JPH05500880A

JPH05500880A - battery

Info

Publication number: JPH05500880A
Application number: JP51113091A
Authority: JP
Inventors: ラッドモール，ポール
Original assignee: ドウティー　エレクトロニック　コンポーネンツ　リミテッド
Priority date: 1990-06-20
Filing date: 1991-06-20
Publication date: 1993-02-18
Also published as: EP0487682A1; GB2245411A; WO1991020105A1; GB9013754D0

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。 (57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】電池１１０五計本発明は、固体（ソリッドステート）電池、特に、折重ね構造の電池に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] battery 110 five total TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to solid-state batteries, and in particular to batteries with folded structure.

１監ｌｊ現在の技術では、負電極と、電解質物質と、正電極を折重ね構造又はアコーデオン構造に組合わせて結合した固体電池の場合、それを組合わせ、作動させるのに幾つかの困難がある。それらの困難は、主として折り目の直近部分から生じる。1 supervisor lj Current technology involves combining the negative electrode, electrolyte material, and positive electrode in a folded or accordion structure. In the case of solid-state batteries combined into a single structure, it takes There are some difficulties. These difficulties arise primarily from the immediate vicinity of the fold.

電池の主要部材を折重ねると、その折り目の直近部分に応力が生じるからである。セルの電解質物質がセルの他の部材に比べて流動性を有するので、この応力発生の結果として、電解質物質をセルの折り目部分から圧出させることになる、もちろん、その結果最終的に電池のセルの負電極と正電極を互いに接触させ、電池をショートさせることになる。This is because when the main components of a battery are folded, stress is generated in the area immediately adjacent to the fold. . Because the cell's electrolyte material has more fluidity than other cell components, this stress The result is that the electrolyte material is squeezed out of the folds of the cell. Of course, this ultimately brings the negative and positive electrodes of the battery cell into contact with each other, and the battery This will cause a short circuit.

１１匹■」本発明は、上記の問題を回避した、あるいは少くとも大幅に軽減した、折重ね構造の固体電池を提供することを企図したものである。11 animals■ The present invention provides a folding structure that avoids or at least significantly reduces the above-mentioned problems. It is intended to provide a solid-state battery made of solid-state batteries.

本発明によれば、正電極と、負電極と、固体電解質物質とを積層体として組合せ、その積層体を折重ねて成る少くとも１つの電気化学的セルを含む固体電池であって、非導電性の有孔材の層を前記積層体の折り目領域内の前記固体電解質物質内に組入れたことを特徴とする固体電池が提供される。According to the present invention, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a solid electrolyte material are combined as a laminate. , a solid-state battery comprising at least one electrochemical cell formed by folding a laminate thereof. A layer of non-conductive porous material is applied to the solid electrolyte material within the fold area of the laminate. A solid state battery is provided.

上記有孔材の層即ち有孔部材（多数の小孔を有する部材）は、非導電性物質で製造すべきであるが、そのような非導電性物質は、イオンの伝導を可能にする物質であってもよく、可能にしない物質であってもよい。The layer of porous material, that is, the porous member (a member having many small holes) is made of a non-conductive material. However, such a non-conductive material is a material that allows the conduction of ions. or it may be a substance that does not.

上記有孔部材は、非導電性物質で製造すべきであることに加えて、当業者には明らかなように、その非導電性物質は、セルの電気化学的作動を劣化させないような物質とすべきである。例えば、非導電性物質は、電池の主要部品の素材と反応するものであってはならず、あるいは、電池の主要部品の素材と反応して電池のセルの作動に悪影響を及ぼすような潜在的汚染物質（例えば、後述する潜伏水）を含有するものであってはならない。It is clear to those skilled in the art that the perforated member should be made of a non-conductive material. As is obvious, the non-conductive material should not degrade the electrochemical operation of the cell. It should be a substance that is suitable for use. For example, non-conductive materials can react with the materials that make up the main components of a battery. It must not react with the material of the battery's main parts, or cause the battery to deteriorate. Potential contaminants that could adversely affect cell operation (e.g. latent water, discussed below) must not contain.

正電極と、固体電解質物質と、負電極との積層体即ち組立体を折曲げると、やはりその折り口近傍領域は、応力を受け、電解質物質をその領域から押出そうとする。When the laminate or assembly of the positive electrode, solid electrolyte material, and negative electrode is bent, The area near the crease of the resin is under stress and tends to push the electrolyte material out of that area. Ru.

しかしながら、本発明においては、上記有孔部材が、正電極と負電極とが電気的に接触するのを防止し、（有孔部材の小孔内に封入された）電解質物質が折り口近傍領域での正常な電気化学的作動を行なうのを保証する。However, in the present invention, the porous member has a positive electrode and a negative electrode that are electrically connected to each other. The electrolyte material (encapsulated within the pores of the perforated member) is Ensures normal electrochemical operation in the vicinity.

本発明の好ましい実施例では、上記有孔部材は、電池の主要部品の組立体の全幅及び、又は厚みを増大させないように電解質物質内に埋設させる。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the perforated member is provided over the entire width of the assembly of the main parts of the battery. and/or embedded within the electrolyte material without increasing its thickness.

アコーデオン構造の各個々の折り目領域にそれぞれ個別の有孔部材を組入れ、各有孔部材は、負電極、正電極及び固体電解質物質の全横幅に互って延在するストリップで構成するのが好ましい。Each individual fold area of the accordion structure incorporates a separate perforated member, and each The perforated member includes a strut extending across the entire width of the negative electrode, the positive electrode and the solid electrolyte material. Preferably, it consists of a lip.

本発明の好ましい実施例では、有孔部材には一連の小孔を形成する。In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the perforated member is formed with a series of small holes.

本発明の特定の例では、上記負電極は、リチウム金属又はリチウム合金で形成し、有孔部材は、ポリプロピレンで形成する。この例では、当業者には明らかなように、リチウムは水の存在下では酸化し易いので、電池の有効な作動を保証するためには、電池の各部材内に捕捉された潜伏水等の水を電池から排除することが肝要である。従って、有孔部材の非導電性物質は、実質的に潜伏水のない材料、即ちポリプロピレンとする。In a particular example of the invention, the negative electrode is formed of lithium metal or a lithium alloy. , the perforated member is made of polypropylene. In this example, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that Lithium is easily oxidized in the presence of water, ensuring effective operation of the battery. In order to do so, it is necessary to remove water such as latent water trapped in each component of the battery from the battery. It is essential. Therefore, the non-conductive material of the perforated member is a material that is substantially free of latent water; That is, it is polypropylene.

更に、ポリプロピレンは、非導電性であることの他に、それ自体はイオン伝導性をもたない。電池の、有孔部材の領域における実際のイオン伝導は、有孔部材の穴又は小孔内に捕捉され保持された電解質物質によってもたらされる。Furthermore, in addition to being non-conductive, polypropylene itself is ionically conductive. does not have The actual ionic conduction of the battery in the region of the perforated member is caused by electrolyte material trapped and retained within the pores or pores.

以下に添付図を参照して本発明の詳細な説明する。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図面の簡単な説明第１図は、本発明に従って構成された固体（ソリッドステート）電池の電気化学的セルの概略側面図である。Brief description of the drawing FIG. 1 shows the electrochemistry of a solid-state battery constructed in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a target cell.

第２図は、第１図に示された電気化学的セルの概略平面図である。2 is a schematic plan view of the electrochemical cell shown in FIG. 1; FIG.

第３図は、第１及び２図のコア部材の折曲げられた部分の概略断面図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the folded portion of the core member of FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.

１上ｌ添付図の第１図を参照して説明すると、本発明に従って構成された固体電池は、第１図に示されるような少くとも１つの電気化学的セルから成る。この電気化学的セルは、コア部材ｌを含む。1 top l Referring to FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings, the solid state battery constructed according to the present invention includes: It consists of at least one electrochemical cell as shown in FIG. This electrochemistry The target cell includes a core member l.

コア部材１は、下記の３つの層を有する積層構造から成る。The core member 1 has a laminated structure having the following three layers.

１、ポリマー材の組織内に保持された正電極活物質から成り、電気化学的セルの正電極を構成する第１層２．２　例えば炭酸プロピレンと炭酸エチレンを含有し、リチウム塩を分散させたポリエチレンオキシドのような固体（ソリッドステート）電解質物質の第２層３、及び、３、電気化学的セルの負電極を構成するリチウム塩の第３層。1. Consists of a positive electrode active material held within the structure of a polymeric material, and is used in an electrochemical cell. First layer constituting the positive electrode2. 2 For example, a polymer containing propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate with lithium salt dispersed therein. a second layer 3 of a solid state electrolyte material such as lyethylene oxide; as well as, 3. A third layer of lithium salt that constitutes the negative electrode of the electrochemical cell.

この電池のコア部材１は、ケーシング（図示せず）内で組立てられるが、その組立を経済的に（スペースの面で）行なうためにコア部材１を各折り目と折り目の位置の間の間隔を所定の間隔としたアコーデオン型に形成することができる。The core member 1 of this battery is assembled within a casing (not shown). In order to make the assembly economical (in terms of space), the core member 1 is It can be formed into an accordion shape with predetermined intervals between positions.

そのようなアコーデオン構造を形成するためには、コア部材１を側面からみてジグザグパターン（第２図参照）となるように左右に折重ねる。In order to form such an accordion structure, the core member 1 must be diagonally shaped when viewed from the side. Fold it left and right to form a zigzag pattern (see Figure 2).

コア部材１には、多数の穴又は小孔６を有する有孔部材５を組入れる。この例では有孔部材５は、ポリプロピレンから製造する。ポリプロピレンは、非導電性であり、それ自体はイオン伝導性をもたず、更に、電池の主要部品の素材と反応して電池のセルの作動に悪影響を及ぼすような潜在的汚染物質を含有していない。The core member 1 incorporates a perforated member 5 having a number of holes or small holes 6 . In this example The perforated member 5 is manufactured from polypropylene. Polypropylene is non-conductive Yes, it itself has no ionic conductivity, and furthermore, it reacts with the materials of the main parts of the battery. Contains no potential contaminants that could adversely affect battery cell operation.

有孔部材５は、をれを組入れる電池の電解質物質の第２層３の厚さより薄いポリプロピレンのシート材から製造する。従って、有孔部材５は、電池のコア部材１の厚みを増大させることなく電解質物質の第２層３内に容易に埋設することができる。The perforated member 5 is made of a polyurethane material that is thinner than the thickness of the second layer 3 of electrolyte material of the battery in which it is incorporated. Manufactured from propylene sheet material. Therefore, the perforated member 5 is the core member 1 of the battery. can be easily embedded within the second layer 3 of electrolyte material without increasing the thickness of the electrolyte material. Wear.

これらの一連の有孔部材５は、電解質物質の第２層３内でコア部材１をアコーデオン構造にするために折曲げる間隔と同じ間隔に互いに離隔させる。These series of perforated members 5 coordinate the core member 1 within the second layer 3 of electrolyte material. They are spaced apart from each other by the same distance as the bending distance to form the on structure.

コア部材１が製造されたならば、１つの有孔部材５がコア部材１の各折り目の正確な部位に位置するようにコア部材を折曲げる。Once the core member 1 has been manufactured, one perforated member 5 is placed at the center of each fold of the core member 1. Bend the core member so that it is located at the correct location.

コア部材１がこのようにを折曲げられると、その各折り目の近傍領域ではコア部材の最内側の層が収縮され、最外側の層が伸張される結果として第２層３の電解質物質が圧搾される（絞り出される）。電解質物質は、その周りの層のコンシスチンシー（１度）より流動し易い物理的コンシスチンシーを有しているので、折り目の近傍領域から押出されてしまう。When the core member 1 is bent in this way, the core portion is bent in the vicinity of each fold. The electrolysis of the second layer 3 occurs as a result of the innermost layer of the material being contracted and the outermost layer being stretched. The substance is squeezed out (squeezed out). An electrolyte substance has a composition of layers around it. It has a physical consistency that is easier to flow than Chinshi (1 degree), so it can be folded. It is pushed out from the area near the rim.

もし有孔部材５が存在していないとすれば、電気化学的セルの正電極（即ち、第１層２）と負電極（即ち、第３層４）が最終的に互いに接触し、セルをショートさせることになる。もちろん、その結果、電池の作動を台無しにしてしまう。If the perforated member 5 were not present, the positive electrode (i.e. the first The first layer 2) and the negative electrode (i.e. the third layer 4) will eventually touch each other, shorting the cell. I will let you do it. The result, of course, is to mess up the operation of the battery.

この点、本発明においては、コア部材１の第２層３内の電解質物質の若干は折り目近傍領域から圧搾されることがあるが、折り目近傍領域に存在する有孔部材５が、正電極と負電極とが互いに接触するのを防止する。In this regard, in the present invention, some of the electrolyte substance in the second layer 3 of the core member 1 is folded. Although it may be squeezed from the area near the eye, the perforated member 5 present in the area near the crease prevents the positive and negative electrodes from coming into contact with each other.

有孔部材５の素材であるポリプロピレンは非導電性物質であるから、正電極と負電極とが電気的に接触するのを防止され、従って電気化学的セルをショートさせるのを防止する。しかしながら、有孔部材５の孔６内に電解質物質が保持されているので、コア部材の各折り口近傍でのイオン伝導性は維持される６要　約正電極（２）と、負電極（４）と、固体電解質物質（３）とを積層体として組合せ、その積層体を折重ねて成る少くとも１つの電気化学的セルを含む固体電池であって、非導電性の有孔材（５）の層を前記積層体の折り目領域内の前記固体電解質物質（３）内に組入れたことを特徴とする固体電池。前記有孔材（５）は、ポリプロピレンとすることができ、一連の小孔を有するものとすることができる。有孔材（５）は、積層体の複数の折り目の領域内内に設けることができる。Polypropylene, which is the material of the perforated member 5, is a non-conductive material, so the positive electrode and negative electrode is prevented from making electrical contact with the electrode, thus shorting the electrochemical cell. prevent the However, the electrolyte substance is retained within the holes 6 of the porous member 5. As a result, the ionic conductivity near each fold of the core member is maintained6. summary A positive electrode (2), a negative electrode (4), and a solid electrolyte material (3) are combined as a laminate. a solid-state battery comprising at least one electrochemical cell formed by folding the laminate together; and a layer of non-conductive porous material (5) is applied to the solid state electrode in the fold area of the laminate. A solid-state battery characterized in that it is incorporated in a desolate substance (3). The porous material (5) is Can be polypropylene and can have a series of small holes . The porous material (5) can be provided within the region of the folds of the laminate.

国際調査報告国際調査報告ＧＢ　９１００９９８ＳＡ４８７０８international search report international search report GB 9100998 SA48708

Claims

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims]

１．正電極と、負電極と、固体電解質物質とを積層体として組合せ、その積層体を折重ねて成る少くとも１つの電気化学的セルを含む固体電池であって、非導電性の有孔材（５）の層を前記積層体の折り目頭域内の前記固体電解質物質（３）内に組入れたことを特徴とする固体電池。1. A positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a solid electrolyte material are combined as a laminate, and the laminate is a solid state battery comprising at least one electrochemical cell formed by folding a non-conducting A layer of porous material (5) is applied to the solid electrolyte material (3) within the crease head region of the laminate. A solid-state battery characterized by being incorporated into a solid-state battery.

２．前記有孔材（５）は一連の小孔を有していることを特徴とする請求の範囲第１項に記載の固体電池。2. Claim 1, characterized in that said porous material (5) has a series of small holes. The solid state battery according to item 1.

３．前記積層体は、アコーデオン型に複数回折曲げられており、該各折り自の領域内の前記固体電解質物質（３）内に非導電性の有孔材（５）が組入れられていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第１項又は２項に記載の固体電池。3. The laminate is folded multiple times in an accordion shape, and each fold has its own area. A non-conductive porous material (5) is incorporated within the solid electrolyte material (3) in the area. The solid state battery according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

４．前記負電極（４）は、リチウム金属又はリチウム合金であり、前記有孔材（５）は、ポリプロピレンであることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１〜３項のいずれかに記載の固体電池。4. The negative electrode (4) is made of lithium metal or a lithium alloy, and the porous material ( 5) is polypropylene according to claims 1 to 3. The solid-state battery described in any of the above.

５．添付図を参照して以上に説明された固体電池。5. Solid state battery as described above with reference to the accompanying figures.