JPH0541761Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0541761Y2 JPH0541761Y2 JP1986128282U JP12828286U JPH0541761Y2 JP H0541761 Y2 JPH0541761 Y2 JP H0541761Y2 JP 1986128282 U JP1986128282 U JP 1986128282U JP 12828286 U JP12828286 U JP 12828286U JP H0541761 Y2 JPH0541761 Y2 JP H0541761Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filter medium
- stock solution
- filtration
- chamber
- filtrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Description
〔考案の目的〕
産業上の利用分野
本考案は懸濁液から清澄液を分離回収するため
の濾過装置に関する。
従来の技術
水処理あるいは排水処理などにおいて、固形物
を含有する懸濁液を濾過して濾滓と清澄液とに分
離するに当つて、種々の濾過装置が提案されてお
り、その中でも小型で処理能力が大きく、しかも
濾過と逆洗を交互に実施する自動連動運転に適し
た濾過装置として、缶体とその上部に設けた蓋体
との間に中間仕切板を設けてその下方の原液室と
上方の濾液室とに分け、その中間仕切板にたとえ
ば円筒型の濾材の１個以上を垂設してその濾材の
内側空間を濾液室に連通させた装置が知られてい
る。
かかる濾過装置は大量の懸濁液を濾過処理する
のに適している。すなわち、原液室にポンプ等に
より原液を加圧供給して濾液室より濾液を回収
し、濾材のまわりに濾滓が蓄積して濾過効率が低
下してきたときは、原液の供給を停止して濾材の
逆洗を行ない、濾滓を含んだ液を原液室下部に設
けた排液管を通じて排出してから再び懸濁液の濾
過を行なう手順で、繰返して運転されるものであ
る。
このような濾過装置の操業効率を高めるために
は、目詰りした濾材上に蓄積した濾滓を迅速かつ
効果的に除去することが必要であるが、かかる目
的に合致した自動制御運転に適した洗浄法とし
て、加圧空気を用いる洗浄方法が知られている。
すなわち、この方法は前述の如き円筒状濾材を
原液室内に垂設した濾過装置を用いて濾過を行な
つたのち、原液供給を停止して加圧空気を該原液
室に供給することにより可及的に多量の濾液を回
収し、次いで加圧空気の供給を停止すると共に濾
液の排出を停止し、続いて該濾液室に加圧空気を
供給すると共に該原液室を一気に開放して濾液室
内の空気を原液室に向つて逸出させることにより
残留した濾液と空気とが濾材を一気に逆方向に通
過するようにして濾滓を除去するものである。
解決とようとする問題点
前述のような加圧空気逆洗法は、逆洗に要する
時間を短縮し、実質的な濾過操業時間を多く確保
することができるが、それでも尚濾過逆洗のサイ
クルを反覆する間に濾材が目詰りを起して遂には
濾過不能となることが避けられない。そして、更
に有効な目詰まり除去方法が望まれていた。
そこで、本考案者は、このような要望に応える
ために研究を行なつた結果、加圧逆洗によつて濾
材からの濾滓の剥落が均一でなく、筒状濾材の下
部に濾滓が付着したままに残りやすいことが見出
された。そしてこれは筒状濾材の内部に残留する
液量が多いほど著しく、残留液内に発生する微生
物や原生動物あるいはこれらを餌とする小動物が
増殖して筒状濾材の底部に溜まつて内面から目詰
まりを起こすものであろうと考えられるに到つ
た。
本考案は、このような知見に基づいて逆洗時に
筒状濾材の内部に残る液による影響を抑制し、濾
材の目詰まりを防止して濾過運転の効率を改善し
ようとするものである。すなわち、本考案の目的
は、加圧空気逆洗法が、更に効果的に実施できる
濾過装置を提供することにある。
〔考案の構成〕
問題点を解決するための手段
前述のような本考案の目的は、中間仕切板を介
して下方に原液室をまた上方に濾液室を設け、中
空筒状濾材の内部空間に中実の柱状体を固定して
該濾材の内壁面と該柱状体の外壁面との間隔をほ
ぼ均等となるように構成した濾筒を前記中間仕切
板から前記原液室内に垂設し、前記原液室と前記
濾液室とにそれぞれ空気導入管を接続したことを
特徴とする濾過装置によつて達成される。
本考案における中空筒状濾材は、たとえば円筒
形の多孔管の外側に濾布を密着させて設けたもの
が使用できる。また必要に応じて、多孔管と濾布
との中間に金網等の層を設けてもよい。しかしな
から中空筒状濾材は外側が原液室に、また内側が
濾液室に通じて、濾過に当つては液が外側から内
側に流れるのに本質的に適した構造のものであれ
ば、形状や材質などについては特に制限されな
い。
中空筒状濾材の内部空間に固定する柱状体は、
たとえば円柱状などであつてよく、または正多角
柱体などであつてもよい。
かかる柱状体は、中空筒状濾材の上端部から下
端部まで連続して内部空間内に設けられるべきで
あり、また濾材の軸と柱体の軸とがずれてはなら
ず、そのために中空筒状濾材の内壁面と柱状体の
外壁面との間隔が上方方向に均等であると共に軸
に関して１回転する間に少くとも２回以上同一の
位置関係が出現するような周方向に対する間隔の
均等性が得られる。本考案において内外の面の間
隔がほぼ均等という意味は、かかる均等性をいう
ものであつて円筒体の中に同心的に円柱を装着す
る場合のほか、同軸に正三角柱、正四角柱、正五
角柱などを設けてもよく、またチエンスプロケツ
ト状の断面を有する柱体や外面に同一断面形状の
溝部を均等に設けた柱体など、周囲に適宜の間隔
を均等に分布して形成できる柱体であれば、どの
ようなものであつてもよい。さらにまた、かかる
柱体は周囲にほぼ均等な間隔を形成できる限りに
おいて、ねじり形状または螺旋形状であつてもよ
い。
このような柱体ｂはたとえば第１図に示すよう
に中空筒状濾材ａの内部に同軸となるように固定
され、かくして組立てられた単位濾過筒Ａは、外
面が濾過原液に接し、内部空間から濾液を抜き出
すことができるように、缶体Ｃを上下に分割して
いる中間仕切板Ｄに垂設される。こうして、中間
仕切板より下方は原液室Ｅを構成し、上方は濾液
室Ｆを構成する濾過装置が組立てられる。
作 用
このような構成を有する本考案の濾過装置にお
いて原液室Ｅに懸濁液を加圧下に供給すると、濾
材ａを通つて濾過された濾液は、濾材ａ内面と柱
状体ｂとの間隙から濾液室Ｆに入り、これから外
部に回収される。そして濾材ａの外面に濾滓が蓄
積して濾過抵抗が限度に達したときは、原液の供
給を停止して代りに加圧空気を供給して可及的に
多量の濾液を回収すると共に原液の残量を減少さ
せ、ついで濾液の排出口と原液室Ｅの配管を閉鎖
すると共に濾液室Ｆに加圧空気を供給し、原液室
Ｅを一気に開放することにより濾液室Ｆならびに
濾過筒Ａの内部に残留していた濾液を原液室Ｅ内
に逆流させて、濾材ａの逆洗を行なう。こうした
逆洗方法を適用した後に、再び濾過運転に入る
が、従来の濾過装置、すなわち円筒状濾材の内部
を単に空間としたままの装置においては、このよ
うな濾過−加圧空気逆洗の運転操業を反覆するに
つれ、濾材の目詰りが徐々に進行したのに対し
て、本考案の濾過装置においては、濾滓の除去率
が著しく改善され、濾材の目詰まりが軽減された
ばかりでなく、全運転時間に対する濾過時間の占
める割合が格段に高まつた。
実施例
第２図に示すような構造を有する、長さ27cmの
円筒状濾材を準備し、第１図に示すような試験用
濾過装置を組立てた。
円筒状濾材は内径43mm、外径48.6mmのステンレ
ス鋼管１に径５mmの孔を９mm間隔に多数設け、そ
の外面に目開き2.38mmの平織のステンレス網２を
巻き付け、更にその外面にポリプロピレン繊維の
濾布３を巻いたものであり、その内部に外径36mm
の硬質塩化ビニル円柱体４の充分に長いものを同
心的に取り付けた。
このように準備した本考案の装置を用いて、別
途用意のクレーの分散懸濁液（濃度：280mg／）
を濾材に対する通過速度10m／hrとなるように加
圧しながら濾過し、濾過圧が上昇して1.6Kg／cm2
に達したとき濾過を停止して、既述のような手順
に従つて逆洗を行ない、濾滓を排出した。この逆
洗の際の空気圧は1.8Kg／cm2であり、逆洗所要時
間は５秒であつた。
このようにして濾過操作を繰返すごとに濾過時
間が短縮してゆく状況を第１表に示した。また、
円筒状濾材の内部空間に柱状体を装着しない、す
なわち従来形式の装置を用いて、同様の濾過・洗
浄操作を繰返したときの結果も、同じく第１表に
対比して示した。
[Purpose of the invention] Industrial application field The present invention relates to a filtration device for separating and recovering a clear liquid from a suspension. Prior Art Various filtration devices have been proposed for filtering a suspension containing solids and separating it into a filtrate and a clear liquid in water treatment or wastewater treatment. As a filtration device that has a large processing capacity and is suitable for automatic interlocking operation that performs filtration and backwashing alternately, an intermediate partition plate is installed between the can body and the lid installed on the top of the can body, and a raw solution chamber below the can body is installed. An apparatus is known in which the filter is divided into an upper filtrate chamber and an upper filtrate chamber, and one or more cylindrical filter media are vertically disposed on an intermediate partition plate so that the inner space of the filter medium is communicated with the filtrate chamber. Such a filtration device is suitable for filtering large amounts of suspension. In other words, the stock solution is supplied under pressure to the stock solution chamber using a pump or the like, and the filtrate is collected from the filtrate chamber. If slag accumulates around the filter material and the filtration efficiency decreases, the supply of stock solution is stopped and the filter material is removed. The process is repeated by backwashing the suspension, discharging the liquid containing the filter dregs through a drain pipe installed at the bottom of the stock solution chamber, and then filtering the suspension again. In order to increase the operational efficiency of such filtration devices, it is necessary to quickly and effectively remove the filter slag that has accumulated on the clogged filter media. As a cleaning method, a cleaning method using pressurized air is known. That is, this method can be carried out by performing filtration using a filtration device in which a cylindrical filter medium as described above is vertically installed in the stock solution chamber, and then stopping supply of the stock solution and supplying pressurized air to the stock solution chamber. Collect a large amount of filtrate, then stop the supply of pressurized air and stop discharging the filtrate, then supply pressurized air to the filtrate chamber and open the raw solution chamber all at once to drain the inside of the filtrate chamber. By escaping air toward the stock solution chamber, the remaining filtrate and air pass through the filter medium in the opposite direction at once, thereby removing the filter slag. Problems to be solved Although the pressurized air backwashing method described above can shorten the time required for backwashing and secure more practical filtration operation time, it still requires a long filtration backwashing cycle. It is inevitable that the filter medium will become clogged during the repeated cycles and eventually become unable to filter. Therefore, a more effective method for removing clogging has been desired. Therefore, the inventor of the present invention conducted research to meet these demands, and found that due to pressure backwashing, the filter slag was not peeled off uniformly from the filter medium, and that the filter slag was deposited at the bottom of the cylindrical filter medium. It was found that it tends to remain attached. This problem becomes more pronounced as the amount of liquid remaining inside the cylindrical filter medium increases, and microorganisms and protozoa generated in the residual liquid, or small animals that feed on these, proliferate and accumulate at the bottom of the cylindrical filter medium, causing them to leak from the inner surface. It has come to be thought that this may be the cause of clogging. Based on this knowledge, the present invention aims to suppress the influence of liquid remaining inside the cylindrical filter medium during backwashing, prevent clogging of the filter medium, and improve the efficiency of filtration operation. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a filtration device that can carry out the pressurized air backwashing method more effectively. [Structure of the invention] Means for solving the problems The purpose of the invention as described above is to provide a stock solution chamber in the lower part and a filtrate chamber in the upper part through an intermediate partition plate, and to provide a solution to the internal space of the hollow cylindrical filter medium. A filter tube, which is constructed by fixing a solid columnar body so that the distance between the inner wall surface of the filter medium and the outer wall surface of the columnar body is approximately equal, is vertically disposed from the intermediate partition plate into the stock solution chamber, and This is achieved by a filtration device characterized in that air introduction pipes are connected to the stock solution chamber and the filtrate chamber, respectively. The hollow cylindrical filter medium of the present invention may be, for example, a cylindrical porous tube with a filter cloth attached tightly to the outside. Further, if necessary, a layer such as a wire mesh may be provided between the porous tube and the filter cloth. However, if a hollow cylindrical filter medium has a structure that is essentially suitable for the liquid to flow from the outside to the inside during filtration, the outside of the hollow cylindrical filter medium communicates with the raw liquid chamber and the inside with the filtrate chamber. There are no particular restrictions on the material or the like. The columnar body fixed in the internal space of the hollow cylindrical filter medium is
For example, it may be cylindrical or regular polygonal. Such a columnar body should be continuously provided in the internal space from the upper end to the lower end of the hollow cylindrical filter medium, and the axis of the filter medium and the axis of the columnar body should not be misaligned, so that the hollow cylinder The spacing between the inner wall surface of the filter medium and the outer wall surface of the columnar body is uniform in the upward direction, and the spacing is uniform in the circumferential direction so that the same positional relationship appears at least twice during one rotation about the axis. is obtained. In the present invention, the term "approximately equal spacing between the inner and outer surfaces" refers to such uniformity, and in addition to cases in which a cylinder is mounted concentrically within a cylindrical body, it also applies to equilateral triangular prisms, regular square prisms, regular five-dimensional prisms, etc. A column that can be formed with appropriate intervals evenly distributed around it, such as a column that has a chain sprocket-like cross section or a column that has grooves with the same cross-sectional shape evenly provided on the outer surface. It can be any kind of body. Furthermore, such columns may have a twisted or helical shape as long as they can be spaced approximately evenly around the circumference. For example, such a column b is fixed coaxially inside a hollow cylindrical filter medium a as shown in FIG. It is installed vertically on an intermediate partition plate D that divides the can body C into an upper and lower part so that the filtrate can be extracted from the can body C. In this way, a filtration device is assembled, in which the area below the intermediate partition plate constitutes the stock solution chamber E, and the area above constitutes the filtrate chamber F. Effect When a suspension is supplied under pressure to the stock solution chamber E in the filtration device of the present invention having such a configuration, the filtrate filtered through the filter medium a is released from the gap between the inner surface of the filter medium a and the columnar body b. The filtrate enters the filtrate chamber F, from which it is collected outside. When filter slag accumulates on the outer surface of filter medium a and the filtration resistance reaches its limit, the supply of the stock solution is stopped and pressurized air is supplied instead to collect as much filtrate as possible, and to recover the stock solution. Then, by closing the filtrate outlet and piping of the stock solution chamber E, and supplying pressurized air to the filtrate chamber F, and opening the stock solution chamber E all at once, the filtrate chamber F and the filtration cylinder A are The filtrate remaining inside is made to flow back into the stock solution chamber E to backwash the filter medium a. After applying such a backwashing method, filtration operation begins again. However, in a conventional filtration device, that is, a device in which the inside of the cylindrical filter medium is simply left as a space, such a filtration-pressurized air backwashing operation is performed. As the operation was repeated, the clogging of the filter medium gradually progressed, but in the filtration device of the present invention, the removal rate of filter slag was significantly improved, and the clogging of the filter medium was not only reduced, but also completely eliminated. The ratio of filtration time to operating time has increased significantly. Example A cylindrical filter medium having a length of 27 cm and having a structure as shown in FIG. 2 was prepared, and a test filtration device as shown in FIG. 1 was assembled. The cylindrical filter medium is a stainless steel tube 1 with an inner diameter of 43 mm and an outer diameter of 48.6 mm, with many holes of 5 mm in diameter spaced at 9 mm intervals, a plain weave stainless steel mesh 2 with a mesh size of 2.38 mm wrapped around the outer surface, and polypropylene fibers wrapped around the outer surface of the stainless steel tube 1. It is wrapped with filter cloth 3, and inside it there is an outer diameter of 36 mm.
A sufficiently long hard vinyl chloride cylinder 4 was attached concentrically. Using the apparatus of the present invention prepared in this way, a separately prepared dispersion suspension of clay (concentration: 280 mg/) was prepared.
was filtered while applying pressure so that the passing speed through the filter medium was 10 m/hr, and the filtration pressure increased to 1.6 Kg/cm 2
When the filtration was reached, the filtration was stopped and the slag was discharged by backwashing according to the procedure described above. The air pressure during this backwashing was 1.8Kg/cm 2 and the time required for backwashing was 5 seconds. Table 1 shows how the filtration time decreases each time the filtration operation is repeated. Also,
Table 1 also shows the results when the same filtration and washing operations were repeated without installing a columnar body in the internal space of the cylindrical filter medium, that is, using a conventional type device.
本考案の濾過装置は、中空筒状濾材を原液室内
に垂設した装置において、該中空筒状濾材の内部
空間に柱状体を同心的に設けるという単純な改良
によつて、加圧空気を用いる逆洗の効果が著しく
改良されるという驚くべき効果を示したものであ
る。そして、これによつて濾過操業の効率が著し
く改良されるという経済的利点がある。
The filtration device of the present invention utilizes pressurized air by simply improving a device in which a hollow cylindrical filter medium is installed vertically in a stock solution chamber by providing a columnar body concentrically in the internal space of the hollow cylindrical filter medium. This shows a surprising effect in that the backwashing effect is significantly improved. This has the economic advantage of significantly improving the efficiency of the filtration operation.
第１図は本考案の濾過装置の概念を示す断面
図、第２図は本考案の濾過装置に於て用いる濾過
筒の例の断面図である。
Ａ……濾過筒、ａ……濾材、ｂ……柱状体、Ｃ
……缶体、Ｄ……中間仕切板、Ｅ……原液室、Ｆ
……濾液室。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the concept of the filtration device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an example of a filter cylinder used in the filtration device of the present invention. A...filter cylinder, a...filter medium, b...column, C
... Can body, D ... Intermediate partition plate, E ... Stock solution chamber, F
...Filtrate chamber.
Claims (1)
濾液室を設け、中空筒状濾材の内部空間に中実の
柱状体を固定して該濾材の内壁面と該柱状体の外
壁面との間隔をほぼ均等となるように構成した濾
筒を前記中間仕切板から前記原液室内に垂設し、
前記原液室と前記濾液室とにそれぞれ空気導入管
を接続したことを特徴とする濾過装置。 A stock solution chamber is provided below and a filtrate chamber is provided above through an intermediate partition plate, and a solid columnar body is fixed in the internal space of a hollow cylindrical filter medium to form a connection between the inner wall surface of the filter medium and the outer wall surface of the columnar body. Filter tubes configured to have substantially equal intervals are hung from the intermediate partition plate into the stock solution chamber,
A filtration device characterized in that an air introduction pipe is connected to each of the stock solution chamber and the filtrate chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1986128282U JPH0541761Y2 (en) | 1986-08-25 | 1986-08-25 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1986128282U JPH0541761Y2 (en) | 1986-08-25 | 1986-08-25 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6335405U JPS6335405U (en) | 1988-03-07 |
| JPH0541761Y2 true JPH0541761Y2 (en) | 1993-10-21 |
Family
ID=31023814
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1986128282U Expired - Lifetime JPH0541761Y2 (en) | 1986-08-25 | 1986-08-25 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0541761Y2 (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58199010A (en) * | 1982-05-15 | 1983-11-19 | Sanshin Seisakusho:Kk | Method and device for recovering remaining liquid at the time of washing in top-liquid-gathering type pressure filter |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4831686U (en) * | 1971-08-20 | 1973-04-17 |
-
1986
- 1986-08-25 JP JP1986128282U patent/JPH0541761Y2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58199010A (en) * | 1982-05-15 | 1983-11-19 | Sanshin Seisakusho:Kk | Method and device for recovering remaining liquid at the time of washing in top-liquid-gathering type pressure filter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6335405U (en) | 1988-03-07 |
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