JPH0550068A - Pasteurization of drinking water - Google Patents
Pasteurization of drinking waterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0550068A JPH0550068A JP22854991A JP22854991A JPH0550068A JP H0550068 A JPH0550068 A JP H0550068A JP 22854991 A JP22854991 A JP 22854991A JP 22854991 A JP22854991 A JP 22854991A JP H0550068 A JPH0550068 A JP H0550068A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- sterilization
- drinking water
- water
- platinum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、電解によって飲料水を
殺菌する方法に関する。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for sterilizing drinking water by electrolysis.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、飲料水を殺菌するためには、塩素
ガスを吹き込む方法、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム溶液等の殺
菌剤を定量注入ポンプで添加する方法が行われている。
前者は、危険度の高い高圧塩素ボンベを使用するので上
水道等の大きな施設でのみ行われている。後者は、殺菌
剤貯蔵槽と定量注入ポンプがあれば実施できるので小規
模の施設でも行われている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to sterilize drinking water, a method of blowing chlorine gas and a method of adding a bactericidal agent such as sodium hypochlorite solution with a metering injection pump have been used.
The former uses high-pressure high-pressure chlorine cylinders, so it is performed only in large facilities such as waterworks. The latter can be carried out with a fungicide storage tank and a metering pump, so it is also carried out in small-scale facilities.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】現在、水道法施行規則
第１６条では、「給水せんにおける水が遊離残留塩素0.
1ppm（結合残留塩素の場合は0.4ppm）以上保持するよう
に塩素消毒すること」と規定されているが、上限は規定
されていない。この規定を守るために、末端の水道蛇口
での残留塩素濃度が0.1ppmとなるように殺菌剤を添加し
ているため、上水場に近い水道蛇口では、残留塩素濃度
が1ppm近くなることがあり、いわゆるカルキ臭い水とな
り、住民から苦情が出ていた。１９９２年度から予定さ
れている水道法施行規則改訂によると、水道蛇口におけ
る残留塩素濃度を0.1〜0.4ppm程度に制御しなければな
らなくなる。これが実施されると、従来のような上水場
の殺菌処理のみでは、とうてい実現不可能となり、水道
の途中で殺菌処理をすることが必要となる。その殺菌処
理は比較的小規模なため、主として殺菌剤を添加する方
法で行うこととなる。殺菌剤は、安価な次亜塩素酸ナト
リウム溶液が主に使用されるが、保存中に徐々に分解し
て次亜塩素酸ナトリウム濃度が減少するという欠点があ
り、残留塩素濃度を望み通りに制御することは困難であ
る。また、水道の途中に多くの殺菌剤貯蔵槽を設置して
定期的に殺菌剤を補充しなければならないので、多額の
経費が必要となる。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] At present, in Article 16 of the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Water Supply Act, "The water in the water supply line is free of residual chlorine.
It must be sterilized so that it retains at least 1 ppm (0.4 ppm in the case of combined residual chlorine), but there is no upper limit. In order to comply with this regulation, a bactericide is added so that the residual chlorine concentration at the water tap at the end will be 0.1 ppm. Yes, it became so-called chlorinated water, and the residents complained. According to the revision of the Waterworks Law Enforcement Regulations scheduled from 1992, the residual chlorine concentration in water faucets will have to be controlled to about 0.1 to 0.4 ppm. If this is done, it will not be possible at all to achieve the conventional sterilization treatment in the water supply field alone, and it will be necessary to perform the sterilization treatment in the middle of the water supply. Since the sterilization treatment is relatively small, it is mainly performed by adding a sterilizing agent. As the disinfectant, inexpensive sodium hypochlorite solution is mainly used, but it has a drawback that it gradually decomposes during storage and the sodium hypochlorite concentration decreases, and the residual chlorine concentration is controlled as desired. Is difficult to do. Also, a large number of disinfectant storage tanks have to be installed in the middle of the water supply to replenish the disinfectant periodically, which requires a large amount of expense.
【０００４】マンション等の集合住宅の水道水は、貯水
槽にいったん貯められた後、各戸に配水されるが、貯水
槽中の残留塩素濃度が0.1ppm以下となることがある。そ
れを防ぐために殺菌剤の注入が必要となるが、殺菌剤貯
蔵槽の設置スペースがない、残留塩素濃度の制御が困難
である、殺菌剤の定期的な補充が困難である等の問題点
があり、実現されてないところが多い。The tap water of an apartment house such as a condominium is temporarily stored in a water tank and then distributed to each house, but the residual chlorine concentration in the water tank may be 0.1 ppm or less. It is necessary to inject a bactericide to prevent it, but there are problems such as no space for installing a bactericide storage tank, difficulty in controlling residual chlorine concentration, and difficulty in replenishing bactericide periodically. Yes, there are many things that have not been realized.
【０００５】本発明の目的は、飲料水の殺菌において、
殺菌剤を使用せず、かつ残留塩素濃度を正確に制御でき
る殺菌方法を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to disinfect drinking water,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a sterilization method that can accurately control the residual chlorine concentration without using a sterilizer.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、鋭意研究
を重ねた結果、電解によって飲料水を殺菌をする方法を
発見し、本発明を完成させた。As a result of intensive studies, the inventors of the present invention discovered a method for sterilizing drinking water by electrolysis and completed the present invention.
【０００７】すなわち、隣合う電極同士が異極となるよ
うに通電し、一定時間毎に電極の極性を反転することを
特徴とする飲料水の殺菌方法であり、また、該殺菌方法
で、電極が、電気メッキ、または熱分解法、またはクラ
ッド法によって、チタン基体上に白金を被覆した不溶性
電極であることを特徴とする殺菌方法である。That is, a method for sterilizing drinking water is characterized by energizing so that adjacent electrodes have different polarities and reversing the polarity of the electrodes at regular intervals. Is an insoluble electrode in which a titanium substrate is coated with platinum by electroplating, a thermal decomposition method, or a clad method.
【０００８】一般に白金の不溶性電極の製造法には、公
知の技術である電気メッキ法、熱分解法、クラッド法が
ある。熱分解法は、白金含有塩溶液をチタン基体に塗布
し、加熱して白金被覆を得る方法であり、クラッド法
は、白金をチタン基体に溶接または圧力を加えることに
よって接着する方法である。本発明に用いる電極として
は、電気メッキ法、熱分解法、クラッド法のどの方法で
製造した電極も適用できる。その他として蒸着法もある
が、性能面では他の方法と変わらないが、製造コストが
高くなり実用的でない。白金以外で被覆した電極につい
ても実験したが、極性反転して白金より長寿命の被覆電
極は見いだせなかった。[0008] Generally, as a method for producing a platinum insoluble electrode, there are known techniques such as an electroplating method, a thermal decomposition method and a cladding method. The pyrolysis method is a method in which a platinum-containing salt solution is applied to a titanium substrate and heated to obtain a platinum coating, and the clad method is a method in which platinum is adhered to the titanium substrate by welding or applying pressure. As the electrode used in the present invention, an electrode manufactured by any of an electroplating method, a thermal decomposition method and a clad method can be applied. There is also a vapor deposition method as another method, which is not different from other methods in terms of performance, but is not practical because the manufacturing cost is high. An experiment was conducted on electrodes coated with a material other than platinum, but it was not possible to find a coated electrode having a longer life than platinum due to polarity inversion.
【０００９】不溶性電極を用いて飲料水の電解を行う
と、水中のカルシウム、マグネシウムの不溶性化合物
（以下スケールと呼ぶ）が陰極に付着し、槽電圧が上昇
し、最終的に通電不能となる。従来、スケールを除去す
るには、塩酸等の酸で洗浄して溶解するか、物理的にか
き落すことが必要であったため、定期的な点検作業が欠
かせなかった。本発明者らは、電極の極性を一定時間毎
に反転することによりスケールの付着が防止できること
に着目した。極性反転によって長時間電解してもスケー
ルが付着しないので、定期的な点検を行わなくとも、長
期間槽電圧を上昇させないで電解をすることが可能とな
った。反転の頻度は、水質、電流密度により異なるが、
15〜30分に１回で十分である。電解条件は、水によって
異なるが、電流密度が0.5〜1.0Ａ/dm2、電極間距離が２
〜５mm、槽電圧が約５〜15Ｖである。本発明に用いた不
溶性電極は、２年間何の点検も必要としなかった。When electrolysis of drinking water is carried out using an insoluble electrode, insoluble compounds of calcium and magnesium (hereinafter referred to as scale) in water adhere to the cathode, the cell voltage rises, and finally electricity cannot be supplied. In the past, in order to remove the scale, it was necessary to wash it with an acid such as hydrochloric acid to dissolve it, or physically scrape it off, so that regular inspection work was essential. The inventors of the present invention noted that scale inversion can be prevented by reversing the polarity of the electrodes at regular intervals. Because the scale does not adhere even after long-term electrolysis due to polarity reversal, it became possible to electrolyze without increasing the cell voltage for a long period of time without performing regular inspection. The frequency of reversal depends on the water quality and current density,
Once every 15 to 30 minutes is sufficient. The electrolysis conditions differ depending on the water, but the current density is 0.5 to 1.0 A / dm 2 , and the distance between the electrodes is 2
~ 5 mm, the cell voltage is about 5-15V. The insoluble electrode used in the present invention did not require any inspection for 2 years.
【００１０】本発明によると、殺菌剤を使用せずに、電
気のみで殺菌ができ、電極にスケールが付着しないので
長期間定期点検も必要としないで、長期間の連続運転が
可能である。また、残留塩素濃度の制御は、電流を制御
することにより正確に行える。According to the present invention, sterilization can be performed only by electricity without using a sterilizing agent, and since the scale does not adhere to the electrodes, long-term continuous operation is possible without requiring periodic inspection for a long period of time. The residual chlorine concentration can be accurately controlled by controlling the current.
【００１１】[0011]
【作用】水道水中には塩素イオンが数10ppm含まれてお
り、それを電解することにより次亜塩素酸が生成する。
次亜塩素酸は強力な殺菌力を有しており、これが殺菌効
果を発揮する。[Function] Tap water contains several tens of ppm of chlorine ions, and by electrolyzing it, hypochlorous acid is generated.
Hypochlorous acid has a strong bactericidal power, which exerts a bactericidal effect.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例１】塩素イオン濃度70ppm、残留塩素濃度０ppm
の地下水１m2の中に、熱分解法で作成した白金電極（寸
法幅80mm×長さ400mm）４枚を、各々が異極となるよう
に、極間距離３mmで配置して投入して、４Ａの電流を１
時間流したところ、残留塩素濃度は、0.2ppmとなった。
平均槽電圧は、5.2Ｖであった。[Example 1] Chloride ion concentration 70 ppm, residual chlorine concentration 0 ppm
Of in ground water 1 m 2, the four platinum electrodes created (Dimensions Width 80 mm × length 400 mm) pyrogenically so that each is different poles, was charged arranged in distance between electrodes 3 mm, 4A current is 1
After flowing for a time, the residual chlorine concentration was 0.2 ppm.
The average cell voltage was 5.2V.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例２】0.2m2の貯水槽に実施例１と同じ地下水を
５l／分で注入して、その中に実施例１と同じ白金電極
４枚（極間距離：３mm）を投入し、４Ａの電流を流し
て、１５分に１回極性反転を行った。平均槽電圧は、5.
2Ｖであった。２年間連続運転したが、スケールの付着
もなく、槽電圧の上昇もほとんどなかった。Example 2 The same groundwater as in Example 1 was poured into a 0.2 m 2 water tank at 5 l / min, and 4 platinum electrodes (distance between electrodes: 3 mm) similar to those in Example 1 were charged therein. A current of 4 A was passed and the polarity was inverted once every 15 minutes. The average cell voltage is 5.
It was 2V. After continuous operation for 2 years, no scale adhered and almost no increase in cell voltage.
【００１４】[0014]
【比較例１】実施例２において、極性反転をせずに、実
施例２と同様の電解を行った。30日後、槽電圧が電解開
始時より約２Ｖ上昇した。電解を中止して電極を観察し
たところ、スケールが陰極の全面に付着していた。Comparative Example 1 In Example 2, the same electrolysis as in Example 2 was performed without reversing the polarity. After 30 days, the cell voltage increased by about 2V from the start of electrolysis. When electrolysis was stopped and the electrode was observed, the scale was found to be attached to the entire surface of the cathode.
【００１５】本発明の実施において、必要ならば公知の
フィルタープレス型電解槽等の電解槽に白金の不溶性電
極を陽極と陰極に使用し、通電し、極性反転して殺菌す
ることも可能である。In the practice of the present invention, if necessary, a platinum insoluble electrode may be used as an anode and a cathode in an electrolytic cell such as a well-known filter press type electrolytic cell, and electricity may be applied to reverse polarity for sterilization. .
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】本発明による飲料水の殺菌は、殺菌剤を
使用しないので殺菌剤の貯蔵、補充を必要とせず、電気
のみで殺菌ができ、電極にスケールが付着しないので、
長期間定期点検も必要としないで、長期間の連続運転が
可能である。また、残留塩素濃度の制御は、電流を制御
することにより正確に行える。加えて、貯水槽に電極を
設置して通電するだけなので、集合住宅でも容易に行え
る。The sterilization of drinking water according to the present invention does not require the storage and replenishment of the sterilizing agent because it does not use a sterilizing agent, it can be sterilized only by electricity, and the scale does not adhere to the electrodes.
Long-term continuous operation is possible without requiring long-term periodic inspection. The residual chlorine concentration can be accurately controlled by controlling the current. In addition, it is easy to do this even in an apartment house because the electrodes are installed in the water tank and electricity is supplied.
Claims (2)
し、一定時間毎に電極の極性を反転することを特徴とす
る飲料水の殺菌方法。1. A method for sterilizing drinking water, comprising energizing so that adjacent electrodes have different polarities, and reversing the polarity of the electrodes at regular intervals.
またはクラッド法によって、チタン基体上に白金を被覆
した不溶性電極であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の
殺菌方法。2. The electrode is electroplating or pyrolysis,
Alternatively, the sterilization method according to claim 1, which is an insoluble electrode in which a titanium substrate is coated with platinum by a clad method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22854991A JPH0550068A (en) | 1991-08-15 | 1991-08-15 | Pasteurization of drinking water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22854991A JPH0550068A (en) | 1991-08-15 | 1991-08-15 | Pasteurization of drinking water |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0550068A true JPH0550068A (en) | 1993-03-02 |
Family
ID=16878122
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22854991A Pending JPH0550068A (en) | 1991-08-15 | 1991-08-15 | Pasteurization of drinking water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0550068A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995032922A1 (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-12-07 | Toto Ltd. | Electrolysis apparatus and electrolysis method for chloride ion-containing flowing water |
| WO1997017298A1 (en) * | 1995-11-08 | 1997-05-15 | Morinaga Engineering Co., Ltd. | Process for producing bactericide, apparatus therefor, and bactericide |
| US6217741B1 (en) | 1998-10-13 | 2001-04-17 | Morinaga Engineering Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing bactericide |
| JP2014002991A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2014-01-09 | Fron Tier Engineering Co Ltd | Joule heating device |
-
1991
- 1991-08-15 JP JP22854991A patent/JPH0550068A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995032922A1 (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-12-07 | Toto Ltd. | Electrolysis apparatus and electrolysis method for chloride ion-containing flowing water |
| US5954939A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1999-09-21 | Toto, Ltd. | Electrolyzing apparatus and electrolyzing method for electrolyzing flowing water containing chlorine ions |
| WO1997017298A1 (en) * | 1995-11-08 | 1997-05-15 | Morinaga Engineering Co., Ltd. | Process for producing bactericide, apparatus therefor, and bactericide |
| US6217741B1 (en) | 1998-10-13 | 2001-04-17 | Morinaga Engineering Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing bactericide |
| JP2014002991A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2014-01-09 | Fron Tier Engineering Co Ltd | Joule heating device |
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