JPH0549491A - Method for producing polysaccharides from fine algae - Google Patents
Method for producing polysaccharides from fine algaeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0549491A JPH0549491A JP21364491A JP21364491A JPH0549491A JP H0549491 A JPH0549491 A JP H0549491A JP 21364491 A JP21364491 A JP 21364491A JP 21364491 A JP21364491 A JP 21364491A JP H0549491 A JPH0549491 A JP H0549491A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polysaccharide
- halophytia
- culture solution
- salt concentration
- halophilic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は微細藻類、例えば好塩性
藍藻アフアノカプサ ハロフイチアから多糖類、例えば
食品加工や医薬の基材として広く利用されるフコイダ
ン、ラミナラン硫酸、カラギーテンなど、を生産する方
法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a polysaccharide from microalgae such as halophilic cyanobacteria Afanocapsa halophytia, such as fucoidan, laminaran sulfate and carrageen, which are widely used as a base material for food processing and pharmaceuticals. .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】微細藻類から多糖類を製造するには、従
来は最もよく増殖する培養条件で佩用し、増殖した藻体
を分離回収し、藻体細胞を破壊し生体内に蓄積された多
糖類を常法に従って分離、生産している。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to produce a polysaccharide from a microalgae, it has been conventionally used under the most proliferative culture conditions, and the proliferated algal cells were separated and collected, and the algal cells were destroyed and accumulated in the living body. Polysaccharides are separated and produced according to a conventional method.
【０００３】又藻類ではなく、アクレモニウム属、キサ
ントモナス属、バチルス属などの細菌を用いて多糖類を
生産する場合には多糖類は菌体外の培養液中に生成する
ので、菌体を分離後培養液にアルコール等の有機溶媒を
添加して多糖類を沈殿分離し、乾燥するなどの常法によ
り製造している。When a polysaccharide is produced using a bacterium of the genus Acremonium, genus Xanthomonas, genus Bacillus, etc. instead of algae, the polysaccharide is produced in the culture solution outside the microbial cells, and the microbial cells are separated. It is manufactured by a conventional method such as adding an organic solvent such as alcohol to the post-culture liquid to precipitate and separate the polysaccharide, and drying.
【０００４】しかし、いずれの方法でも多糖類の生産量
は一定の培養条件におけるもので、微生物量当りの多糖
類生産量は一定限度であり、微生物の種類によって限ら
れている。However, in any of the methods, the amount of polysaccharide produced is under a constant culture condition, and the amount of polysaccharide produced per amount of microorganisms is at a certain limit and is limited depending on the type of microorganism.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】先に述べた如く、微生
物を用いて多糖類を生産する場合、選定した微生物の最
適培養条件で規定された一定の多糖類生産量が与えられ
ることとなり、この生産量を増大させるには、微生物の
改変（突然変異株の探索、遺伝子の組換、細胞融合な
ど）が必要であり、多大の時間と労力と費用を要する。As described above, in the case of producing a polysaccharide using a microorganism, a certain amount of polysaccharide production defined by the optimum culture conditions of the selected microorganism is given. In order to increase the production amount, modification of microorganisms (search for mutant strain, gene recombination, cell fusion, etc.) is required, which requires a great deal of time, labor and cost.
【０００６】そこで、本発明はこのような多大の時間と
労力と費用を要する微生物の改変を行わず、容易な操作
で多糖類の生産量を増大させる方法を提供しようとする
ものである。Therefore, the present invention is intended to provide a method for increasing the production amount of polysaccharide by a simple operation without modifying such a microorganism which requires a lot of time, labor and cost.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するた
め、本発明者は好塩性藻類アフアノカプサ ハロフイチ
ア（Aphanocapsa halophytia) について、種々の条件で
培養を行って多糖類の生産試験を行った。この好塩性藻
類アフアノカプサ ハロフイチアは多糖類を生産する
が、それは菌体内及び菌体外即ち培養液中へ生産される
ものと２種ある。そして、それらの多糖類は同じもので
あり、硫酸基を含んだ硫酸多糖で、含有単糖は約７割が
グルコースであり、約２割のフコース、その他少量のマ
ンノース、ラムノース、キシロース、ガラクトース及び
アミノ糖のグルコサミンを含む多糖である。In order to solve the above problems, the present inventor conducted a polysaccharide production test by culturing halophilic alga Aphanocapsa halophytia under various conditions. The halophilic alga Afanocapsa halophichia produces polysaccharides, two types of which are produced inside the cells and outside the cells, that is, in the culture solution. And, those polysaccharides are the same, sulfated polysaccharides containing sulfate group, about 70% of the contained monosaccharides are glucose, about 20% of fucose, other small amount of mannose, rhamnose, xylose, galactose and It is a polysaccharide containing the amino sugar glucosamine.
【０００８】試験の結果、菌体内の多糖類蓄積は塩濃度
に比例して増加していくことがわかり、菌体内の多糖
類、生産は浸透圧を調節するためであることを見出し、
本発明を完成するに至った。As a result of the test, it was found that the accumulation of polysaccharides in the bacterial cells increased in proportion to the salt concentration, and it was found that the production of polysaccharides in the bacterial cells is to regulate the osmotic pressure,
The present invention has been completed.
【０００９】すなわち、本発明は （１）好塩性藍藻アフアノカプサ ハロフイチアを高塩
濃度で定常期まで培養した後、低塩濃度で数時間〜数日
間培養して該アフアノカプサ ハロフイチアに菌体外多
糖類を生産させ、該培養液から該アフアノカプサ ハロ
フイチアを分離した後、該培養液中の多糖類を分離精製
することを特徴とする好塩性藍藻アフアノカプサ ハロ
フイチアから多糖類を生産する方法。That is, the present invention is as follows: (1) After culturing halophilic cyanobacteria Afanocapsa halophytia at a high salt concentration to a stationary phase, it is cultured at a low salt concentration for several hours to several days, and the exopolysaccharide is added to the afanocapsa halophthia. A method for producing a polysaccharide from the halophilic cyanobacteria Afanocapsa halophytia, which comprises isolating and purifying the polysaccharide in the culture broth after separating the Afuanocapsa halophychia from the culture broth.
【００１０】（２）好塩性藍藻アフアノカプサ ハロフ
イチアを繰り返し使用して多糖類の生産を行うことを特
徴とする上記１の好塩性藍藻アフアノカプサ ハロフイ
チアから多糖類を生産する方法。である。(2) The method for producing a polysaccharide from the halophilic cyanobacteria Afanocapsa halophytia, characterized in that the halophilic cyanobacteria Afanocapsa halophytia is repeatedly used to produce a polysaccharide. Is.
【００１１】[0011]
【作用】好塩性藍藻アフアノカプサ ハロフイチアを高
塩濃度で培養することで、アフアノカプサ ハロフイチ
アの菌体内多糖類を多量蓄積させ、次いで低温濃度で培
養することで体内に蓄積した多糖類を対外に放出させる
ものである。すなわち高塩濃度での培養により、高い浸
透圧に耐えるため、多量の多糖類を菌体内に蓄積させ、
その後で低塩濃度で培養することにより、浸透圧が低下
するので菌体内の必要多糖類の量は少なくてよいので、
余分になった多糖類を菌体外に放出するものである。[Function] By cultivating the halophilic cyanobacteria Afanocapsa halofuitia at a high salt concentration, a large amount of intracellular polysaccharides of Afanocapsa halophytia is accumulated, and then by culturing at a low temperature concentration, the polysaccharide accumulated in the body is released to the outside. It is a thing. That is, by culturing at a high salt concentration, to withstand a high osmotic pressure, a large amount of polysaccharides are accumulated in the cells,
After that, by culturing at a low salt concentration, the osmotic pressure decreases, so the amount of necessary polysaccharides in the bacterial cells may be small,
It releases excess polysaccharides outside the cells.
【００１２】また、好塩性藍藻アフアノカプサ ハロフ
イチアは菌体が破壊することがないので、繰返して多糖
類の生産に再利用しうる。[0012] Further, since the halophilic cyanobacteria Afanocapsa halophychia is not destroyed by the cells, it can be reused repeatedly for the production of polysaccharides.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】以下、実施例により本発明を説明する。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples.
【００１４】（実施例）塩濃度を８％に調整した滅菌天
然海水に、栄養塩としてＮａ2 ＨＰＯ4 ４０ｍｇ／ｌ、
ＮａＮＯ3 １００ｍｇ／ｌとなるように加えたものを培
養液として用い、藍藻アフアノカプサ ハロフイチアを
定常期まで培養し、これを遠心分離により菌体を収穫
し、塩濃度を夫々３％、５％、８％、１２％、２０％に
調整し同様に栄養塩を加えた前記と同じ培養液に、藻濃
度１×１０6 ｃｅｌｌｓ／ｍｌとなるように植種して、
４日間培養を行った。培養液は遠心分離で菌体を除去
後、透析膜による脱塩処理を行い、得られた溶液中の多
糖類をフェノール硫酸法により定量した。結果を表１に
示した。(Example) To a sterilized natural seawater having a salt concentration adjusted to 8%, 40 mg / l of Na 2 HPO 4 was added as a nutrient salt.
Using the culture solution containing NaNO 3 at 100 mg / l, the cyanobacterium Afanocapsa halophichia was cultivated until the stationary phase, and the cells were harvested by centrifugation to obtain salt concentrations of 3%, 5% and 8%, respectively. %, 12%, 20%, and the same culture solution as above with nutrient salts added, so that the alga concentration is 1 × 10 6 cells / ml,
Culture was performed for 4 days. After removing the bacterial cells by centrifugation, the culture solution was desalted with a dialysis membrane, and the polysaccharide in the obtained solution was quantified by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The results are shown in Table 1.
【００１５】（比較例）塩濃度を３％に調整した他は前
記と同じ培養液でアフアノカプサ ハロフイチアを定常
期まで培養し、これを遠心分離により菌体を収穫し塩濃
度３％に調整した前記と同じ培養液に、藻濃度１×１０
6 ｃｅｌｌｓ／ｍｌとなるように植種して、４日間培養
を行った。培養液は実施例と同じ処理を行い、多糖類を
定量した。その結果を表１に併せて示した。表１の実施
例の本培養の塩濃度が５％以上になると培養液中の多糖
類の量は減少する。(Comparative Example) Afanocapsa halophichia was cultured to the stationary phase in the same culture solution as described above except that the salt concentration was adjusted to 3%, and the cells were harvested by centrifugation to adjust the salt concentration to 3%. 1 x 10 algae in the same culture solution
The cells were seeded at 6 cells / ml and cultured for 4 days. The culture solution was treated in the same manner as in Example to quantify polysaccharides. The results are also shown in Table 1. When the salt concentration of the main culture in the examples of Table 1 is 5% or more, the amount of polysaccharide in the culture solution decreases.
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、培養液の塩濃度を変え
ると云う簡単な操作で多糖類の生産量はおよそ１．７倍
に上げることができる。しかも、本発明によれば、菌体
を破壊することなく繰返して多糖生産に用いることがで
きるので生産効率が高まり多糖類の生産コストが大きく
低減できる。According to the present invention, the production amount of polysaccharides can be increased by about 1.7 times by a simple operation of changing the salt concentration of the culture solution. Moreover, according to the present invention, the bacterial cells can be repeatedly used for polysaccharide production without destroying them, so that the production efficiency is increased and the production cost of the polysaccharide can be greatly reduced.
Claims (2)
アを高塩濃度で定常期まで培養した後、低塩濃度で数時
間〜数日間培養して該アフアノカプサ ハロフイチアに
菌体外多糖類を生産させ、該培養液から該アフアノカプ
サ ハロフイチアを分離した後、該培養液中の多糖類を
分離精製することを特徴とする好塩性藍藻アフアノカプ
サ ハロフイチアから多糖類を生産する方法。1. A halophilic cyanobacteria, Afanocapsa halophytia, is cultivated at a high salt concentration to a stationary phase, and then cultivated at a low salt concentration for several hours to several days to allow the Afanocapsa halophytia to produce extracellular polysaccharides, and the culturing is performed. A method for producing a polysaccharide from the halophilic cyanobacteria Afanocapsa halophytia, which comprises isolating and purifying the polysaccharide in the culture broth after separating the Afuanocapsa halophytia from the liquid.
アを繰り返し使用して多糖類の生産を行うことを特徴と
する請求項１の好塩性藍藻アフアノカプサハロフイチア
から多糖類を生産する方法。2. The method for producing a polysaccharide from the halophilic cyanobacterium Afanocapsa halophytia according to claim 1, wherein the halophilic cyanobacterium Afanocapsa halophytia is repeatedly used to produce the polysaccharide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21364491A JP3064052B2 (en) | 1991-08-26 | 1991-08-26 | Method for producing polysaccharides from microalgae |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21364491A JP3064052B2 (en) | 1991-08-26 | 1991-08-26 | Method for producing polysaccharides from microalgae |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0549491A true JPH0549491A (en) | 1993-03-02 |
| JP3064052B2 JP3064052B2 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
Family
ID=16642571
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21364491A Expired - Lifetime JP3064052B2 (en) | 1991-08-26 | 1991-08-26 | Method for producing polysaccharides from microalgae |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3064052B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4878176A (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1989-10-31 | Asics Corporation | Production process control system |
| US6573250B2 (en) | 1996-06-12 | 2003-06-03 | Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd. | Food or beverage additive containing fucoidan and food and beverage containing fucoidan |
| DE4427617B4 (en) * | 1994-08-04 | 2005-09-01 | bitop Aktiengesellschaft für biotechnische Optimierung | Process for obtaining cell components from halophilic and osmophilic as well as halo and osmotolerant microorganisms |
| KR100623001B1 (en) * | 2004-10-11 | 2006-09-19 | 한국식품연구원 | A Method Process for Separation of Food Grade Laminaran and Fucoidan Having Properties of Anti-tumor and Anti-hyperlipidemic Polysaccharides from Brown algae |
| WO2007138781A1 (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2007-12-06 | Saihatsu Kou | Antiviral agent and antibacterial agent |
-
1991
- 1991-08-26 JP JP21364491A patent/JP3064052B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4878176A (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1989-10-31 | Asics Corporation | Production process control system |
| DE4427617B4 (en) * | 1994-08-04 | 2005-09-01 | bitop Aktiengesellschaft für biotechnische Optimierung | Process for obtaining cell components from halophilic and osmophilic as well as halo and osmotolerant microorganisms |
| US6573250B2 (en) | 1996-06-12 | 2003-06-03 | Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd. | Food or beverage additive containing fucoidan and food and beverage containing fucoidan |
| US7422750B2 (en) | 1996-06-12 | 2008-09-09 | Takara Bio Inc. | Food or beverage containing fucoidan and method of production thereof |
| KR100623001B1 (en) * | 2004-10-11 | 2006-09-19 | 한국식품연구원 | A Method Process for Separation of Food Grade Laminaran and Fucoidan Having Properties of Anti-tumor and Anti-hyperlipidemic Polysaccharides from Brown algae |
| WO2007138781A1 (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2007-12-06 | Saihatsu Kou | Antiviral agent and antibacterial agent |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3064052B2 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
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