １ 上記実施例１において、パラトルエンスルホン酸に代え
て、酢酸（沸点１１８℃）を同量、上記樹脂不揮発分10
重量％のフェノール樹脂水溶液に添加して処理液を作製
した。この処理液を実施例１に示したヒノキ材に同一条
件で含浸、硬化処理を施した。こうして得られた樹脂注
入処理ヒノキ材には酢酸臭が強く残り、また、材色も黄
色を帯びていて酸触媒の効果が殆どなくなっていること
が判明した。さらに、硬化処理装置にも酢酸臭が認めら
れた。Comparative Example 1 In the above Example 1, the same amount of acetic acid (boiling point: 118 ° C.) was used instead of paratoluenesulfonic acid, and the resin nonvolatile content was 10%.
A treatment liquid was prepared by adding it to an aqueous solution of phenol resin at a weight percentage. The treatment solution was impregnated into the cypress material shown in Example 1 under the same conditions, and was subjected to a curing treatment. It was found that the resin-injected cypress material thus obtained had a strong odor of acetic acid and the material color was yellowish, and the effect of the acid catalyst was almost lost. Furthermore, an acetic acid odor was also observed in the curing treatment device.

【００２２】[0022]

【発明の効果】以上のように本発明の改質木材の製造方
法によれば、常圧で１５０℃以上の沸点を有する酸を添
加した縮重合型樹脂水溶液を木材に含浸し、木材内の水
分を揮散させると共に含浸した縮重合型樹脂を加熱硬化
させることを特徴とするものであるから、縮重合型樹脂
水溶液に添加する酸触媒として、その沸点が常圧で１５
０℃以上のものを用いているので、溶媒である水の揮散
工程や木材に含浸した樹脂の加熱硬化反応中に、該酸の
揮散や昇華は殆ど生じなく、従って、酸の揮散による製
造設備の腐食発生をなくすることができると共に、一
旦、縮重合型樹脂が木材内で固化すると、酸が材表面に
浮き上がるのを阻止されるので、水揮散工程や樹脂硬化
工程等において、酸が浮き出して木材表面を汚損する虞
れがなくなり、木材本来の外観を呈した美麗な樹脂注入
処理木材を得ることができる。As described above, according to the method for producing modified wood of the present invention, the wood is impregnated with an aqueous solution of a polycondensation resin containing an acid having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or higher at normal pressure. Since the condensation polymerization resin impregnated with water is volatilized and cured by heating, the acid catalyst added to the aqueous solution of the condensation polymerization resin has a boiling point of 15 at normal pressure.
Since a substance having a temperature of 0 ° C. or higher is used, vaporization or sublimation of the acid hardly occurs during the volatilization step of water as a solvent or the heat curing reaction of the resin impregnated in the wood. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of corrosion and to prevent the acid from floating on the surface of the material once the polycondensation resin solidifies in the wood. As a result, it is possible to obtain a beautiful resin-injected treated wood that has the original appearance of the wood, without the risk of soiling the surface of the wood.

【００２３】また、縮重合型樹脂水溶液を木材に注入、
含浸させる際に、減圧や加圧等の操作によって注入を促
進させるが、このような操作にも拘わらず酸の揮散が殆
ど生じないものであり、そのため、一度濃度調整を行っ
た酸を添加してなる樹脂液を多量の木材に繰り返し注入
しても、ほぼ初期の酸濃度に保持できて処理液のポット
ライフを長くすることができると共に、触媒効果が維持
されて樹脂の硬化不良や材の劣化など生じなく、安定し
た品質の樹脂注入処理木材を製造することができる。Further, an aqueous solution of a polycondensation resin is injected into wood,
When impregnating, the injection is promoted by an operation such as depressurization or pressurization, but despite such an operation, vaporization of the acid hardly occurs. Therefore, the acid whose concentration has been adjusted once is added. Even if a large amount of resin liquid is repeatedly injected into the wood, the acid concentration can be maintained almost at the initial value, and the pot life of the treatment liquid can be extended. It is possible to manufacture resin-injection-treated wood of stable quality without deterioration.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 常圧で１５０℃以上の沸点を有する酸を
添加した縮重合型樹脂水溶液を木材に含浸し、木材内の
水分を揮散させると共に含浸した縮重合型樹脂を加熱硬
化させることを特徴とする改質木材の製造方法。1. A method of impregnating wood with an aqueous solution of a polycondensation type resin to which an acid having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or higher at atmospheric pressure is added to volatilize water in the wood and heat-cure the impregnated polycondensation type resin. A method for producing modified wood characterized by the above.