JPH0553560B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0553560B2 JPH0553560B2 JP63226030A JP22603088A JPH0553560B2 JP H0553560 B2 JPH0553560 B2 JP H0553560B2 JP 63226030 A JP63226030 A JP 63226030A JP 22603088 A JP22603088 A JP 22603088A JP H0553560 B2 JPH0553560 B2 JP H0553560B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- dried
- drying bed
- drying
- rake
- droplet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 117
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
この発明は、汚泥の脱水ケーキなどの被乾燥物
の乾燥に好適に使用される多段乾燥機に係わり、
多段乾燥機の乾燥効率に大きな影響を持つ攪拌操
作を充分に維持しながら、乾燥物の滞留量を調節
することのできる多段乾燥機に関するものであ
る。Detailed Description of the Invention "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a multi-stage dryer that is suitably used for drying materials to be dried such as dehydrated sludge cake.
The present invention relates to a multi-stage dryer that can adjust the amount of dried material retained while sufficiently maintaining the stirring operation, which has a large effect on the drying efficiency of the multi-stage dryer.
「従来の技術」
従来より、汚泥の脱水ケーキなどの被乾燥物の
乾燥用に使用されている乾燥機の1つとして、多
段に配列された乾燥床を備えた多段乾燥機が知ら
れていた。第4図および第5図は、従来の多段乾
燥機の例を示す図であつて、これらの図中符号1
は乾燥機本体、2は乾燥床である。``Prior Art'' Conventionally, a multi-stage dryer equipped with drying beds arranged in multiple stages has been known as one of the dryers used for drying materials to be dried such as dehydrated sludge cake. . 4 and 5 are diagrams showing examples of conventional multi-stage dryers, and the reference numeral 1 in these figures is
is the main body of the dryer, and 2 is the drying bed.
乾燥機本体1内には、乾燥床2が縦方向に多段
に配列されている。これらの乾燥床2の一部に
は、落とし口3が形成されている。また、乾燥機
本体1内には、複数本の回転軸4が挿入されてお
り、これらの回転軸4には、各乾燥床2毎にレー
キ5が固定されている。 Inside the dryer main body 1, drying beds 2 are arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction. Drop openings 3 are formed in some of these drying beds 2. Further, a plurality of rotating shafts 4 are inserted into the dryer main body 1, and a rake 5 is fixed to each of the rotating shafts 4 for each drying bed 2.
このレーキ5は、駆動装置6を駆動させて各回
転軸4を回転させることにより、第5図の図中矢
印で示すように回転して、各乾燥床2上の被乾燥
物を攪拌しながら落とし口3に向けて移動させ、
落とし口3から下段の乾燥床2上に落下させる動
作を行うようになつている。 The rake 5 rotates as shown by the arrow in FIG. 5 by driving the drive device 6 to rotate each rotating shaft 4, thereby stirring the material to be dried on each drying bed 2. Move it towards the droplet 3,
The device is designed to be dropped from a drop opening 3 onto a lower drying bed 2.
この多段乾燥機を用いて被乾燥物の乾燥処理を
行うには、乾燥機本体1の下部に設けられた導入
口7から燃焼排ガスを導入し、乾燥機本体1の上
部に設けられた排気口8から排気を行うととも
に、駆動装置6を駆動して各回転軸4を回転させ
る。続いて乾燥機本体1の上部に取り付けられた
投入口9から被乾燥物を最上段の乾燥床2上に投
入する。投入された被乾燥物は、燃焼排ガスと接
触して加熱されながら、各レーキ5の回転送り動
作によつて乾燥床2の落とし口3に移動し、この
落とし口3から下段の乾燥床2上に落下する。そ
して各乾燥床2上を順次移動した被乾燥物は、最
下段の乾燥床2の取出口10から取り出される。 To dry the material to be dried using this multi-stage dryer, combustion exhaust gas is introduced from the inlet 7 provided at the bottom of the dryer main body 1, and the exhaust gas is introduced from the exhaust port provided at the upper part of the dryer main body 1. At the same time, the drive device 6 is driven to rotate each rotating shaft 4. Subsequently, the material to be dried is charged onto the top drying bed 2 from the input port 9 attached to the upper part of the dryer main body 1. The loaded material to be dried is heated by coming into contact with the combustion exhaust gas, and is moved to the drop port 3 of the drying bed 2 by the rotational feeding operation of each rake 5, and from the drop port 3 to the top of the lower drying bed 2. to fall. The material to be dried that has moved sequentially on each drying bed 2 is taken out from the takeout port 10 of the lowest drying bed 2.
「発明が解決しようとする課題」
しかしながら、従来の多段乾燥機においては、
各乾燥床2上の被乾燥物の滞留量を調節すること
ができず、各レーキ5の回転送り動作によつて送
られた被乾燥物を直接落とし口3から落下させる
ために、被乾燥物の攪拌を充分に行うために各レ
ーキ5の回転を激しくすると、被乾燥物の移動も
早くなり、この結果、未乾燥物を排出したり、床
面が露出して有効な乾燥面積が減少してしまうお
それがあつた。``Problem to be solved by the invention'' However, in the conventional multi-stage dryer,
Since it is not possible to adjust the amount of the material to be dried on each drying bed 2, the material to be dried is directly dropped from the drop port 3 by the rotary feeding operation of each rake 5. If each rake 5 is rotated vigorously in order to sufficiently stir the drying material, the material to be dried will move faster, and as a result, the undried material may be discharged or the floor surface may be exposed, reducing the effective drying area. There was a risk of it happening.
また、被乾燥物の量が多いときは、乾燥床2の
乾燥物の厚みが厚くなり、床面の露出はなくなる
が、レーキの回転当たりの送り量も多くなるため
に攪拌を目的に回転を自由に調節することができ
ず、このため、回転の早さが規制されてしまうこ
とになる。この結果、燃焼排ガスに接触する被乾
燥物表面だけが減率乾燥域となり、攪拌不足を余
儀なくさせられた。また乾燥負荷が少ない時に乾
燥床の厚みを維持しようとすると、回転を下げる
必要があり、攪拌不足となり、一方、回転を早め
ると床面が露出して乾燥面積が減少する度合が多
くなつてしまう不都合があつた。 In addition, when the amount of material to be dried is large, the thickness of the dried material on the drying bed 2 becomes thick, and the floor surface is no longer exposed, but the amount of feed per revolution of the rake also increases, so the rotation for the purpose of stirring is increased. It cannot be freely adjusted, and as a result, the speed of rotation is restricted. As a result, only the surface of the object to be dried that comes into contact with the combustion exhaust gas becomes a waning rate drying region, which necessitates insufficient stirring. Also, if you try to maintain the thickness of the drying bed when the drying load is low, it is necessary to lower the rotation, resulting in insufficient agitation.On the other hand, if the rotation is accelerated, the bed surface is exposed and the drying area is more likely to be reduced. There was an inconvenience.
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、
乾燥床の滞留量を維持しながら充分な攪拌をさせ
て加熱ガスに接触する表面が減率乾燥となる度合
を減少させ、被乾燥物の乾燥度合をたとえば含水
率10%以下に向上させることが可能でかつ均一な
乾燥を行うことができるとともに、被乾燥物の
量、水分の変動に対し運転が容易な多段乾燥機を
提供することを目的としている。 The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and
By providing sufficient agitation while maintaining the retention amount in the drying bed, it is possible to reduce the degree to which the surface that comes into contact with the heated gas becomes dry at a reduced rate, and to improve the dryness of the material to be dried to, for example, a moisture content of 10% or less. It is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-stage dryer that is capable of performing uniform drying and that is easy to operate in response to fluctuations in the amount and moisture content of materials to be dried.
「課題を解決するための手段」
上記目的達成のために、請求項1記載の発明
は、
被乾燥物を載せる乾燥床を縦方向に多段に配列
するとともに、前記被乾燥物を前記乾燥床上で床
面に沿つて一方向へ移動させることにより、移動
方向の下流に設けられた落し口を介して下段の乾
燥床へ落下させる移動機構を設けてなる多段乾燥
機において、前記乾燥床の少なくとも一つにおけ
る落し口に、該落し口が設けられた乾燥床上の被
乾燥物の滞留量を調節する滞留量調節装置を設け
てなり、
前記移動機構は、前記乾燥床と平行な平面内で
それぞれ回転する複数の主レーキを前記乾燥床の
長手方向に沿つて設けてなり、
前記滞留量調節装置は、前記落し口の近傍に設
けられて前記乾燥床と平行な平面内で回転する副
レーキからなり、
前記主レーキと副レーキとは互いに別個の駆動
手段により駆動される構成としたものである。"Means for Solving the Problem" In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 provides the following: drying beds on which objects to be dried are placed in multiple stages in the vertical direction, and the objects to be dried are placed on the drying bed. In a multi-stage dryer provided with a moving mechanism that moves in one direction along a floor surface and drops onto a lower drying bed through a droplet provided downstream in the direction of movement, at least one of the drying beds Each of the drop ports is provided with a retention amount adjusting device for adjusting the amount of the material to be dried on the drying bed provided with the drop port, and each of the moving mechanisms rotates within a plane parallel to the drying bed. A plurality of main rakes are provided along the longitudinal direction of the drying bed, and the retention amount adjusting device includes a sub rake that is provided near the drop port and rotates in a plane parallel to the drying bed. The main rake and the sub rake are driven by separate driving means.
また請求項2記載の発明は、
被乾燥物を載せる乾燥床を縦方向に多段に配列
するとともに、前記被乾燥物を前記乾燥床上で床
面に沿つて一方向へ移動させることにより、移動
方向の下流に設けられた落し口を介して下段の乾
燥床へ落下させる移動機構を設けてなる多段乾燥
機において、前記乾燥床の少なくとも一つにおけ
る落し口に、該落し口が設けられた乾燥床上の被
乾燥物の滞留量を調節する滞留量調節装置を設け
てなり、
前記移動機構は、前記乾燥床と平行な平面内で
それぞれ回転する複数の主レーキを前記乾燥床の
長手方向に沿つて設けてなり、
前記滞留量調節装置は、前記落し口の近傍に乾
燥床からの高さが調節可能に設けられた調節堰か
らなる構成としたものである。 Further, the invention according to claim 2 provides a method of arranging drying beds on which objects to be dried are placed in multiple stages in the vertical direction, and moving the objects to be dried in one direction along the floor surface on the drying bed. In a multi-stage dryer, the dryer is provided with a moving mechanism for causing the drop to drop onto a lower drying bed through a drop port provided downstream of the drying bed, in which the drop port in at least one of the drying beds is provided with a drop port provided on the drying bed. a retention amount adjusting device for adjusting the retention amount of the material to be dried, and the moving mechanism moves a plurality of main rakes, each of which rotates in a plane parallel to the drying bed, along the longitudinal direction of the drying bed. The retention amount adjusting device is configured to include a regulating weir provided near the drop opening so that its height from the drying bed can be adjusted.
「作用」
請求項1に記載された発明においては、主レー
キと副レーキを別々の駆動手段により駆動するこ
ととしたから、主レーキおよび副レーキの回転数
を個々に調整することができる。したがつて、副
レーキの回転数を調整することにより、落下量を
調整し、乾燥床上における被乾燥物の撹拌時間を
必要に応じて長く確保することができる。"Operation" In the invention described in claim 1, since the main rake and the sub rake are driven by separate drive means, the rotation speeds of the main rake and the sub rake can be adjusted individually. Therefore, by adjusting the rotational speed of the sub rake, the falling amount can be adjusted and the stirring time of the material to be dried on the drying bed can be ensured as long as necessary.
また、請求項2に記載された発明においては、
堰の高さを調節することにより、落し口近くにお
ける被乾燥物の滞留量を調整して、かかる部分に
おける撹拌時間を必要に応じて長く確保すること
ができる。 Furthermore, in the invention described in claim 2,
By adjusting the height of the weir, it is possible to adjust the amount of material to be dried near the drop opening and to ensure a longer stirring time in this area as necessary.
「実施例」
第1図および第2図は請求項1に記載した発明
の一実施例を示す図であつて、これらの図中符号
11は多段乾燥機である。"Embodiment" FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the invention set forth in claim 1, and reference numeral 11 in these figures indicates a multi-stage dryer.
この多段乾燥機11は、乾燥機本体12と、こ
の乾燥機本体12の内部に多段に配列された乾燥
床13と、複数本の回転軸14とこれらの回転軸
14に取り付けられた主レーキ15と各回転軸1
4を回転させる駆動装置16とからなる撹拌・移
動機構と、各乾燥床13の落とし口18近傍に配
設された副レーキ19とこの副レーキ19を回転
させる回転軸20と駆動装置21とからなる滞留
量調節機構とを備えて構成されている。 This multi-stage dryer 11 includes a dryer main body 12, drying beds 13 arranged in multiple stages inside the dryer main body 12, a plurality of rotating shafts 14, and a main rake 15 attached to these rotating shafts 14. and each rotation axis 1
4, a sub rake 19 disposed near the drop port 18 of each drying bed 13, a rotating shaft 20 for rotating this sub rake 19, and a drive device 21. The structure includes a retention amount adjustment mechanism.
上記乾燥機本体12の上部には、被乾燥機を乾
燥機本体12内の最上段の乾燥床13に投入する
ための投入装置23が取り付けられている。ま
た、乾燥機本体12の上部には、加熱蒸気、加熱
空気、燃焼排ガスなどの加熱ガスの導入口24が
配設されているとともに、乾燥機本体12の下部
には排気口25が配設されている。 A charging device 23 is attached to the upper part of the dryer main body 12 for charging the dryer to be dried into the uppermost drying bed 13 within the dryer main body 12. Further, an inlet 24 for heating gas such as heated steam, heated air, and combustion exhaust gas is provided in the upper part of the dryer main body 12, and an exhaust port 25 is provided in the lower part of the dryer main body 12. ing.
上記撹拌・移動機構は、駆動装置16を駆動さ
せることによつて、2列に配列された複数本の回
転軸14が回転し、各乾燥床13毎に回転軸14
に固定された主レーキ15が各々回転するように
なつている。これらの主レーキ15の回転によつ
て、各乾燥床13上の被乾燥物は、攪拌されなが
ら落し口18の方向に送られる。また主レーキ1
5は図示しない連結ギアによつて回転軸14を連
動させることにより、互いに干渉しないように同
期して回転するようになつている。 In the stirring/moving mechanism, a plurality of rotating shafts 14 arranged in two rows are rotated by driving a driving device 16, and one rotating shaft 14 is provided for each drying bed 13.
The main rakes 15 fixed to the main rakes 15 are adapted to rotate. By the rotation of these main rakes 15, the material to be dried on each drying bed 13 is sent toward the drop port 18 while being stirred. Also main rake 1
5 are adapted to rotate in synchronization so as not to interfere with each other by interlocking the rotating shaft 14 with a connecting gear (not shown).
上記滞留量調節機構は、駆動装置21を駆動さ
せて回転軸20を回転させることによつて、各乾
燥床13の落とし口18近傍に配設された副レー
キ19を回転させ、主レーキ15によつて送られ
る被乾燥物の一部または全部を落とし口18から
下段の乾燥床13上に落下させるようになつてい
る。 The above retention amount adjustment mechanism rotates the sub rake 19 disposed near the drop port 18 of each drying bed 13 by driving the drive device 21 and rotating the rotating shaft 20, thereby causing the main rake 15 to rotate. A part or all of the material to be dried thus sent is allowed to fall from a drop opening 18 onto a lower drying bed 13.
落とし口18からの被乾燥物の落下量は、副レ
ーキ19の回転数によつて調節することができ、
また副レーキ15の回転数は、主レーキ15の回
転数と無関係に設定することができる。 The amount of material to be dried falling from the drop port 18 can be adjusted by the rotation speed of the sub rake 19.
Further, the rotation speed of the sub rake 15 can be set independently of the rotation speed of the main rake 15.
上記のように構成された多段乾燥機11を用い
て被乾燥物の乾燥を行うには、まず、導入口24
から乾燥機本体12内に加熱蒸気などの加熱ガス
を導入するとともに、撹拌・移動機構の駆動装置
16および滞留量調節機構22の駆動装置21を
各々駆動する。 In order to dry the material to be dried using the multi-stage dryer 11 configured as described above, first, the inlet 24
Heating gas such as heated steam is introduced into the dryer main body 12 from the dryer main body 12, and the driving device 16 of the stirring/moving mechanism and the driving device 21 of the retention amount adjusting mechanism 22 are respectively driven.
続いて、投入装置23から最上段の乾燥床13
に被乾燥物を投入する。投入された被乾燥物は、
主レーキ15の回転動作によつて攪拌されなが
ら、落とし口18方向に送られ、副レーキ19に
達する。 Subsequently, from the feeding device 23 to the top drying bed 13
Put the material to be dried into the container. The input material to be dried is
While being agitated by the rotation of the main rake 15, it is sent toward the drop port 18 and reaches the sub rake 19.
副レーキ19に達した被乾燥物は、副レーキ1
9の回転により、落とし口18から下段の乾燥床
13に落下する。このとき副レーキ19の搬送量
を、主レーキ15の搬送量よりも小さく設定して
おくと、乾燥床13内の被乾燥物の滞留量が増加
し、主レーキ15によつて副レーキ19に送られ
て滞留した被乾燥物が再び主レーキ15に戻り、
主レーキ15によつて攪拌されることとなり、被
乾燥物の攪拌を充分に行うことができる。 The material to be dried that has reached the sub-rake 19 is transferred to the sub-rake 1.
9, it falls from the drop opening 18 onto the lower drying bed 13. At this time, if the conveyance amount of the sub rake 19 is set smaller than the conveyance amount of the main rake 15, the amount of the material to be dried increases in the drying bed 13, and the main rake 15 transfers the material to the sub rake 19. The material to be dried that has been sent and accumulated returns to the main rake 15 again,
The main rake 15 is used to stir the dried material, so that the material to be dried can be sufficiently stirred.
乾燥床13中の被乾燥物は、主レーキ15によ
つて充分に攪拌されると同時に、乾燥機本体12
内に導入された加熱ガスと接触して加熱され、含
有する水分が蒸発して乾燥される。このとき、被
乾燥物は主レーキ15によつて充分に攪拌されて
いるために、攪拌不足によつて被乾燥物が塊状と
なり、表面部分が減率乾燥域となつて乾燥物の乾
燥度合にバラツキを生じる不都合が起こらず、均
一な状態で乾燥が行なわれる。 The material to be dried in the drying bed 13 is sufficiently stirred by the main rake 15 and at the same time
It is heated by contact with the heated gas introduced into the container, and the moisture contained therein is evaporated and dried. At this time, since the material to be dried is sufficiently agitated by the main rake 15, the material to be dried becomes lumpy due to insufficient stirring, and the surface area becomes a decreasing rate drying region, which changes the degree of dryness of the material to be dried. Drying is carried out in a uniform state without the inconvenience of unevenness.
副レーキ19に搬送された被乾燥物の一部は、
落とし口18から下段の乾燥床13に落下搬送さ
れる。副レーキ19の回転を遅くして搬送量を低
下させると、各乾燥床13の被乾燥物の厚さが増
加し、回転を早めれば被乾燥物の厚さが薄くな
る。 A part of the material to be dried transported to the sub-rake 19 is
It is dropped and conveyed from the drop port 18 to the lower drying bed 13. When the rotation of the sub rake 19 is slowed down to reduce the conveyance amount, the thickness of the dried material on each drying bed 13 increases, and when the rotation is accelerated, the thickness of the dried material becomes thinner.
落とし口18から下段の乾燥床13に落下した
被乾燥物は、更に同様の搬送動作によつて順次下
降し、加熱ガスと接触して加熱され、更に乾燥さ
れる。そして、乾燥状態となつた被乾燥物は、最
下段の乾燥床13の落とし口18から乾燥機本体
12から取り出される。 The objects to be dried that have fallen from the drop opening 18 onto the lower drying bed 13 are further lowered one after another by the same conveyance operation, are brought into contact with the heating gas, are heated, and are further dried. Then, the dried material is taken out from the dryer main body 12 through the droplet 18 of the drying bed 13 at the lowest stage.
この多段乾燥機11は、上述のように構成した
ことにより、各乾燥床の落とし口から下段の乾燥
床に落下させる被乾燥物の量を調整することによ
り、移動機構によつて被乾燥物の攪拌を充分に行
うことができる。 This multi-stage dryer 11 is configured as described above, and by adjusting the amount of drying material to be dropped from the opening of each drying bed to the lower drying bed, the moving mechanism moves the material to be dried. Sufficient stirring can be performed.
また、各乾燥床の被乾燥物の滞留量を、滞留量
調節機構によつて各段毎に任意に調節することが
できるので、被乾燥物の量、水分の変動あるいは
乾燥の進行にともなう性状変化に対し、運転の対
応を容易化することができる。 In addition, since the amount of material to be dried in each drying bed can be adjusted arbitrarily for each stage using a retention amount adjustment mechanism, it is possible to adjust the amount of material to be dried in each drying bed, depending on changes in the amount of material to be dried, moisture content, or the properties of the material as drying progresses. It is possible to easily respond to changes in driving.
なお、先の例では、加熱蒸気などの加熱ガス
を、被乾燥物の流れに対し並流に流したが、加熱
ガスを向流に流しても良い。 In the previous example, the heated gas such as heated steam was flowed in parallel with the flow of the material to be dried, but the heated gas may also be flowed countercurrently.
また、先の例では各乾燥床13毎に副レーキ1
9を配設したが、副レーキ19の数はこれに限定
されることなく、各乾燥床13の内の少なくとも
1つの乾燥床に、副レーキ19を配設すれば良
い。 In addition, in the previous example, there is one sub rake for each drying bed 13.
Although the number of sub-rakes 19 is not limited to this, the sub-rakes 19 may be provided on at least one of the drying beds 13.
実験例 1
第1図ないし第3図に示すものと同等構成の多
段乾燥機を用い、脱水処理を行つた状態の下水汚
泥(脱水ケーキ)の乾燥処理を行つた。Experimental Example 1 Sewage sludge (dehydrated cake) that had been dehydrated was dried using a multistage dryer having the same configuration as that shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
多段乾燥機は、乾燥床が5段、乾燥床の総面積
が50m2、主レーキの回転数が毎分5回、主レーキ
による乾燥物搬送量が毎分50、副レーキによる
搬送量が毎分10、加熱蒸気(加熱ガスとして)
の温度が300℃、加熱蒸気導入量が毎分50m3に設
定し、この多段乾燥機に、水分が80%の脱水ケー
キを投入し、乾燥を行つた。その結果、水分含有
量が10%以下で、乾燥度合のバラツキが殆どない
粉末状乾燥物が得られた。また、得られた乾燥物
の燃焼性を調べた結果、乾燥物は良好な燃焼性を
示し、低品位炭並の発熱量が得られることが認め
られた。 The multi-stage dryer has 5 drying beds, the total area of the drying bed is 50 m 2 , the main rake rotates 5 times per minute, the main rake transports 50 dry materials per minute, and the sub rake transports 50 per minute. min 10, heating steam (as heating gas)
The temperature was set at 300°C and the amount of heated steam introduced was set at 50 m 3 per minute, and a dehydrated cake with a moisture content of 80% was placed in this multistage dryer and dried. As a result, a powdery dried product with a water content of 10% or less and almost no variation in dryness was obtained. Furthermore, as a result of examining the combustibility of the obtained dried product, it was found that the dried product exhibited good combustibility and produced a calorific value comparable to that of low-rank coal.
一方、比較のために、上記多段乾燥機の副レー
キを取り除いた構成の多段乾燥機を用い、上記の
ものと同様の条件で脱水ケーキの乾燥処理を行つ
た。この結果、得られた乾燥物は、水分含有量が
50%程度の塊状のものから水分含有量が0%に近
い粉末状乾燥物が混ざり合つており、乾燥状態が
不均一であつた。 On the other hand, for comparison, a dehydrated cake was dried under the same conditions as above using a multi-stage dryer having a configuration in which the sub-rake of the multi-stage dryer was removed. As a result, the dried product obtained has a moisture content of
The drying state was non-uniform, with a mixture of dry matter ranging from lumps of about 50% to powdery dry matter with moisture content close to 0%.
次に、請求項2に記載した発明の一実施例を説
明する。 Next, an embodiment of the invention set forth in claim 2 will be described.
第3図は、請求項2に記載した発明の一実施例
を示す図である。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the invention set forth in claim 2.
この例による多段乾燥機は、先の例による多段
乾燥機11における滞留量調節機構22の代わり
に、各乾燥床13の落とし口18に調節堰26,
27を設けて構成されている。なお、この図中に
おいて、第1図および第2図に示すものと同一の
構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明を省略す
る。 The multi-stage dryer according to this example has an adjustment weir 26 at the drop port 18 of each drying bed 13, instead of the retention amount adjustment mechanism 22 in the multi-stage dryer 11 according to the previous example.
27. In this figure, the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted.
上記調節堰26,27としては、固定式のもの
と可動式のものが設けられている。これらのうち
固定式の調節堰26は、好ましくは主レーキ15
の翼高以上の堰高を有し、この調節堰26が配設
された乾燥床13の被乾燥物の厚さを主レーキの
高さ以上とし、乾燥床13の滞留量を一定レベル
に保つて、主レーキ15による攪拌動作時に、乾
燥床13が露出するのを防止するようになつてい
る。またこの調節堰26は、差しかえ式とし、乾
燥機本体12の外部から任意の堰高となる調節堰
26を差しかえることによつて堰高を任意に調整
できるようにすることが望ましい。 As the above-mentioned adjustment weirs 26 and 27, fixed types and movable types are provided. Among these, the fixed adjustment weir 26 is preferably the main rake 15
The thickness of the material to be dried in the drying bed 13 on which the adjustment weir 26 is installed is set to be at least the height of the main rake, and the amount of retention in the drying bed 13 is maintained at a constant level. This prevents the drying bed 13 from being exposed during the stirring operation by the main rake 15. Further, it is preferable that the adjusting weir 26 be of a replaceable type, so that the height of the weir can be arbitrarily adjusted by replacing the adjusting weir 26 from the outside of the dryer main body 12 to a desired weir height.
また、可動式の調節堰27は、乾燥機本体12
の外部に設けられたレバー28を図中矢印の方向
に移動させることにより、調節堰27の実質的な
堰高をある程度変動させることができるようにな
つている。この調節堰27では、乾燥床13の被
乾燥物の厚さを任意に調節することができるの
で、被乾燥物の量、水分の変動に対し容易に滞留
量を調節することができる。 In addition, the movable adjustment weir 27 is connected to the dryer main body 12.
By moving a lever 28 provided on the outside in the direction of the arrow in the figure, the substantial height of the adjustment weir 27 can be varied to some extent. In this adjustment weir 27, the thickness of the material to be dried in the drying bed 13 can be arbitrarily adjusted, so that the amount of staying material can be easily adjusted in response to fluctuations in the amount of material to be dried and the moisture content.
上記のように構成された多段乾燥機11を用い
て被乾燥物の乾燥を行うには、まず、導入口24
から乾燥機本体12内に加熱蒸気、加熱空気、燃
焼排ガスなどの加熱ガスを導入するとともに、撹
拌・移動機構の駆動装置16を駆動する。 In order to dry the material to be dried using the multi-stage dryer 11 configured as described above, first, the inlet 24
Heated gas such as heated steam, heated air, and combustion exhaust gas is introduced into the dryer main body 12 from the dryer body 12, and the drive device 16 of the stirring/moving mechanism is driven.
続いて、投入装置23から最上段の乾燥床13
に被乾燥物を投入する。投入された被乾燥物は、
主レーキ15の回転動作によつて攪拌されなが
ら、落とし口18方向に送られ、調節堰26,2
7によつてせき止められる。その結果、乾燥床1
3内の被乾燥物の滞留量が増加し、滞留した被乾
燥物が再び主レーキ15によつて攪拌されること
になる。乾燥床13中の被乾燥物は、主レーキ1
5によつて充分に攪拌されると同時に、乾燥機本
体12内に導入された加熱ガスと接触して加熱さ
れ、含有する水分が蒸発して乾燥される。このと
き、被乾燥物は主レーキ15によつて充分に攪拌
されているために、攪拌不足によつて被乾燥物が
塊状となり、表面部分が減率乾燥域となつて乾燥
物の乾燥度合にバラツキを生じる不都合が起こら
ず、均一な状態で乾燥が行なわれる。 Subsequently, from the feeding device 23 to the top drying bed 13
Put the material to be dried into the container. The input material to be dried is
While being stirred by the rotation of the main rake 15, it is sent toward the drop port 18, and is sent to the adjustment weirs 26, 2.
It is stopped by 7. As a result, drying bed 1
The amount of the material to be dried in the main rake 15 increases, and the remaining material to be dried is stirred by the main rake 15 again. The material to be dried in the drying bed 13 is transported to the main rake 1
At the same time, the dryer is sufficiently stirred by the dryer main body 12 and heated by contacting the heated gas introduced into the dryer main body 12 to evaporate the moisture contained therein and dry it. At this time, since the material to be dried is sufficiently agitated by the main rake 15, the material to be dried becomes lumpy due to insufficient stirring, and the surface area becomes a decreasing rate drying region, which changes the degree of dryness of the material to be dried. Drying is carried out in a uniform state without the inconvenience of unevenness.
調節堰26,27を越えて、落とし口18から
下段の乾燥床13に落下した被乾燥物は、更に同
様の搬送動作によつて各乾燥床13を順次下降し
て行き、加熱ガスと接触して加熱され、水分が蒸
発することによつて乾燥され、最下段の乾燥床1
3の落とし口18から乾燥機本体12から取り出
される。 The material to be dried, which has crossed the control weirs 26 and 27 and fallen from the drop port 18 onto the lower drying bed 13, is further successively lowered through each drying bed 13 by the same conveyance operation, and comes into contact with the heated gas. The drying bed 1 is heated and dried by evaporating moisture.
It is taken out from the dryer main body 12 through the drop port 18 of No. 3.
この多段乾燥機11は、上述のように構成した
ことにより、主レーキ15によつて送られる被乾
燥物を、乾燥床13の落とし口18に配設した調
節堰26,27でせき止めて、各乾燥床13の被
乾燥物の滞留量を調整することができ、主レーキ
15によつて被乾燥物の攪拌を充分に行うことが
できる。 This multi-stage dryer 11 is configured as described above, so that the material to be dried sent by the main rake 15 is dammed up by the regulating weirs 26 and 27 disposed at the drop opening 18 of the drying bed 13, and each The amount of the material to be dried on the drying bed 13 can be adjusted, and the main rake 15 can sufficiently stir the material to be dried.
また、調節堰26の高さを被乾燥物の量、水分
量に応じて予め所定の高さに設定し、あるいは可
動式の調節堰27により乾燥中に堰高を調節する
ことにより、各乾燥床13の被乾燥物の滞留量を
調節することができるので、被乾燥物の量、水分
の変動に対し運転の対応を容易化することができ
る。 In addition, the height of the adjustment weir 26 can be set in advance to a predetermined height according to the amount of material to be dried and the amount of moisture, or the height of the weir can be adjusted during drying using the movable adjustment weir 27. Since the amount of material to be dried on the bed 13 can be adjusted, it is possible to easily respond to changes in the amount of material to be dried and moisture content.
なお、先の例では、固定式の調節堰と可動式の
調節堰のいずれかの調節堰によつて各乾燥床の滞
留量を調整するようにしたが、調節堰の組合せは
特に限定されることなく、少なくとも一つの乾燥
床の落し口に、可動式あるいは差しかえ式の調節
堰を設けて、その乾燥床の滞留量を調整し得る構
成であればよい。 In addition, in the previous example, the amount of retention in each drying bed was adjusted using either a fixed regulating weir or a movable regulating weir, but the combination of regulating weirs is particularly limited. Any structure may be used as long as a movable or replaceable regulating weir is provided at the drop of at least one drying bed to adjust the amount of retention in the drying bed.
実験例 2
第3図に示すものと同等構成の多段乾燥機を用
いて脱水処理を行つた状態の汚泥(脱水ケーキ)
の乾燥処理を行つた。Experimental Example 2 Sludge (dehydrated cake) that has been dehydrated using a multi-stage dryer with the same configuration as the one shown in Figure 3
A drying process was performed.
多段乾燥機は、乾燥床が5段、乾燥床の総面積
が50m2、固定式の調節堰(1段目、2段目、4段
目、5段目の各乾燥床の落とし口に配置)の堰高
200mm、可動式の調節堰(3段目の乾燥床に配置)
の堰高0〜300mm、主レーキの翼高が100mm、主レ
ーキの回転数が毎分5回、加熱蒸気(加熱ガスと
して)の温度が300℃、加熱蒸気導入量が毎分50
m3に設定し、この多段乾燥機に、水分が80%の脱
水ケーキを投入し、乾燥を行つた。 The multi-stage dryer has 5 drying beds, a total drying bed area of 50 m 2 , and a fixed regulating weir (located at the opening of each drying bed in the 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 5th stages). ) weir height
200mm, movable regulating weir (placed on the third drying bed)
The weir height is 0 to 300 mm, the main rake blade height is 100 mm, the main rake rotation speed is 5 times per minute, the temperature of heated steam (as heated gas) is 300°C, and the heated steam introduction rate is 50 times per minute.
m3 , and a dehydrated cake with a water content of 80% was placed in this multi-stage dryer and dried.
その結果、水分含有量が10%以下で、乾燥度合
のバラツキが殆どない粉末状乾燥物が得られた。
また、得られた乾燥物の燃焼性を調べた結果、得
られた乾燥物は良好な燃焼性を示し、低品位炭並
の発熱量が得られることが認められた。 As a result, a powdery dried product with a water content of 10% or less and almost no variation in dryness was obtained.
Furthermore, as a result of examining the combustibility of the obtained dry product, it was found that the obtained dry product exhibited good combustibility and produced a calorific value comparable to that of low-rank coal.
「発明の効果」
以上説明したように、請求項1に記載された発
明においては、主レーキと副レーキを別々の駆動
手段により駆動することとしたから、主レーキお
よび副レーキの回転数を個々に調整することがで
きる。したがつて、落し口の近傍に設けられた副
レーキの回転数を調整することにより、上段の乾
燥床から下段の乾燥床への落下量を調整し、乾燥
床上における被乾燥物の撹拌時間を必要に応じて
長く確保することができ、この撹拌によつて、均
一かつ十分な乾燥度を得ることができるととも
に、被乾燥物の成分などの変化に対応して容易に
最適な運転を行うことができる。"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, in the invention described in claim 1, since the main rake and the sub rake are driven by separate drive means, the rotational speed of the main rake and the sub rake can be adjusted individually. can be adjusted to Therefore, by adjusting the rotation speed of the auxiliary rake installed near the drop opening, the amount of material falling from the upper drying bed to the lower drying bed can be adjusted, and the stirring time of the material to be dried on the drying bed can be adjusted. This agitation can be maintained for a long time as needed, and by this stirring, it is possible to obtain uniform and sufficient dryness, and it is possible to easily perform optimal operation in response to changes in the composition of the material to be dried. I can do it.
また、請求項2に記載された発明においては、
堰の高さを調節することにより、落し口近くにお
ける被乾燥物の滞留高さを調整して、かかる部分
における撹拌時間を必要に応じて長く確保するこ
とができ、請求項1の場合と同様に、均一かつ十
分な乾燥を得ることができる。 Furthermore, in the invention described in claim 2,
By adjusting the height of the weir, the height of the material to be dried near the droplet can be adjusted, and the stirring time in this area can be secured as long as necessary, similar to the case of claim 1. Even and sufficient drying can be achieved.
第1図および第2図は請求項1に記載した発明
の一実施例を示す図であつて、第1図は多段乾燥
機の要部の斜視図、第2図は多段乾燥機の要部を
断面視した側面図、第3図は請求項2に記載した
発明の一実施例を示す多段乾燥機の要部の斜視
図、第4図および第5図は従来の多段乾燥機を示
す図であつて、第4図は多段乾燥機の縦断面図、
第5図は第4図のB−B線断面図である。
11……多段乾燥機、13……乾燥床、17…
…攪拌・移動機構(移動機構)、18……落とし
口、22……滞留量調節機構、26,27……調
節堰。
1 and 2 are views showing an embodiment of the invention as claimed in claim 1, in which FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the main parts of a multi-stage dryer, and FIG. 2 is a main part of the multi-stage dryer. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of essential parts of a multi-stage dryer showing an embodiment of the invention as claimed in claim 2, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are views showing a conventional multi-stage dryer. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the multi-stage dryer,
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line B--B in FIG. 4. 11...Multi-stage dryer, 13...Drying bed, 17...
... Stirring/moving mechanism (moving mechanism), 18... Drop port, 22... Retention amount adjustment mechanism, 26, 27... Adjustment weir.
Claims (1)
列するとともに、前記被乾燥物を前記乾燥床上で
床面に沿つて一方向へ移動させることにより、移
動方向の下流に設けられた落し口を介して下段の
乾燥床へ落下させる移動機構を設けてなる多段乾
燥機において、前記乾燥床の少なくとも一つにお
ける落し口に、該落し口が設けられた乾燥床上の
被乾燥物の滞留量を調節する滞留量調節装置を設
けてなり、 前記移動機構は、前記乾燥床と平行な平面内で
それぞれ回転する複数の主レーキを前記乾燥床の
長手方向に沿つて設けてなり、 前記滞留量調節装置は、前記落し口の近傍に設
けられて前記乾燥床と平行な平面内で回転する副
レーキからなり、 前記主レーキと副レーキとは互いに別個の駆動
手段により駆動されることを特徴とする多段乾燥
機。 2 被乾燥物を載せる乾燥床を縦方向に多段に配
列するとともに、前記被乾燥物を前記乾燥床上で
床面に沿つて一方向へ移動させることにより、移
動方向の下流に設けられた落し口を介して下段の
乾燥床へ落下させる移動機構を設けてなる多段乾
燥機において、前記乾燥床の少なくとも一つにお
ける落し口に、該落し口が設けられた乾燥床上の
被乾燥物の滞留量を調節する滞留量調節装置を設
けてなり、 前記移動機構は、前記乾燥床と平行な平面内で
それぞれ回転する複数の主レーキを前記乾燥床の
長手方向に沿つて設けてなり、 前記滞留量調節装置は、前記落し口の近傍に乾
燥床から高さが調節可能に設けられた調節堰から
なることを特徴とする多段乾燥機。 3 滞留量調節装置が差しかえ式の調節堰である
特許請求の範囲第2項記載の多段乾燥機。 4 滞留量調節装置が可動式の調節堰である特許
請求の範囲第2項記載の多段乾燥機。[Scope of Claims] 1. By arranging drying beds on which objects to be dried are placed in multiple stages in the vertical direction, and moving the objects to be dried in one direction along the floor surface on the drying bed, In a multi-stage dryer provided with a moving mechanism for dropping the material onto a lower drying bed through a droplet provided in at least one of the drying beds, the coating on the drying bed provided with the droplet is provided at the droplet in at least one of the drying beds. A retention amount adjusting device for adjusting the retention amount of dry matter is provided, and the moving mechanism includes a plurality of main rakes provided along the longitudinal direction of the drying bed, each of which rotates in a plane parallel to the drying bed. The retention amount adjusting device includes a sub rake that is provided near the drop port and rotates in a plane parallel to the drying bed, and the main rake and the sub rake are driven by separate driving means. A multi-stage dryer characterized by: 2. By arranging drying beds on which items to be dried are placed in multiple stages in the vertical direction and moving the items to be dried in one direction along the floor surface on the drying bed, a droplet provided downstream in the direction of movement is created. In a multi-stage dryer provided with a moving mechanism for dropping materials to a lower drying bed through a droplet, an amount of the material to be dried accumulated on the drying bed provided with the droplet is set at a droplet in at least one of the drying beds. a retention amount adjusting device for adjusting the retention amount; the moving mechanism includes a plurality of main rakes each rotating in a plane parallel to the drying bed along the longitudinal direction of the drying bed; A multi-stage dryer characterized in that the apparatus comprises an adjustment weir provided near the drop port so that its height above the drying bed can be adjusted. 3. The multi-stage dryer according to claim 2, wherein the retention amount adjusting device is a replaceable regulating weir. 4. The multi-stage dryer according to claim 2, wherein the retention amount adjusting device is a movable regulating weir.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63226030A JPH0275400A (en) | 1988-09-09 | 1988-09-09 | Multistage dryer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63226030A JPH0275400A (en) | 1988-09-09 | 1988-09-09 | Multistage dryer |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0275400A JPH0275400A (en) | 1990-03-15 |
JPH0553560B2 true JPH0553560B2 (en) | 1993-08-10 |
Family
ID=16838677
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP63226030A Granted JPH0275400A (en) | 1988-09-09 | 1988-09-09 | Multistage dryer |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0275400A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102345972B (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2014-07-02 | 绿色科技有限公司 | Drying machine |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS558867A (en) * | 1978-07-06 | 1980-01-22 | Eiichi Uratani | Dryer for sludge |
JPS6017681A (en) * | 1983-07-09 | 1985-01-29 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | Dehydrating drier for muddy material |
-
1988
- 1988-09-09 JP JP63226030A patent/JPH0275400A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS558867A (en) * | 1978-07-06 | 1980-01-22 | Eiichi Uratani | Dryer for sludge |
JPS6017681A (en) * | 1983-07-09 | 1985-01-29 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | Dehydrating drier for muddy material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0275400A (en) | 1990-03-15 |
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